qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

mudmiv molodinSia, zepirsityvierebaSi gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas
iZens sagmiro poezia. sagmiro leqsebi yovelTvis konkretul
SemTxvevebze da konkretul adamianebzea SeTxzuli, anu is garkveuli
ganzogadebis xarisxiT konkretuli yofidan aris amozrdili.
adamiani emsaxureba miwas, ibrZvis miwa-wylisTvis, dResaswaulobs,
miagebs pativs da Tavisi Sromis nayofebs uzenaes arsebas, romelsac is
Tavis mfarvelad miiCnevs _ es qmedebani, Tundac misi qorwilis CaTvliT,
sadac igi pirovnulad monawileobs, sazogadoebrivi mniSvnelobisaa.
aseve sazogadoebrivia misi msoflgancda, romelsac is sociumis saxeliT
gamoxatavs. es aris misi pirovnuli damokidebuleba garesamyarosa da
adamianisadmi, zogadad, wuTisoflisadmi. sociumis yofa, misi adgili am
sofelSi (rogorc viwro, ise farTo azriT), bedi Tu ubedoba, rac mas
Tavs atydeba, samarTali Tu usamarTloba, yvelaferi, rasac ganicdis
igi, e. w. filosofiur lirikaSi povebs gamoxatulebas. wuTisoflis
miseuli `analizi~ ganzogadebis did xarisxs andazaSi aRwevs, JanrSi,
romelic sityvierebisa da enis zRvarze arsebobs, Tumca is ufro enis
fenomenia, uSualod metyvelebaSi ibadeba da, amdenad, misi adgili
`yofierebis saxlSia~ (rogorc enas uwodebs m. haidegeri). ena andazis
meSveobiT azrovnebs, afasebs wuTisofels.
rogorc arsebobs werilobiTi istoria (matiane, qronika), aseve
arsebobs xalxuri zepirsityvieri istoria. radgan adamiani ar cxovrobs
mxolod awmyoTi, am warmavali wamebiT, romelTa amaoebas igi savsebiT
acnobierebs. warmavlobisa da amaoebis dasaZlevad zepir istoriaSi dro
SemWidroebulia imdenad, rom warsuli awmyoSi gadmodis da masTan
erTad erT mTlianobas qmnis. warsuli, SeiZleba iqvas, yofiTad
xelmisawvdomia, aqvea, radgan cixe-simagre, romelic warsulSi aigo,
ganagrZobs arsebobas da inaxavs mis mSenebelTa kvals. TqmulebaSi sami
sxvadasxva epoqis mefeebi erTmaneTis Tanadroulni arian da erTad
aSeneben eklesias. am Janrs ganekuTvneba legenda, Tqmuleba, miTologiuri
teqstebi, romlebic maradiuli warsul-awmyos xdomilebebs Seicaven.
folkloruli teqstebis masividan unda gamocalkevdes aRmosavleT
saqarTvelosTvis specifikuri andrezebi, romelTac am
sazogadoebebisTvis fuZemdebluri mniSvneloba aqvT. isini inaxaven
soflis Tu sagvareuloTa daarsebis Tqmulebebs, wes-CveulebaTa
pirvelad SemoRebis aqtebs (precedentebs), mTels rjuls, razec dgas
sazogadoeba.
gancalkevebiT dgas folklorul Janrebs Soris jadosnuri
zRapari, romelic arsad, dReisaTvis misi gavrcelebis areSi,
adgilobrivi warmoSobis ar aris. TiTqos mas yvelaze naklebad unda
hqondes kavSiri yofasTan, magram rogorc misi Sesrulebis tradicia
mowmobs, zRapars SeuZlia ritualis Tanmxlebi funqcia Seasrulos (mag.,
svanuri lifanalis ritualis dros). amasve mowmobs zogierT tradiciaSi
misi Sesrulebis SezRudva wlis (zamTarSi) an dRe-Ramis (daRamebisas)
garkveuli monakveTiT, rac, SesaZloa, misi ritualuri warmoSobis niSani
iyos.
hipoTeturia eposis, kerZod, `amiranianis~, funqcionaluri mxare _
hqonda Tu ara mas, sxva Janris nawarmoebTa msgavsad, yofiTi datvirTva.
27