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qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

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jaWvi, rogorc sagani, sabediswero xdeba amiranisTvis. is ambivalenturia: jaWviT aris is dabmuli da jaWviTve cdilobs gaTavisuflebas. sxva TqmulebaSi (megrulSi) monadires mwyemsi enacvleba, romelsac jaWvi miaqvs amiranis dasaxsnelad. mwyemss monadireebi SeSlilad CaTvlian da amiranisTvis gamzadebuli jaWviT Sekraven. amis Semdeg mwyemsi wyevlis monadireebs. yazbegis kldeze, ambobs Tqmuleba, hkidia es jaWvi, unda vifiqroT, ara amiranis gaTavisuflebis simbolod, aramed imis niSnad, rom es saSualeba ver gaaTavisuflebs mas. xalxis SefasebiT, Tu amirans gaTavisufleba uweria, unda gaTavisufldes gardaqmnili amirani da ara iseTi, rogoric miajaWves. aseTi amiranis aSveba araTu kacobriobis, aramed mTeli bunebis gamanadgurebelic aris. vaJas leqss `amirani~ amgvari SeniSvna axlavs: `fSavlebis warmodgeniT, rodesac amirani aRdgeba, maSin bunebaSic areuloba moxdeba~. xalxi, romelmac misi Tqmuleba Seinaxa, imitomac ekideba TanagrZnobiT mijaWvul gmirs, rom igi masSi sakuTar Tavs – codvaTa sakrvelebiT dabmuls, xedavs da gaTavisuflebas elis. es monadire xalxis warmomadgenelia. ara mxolod monadirea pasuxismgebeli, aramed TiToeuli Cvengani pirovnulad monawileobs misi satanjvelis gaxangrZlivebaSi. amiranis sasjeli Cveni sasjelia. xalxis Tvalsazrisi dasjili amiranis bedze mkafiod Cans erT moxevur TqmulebaSi. rodesac gamarjvebebiT gabudayebulma amiranma qriste RmerTTanac Sejibreba moindoma, RmerTma is amisTvis myinvarwveris ferdobze miajaWvao. amiT undoda esargebla amiranis dauZinebel mters gveleSaps, myinvaris wveridan gadmococda da dabmul amirans SeWmas upirebda. magram misi es ganzraxva wm. giorgis gaugia da swrafad iqve gaCenila. wmindans gvele- SapisaTvis TiTis daqneviT uTqvams: `SeCerdi, amirani codvebis mosananieblad davabi da ara Sen gasaZRomado, mandve gaqvavdio~. am sityvebiT gveleSapi iqve gaqvavebula [makalaTia:242]. vinc amas ambobs, mas ar gaumetebia amirani samudamo satanjvelisTvis, jojoxeTisTvis. es gveleSapi jojoxeTs atarebs Tavis TavSi, is modis, rom sabolood STanTqas amiranis sicocxle. magram amirani unda gadarCes da igi mismave sakuTarma Zalam unda gadaarCinos. Tumca misi mxsneli Zala ar iqneba fizikuri Zala, aramed Zala sinanulisa, raSic unda STainTqas misi urCoba da ampartavneba. eposis Semnaxveli xalxic ase fiqrobs. is ar gansjis amirans, mxolod elodeba mis moqcevas. is TanaugrZnobs mas, mis tanjvas, is ar gansjis, radgan `ukanaskneli sja mxolod RmerTs ekuTvnis, adamians ki arasodes ar SeuZlia gansajos RvTis qmnileba, rogorc sabolood daRupuli da amitomac unda uyvardes masSi xsnis potencia~ [berdiaevi:48]. amiranSi ki aris xsnis potencia, SesaZlebloba gaTavisuflebisa sakuTari Zalmomreobisagan. sasinanulod amirans micemuli aqvs vada. sasinanulo droJami mas ar warTmevia. es igrZnoba moxeur TqmulebaSi – misi azri saerTo suliskveTebis gamomxatvelia. xalxis sulma mSobliur landSaftSic ki – 96

