qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

ixilveba. misi analizi gviCvenebs, rom qarTuli eposi ar misdevs im
models, romelic evropelma mkvlevrebma daudgines klasikur Tu
araklasikur Tqmulebebs. amirans sakuTari gza aqvs, sakuTari etapebi am
gzaze, romlebic Zerwaven mis ganumeorebel saxes, erTaderT tips, arc
erT zemoxsenebul gmirs rom ar enaTesaveba.
germaneli filosofosi, Tanamedrove hermenevtikis erT-erTi
fuZemdebeli, h.-g. gadameri erTgan wers: `mTeli unda gavigoT nawilis
safuZvelze, nawili ki _ mTelis safuZvelze... nawili ganisazRvreba
mTeliT da, Tavis mxriv, gansazRvravs mTels~ [gadameri:72]. am
gamonaTqvamSi TiTqos mankieri wrea, magram is WeSmaritebas gamoxatavs.
aseve vityviT `amiranianis~ epizodebze da im mTelze, im mTlianobaze,
romlis nawilebi es epizodebia. Cven SegviZlia gamovicnoT, romeli mTelis
nawilia esa Tu is epizodi, Tuki am mTelze gveqneba warmodgena.
mTelamde viciT nawili da nawilamde viciT mTeli. sabolood ki, Cvens
intuiciaSi mTeli da nawili erTianobaSia. ai, es epizodebi, romelTa
gareSe ver iarsebebs mTeli eposi.
I. Soba. amirani, rogorc yoveli epikuri gmiri, saswaulebrivad
unda iSvas. magram saswaulebrivi Soba yvela variantSi erTi da imave
xarisxiT ar aris aqtualizebuli. misi Sesustebuli varianti iqneba
bavSvis dabadeba xandazmuli mSoblebisgan. Tumca amgvari Soba ar
CaiTvleba sakuTriv amiraniseulad. mTavari mainc is aris, rom amiranis
mSoblebi ucnobni unda iyvnen im sazogadoebisaTvis, sadac igi moxvdeba
da gaizrdeba. arc deda, arc mama misi Sobis Semdeg cocxali ar rCeba;
mama Tu ar kvdeba, is uCinardeba, raTa Senaxul iqnas amiranis warmoSobis
saidumlo. mzeTunaxavi deda kvdeba, rogorc wesi, bavSvis dabadebamde.
bavSvi unda amoiridos dedis saSodan da monacvleobiT unda gamoiSuSos
cxovelTa: jer batknis, mere boColas faSvSi (kaxuri varianti) an
dekeulis da mere kuros faSvSi (svanuri), an axladmokluli irmis `nedl
tyavSi~ (guruli) [rexviaSvili:221]. SesaZloa, am epizodSi Zvel da e.w.
primitiul xalxebSi gavrcelebuli ritualis eqo iyos SemorCenili. mag.,
bantus tomSi bavSvebs winadacveTis win Cautareben rituals, romelsac
xelaxla Soba ewodeba. mama daklavs cxvars da sami dRis Semdeg
gamoaxvevs mis faSvSi an tyavSi. magram gamoxvevamde bavSvi unda wamodges
sawolze da axalSobiliviT unda iWyipinos. sami dRis manZilze is cxovelis
tyavSi imyofeba. amgvarad, bavSvi eziareba bunebis sasicocxlo
Zalebs, rac misi momavali Zlierebis sawindaria.
amiranis mama ufro xSirad monadirea, romelic amiranis dedas sadRac
miuval kldeSi, gamoqvabulSi xvdeba. SeiZleba gamoqvabuli koSkma
Secvalos, sadac mzeTunaxavia gamoketili. zogierT variantSi mamac
iRupeba am SeuRlebis Sedegad. es misi bedisweraa.
amiranis obloba struqturuli elementic aris mis istoriaSi.
obloba eposis dasasruls tragikulad meordeba martoobiT (XII) da
ase ikvris wre.
78