soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili
soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili soflis meurneobis safuZvlebi I nawili
niadagis moculobiTi masa. Nniadagis moculobiTi masa aris garkveuli moculobis (1 sm 3 ), struqtura dauSleli Senebis haer mSrali niadagis masis Sefardeba imave moculobis wylis masasaTan. Nniadagis moculobiTi masa maCvenebelia niadagis aRnagobis, anu simkvrivis da damokidebulia forianobaze, meqanikur Sedgenilobaze, struqturaze, humusis raodenobaze da sxv. amisaTvisaa, rom, Tu viciT niadagis moculobiTi masa, SegviZlia miaxloebiTi warmodgena viqonioT niadagis sawarmoo Rirebulebis _ mcenareTa sakvebi elementebiT, wyliT, haeriTa da sxvaTa uzrunvelyofis xarisxis Sesaxeb. misi saSualebiT SegviZlia niadagis forianobis da saxnav fenaSi arsebuli wylisa da sakvebi nivTierebis maragis gamoyeneba. Nniadagis moculobiTi masis dadgena, marTalia, imave mis moculobis wylis masasaTan SefardebiT warmoebs, magram cnebebi _ niadagis moculobiTi masa, struqturadaurRveveli Senebis niadagisa da niadagis mayari fazis xvedriTi masa _ forebisa da svrelebis CauTvlelad _ identuri ar aris. Nniadagis magari fazis xvedriTi masa yovelTvis didia imave niadagis moculobiT masasTan SedarebiT. Aaseve cnobilia, rom niadagis zeda fenebis moculobiTi masa naklebia misi qveda fenebis moculobiT masasTan SedarebiT. saxnavi fenis moculobiTi masa 1-dan 1,15-1,20-mde meryeobs, qveda fenebis moculobiTi masa 1,2-1,6-mde farglebSia mocemuli. niadagis forianoba.Nnidagis forianoba ewodeba garkveuli moculobis niadagSi arsebul erTad aRebul yoveldgvar forebs, Sualedebsa da Rru adgilebs. Nniadagi cnobilia, rogorc forovani sxeuli. Fforebi niadagis meqanikur da struqturul erTeulTa Soris aris moqceuli. aseve cnobilia, rom ramdenadac wvrilmarcvliania struqtura, miT metia misi forianoba, rac meti raodenobiT iqneba niadagSi neSompala, miT metia Sig forebi, nafesvarebi, Wiayelis xvrelebi da sxv. maSasadame, niadagis forianoba damokidebulia mis meqanikur Sedgenilobasa da struqturaze. Aamitomaa, rom sxvadasxva niadags sxvadasxva forianoba axasiaTebs. Aase, magaliTad, Tixiani niadagis forianoba ufro metia, vidre Tixnarisa da miT ufro qviSnari niadagebisa. qviSnari niadagebis forianoba Tu 30-40 %-is farglebSi meryeobs, Tixnari niadagebSi is 40-50 %, xolo Tixian niadagebSi – 50 % da meti. nidagSi saerTo forianobis garda arCeven kapilarulsa da arakapilarul forianobasac. Kkapilaruli forianoba aris niadagSi arsebuli uwvrilesi, bewviseburi forebi, romelTa SemweobiTac niadagSi wyali qvevidan zeviT moZraobs. danarCeni iqneba arakapilaruli forianoba. kapilaruli da arakapilaruli forinoba did gavlenas axdens niadagis wylier, haerovan, fizikur-meqanikur Tvisebebze, qimiur, bioqimiur procesebze, mcenareTa zrda-ganviTarebaze da sxv. Aamgvarad, niadagis forianobas didi sawarmoo mniSvneloba aqvs. 10
