qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

erTi safexuriT amaRldes, saboloo gansruleba hpovos. sabolood,
Tavdapirveli Sinyofna Tvisobrivad gansxvavdeba meore Sinyofnisgan,
romelic zRapris sinTezur dasasruls warmoadgens.
zRapris problemas Seadgens 1) misi struqtura, 2) personaJTa raoba
(ara vinaoba), 3) mTavari gmiris svlebi, 4) misi asparezis dro da sivrce
(anu droJamul-sivrculi ganzomilebani) da, sabolood, 5) misi
ideologia anu sazrisi.
zRapris Seswavlis pirvel etapze mkvlevarni misi istoriuli
aspeqtiT interesdebodnen. wina planze iyo wamoweuli zRapris, rogorc
Janris, warmoSobis problema. (Sveduri skola, kroon da sxvani)
Tanamedrove etapze yuradReba misi struqturis Seswavlazea gadatanili.
problema mdgomareobs ara imaSi, Tu rogori iyo zRapris Tavdapirveli
saxe, rodis da sad, romel xalxSi, romel kulturaSi warmoiSva misi
arqetipi, ra cvlilebebi ganicada man drosa da sivrceSi. saeWvoa, odesme
gaeces am kiTxvebs damakmayofilebeli pasuxi. gamomdinare folkloris,
rogorc udamwerlobo kulturis, specifikidan, msgavsi istoriuli
xasiaTis kiTxvebi amao da, amdenad, gadauWrelia.
Cven ganvixiloT zRapris is saxe, rogoric man dRemde moitana da
arsebobs dRemde sxvadasxva xalxebSi. ra aris am saxis zRapris sazrisi?
ras acxadebs is an ras faravs Tavisi jadosnurobis safarvels iqiT?
sazrisis gamoCenamde gavecnoT mis struqturas. rusma folkloristma
vl. propma gasuli saukunis pirvel naxevarSi gamoaqveyna Tavisi
gamokvlevis Sedegebi saTauriT “zRapris morfologia” (1928), sadac 100
rusuli zRapris analizis safuZvelze Camoyalibebuli aqvs
fuZemdebluri daskvnebi, romlebic, mkvlevris azriT, igive darCeboda,
saanalizo zRaprebis ricxvi rom gazrdiliyo. Cveni mxriv, davZenT, rom
viTareba ar Seicvleboda, rusuli zRaprebis nacvlad qarTuli zRaprebi
rom yofiliyo gaanalizebuli. vl. propma amgvarad Camoayaliba ZiriTadi
debulebebi, romlebic yvela jadosnuri zRaprisTvis saerToa:
1) zRapris funqciaTa ricxvi gansazRvrulia,
2) funqciaTa Tanamimdevroba yvela zRaparSi ucvlelia,
3) yvela jadosnuri zRapari Tavisi wyobiT erTi tipisaa.
vl. propis gamokvleviT, funqciaTa ricxvi gansazRvrulia, is
Seadgens 31-s, rac SeiZleba sadao iyos, Tumca Tavad Tezisi
gansazRvrulobisa savsebiT misaRebia. ra aris funqcia zRaparSi?
vl. propis mixedviT, funqcia zRapris siuJetis iseTi erTeulia,
romelic Semdgom dayofas ar eqvemdebareba, is, SeiZleba iTqvas atomia.
funqcia, amave dros, ucvleli sididea. zRaparSi xSirad erTsa da imave
funqcias sxvadasxva personaJi asrulebs (“mefe Wabuks aZlevs cxens” _
“jadoqari glexis biWs aZlevs beWeds”). aq cvladia moqmedi piris
sazRapro vinaoba, ucvlelia moqmedeba, svla, rasac is asrulebs: gmiris
dasaCuqrebis, rogorc funqciis arsi, ar icvleba imisda mixedviT, Tu vin
aris misi subieqti (damsaCuqrebeli) an ra konkretuli gamoxatuleba aqvs
saCuqars (mfrinavi xaliCa iqneba is, faskunjis frTa Tu beWedi). mxolod
amrigad, zRapris personaJebi da sagnebi, ra sxvadasxvagvarnic ar unda
iyvnen isini, unda dajgufdes imisda mixedviT, Tu ra funqcias
asruleben, ras akeTeben mTavari gmirisTvis, ra misia akisriaT mis
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