qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
struqtura miuxedavad spontanurobisa (an iqneb swored am mizeziT), xmiT natirals ara aqvs mkacri, kanonikuri struqtura. misi arqiteqtonikis agebaSi xmiT motirali sruliad Tavisufalia. mas SeuZlia daiwyos micvalebulis pirovnebis dasaxelebiT, misi sikvdilis garemoebis xsenebiT, sikvdilisadmi (`sikvdilo, Svili gagizarde”) an micvalebulisadmi mimarTviT (`gorgi, Sen xara TveleqaTio, mTaCi mxoceli jixvebisao”), dagvianebuli gafrTxilebiT (`geuben, guros nu mixolao”) an sayveduriT (`xomizurao, Sagenacvleo, me imas raad matyuebdio: magiol giorgiobasao”), momklavTa wyevla-krulviT da ex abrupto baladiseburad da sxva. igi arafriT ar aris SezRuduli. zogi xmiT natirali mTlianad eZRvneba sikvdilis garemoebis Tavisebur aRweras da SeiZleba baladadac ki miviCnioT. am mxriv, xmiT natirali Tavisufali Semoqmedebis nayofia. magram es ar niSnavs individualizmis srul gaqanebas am SemoqmedebiT procesSi. tradiciuli mxatvruli arsenali. bunebrivia, xmiT motirali, rogorc xalxuri poeti, iyenebdes tradiciul gamomsaxvelobiT xerxebs _ epiTetebs, Sedarebebs, alegoriebs, metonimiebs, gapirovnebebs, metaforebs, hiperbolebs, romlebic mogzauroben maTi wyalobiT xmiT natirlis teqstebidan teqstebamde da qmnian xmiT natirlis, rogorc Janris, erTian mxatvrul marags. SeiZleba imazec saubari, rom es maragi inarCunebs avtonomias saerTo-saxalxo poeziis konteqstSi. Cven mainc yuradRebas mivaqcevT mxolod natirlebisTvis damaxasiaTebel tropebs, romelTagan bevri mxatvruli azrovnebis Seudarebeli nimuSia. sazogadoebas ismenda, Cven ki SegviZlia wavikiTxoT amgvari tropebi: “xirimis bartyi” (tyvia), “miwis logini” (saflavi), “miwis samoseli” (saflavi), “cremlis Rilebi”, “cremlis Zafebi” (“samares piri gaukereT Cemi cremlebis ZafebiTa”). motirali mimarTavs Rames, romelic masaviT cremls Rvris, oRond misi cremlebi varskvlavebia (“varskvlavni cremlad dagiRvravis”), mimarTavs gaTenebas, romlis cremlebi cvar-namia (“cvar-nami cremlad dagiRvravis”)... datirebis wesi ras vgulisxmobT wesSi? vgulisxmobT imas, rom mkacrad aris reglamentirebuli, Tu vin visi xmiT motirali SeiZleba iyos. rogori wesia am mxriv xevsureTSi? deda ar SeiZleba iyos Svilis xmiT motirali, arc coli _ qmrisa. `Cveuleba sastikad ukrZalavs col-qmars, Svilebi anda erTi-erTmaneTi itiron~ [xizaniSvili::80]. ra Tqma unda, dedas an cols ar ASeiZleba ase kategoriulad aekrZalos Svilze an qmarze tirili _ es misi kerZo, intimuri saqmea, magram is mainc moerideba xmiT anu sityvebiT sajarod, yvelas gasagonad uaxloesi adamianis datirebas. principi aseTia: rac ufro axlobelia gardacvlili, miT ufro meti TavSekaveba marTebs Wirisufals. RviZli Svili da intimuri qmari (romlis saxelis xsenebac ki ekrZaleba cols) 220
