soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili
soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili
soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili
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(sasoflo sameurneo universitetis miwaTmoqmedebis kaTedra)<br />
miwaTmoqmedebis sistemebis istoriuli ganviTarebis sqema cxr. #6<br />
sistemebis jgufi sistemebis infra struqtura niadagis nayofierebaze zemoqmedeba<br />
I-primitiuli sistemebi saxnavad vargisi miwebis mcire <strong>nawili</strong>a aTvisebuli (20-<br />
25%-ze naklebi). saTesi farTobi saxnavze naklebia.<br />
warmoebis mimarTuleba-memcenareoba. mecxoveleoba<br />
II-eqstensiuri sistemebi<br />
(aneuliani, gaumjobesebul<br />
aneuliani, mravalmindvrovan-<br />
balaxovani)<br />
III-intensiuri sistemebi.<br />
(naTes balaxiani,<br />
nayofcvliTi)<br />
IV-niadagdacviTi<br />
sistemebi.<br />
(wylismieri eroziis<br />
sawinaaRmdego, qarismieri<br />
eroziis sawinaaRmdego,<br />
Warbteniani zonisaTvis.<br />
V-samTo miwaTmoqmedebis<br />
sistema<br />
VI-agrosamrewvelo<br />
kompleqsi<br />
Camoyalibebulia bunebriv sakveb savargulebze.<br />
saxnavad vargisi miwebis aTviseba ganuwyvetliv<br />
mimdinareobs. iTeseba saxnavis 1/3.? an mecxoveleoba<br />
sazrdoobs rogorc bunebrivi sakvebi savargulebiT, aseve<br />
nawilobriv saxnavis xarjze. <strong>meurneobis</strong> calmxrivi<br />
memarcvleobis mimarTuleba TandaTanobiT<br />
mravaldargovnobiT icvleba.<br />
saxnavi mTlianad aTvisebulia. saxnavi da saTesi<br />
farTobebi Tanatolia, zogan saTesi kidevac Warbobs<br />
saxnavs. mindvrad sakvebwarmoeba metnaklebad cvlis<br />
bunebrivi sakvebi savargulebis rols. isaxeba da viTardeba<br />
<strong>meurneobis</strong> specializacia da mravaldargovnobis SezRudva.<br />
wylismieri da qarismieri erozia saSiS, agreTve<br />
Warbtenian adgilebSi saxnavi miwebis mniSvnelovani <strong>nawili</strong><br />
uvargisi miwebis kategoriaSi eqceva, ris gamoc aseT miwebze<br />
melioraciul RonisZiebebTan erTad tardeba specialuri<br />
kompleqsi RonisZiebebisa eroziisa da daWaobebis<br />
sawinaaRmdegod. am fonze viTardeba maRalintensiuri<br />
miwaTmoqmedebis sxvadasxva sistema.<br />
am sistemisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia samTo melioraciis<br />
fonze baris miwaTmoqmedebasTan SeTanwyobili samTo<br />
<strong>meurneobis</strong> ganviTareba ZiriTadad mecxoveleobis<br />
moTxovnilebebidan gamomdinare; sasoflo-sameurneo<br />
savargulebis Tanafardobis gadasinjva myari mcenareuli<br />
safaris Seqmnis mizniT, saxnavi farTobis SezRudvis<br />
saWiroeba, mcire da saSualo meqanizaciis saSualebaTa<br />
farTo gamoyeneba.<br />
intensiuri miwaTmoqmedebis umaRlesi formaa, romelic<br />
viTardeba industriuli teqnologiis, kompleqsuri<br />
meqanizaciis, qimizaciis, eleqtrifikaciis, melioraciis da<br />
avtomatizaciis sawyisebze miwaTmoqmedebisa da mrewvelobis<br />
Sesabamis dargTa organuli Serwymis pirobebSi. isaxeba da<br />
viTardeba unarCeno warmoebis dargebi. miwaTmoqmedebis<br />
sistemaSi ganuyofel adgils ikavebs gaWuWyianebisagan<br />
garemos dacvis RonisZiebani.<br />
bunebrivi faqtorebi<br />
bunebrivi faqtorebi da<br />
adgilobrivi sasuqebi.<br />
bunebrivi faqtorebi, adgilobrivi<br />
sasuqebi. xelovnuri sasuqebis mzardi<br />
raodenobis gamoyeneba, nayofierebis<br />
gadidebis sxva qimiuri, fizikuri da<br />
biologiuri saSualebebi. isaxeba<br />
gaWuWyianebisgan niadagis dacvis<br />
RonisZiebani.<br />
am sistemisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia<br />
niadagis nayofierebaze uaryofiTad<br />
moqmedi faqtorebis SeCereba, xelovnuri<br />
nayofierebis siWarbe bunebrivTan<br />
SedarebiT.<br />
niadagis nayofierebis aRdgenagadidebis<br />
daxSuli biologiuri<br />
ciklis Seqmnis RonisZiebani<br />
mecxoveleobis wamyvani rolis<br />
uzrunvelyofis pirobebSi.<br />
niadagis efeqturi nayofiereba<br />
ZiriTadad xelovnuri nayofierebis<br />
donezea. gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba<br />
eniWeba niadagisa da saerTod garemos<br />
gaWuWyianebisagan dacvis RonisZiebaTa<br />
kompleqss.<br />
99
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