soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili
soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili
miaCniaT, rom niadagwarmoqmnis procesi iwyeba im momentidan, rodesac qanebis gamofitvis produqtebze mcenareuloba da mikroorganizmebi dasaxldebian, amieridan dedaqani xdeba niadagad anu bunebriv sxeulad, misTvis damaxasiaTebeli yvelaze mniSvnelovani TvisebebiT-nayofierebiT. klimati. klimati niadagwarmoqmnis procesebze gavlenas axdens. klimatTan aris dakavSirebuli niadagSi tenisa da siTbos miwodeba, xolo isini Tavis mxriv gansazRvraven mcenareulobis xasiaTs da niadagSi mimdinare mikrobiologiuri procesebis intensivobas. klimati did gavlenas axdens niadagis qimiur, fizikur da fizikur-qimiur procesebze. sxvadasxva klimatur zonebSi niadagwarmomqmneli procesebi gansxvavebulad mimdinareoben, rac iwvevs ama Tu im zonisaTvis damaxasiaTebel niadagebis warmoqmnas. mcenareuloba da cocxali organizmebi. mcenareuloba da cocxali organizmebi niadagwarmoqmnis ganmsazRvreli faqtoria. masTan dakavSirebulia niadagis zeda fenebSi kvebis elementebis dagroveba, agreTve humusis-niadagis nayofierebis mTavari wyaros warmoqmna. mcenareuli masis narCenebi mravali niadaguri mikroorganizmis aucilebeli sakvebi masala da ganviTarebis umniSvnelovanesi pirobaa. mcenareebi fesvis gamonayofiT aZliereben Znelad xsnadi mineraluri nivTierebebis SesaTvisebel mdgomareobaSi gadasvlas da amiT xels uwyoben advilad SesaTvisebeli SenaerTebis warmoqmnas. niadagwarmoqmnaSi mniSvnelovani roli ekuTvnis cxovelur organizmebsac: umartivesebs, uxerxemloebsa da mTxrel xerxemlianebs. uxerxemloebidan yvelaze met gavlenas axdenen Wiayelebi, romlebic TavianT organizmSi 10 tonamde niadagis masas atareben TiToeul heqtarze. amitom Wiayelebi niadagis nayofierebis erT-erTi biologiuri maCvenebelia, xerxemliani cxovelebi (Txunelebi, Triebi, zazunebi, miwis kurdRlebi, memindvriebi) Txrian soroebs, ureven organul nivTierebebs mineralurSi, SesamCnevad zrdian niadagis, wylis da haeris gamtarianobas, rac xels uwyobs mcenareuli narCenebis mineralizacias. reliefi. reliefi, rogorc niadagwarmoqmneli faqtori, rogorc wesi gansazRvravs mzis radiaciisa da tenis SERwevadobis xasiaTs. arCeven makro da mikro reliefs. makro reliefi adgilis vrceli teritoriis saerTo saxes warmoadgens, zogjer mniSvnelovani vertikaluri ryevadobiT. mikro reliefs. makroreliefi adgilis vrceli teritoriis saerTo saxes warmoadgens, zogjer mniSvnelovani vrceli teritoriis saerTo saxes warmoadgens, zogjer mniSvnelovani vertikaluri ryevadobiT. makro reliefi ki mcire nakveTebis zedapiris formaa Tavisi uswormasworobiTa da simaRleTa cvalebadobiT. 6
eliefis elementebidan didi mniSvneloba aqvs reliefis formebs, simaRles zRvis donidan, daqanebas da eqspozicias. formis mixedviT ZiriTadad ganasxvaveben vake da mTian reliefs. vake reliefi SeiZleba iyos zedapirulad swori, an sustad daxrili talRovani, magram masze yovelTvis aris gamosaxuli mikroreliefi. mTiani reliefis roli niadagwarmoqmnaSi ufro rTulia, radganac reliefis am formas axasaTebs sxvadasxva simaRleze mdebareoba zRvis donidan, qanobi, konfiguracia da eqspozicia, ris gamoc ufro mkafiod aris gamosaxuli da mravalmxrivia mTiani reliefis gavlena niadagwarmoqmnis procesebze. niadagis xnovaneba. niadagis xnovaneba–niadagwarmoqmnis bunebrivad mimdinare procesi droSi