qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
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ogorc erTi saerTo fuZe-enidan warmoiSvnen da gantotdnen dedamiwis<br />
zurgze indogermanuli (Semdgom indoevropulis saxelwodebiT)<br />
dialeqtebi, aseve erTiani <strong>folklori</strong>dan warmoiSva am enebze molaparake<br />
xalxebis sityviereba. dadgenili iqna bevri saerTo warmomavlobis<br />
siuJeti, motivi Tu miTologema. kerZod, Zmebi grimebi da sxva<br />
romantikosi <strong>folklori</strong>stebi fiqrobdnen, rom sxvadasxva indogermaneli<br />
xalxebis <strong>folklori</strong> _ zRaprebi Tu Tqmulebebi _ erTiani miTosis<br />
daSlis Sedegad warmoiSva. Tumca es Teoria dRes gaziarebuli aRar<br />
aris (zRapari zRaparia, miTosi _ miTosi da, Tumca maT saerTo motivebi<br />
aqvT, maTi warmoSoba da funqcia diametralurad gansxvavebulia). mainc<br />
man stimuli misca zRapris, miTosisa da sxva epiuri Janrebis Seswavlas.<br />
SeniSvna. amomwurav cnobebs evropuli <strong>folklori</strong>stikis istoriidan<br />
mkiTxveli ipovis kokiaras wignSi [kokiara 1960].<br />
mivxedoT saqarTvelos, ra mdgomareoba iyo am mxriv im qveyanaSi,<br />
romelic Zvelis nangrevebze axal kulturas aSenebda: axali ena, axali<br />
literatura da, bolos, axali eri. gansxvavebiT, dasavleT evropisa,<br />
saqarTveloSi xalxuri SemoqmedebiT daintereseba romantizms an<br />
romantikul ganwyobilebebs ar dakavSirebia. verc aleqsandre WasvWavaZis,<br />
verc grigol orbelianis, verc nikoloz baraTaSvilis SemoqmedebaSi ver<br />
aRmovaCenT raime kvals, romelic migvaniSnebda folklorTan kavSirze an<br />
mis interesze. SemkreblobiT saqmianobaze maTi mxriv xom zedmetia<br />
laparaki. arc erovnuli idea yofila stimuli imisaTvis, rom XIX s-is<br />
pirveli naxevris moRvaweebs xalxuri kulturisken gaexedaT, raTa<br />
sazrdo miecaT TavianTi SemoqmedebisTvis. qarTulma romantizmma gverdi<br />
auara xalxur stiqias, veraviTari gemo ver hpova masSi. am anomaliis (Tu<br />
es anomaliaa) axsnas aq ar SevudgebiT _ es Cveni kulturuli `politikis~<br />
Taviseburebaa.<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>folklori</strong>stikis saTaveebTan dganan ara romantikosebi,<br />
arc poetebi da mwerlebi, rogorc dasavleTSi, aramed iseTi eruditi<br />
(filosofosi, meistorie, RvTismetyveli, eTnografi...), rogoric iyo<br />
platon ioseliani (1809-1875), mravalmxrivi interesebis mecnieri, ruseTis<br />
akademiis wevri Teimuraz batoniSvili (1782-1846), mwerali Tu publicisti<br />
aleqsandre jambakur–orbeliani (1802-1869) _ maTi ricxvi, vinc sagangebod<br />
interesdeboda xalxuri SemoqmedebiT, Zalze SezRudulia., arc maTi<br />
<strong>folklori</strong>stuli memkvidreobaa uxvi. Teimuraz bagrationis arqivSi<br />
daculia `imeruli zRapari~ da `saero leqsebi~ (`saero~ aq, rogorc Cans,<br />
xalxurs niSnavs). es aris da es. platon ioselians darCa xelnawerebad<br />
`gamocanebi qarTulni~ da ~andazebi da gamocanebi~. rac Seexeba,<br />
aleqsandre orbelians, mas ekuTvnis pirveli cda xalxuri leqssimRerebis<br />
Janruli klasifikaciisa, rasac sagangebo narkvevi miuZRvna<br />
saTauriT `iverianelebis galoba, simRera, RiRini~, romelic T.<br />
jagodniSvilis TvalsazrisiT `<strong>qarTuli</strong> romantikuli <strong>folklori</strong>stikis<br />
yvelaze mniSvnelovani samecniero gamokvlevaa~ [jagodniSvili:326]. es<br />
marTlac asea, Tumca eWvs iwvevs sityva `yvelaze~, ramdenadac<br />
romantikosTa sxva gamokvleva, Tundac masze nakleb mniSvnelovanic ki<br />
CvenTvis ucnobia. magram namdvilad romantikulia al. orbelianis erTi<br />
fraza, romelis dRes gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria: `im uwindels Cvens<br />
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