qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze

`ese magaliTi ganiyofebian orad: magaliTad da andazad.
magaliTi ars ukve, romlisa saxe genebos, gina qmnuleba
saxlisa da karavTa, xatTa da yvavilTa da egeviTarTa.
xolo andaza samoselTa da sabuxarTa da xamlTa da
raodeni gamoikveTebian egeviTarni”. saba calke
ganmartavs: “saandazo _ andazad dasadebeli, samagaliTo _
saandazo”.
rogorc vxedavT, andazas Tavdapirvelad Targis mniSvneloba hqonia.
xolo ra aris Targi, Tu ara arqetipi, romlis mixedviT iqmneba
yvelaferi, iqneba es materialuri sagani ram Tu swavleba gina saqcieli?
andaza nivTieri Targis mniSvnelobidan adis sityvier-azrobrivi Targis
mniSvnelobamde. andaza, amrigad, misi Zveli semantikidan gamomdinare,
aris arqetipuli Tqma, erT winadadebaSi dawnexili codna (sibrZne).
sagulisxmoa, rom zogjer andaza anderZTan aris gaigivebuli.
magaliTad, akaki `baSi-aCukSi wers~: `aRar gaxsovT Zveli anderZi:
sircxvils sikvdili sjobs da orive erTad ki _ jojoxeTiao?” Uufro
adre arCil mefesTan vxvdebiT am gaigivebas: `asre daxvden orni Zmani,
viT mamisgan eandaza” (nacvlad mosalodneli eanderZa-si). anderZi
akakisTan andazis mniSvnelobiT da andaza arCilTan anderZis
mniSvnelobiT. Amas unda daematos samagaliTo striqoni
`didmouravianidan~:
“Cemi saqme dReis ukan andazad da xidad deviT”.
am striqonis mniSvneloba ufro metia, vidre is konteqsti, sadac
naTqvamia igi. Tavad striqoni gvauwyebs, Tu rogor ibadeba andaza, ufro
sworad, andrezi pirvelsaqcielidan, rogorc xidi, romlis wiaR
erTmaneTSi gadadian Taobebi. “andaza-xidi” mowodebulia warsulsa da
awmyos Soris kavSiris Sesakvrelad.
andaza unda Seicavdes iseT codnas, gamocdilebas, romelic
eRireba Sesanaxad da TaobebSi gadasacemad. aseTi Rirebulia swored
yoveli andazis Sinaarsi, am Rirebulebis ZaliT mimodis igi bagidan
bagemde, Taobidan Taobamde, xalxidan xalxamde, ganfenilia rogorc
qseli mTel kacobriobaSi. andazas narTaulad, Sefarulad,
igavurad moaqvs Cvenamde Tavisi saTqmeli. Tu anderZTan mas
tradiciuloba anaTesavebs, igavi gamoTqmis saSualebaze, xerxze
miuTiTebs. amitomac ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom igavebi ewodeba solomonis
mier Sekrebil gamonaTqvamebs, romlebic sxva araferia, Tu ara andazebi
(da asec aris Targmnili sxva enebze. Proverbs of Solomon, Die Sprüche Salomos,
Притчи Соломоновы da sxva).
andazis iseve, rogorc yoveli folkloruli teqstis, Seswavlas
sami mxare aqvs 1) formaluri anu morfologiur-struqturuli, 2)
Sinaarsobrivi da 3) funqciuri. Aamgvarad, andaza SeiZleba ganvixiloT
sam doneze: 1) teqstis doneze, 2) mniSvnelobis doneze, 3) gamoyenebis
doneze.
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