vlindeba. periods, niadagis warmoqmnis dawyebidan Tanamedroveobamde, niadagis xnovaneba ewodeba. gasagebia, rom maTi warmoqmna zogan adre daiwyo, zogan gvian. rogorc wesi, Savmiwebi ufro xnovanebi arian, isini gamyinvarebis periodidan viTardebian. adamianis sameurneo saqmianobis roli niadagTwarmoqmnis procesSi. miwaTmoqmedeba warmoiSva uxsovari droidan, roca adamianebi mcenareebis Segrovebidan maT gamravlebaze gadavidnen. am droidan niadagi gaxda Sromis obieqti da warmoebis ZiriTadi saSualeba. niadagze adamianis sawarmoo zemoqmedebis gzebi da saSualebani uaRresad mravalgvaria. niadagis melioracia, meqanikuri damuSaveba, ganoyiereba, mindorsacavi tyis zolebis mowyoba da sxva iseTi RonisZiebebia, romlebsac SeuZliaT Secvalon niadagTwarmomqmneli procesebi da niadagis Tvisebebi. niadagze adamianis dadebiTi moqmedebasTan erTad zogjer adgili aqvs uaryofiT gavlenas, romelsac is xSirad Tavisda uneburad an windauxedaobiT akeTebs. mag. tyeebis gaCexva, tyeebSi xanZris gaCena, niadagebis moxvna ferdobis daqanebis mimarTulebiT da sxva, mTian adgilebSi iwveven eroziuli procesebis ganviTarebas., niadaguri safaris Camorecxvas, hidrologiuri reJimis gauaresebas, vake adgilebis daWaobebas da sxva. niadagi-sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebis ZiriTadi sawarmoo saSualeba. niadagi aris soflis meurneobis warmoebis ZiriTadi da Seucvleli saSualeba, igi erTsa da imave dros Sromis saganic aris da Sromis saSualebac. Sromis sagania imitom, rom sasoflo- sameurneo kulturebis ukeTesi ganviTarebisaTvis da maRali mosavlis misaRebad vawarmoebT niadagis damuSavebas, melioracias, ganoyierebas da sxva. niadagi Sromis saSualebaa imitom, rom mis gareSe SeuZlebelia soflis meurneoba da sasoflo- sameurneo produqciis warmoeba. niadagTwarmoqmnis procesSi, romlis mimarTuleba da siCqare bunebrivad mimdinare procesebis zemoqmedebiTa da adamianis sameurneo saqmianobiT ganisazRvreba, warmoiqmneba da Semdgom ganviTarebas ganicdis. niadagis umniSvnelovanesi Tviseba- nayofierebaa-niadagis unari uzrunvelyos mcenaris moTxovnilebebi wyliT da sakvebi 7
- Page 1 and 2: saqarTvelos ganaTlebis da mecniereb
- Page 3 and 4: Sesavali soflis meurneobis safuZvle
- Page 5: Sedgenilobaze, misi gamofitvis xasi
- Page 9 and 10: agregatebs iseTi, romelTa diametri
- Page 11 and 12: plastikuroba. plastikuroba ewodeba
- Page 13 and 14: maqsimaluri kuTri winaRoba xdeba Wk
- Page 15 and 16: niadagis Tburi Tvisebebi mcenaris z
- Page 17 and 18: fizikuri STanTqmis unarianoba damok
- Page 19 and 20: fulvomJaveebis kalciumisa da magniu
- Page 21 and 22: adgan peqtinovani nivTierebebi da l
- Page 23 and 24: dasavleT saqarTvelo akad. m.sabaSvi
- Page 25 and 26: neSompala-karbonatuli niadagebi Cve
- Page 27 and 28: mura niadagebis xsnaris reaqcia sus
- Page 29 and 30: samxreT saqarTvelo samxreT saqarTve
- Page 31 and 32: gaJRenTilia da yvela misi forebi wy
- Page 33 and 34: fosforis Semcveloba. mcenaris wyliT
- Page 35 and 36: gruntis wylis siaxlovem niadagis ze
- Page 37 and 38: wyavi reJimi sarwyavi wylis efeqti
- Page 39 and 40: Seqmnas xelsayreli pirobebi xarisxo
- Page 41 and 42: wyvis Catarebis mimdinareobis gegma
- Page 43 and 44: sm siRrmeze, xolo sxva erTwlovani k
- Page 45 and 46: Camonadeni wylis danaleqis Casaxnav
- Page 47 and 48: dawvimebiTi rwyvis msgavsad am bolo