mTadqceul gveleSapSi – amoikiTxa, rom cas sabolood ar gauwiravs adamiani, rom ca mis mxarezea. `amiraniani~ ar aris dasrulebuli, misi droJami ar amowurula. siuJeturi dro emTxveva realur dros, romelic jer kidev miedineba. amirani kacobriobis istoriis yovel awmyoSia, is yvela epoqis Tanamedrovea. blez paskali (1623-1662) werda, rom adamians ornairi gansacdeli emuqreba: is SeiZleba Cavardes sasowarkveTilebaSi Tavisi uZlurebis gamo da SeiZleba gaampartavndes sakuTar Tavze gadametebuli warmodgenis gamo. amirani moicva sasowarkveTilebam uZlevel ambri arabTan Sexvedrisas da _ hubrisma, roca warmoidgina, rom misi momrevi amqveynad da arc qveynis gareT aravin iyo. ambri arabis winaSe Tavis uZlurebaSi darwmunebuli, ormoci dRe da ormoci Rame glovobda. misma naTliam, macxovarma ieso qristem, Seibrala igi da uzomo Zala mianiWa. magram roca amirans qveyanaze aravin darCa mourevneli, mas daeufla hubrisi da Tavad macxovari gamoiwvia orTabrZolaSi. gaampartavnebulma imis damarcxeba moindoma, vinc Zala mianiWa. es iyo udidesi hubrisis gamovlineba, risTvisac amirani kldeze mijaWviT dasaja RmerTma. SeiZleboda hubrisis gardaqmnili saxe dagvenaxa erT fragmentSi, sadac amirani wmida cxovelis uneblie mkvlelad gvevlineba: mTas iremi wamogvixta, casa swvdeba rqani misi, amiranma ro esrola, moido marjvena mxarsao, mivida, bevri itira, ro jvari naxa rqasao [Ciqovani 1981:21]. aSkaraa, rom es fragmenti im vrceli baladiseburi teqstis nawilia, romelic amgvarad iwyeba: `sanadirod wamovidnen amiran da Zmani misni... mTas iremi wamouxtaT, oqro iyo rqani misni, ucxo mTaze koSki naxes, anagebi brolis qvisi~ da a.S. (ix. VI epizodi). am baladis arc erT variantSi jvari ar gvxvdeba, arc is Cans, rom es oqrosrqiani iremi raimeTi niSnulia. `amiranma boZali hkra, wiTlad dasWra mxari misi~, da am qmedebas ar mohyveba tragikuli Sedegi. magram raki mas Tundac erT, unikalur variantSi, miewereba jvriani irmis mokvla, igi ar unda ugelebelvyoT, unda CavTvaloT amiranis ganwirulebis momaswaveblad am ZvelTaZveli miTologemis saSualebiT. jer kidev agamemnonia gaxveuli am miTologemaSi: TqmulebiT, mas mouklavs artemisis wmida Sveli, rac misi tragikuli daRupvis mizezi gamxdara. mogvianebiT igive mizezi mouswrafebs sicocxles bizantiuri xanis berZen gmirs _ digenis (`orgzis Sobil~) akritass. misi mokluli irmis rqebs Soris jvari da beWebs Soris yovladwmida RvTismSoblis xati aRmoCnda da manac, rogorc zemoT moyvanil fragmentSi amiranma, gamoiglova Tavi: `samasi daTvi movkali da samocdaori lomi da, aha, bedisweram wmida irems 97

