qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
XV. mijaWvuli amirani. amirani garidebulia kacobriobas. misi Tavdapirveli obloba absoluturi martoobis saxes iRebs. martoobis ganaCeni man Tavadve gamoutana Tavis Tavs, roca gabudayebis periodSi ganudga yvelas da, sabolood, yovlis pirvel mizezsa da dasabams aujanyda. ar arian mis gverdiT arc misi Zmebi da arc yamari. sad aris Semwe, mrCeveli da mosarCle? RmerTma dasaja da adamiani rogorRa gamoesarClos? aRarc metoqe, romelTanac kvlav gamocdida Zalas. ukanaskneli Zala, romelmac is miajaWva, klded aris aRmarTuli. axla is martoa Tavis TavTan, dasrulda epikuri dro da daiwyo egzistencialuri, misi sakuTari pirovnuli dro. am tyveobaSi mis garSemo Cndebian sruliad axali personaJebi. aq aris goSia, romelmac mTeli wlis manZilze unda lokos jaWvi, gawyvetamde miiyvanos igi, raTa mWedlebma kvlav gaamrTelon. es xdeba vnebis kviras, did xuTSabaTs, roca mWedlebi dilaadrianad ubrad grdemlze uros scemen TavTavianT samWedloebSi da maTi erToblivi ZalisxmeviT iq, gamoqvabulSi, jaWvi kvlav iWedeba. mTiuluri Tqmuleba amgvarad gadmogvcems amiranis jaWvTa yovelwliur ganaxlebas mWedlebis mier: `aRdgomis sami dRis win, did xuTSabaTs, mWedelma grdemls kveri unda dahkras, Toro amirani aiSvebs da mWedlebs emterebao. ramdenjerac kvers grdemlze dahkramen, imdens muSkias lokviT gaTxelebuli amiranis jaWvi gasqeldebao. amirani aq, mleTaSia dabmuli~ [kaiSauri:107]. aqvea Citi, romelic periodulad ajdeba palos, raTa amiranma palo, romelsac is aryevs mTeli wlis manZilze, Tavisda uneburad kvlav myarad CaaWedos kldeSi. paloze Semomjdar am ucxo, saidanRac Semofrenil frTosans wili udevs TiTqos ukve Tavdaxsnili amiranis xelmeored mijaWvaSi. amirani palos abrunebs miwis siRrmeSi. ras niSnavs es? risi niSania es Citi? imis xom ara, rom is jer kidev ar aris mzad gasaTavisufleblad? es uneburi TviTSeborkva xom ar aris gamoxatuleba im codvisa, romlisganac igi jer kidev ar gaTavisuflebula? an im absurdisa, romelSic sakuTar ZalaSi dajerebam Caagdo? igive Zala, romelic misi imedi da siamaye iyo, iqceva mis kvlav mimjaWvelad. es Zala xom mainc misi sakuTreba ar aris – es misi naTliis Zalaa, romelic mibarebuli hqonda mas. igive Zala ajaWvavs mas kvlav ganmeorebiT da ase iqneba, sanam amirani amas ar mixvdeba. goSia – miwis arseba – exmareba, Citi – cis arseba – xels uSlis. es imas xom ar niSnavs, rom ca jer kidev ar aris Tanaxma misi gaTavisuflebisa? ca kvlav gansacdels ugzavnis mas, kvlav elis misgan pasuxs. sijiutea, rom abrkolebs mis gaTavisuflebas. jer sijiute unda daiZlios. 94
XVI. gaTavisuflebis mcdelobani. Tanaxmad ramdenime variantad arsebuli Tqmulebisa, romelic SeiZleba amiranis eposis epilogad miviCnioT, is klde, sadac mijaWvulia gmiri, Svid weliwadSi erTxel iReba. ca kvlav aZlevs Sanss... erT-erTs am gaxsnaTagan Seeswreba erTi usaxelo mwyemsi, menaxire, mecxvare Tu monadire [arjevaniZe:95; Ciqovani 1947:335,338,346]. eposis dasawyisSi, mis prologSi, vxedavT monadires, romelmac ipovna bavSvi da ixsna daRupvisagan. epilogSi kvlav vxvdebiT monadires, romelsac amJamadac amiranis gadarCenis misia akisria. am monadirem amiranis davalebiT Sinidan (an samWedlodan) unda wamoiRos jaWvi (sakideli), romlis saSualebiTac amiranma Tavisken unda miizidos xmali, raTa gakveTos borkilebi. monadirem ubrad unda wamoiRos es sakideli – aravis gasces xma, aravis gamoepasuxos. mxolod aseT SemTxvevaSi eqneba warmateba mis mcdelobas. Cveulebriv, monadire yovelTvis icavs akrZalvebs sanadirod wasvlamde ramdenime dRiT adre. marxulobs, mdumarebs, ar ekareba cols. am akrZalvaTa Sesrulebazea damokidebuli misi warmateba nadirobisas. magram monadire ver daicavs dumilis aRTqmas. abezari coli daacdeninebs sityvas amiranis gamosaxsnelad mimaval qmars. monadire veRar miagnebs kldes da amiranis gaTavisuflebis saxsaric ispoba. monadire ver icavs dumils, mWedlebi ki icaven, roca ubrad scemen grdemlze uros, da maTi moqmedeba warmatebulia (gavixsenoT, rom arsebobs sakmaod gavrcelebuli cikli TqmulebaTa akrZalvis damrRvevi monadiris Sesaxeb). mWedeli icavs aRTqmas, monadire – arRvevs. es imas niSnavs, rom jer kidev Warbobs is tendenciebi, romlebic amiranis mijaWvis pirobebs qmnian. ras gveubneba