axloblobis iseTi kategoriaa, romelTa sajarod xmiT datireba dauSvebelia. Tu moxda da mainc daitires, datirebas wesis darRvevisTvis win mobodiSeba uZRvis. `gitireb, damianis mzemao, agre miwas gasarevao, Sen SamaCvene sruyvelasao, diacma qmari dagitireo~ [qxp V:#190]. aseve bodiSobs qmari, romelic, raRac garemoebaTa gamo, iZulebuli xdeba, daitiros coli. maS, vin tiris vinmes Svils da vinmes qmars? yvela naTesavi, garda dedisa da qmrisa, da aranaTesavi profesionali xmiT motirali? qali tiris Tavis Zmaze da daze, siZeze, mamaze, biZebze, biZaSvilebze, nebismier naTesavze, oRond aramc da aramc Tavis Svilze da qmarze? TiTqos es Seuvali wesia xevsureTSi, magram tradicia mainc aseTi kategoriuli ar aris. Tu qmris datireba iSviaTi gamonaklisia, fSavSi da xevsureTSic mravlad SevxvdebiT dedisgan Svilis datirebas. xmiT natirlis saukeTeso nimuSebi swored Svilis datirebebia. gavecnobiT fSaur da xevsurul nimuSebs (fragmentebs). fSauri xevsuruli `...Cem Svils rad unda samoselnio, Coxa gaxadeT gadaugdeTo. miwis samoseli SeukereTo, sarCulad tiril daudeviTo. Rilad cremlebi daukereTo, samares pirio gaukereTo Cemi cremlebis ZafebiTao...~ [qxp V:#64]. `mzeo, dadeg da dagviandio, mze dgexar ukenobisao, viyrebiT dedaSvilobiTao, mamSvidobeben berdiasao~ [qxp V:#184]. `deda genacvlos, dedis qalao, axal talavar Caicvidio, e Tmani xuTad daiwnidio, suleT bibiniT iaridio, oblis oboli gazardidio, dedo, kalTaCi Caisvidio, ToxolCaT qal or, ikvexnidio~ [qxp V:#222]. `deda genacvlos, baWyurao, dedis ferao, tuntulao, uenarao, uTavgziao... sikvdilo, qrTamsamc aitandio, Tu aitandi, mogcem qrTamsao: ÃarT mogcem, qora jorelaTao, niSasa Sagikazmav cxensao, Ãmals mogcem CiqorTaulasao, qalT mogcem Zilasa, naTelasao, lelasa dagiyeneb winao, diacsa baWyuraisasao, 221
- Page 169 and 170: Sromis procesis winamZRoli da, alba
- Page 171 and 172: gegonebaT, mTeli sofeli qeifobso. a
- Page 173 and 174: [qxp X:426]. momkeli yovelTvis imar
- Page 175 and 176: aayena! isxa, isxa, isxa... gamoRma
- Page 177 and 178: `Tqveni WirimeT, matiralono, Cven d
- Page 179 and 180: celi galesa qasuriTa, meore namxrev
- Page 181 and 182: xundi gigorams giSrisa, ari aralo,
- Page 183 and 184: is, rac man sicocxlis wil moipova,
- Page 185 and 186: kaimoymeoba, rac Tavad moymisTvis d
- Page 187 and 188: amtvrevs kbiliTa”). magram sul ma
- Page 189 and 190: `axiels TeTrsa cixesa Cardaxi Camos
- Page 191 and 192: Sua gzas SamaaRamda, dron iyvnen Su
- Page 193 and 194: amdenadme gansxvavebulia sxva sagmi
- Page 195 and 196: es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi
- Page 197 and 198: SauZaxnebav xTisad: RmerTo, Sen nu
- Page 199 and 200: TiTqos unda gadmosces ganwiruli mon
- Page 201 and 202: Tqmulebis Tanaxmad, beTqilisa da ja
- Page 203 and 204: odesac folkloruli Janrebis yofiToba
- Page 205 and 206: omelsac araferi aqvs saerTo yofiT q
- Page 207 and 208: sazogadoebrivi Cumi kontroli im dau
- Page 209 and 210: dadasturebulia am fabulis uZvelesi
- Page 211 and 212: alada mecxvaris siyvarulze mravalmx
- Page 213 and 214: miemarTa misTvis: “netavi, qalo l
- Page 215 and 216: mTasa zeda sionsa~ (gam. 14:1), `es
- Page 217 and 218: oselaiZev...~), moxsenebuli, meoreS
- Page 219: micvalebulis win. STagonebis wyaro,
- Page 223 and 224: Soreuli molodiniT, rom Tavad maszec
- Page 225 and 226: moklulis pirovnebiT aris dakavebuli
- Page 227 and 228: dawyvilebulia es ori saqmianoba da
- Page 229 and 230: omlebic uqorwineblad gardaicvalnen.