- Page 49 and 50: dolomiti. rbili kiriani qanebidan k
- Page 51 and 52: nivTierebaa, wyalSi kargad ixsneba,
- Page 53 and 54: organul sasuqebs miekuTvneba nakeli
- Page 55 and 56: mdinareebis Slams. niadagis moSlamv
eliefis elementebidan didi mniSvneloba aqvs reliefis formebs, simaRles zRvis<br />
donidan, daqanebas da eqspozicias. formis mixedviT ZiriTadad ganasxvaveben vake da<br />
mTian reliefs. vake reliefi SeiZleba iyos zedapirulad swori, an sustad daxrili<br />
talRovani, magram masze yovelTvis aris gamosaxuli mikroreliefi. mTiani reliefis<br />
roli niadagwarmoqmnaSi ufro rTulia, radganac reliefis am formas axasaTebs<br />
sxvadasxva simaRleze mdebareoba zRvis donidan, qanobi, konfiguracia da eqspozicia,<br />
ris gamoc ufro mkafiod aris gamosaxuli da mravalmxrivia mTiani reliefis gavlena<br />
niadagwarmoqmnis procesebze.<br />
niadagis xnovaneba. niadagis xnovaneba–niadagwarmoqmnis bunebrivad mimdinare<br />
procesi droSi vlindeba. periods, niadagis warmoqmnis dawyebidan Tanamedroveobamde,<br />
niadagis xnovaneba ewodeba. gasagebia, rom maTi warmoqmna zogan adre daiwyo, zogan<br />
gvian. rogorc wesi, Savmiwebi ufro xnovanebi arian, isini gamyinvarebis periodidan<br />
viTardebian.<br />
adamianis sameurneo saqmianobis roli niadagTwarmoqmnis procesSi. miwaTmoqmedeba<br />
warmoiSva uxsovari droidan, roca adamianebi mcenareebis Segrovebidan maT<br />
gamravlebaze gadavidnen. am droidan niadagi gaxda Sromis obieqti da warmoebis<br />
ZiriTadi saSualeba. niadagze adamianis sawarmoo zemoqmedebis gzebi da saSualebani<br />
uaRresad mravalgvaria. niadagis melioracia, meqanikuri damuSaveba, ganoyiereba,<br />
mindorsacavi tyis zolebis mowyoba da sxva iseTi RonisZiebebia, romlebsac SeuZliaT<br />
Secvalon niadagTwarmomqmneli procesebi da niadagis Tvisebebi. niadagze adamianis<br />
dadebiTi moqmedebasTan erTad zogjer adgili aqvs uaryofiT gavlenas, romelsac is<br />
xSirad Tavisda uneburad an windauxedaobiT akeTebs. mag. tyeebis gaCexva, tyeebSi<br />
xanZris gaCena, niadagebis moxvna ferdobis daqanebis mimarTulebiT da sxva, mTian<br />
adgilebSi iwveven eroziuli procesebis ganviTarebas., niadaguri safaris Camorecxvas,<br />
hidrologiuri reJimis gauaresebas, vake adgilebis daWaobebas da sxva.<br />
niadagi-sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebis ZiriTadi sawarmoo saSualeba. niadagi aris<br />
<strong>soflis</strong> <strong>meurneobis</strong> warmoebis ZiriTadi da Seucvleli saSualeba, igi erTsa da imave<br />
dros Sromis saganic aris da Sromis saSualebac. Sromis sagania imitom, rom sasoflo-<br />
sameurneo kulturebis ukeTesi ganviTarebisaTvis da maRali mosavlis misaRebad<br />
vawarmoebT niadagis damuSavebas, melioracias, ganoyierebas da sxva. niadagi Sromis<br />
saSualebaa imitom, rom mis gareSe SeuZlebelia <strong>soflis</strong> meurneoba da sasoflo-<br />
sameurneo produqciis warmoeba.<br />
niadagTwarmoqmnis procesSi, romlis mimarTuleba da siCqare bunebrivad mimdinare<br />
procesebis zemoqmedebiTa da adamianis sameurneo saqmianobiT ganisazRvreba,<br />
warmoiqmneba da Semdgom ganviTarebas ganicdis. niadagis umniSvnelovanesi Tviseba-<br />
nayofierebaa-niadagis unari uzrunvelyos mcenaris moTxovnilebebi wyliT da sakvebi<br />
7
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