jaWvi, rogorc sagani, sabediswero xdeba amiranisTvis. is<br />

ambivalenturia: jaWviT aris is dabmuli da jaWviTve cdilobs<br />

gaTavisuflebas. sxva TqmulebaSi (megrulSi) monadires mwyemsi enacvleba,<br />

romelsac jaWvi miaqvs amiranis dasaxsnelad. mwyemss monadireebi<br />

SeSlilad CaTvlian da amiranisTvis gamzadebuli jaWviT Sekraven. amis<br />

Semdeg mwyemsi wyevlis monadireebs. yazbegis kldeze, ambobs Tqmuleba,<br />

hkidia es jaWvi, unda vifiqroT, ara amiranis gaTavisuflebis simbolod,<br />

aramed imis niSnad, rom es saSualeba ver gaaTavisuflebs mas.<br />

xalxis SefasebiT, Tu amirans gaTavisufleba uweria, unda<br />

gaTavisufldes gardaqmnili amirani da ara iseTi, rogoric miajaWves.<br />

aseTi amiranis aSveba araTu kacobriobis, aramed mTeli bunebis<br />

gamanadgurebelic aris. vaJas leqss `amirani~ amgvari SeniSvna axlavs:<br />

`fSavlebis warmodgeniT, rodesac amirani aRdgeba, maSin bunebaSic<br />

areuloba moxdeba~. xalxi, romelmac misi Tqmuleba Seinaxa, imitomac<br />

ekideba TanagrZnobiT mijaWvul gmirs, rom igi masSi sakuTar Tavs –<br />

codvaTa sakrvelebiT dabmuls, xedavs da gaTavisuflebas elis. es<br />

monadire xalxis warmomadgenelia. ara mxolod monadirea pasuxismgebeli,<br />

aramed TiToeuli Cvengani pirovnulad monawileobs misi satanjvelis<br />

gaxangrZlivebaSi. amiranis sasjeli Cveni sasjelia. xalxis Tvalsazrisi<br />

dasjili amiranis bedze mkafiod Cans erT moxevur TqmulebaSi. rodesac<br />

gamarjvebebiT gabudayebulma amiranma qriste RmerTTanac Sejibreba<br />

moindoma, RmerTma is amisTvis myinvarwveris ferdobze miajaWvao. amiT<br />

undoda esargebla amiranis dauZinebel mters gveleSaps, myinvaris<br />

wveridan gadmococda da dabmul amirans SeWmas upirebda. magram misi es<br />

ganzraxva wm. giorgis gaugia da swrafad iqve gaCenila. wmindans gvele-<br />

SapisaTvis TiTis daqneviT uTqvams: `SeCerdi, amirani codvebis<br />

mosananieblad davabi da ara Sen gasaZRomado, mandve gaqvavdio~. am<br />

sityvebiT gveleSapi iqve gaqvavebula [makalaTia:242].<br />

vinc amas ambobs, mas ar gaumetebia amirani samudamo satanjvelisTvis,<br />

jojoxeTisTvis. es gveleSapi jojoxeTs atarebs Tavis TavSi,<br />

is modis, rom sabolood STanTqas amiranis sicocxle. magram amirani<br />

unda gadarCes da igi mismave sakuTarma Zalam unda gadaarCinos. Tumca<br />

misi mxsneli Zala ar iqneba fizikuri Zala, aramed Zala sinanulisa,<br />

raSic unda STainTqas misi urCoba da ampartavneba. eposis Semnaxveli<br />

xalxic ase fiqrobs. is ar gansjis amirans, mxolod elodeba mis<br />

moqcevas. is TanaugrZnobs mas, mis tanjvas, is ar gansjis, radgan<br />

`ukanaskneli sja mxolod RmerTs ekuTvnis, adamians ki arasodes ar<br />

SeuZlia gansajos RvTis qmnileba, rogorc sabolood daRupuli da<br />

amitomac unda uyvardes masSi xsnis potencia~ [berdiaevi:48]. amiranSi ki<br />

aris xsnis potencia, SesaZlebloba gaTavisuflebisa sakuTari<br />

Zalmomreobisagan.<br />

sasinanulod amirans micemuli aqvs vada. sasinanulo droJami mas<br />

ar warTmevia. es igrZnoba moxeur TqmulebaSi – misi azri saerTo<br />

suliskveTebis gamomxatvelia. xalxis sulma mSobliur landSaftSic ki –<br />

96

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