- Page 231 and 232: ogorc enaSi arsebobs sinonimebi (Tu
- Page 233 and 234: moyvare-mteri, cxadi-dafaruli, Sene
- Page 235 and 236: puSkini. osianis italiuri Targmani
- Page 237 and 238: ogorc erTi saerTo fuZe-enidan warmo
- Page 239 and 240: mniSvneloba aqvs, rom rac dRes xalx
- Page 241 and 242: kokiara 1960: Коккьяра Дж
- Page 243 and 244: da mentaliteti? folkloris arsebobis
struqtura<br />
miuxedavad spontanurobisa (an iqneb swored am mizeziT), xmiT<br />
natirals ara aqvs mkacri, kanonikuri struqtura. misi arqiteqtonikis<br />
agebaSi xmiT motirali sruliad Tavisufalia. mas SeuZlia daiwyos<br />
micvalebulis pirovnebis dasaxelebiT, misi sikvdilis garemoebis<br />
xsenebiT, sikvdilisadmi (`sikvdilo, Svili gagizarde”) an<br />
micvalebulisadmi mimarTviT (`gorgi, Sen xara TveleqaTio, mTaCi<br />
mxoceli jixvebisao”), dagvianebuli gafrTxilebiT (`geuben, guros nu<br />
mixolao”) an sayveduriT (`xomizurao, Sagenacvleo, me imas raad<br />
matyuebdio: magiol giorgiobasao”), momklavTa wyevla-krulviT da ex<br />
abrupto baladiseburad da sxva. igi arafriT ar aris SezRuduli. zogi<br />
xmiT natirali mTlianad eZRvneba sikvdilis garemoebis Tavisebur<br />
aRweras da SeiZleba baladadac ki miviCnioT. am mxriv, xmiT natirali<br />
Tavisufali Semoqmedebis nayofia. magram es ar niSnavs individualizmis<br />
srul gaqanebas am SemoqmedebiT procesSi.<br />
tradiciuli mxatvruli arsenali.<br />
bunebrivia, xmiT motirali, rogorc xalxuri poeti, iyenebdes<br />
tradiciul gamomsaxvelobiT xerxebs _ epiTetebs, Sedarebebs,<br />
alegoriebs, metonimiebs, gapirovnebebs, metaforebs, hiperbolebs,<br />
romlebic mogzauroben maTi wyalobiT xmiT natirlis teqstebidan<br />
teqstebamde da qmnian xmiT natirlis, rogorc Janris, erTian mxatvrul<br />
marags. SeiZleba imazec saubari, rom es maragi inarCunebs avtonomias<br />
saerTo-saxalxo poeziis konteqstSi.<br />
Cven mainc yuradRebas mivaqcevT mxolod natirlebisTvis<br />
damaxasiaTebel tropebs, romelTagan bevri mxatvruli azrovnebis<br />
Seudarebeli nimuSia. sazogadoebas ismenda, Cven ki SegviZlia wavikiTxoT<br />
amgvari tropebi: “xirimis bartyi” (tyvia), “miwis logini” (saflavi), “miwis<br />
samoseli” (saflavi), “cremlis Rilebi”, “cremlis Zafebi” (“samares piri<br />
gaukereT Cemi cremlebis ZafebiTa”). motirali mimarTavs Rames, romelic<br />
masaviT cremls Rvris, oRond misi cremlebi varskvlavebia (“varskvlavni<br />
cremlad dagiRvravis”), mimarTavs gaTenebas, romlis cremlebi cvar-namia<br />
(“cvar-nami cremlad dagiRvravis”)...<br />
datirebis wesi<br />
ras vgulisxmobT wesSi? vgulisxmobT imas, rom mkacrad aris<br />
reglamentirebuli, Tu vin visi xmiT motirali SeiZleba iyos. rogori<br />
wesia am mxriv xevsureTSi? deda ar SeiZleba iyos Svilis xmiT<br />
motirali, arc coli _ qmrisa. `Cveuleba sastikad ukrZalavs col-qmars,<br />
Svilebi anda erTi-erTmaneTi itiron~ [xizaniSvili::80]. ra Tqma unda,<br />
dedas an cols ar ASeiZleba ase kategoriulad aekrZalos Svilze an<br />
qmarze tirili _ es misi kerZo, intimuri saqmea, magram is mainc<br />
moerideba xmiT anu sityvebiT sajarod, yvelas gasagonad uaxloesi<br />
adamianis datirebas. principi aseTia: rac ufro axlobelia<br />
gardacvlili, miT ufro meti TavSekaveba marTebs Wirisufals. RviZli<br />
Svili da intimuri qmari (romlis saxelis xsenebac ki ekrZaleba cols)<br />
220
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