xelmocaruli monadiris Tqmuleba? es Tqmuleba Citis epizodTan erTad gveubneba, rom amirans isev da isev fizikuri Zalis imedi aqvs: is cdilobs fizikuri ZaliT aiSvas Tavi – palo moaryios, xmali moizidos borkilTa gasakveTad. magram es borkilebi iseTi borkilebia, romlebic xmliT ar gaikveTeba. isini sxva Zalam unda axsnas. Tqmuleba kidev, da es mTavaria, gveubneba, rom sanam adamiani aseTia, rogorc is monadire, romelic arRvevs aRTqmas, manam amirani mijaWvuli iqneba. amirani swored imitom aris mijaWvuli, rom kacTa modgma ar aris srulyofili. amiranis mijaWvuloba adamianTa sisustiT aris ganpirobebuli. sanam arsebobs SesaZlebloba imisa, rom kacTa modgmaSi irRveodes aRTqma da fici, amiranic mijaWvuli iqneba da is verasodes daixsnis Tavs borkilebisgan. ras niSnavs es? es imas niSnavs, rom amirani codvili kacobriobis gansaxierebaa, rom is atarebs kacobriobis codvebs, Sekrulia am codvebiT. da Tu kacobriobaSi aRmoCndeba erTi wmida kaci, is erTic sakmarisi iqneba, rom amiransac daudges Tavisuflebis dRe – misi SeTxelebuli borkili sabolood gawydes, moryeuli paloc sabolood amovardes. 95
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XVI. gaTavisuflebis mcdelobani. Tanaxmad ramdenime variantad<br />
arsebuli Tqmulebisa, romelic SeiZleba amiranis eposis epilogad<br />
miviCnioT, is klde, sadac mijaWvulia gmiri, Svid weliwadSi erTxel iReba.<br />
ca kvlav aZlevs Sanss...<br />
erT-erTs am gaxsnaTagan Seeswreba erTi usaxelo mwyemsi, menaxire,<br />
mecxvare Tu monadire [arjevaniZe:95; Ciqovani 1947:335,338,346]. eposis<br />
dasawyisSi, mis prologSi, vxedavT monadires, romelmac ipovna bavSvi da<br />
ixsna daRupvisagan. epilogSi kvlav vxvdebiT monadires, romelsac<br />
amJamadac amiranis gadarCenis misia akisria. am monadirem amiranis<br />
davalebiT Sinidan (an samWedlodan) unda wamoiRos jaWvi (sakideli),<br />
romlis saSualebiTac amiranma Tavisken unda miizidos xmali, raTa<br />
gakveTos borkilebi. monadirem ubrad unda wamoiRos es sakideli –<br />
aravis gasces xma, aravis gamoepasuxos. mxolod aseT SemTxvevaSi eqneba<br />
warmateba mis mcdelobas. Cveulebriv, monadire yovelTvis icavs<br />
akrZalvebs sanadirod wasvlamde ramdenime dRiT adre. marxulobs,<br />
mdumarebs, ar ekareba cols. am akrZalvaTa Sesrulebazea damokidebuli<br />
misi warmateba nadirobisas.<br />
magram monadire ver daicavs dumilis aRTqmas. abezari coli<br />
daacdeninebs sityvas amiranis gamosaxsnelad mimaval qmars. monadire<br />
veRar miagnebs kldes da amiranis gaTavisuflebis saxsaric ispoba.<br />
monadire ver icavs dumils, mWedlebi ki icaven, roca ubrad scemen<br />
grdemlze uros, da maTi moqmedeba warmatebulia (gavixsenoT, rom<br />
arsebobs sakmaod gavrcelebuli cikli TqmulebaTa akrZalvis damrRvevi<br />
monadiris Sesaxeb). mWedeli icavs aRTqmas, monadire – arRvevs. es imas<br />
niSnavs, rom jer kidev Warbobs is tendenciebi, romlebic amiranis<br />
mijaWvis pirobebs qmnian.<br />
ras gveubneba xelmocaruli monadiris Tqmuleba? es Tqmuleba Citis<br />
epizodTan erTad gveubneba, rom amirans isev da isev fizikuri Zalis<br />
imedi aqvs: is cdilobs fizikuri ZaliT aiSvas Tavi – palo moaryios,<br />
xmali moizidos borkilTa gasakveTad. magram es borkilebi iseTi<br />
borkilebia, romlebic xmliT ar gaikveTeba. isini sxva Zalam unda axsnas.<br />
Tqmuleba kidev, da es mTavaria, gveubneba, rom sanam adamiani aseTia,<br />
rogorc is monadire, romelic arRvevs aRTqmas, manam amirani mijaWvuli<br />
iqneba. amirani swored imitom aris mijaWvuli, rom kacTa modgma ar aris<br />
srulyofili. amiranis mijaWvuloba adamianTa sisustiT aris<br />
ganpirobebuli. sanam arsebobs SesaZlebloba imisa, rom kacTa modgmaSi<br />
irRveodes aRTqma da fici, amiranic mijaWvuli iqneba da is verasodes<br />
daixsnis Tavs borkilebisgan. ras niSnavs es? es imas niSnavs, rom amirani<br />
codvili kacobriobis gansaxierebaa, rom is atarebs kacobriobis<br />
codvebs, Sekrulia am codvebiT. da Tu kacobriobaSi aRmoCndeba erTi<br />
wmida kaci, is erTic sakmarisi iqneba, rom amiransac daudges Tavisuflebis<br />
dRe – misi SeTxelebuli borkili sabolood gawydes, moryeuli<br />
paloc sabolood amovardes.<br />
95
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