plastikuroba. plastikuroba ewodeba niadagis unars ganicados deformireba garegani meqanikuri zemoqmedebiT erTianobis daunawevrianeblad da SeinarCunos mocemuli forma. niadagis plastikuroba damokidebulia meqanikur, mineralogiur, qimiur Sedgenilobaze da gamovlindeba tenianobis gansazRvrul diapazonebSi. mSral da gadaWarbebulad tenian mdgomareobaSi niadagi ar amJRavnebs plastikurobas. plastikurobas aqvs qveda da zeda zRvari, rac axasiaTebs niadagis gadasvlas erTi konstitenciidan meoreSi. ix cx. #1 dasaxelebul sidides zomaven plastikurobis ricxviT. igi warmoadgens tenianobas Soris sxvaobas plastikurobis zeda da qveda niadagebis klasifikacia plastikurobis mixedviT cxr. #1 klasi niadagebi plastikurobis ricxvi I II III IV maRalplastikuri (Tixebi) plastikurebi (Tixnarebi) sustad plastikurebi (qviSnarebi) ara plastikurebi (qviSebi) zRvars Soris; rac ufro didia mocemuli maCvenebeli, miT ufro plastikuria niadagi. yovel niadags aqvs tenianobis garkveuli intervali, romlis drosac vlindeba plastikuroba, e.i. plastikurobis sazRvrebi da plastikurobis garkveuli ricxvi. niadagebs plastikurobis sididis mixedviT yofen klasebad niadagis webovnebis Tviseba. webovnebas uwodeben niadagis nawilakebis Tvisebas garkveuli tenianobis pirobebSi miewebos erTmaneTs da gareSe sxeuls. niadagis webovnebas apirobebs meqanikuri Sedgeniloba, tenis raodenoba, STanTqmul fuZeTa Sedgeniloba da sxva. mZime meqanikuri Sedgenilobis niadagebis webovneba gacilebiT didia, vidre msubuqisa. webovnebis Tviseba cvalebadobs tenis raodenobis mixedviT. mSral niadags webovnebis Tviseba ar axasiaTebs. garkveuli farglamde tenis mateba adidebs webovnebas (Semdgom matebas ki Tan mosdevs webovnebis Semcireba). niadagi, romelic STanTqmul fuZeTa Soris Na –s Seicavs, tenian mdgomareobaSi maRali webovnebis TvisebiT xasiaTdeba. Nniadagis webovnebis didi mniSvneloba aqvs. Mmisi praqtikuli mniSvneloba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom is gavlenas axdens niadagis weviT winaRobaze. magaliTad, adidebs mZime niadagebis weviT winaRobas maRali webovnebis Tvisebis mqone niadagebis weviTi winaRobis Zala didia, xolo optimaluri tenianobis pirobebSi niadagi, webovnebis gamo, agregirebas ganicdis, ris gamoc misi weviTi winaRobis Zala mcirdeba. webovneba izrdeba Zalis im sididiT, romelic saWiroa niadagis Sewebebuli nawilakebis erTmaneTisagan an niadagze miwebebuli gareSe sagnis mosacileblad. webovnebis Zalas gamosaxaven g/sm 2 –iT. 17 17-7 7-0 0 11
- Page 1 and 2: saqarTvelos ganaTlebis da mecniereb
- Page 3 and 4: Sesavali soflis meurneobis safuZvle
- Page 5 and 6: Sedgenilobaze, misi gamofitvis xasi
- Page 7 and 8: eliefis elementebidan didi mniSvnel
- Page 9: agregatebs iseTi, romelTa diametri
- Page 13 and 14: maqsimaluri kuTri winaRoba xdeba Wk
- Page 15 and 16: niadagis Tburi Tvisebebi mcenaris z
- Page 17 and 18: fizikuri STanTqmis unarianoba damok
- Page 19 and 20: fulvomJaveebis kalciumisa da magniu
- Page 21 and 22: adgan peqtinovani nivTierebebi da l
- Page 23 and 24: dasavleT saqarTvelo akad. m.sabaSvi
- Page 25 and 26: neSompala-karbonatuli niadagebi Cve
- Page 27 and 28: mura niadagebis xsnaris reaqcia sus
- Page 29 and 30: samxreT saqarTvelo samxreT saqarTve
- Page 31 and 32: gaJRenTilia da yvela misi forebi wy
- Page 33 and 34: fosforis Semcveloba. mcenaris wyliT
- Page 35 and 36: gruntis wylis siaxlovem niadagis ze
- Page 37 and 38: wyavi reJimi sarwyavi wylis efeqti
- Page 39 and 40: Seqmnas xelsayreli pirobebi xarisxo
- Page 41 and 42: wyvis Catarebis mimdinareobis gegma
- Page 43 and 44: sm siRrmeze, xolo sxva erTwlovani k
- Page 45 and 46: Camonadeni wylis danaleqis Casaxnav
- Page 47 and 48: dawvimebiTi rwyvis msgavsad am bolo
- Page 49 and 50: dolomiti. rbili kiriani qanebidan k
- Page 51 and 52: nivTierebaa, wyalSi kargad ixsneba,
- Page 53 and 54: organul sasuqebs miekuTvneba nakeli
- Page 55 and 56: mdinareebis Slams. niadagis moSlamv
- Page 57 and 58: dasavleTi nawilebi bunebrivi pirobe
- Page 59 and 60: asevea sagazafxulo saZovrebzec. sad
niadagis moculobiTi masa. Nniadagis moculobiTi masa aris garkveuli moculobis<br />
(1 sm 3 ), struqtura dauSleli Senebis haer mSrali niadagis masis Sefardeba imave<br />
moculobis wylis masasaTan.<br />
Nniadagis moculobiTi masa maCvenebelia niadagis aRnagobis, anu simkvrivis da<br />
damokidebulia forianobaze, meqanikur Sedgenilobaze, struqturaze, humusis<br />
raodenobaze da sxv. amisaTvisaa, rom, Tu viciT niadagis moculobiTi masa, SegviZlia<br />
miaxloebiTi warmodgena viqonioT niadagis sawarmoo Rirebulebis _ mcenareTa sakvebi<br />
elementebiT, wyliT, haeriTa da sxvaTa uzrunvelyofis xarisxis Sesaxeb. misi<br />
saSualebiT SegviZlia niadagis forianobis da saxnav fenaSi arsebuli wylisa da<br />
sakvebi nivTierebis maragis gamoyeneba.<br />
Nniadagis moculobiTi masis dadgena, marTalia, imave mis moculobis wylis<br />
masasaTan SefardebiT warmoebs, magram cnebebi _ niadagis moculobiTi masa,<br />
struqturadaurRveveli Senebis niadagisa da niadagis mayari fazis xvedriTi masa _<br />
forebisa da svrelebis CauTvlelad _ identuri ar aris. Nniadagis magari fazis<br />
xvedriTi masa yovelTvis didia imave niadagis moculobiT masasTan SedarebiT. Aaseve<br />
cnobilia, rom niadagis zeda fenebis moculobiTi masa naklebia misi qveda fenebis<br />
moculobiT masasTan SedarebiT. saxnavi fenis moculobiTi masa 1-dan 1,15-1,20-mde<br />
meryeobs, qveda fenebis moculobiTi masa 1,2-1,6-mde farglebSia mocemuli.<br />
niadagis forianoba.Nnidagis forianoba ewodeba garkveuli moculobis niadagSi<br />
arsebul erTad aRebul yoveldgvar forebs, Sualedebsa da Rru adgilebs. Nniadagi<br />
cnobilia, rogorc forovani sxeuli. Fforebi niadagis meqanikur da struqturul<br />
erTeulTa Soris aris moqceuli. aseve cnobilia, rom ramdenadac wvrilmarcvliania<br />
struqtura, miT metia misi forianoba, rac meti raodenobiT iqneba niadagSi neSompala,<br />
miT metia Sig forebi, nafesvarebi, Wiayelis xvrelebi da sxv. maSasadame, niadagis<br />
forianoba damokidebulia mis meqanikur Sedgenilobasa da struqturaze. Aamitomaa, rom<br />
sxvadasxva niadags sxvadasxva forianoba axasiaTebs. Aase, magaliTad, Tixiani niadagis<br />
forianoba ufro metia, vidre Tixnarisa da miT ufro qviSnari niadagebisa. qviSnari<br />
niadagebis forianoba Tu 30-40 %-is farglebSi meryeobs, Tixnari niadagebSi is 40-50 %,<br />
xolo Tixian niadagebSi – 50 % da meti.<br />
nidagSi saerTo forianobis garda arCeven kapilarulsa da arakapilarul<br />
forianobasac. Kkapilaruli forianoba aris niadagSi arsebuli uwvrilesi, bewviseburi<br />
forebi, romelTa SemweobiTac niadagSi wyali qvevidan zeviT moZraobs. danarCeni<br />
iqneba arakapilaruli forianoba. kapilaruli da arakapilaruli forinoba did<br />
gavlenas axdens niadagis wylier, haerovan, fizikur-meqanikur Tvisebebze, qimiur,<br />
bioqimiur procesebze, mcenareTa zrda-ganviTarebaze da sxv. Aamgvarad, niadagis<br />
forianobas didi sawarmoo mniSvneloba aqvs.<br />
10
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