qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
safexurs aRwevs, gadaizrdeba siSmageSi `ver mixvdomisa wyeniTa~. am daTmobam poeziis Sedevrs misca dasabami. xvaramze _ vina xar, vin iarebi, laRo mag laRis cxeniTa? Tavs rad ar Samaibruneb, yanas rad mamkev cremliTa? vaJika _ is gegonaa, qalao, guSin rom medidebodi! Sens dedasa da mamasa saklaviT vexvewebodi, kac-Suakaceb gigzavne, Txa-waleburad xtebodi. ise gagaxdev survilsa, nemss yunwiT aegebode. Cahqonde dilis niavsa, usulod CaelRvebode, pataras naris Citasa TvalSi fxad Caegdebode. xvaramze vercxlis Tasadamc maqcia, ro RviniT agevsebodi. daferili mqna wiTlada, Samsvamdi, Sagergebodi. ana mqna vercxlis saTiTe, ro xelze Cagedebodi. ana mqna oqros burTvai, kalTaSi CageSlebodi. an vercxlis fulad maqcia, jibeSi Cageyrebodi. an Seni namglis yana mqna, ro fxaze SageWrebodi. ana mqna vardi, yoili, ro pirze dageyrebodi. ana mqna mois perangi, rom gulze dagadnebodi. an Seni Zma mqna, mewile, arodis gageyrebodi. an Seni nandauri mqna, guls javrad CageWrebodi. Zalian dawuxebuli gzazedamc Sageyrebodi. [qxp VI:#217} magram xvaramzes arsebaSi erosi ganusazRvrelad ar batonobs, mas SeuZlia vaJis TvaliT Seafasos Tavisi mijnurobis siSmage, romelmac SeiZleba TavzexelaRebuli nabiji gadaadgmvinos. Tumca es virtualur drosa da sivrceSi xdeba: wuxel moida siskari, manaTobeli Ramisa, moida, dadga Cem Tana, mwunebel iyo qmarisa. mexvewna: gadamiyole, cxeni gyav niavqarisa. arc gavyev, arc gaviyole, _ anderZi monda mamisa _ ver vende _ ra gaigebis gulgavardnili qalisa. [xvaramze:22] SeniSvna. Tu qal-vaJis urTierToba, erTi mxriv, saqorwino kavSiris saxes iRebs, rac ijaxis Seqmnas, sameuneo-ekonomikur interesebs emsaxureba, meore mxriv, ori sqesis Tavisufal siyvarulsac aseve aqvs Tavisi gamoxatuleba instituciis saxiT, romelic sworfrobis saxeliT aris cnobili xevsureTSi, fSavSi ki mas wawloba ewodeba. marTalia, sworfruli siyvaruli mxolod wyvils exeba, maTi kerZo intimuri saqmea, masze mainc dawesebulia 206
sazogadoebrivi Cumi kontroli im dauwereli wesebis meSveobiT, romlebic awesrigebs sworfrebs Soris urTierTobas, raTa igi uwesobaSi ar gadaizrdos. sworfruli urTierTobis kodeqsi ara mxolod xorciel kavSirs gamoricxavs Sesworferebul qal-vaJs Soris, aramed erTmaneTTan daqorwinebasac krZalavs. sworfruli siyvaruli, rogorc wesi, wrfel grZnobebzea damyarebuli, rac colqmruli urTierTobisTvis aucilebeli ar aris. sworfroba ki amis gareSe SeuZlebelia. `mere ra, rom ar mogwons, _ eubnebian qals, romelsac ar moswons misTvis SerCeuli saqmro, _ gana sworferia, rom giyvardes. Tu mowoneba da siyvaruli ginda, adeqi da sworfer gaTxovdio...~ [sworfroba:33]. ras miugebs qali am ironiul winadadebaze? qalma icis, rom es SeuZlebelia, rom isini TiTqos erTi sisxlisani arian, erTmaneTis uxvedrelni, rogorc da-Zmani. sworfroba Tavisi SemzRudveli wesebiT inaxavs siyvaruls, ifaravs mas sqesis Zalmomreobisagan. `igi sxvaa, siZva sxva...~ advili SesaZlebelia, aq iyos abesalomisa da eTeris tragikuli urTierTobis saTave. roca xalxuri Tqmuleba ambobs, `abesalom da eTeri RmerTma Sehyara erTferio~, iqneb es erTferoba, Tu mas xevsuruli sworfrobis badlad CavTvliT, maT uxvedrelobas gulisxmobda da maT Soris wuTisoflis wesiT qorwinebas krZalavda. SesaZloa, xvaramzes uari sayvarel vaJikasTan daqorwinebaze am sworfruli motivebiT iyo ganpirobebuli. sayovelTaod cnobili balada `Semomeyara yivCaRi”, romlis variantTa rekorduli simravle (36 varianti) Tavmoyrilia qarTuli xalxuri poeziis IV tomSi [qxp IV:#197]. sagmirosa da satrfialos mijnazea. romeli Tematikaa am baladaSi ganmsazRvreli: sagmiro, raki igi mainc orTabrZoliT mTavrdeba? Tu samijnuro, raki qalia CarTuli am dramaSi? Tu Selaxuli RirsebisTvis samagieros mizRva? an iqneb stumar-maspinZlis wesi? arc erTi calke, yvelaferi erTad qmnis mis substancias. mainc amosavali grZnoba am leqsSi gamijnurebaa, romelmac sabediswero Sedegi gamoiwvia. mZime da Zneli gamodga akrZaluli siyvarulis safasuri. meore mxriv, am baladaSi qmars xelaxla uxdeba erTxel mopovebuli qalis mopoveba. amrigad, baladis ZiriTadi Tema mainc qalisTvis brZolaa. es aris tipuri balada, klasikuri ex abrupto dasawyisiT, “Semomeyara yivCaRi...” vis Semoeyara? vin aris es `me~, muxranis sazRvarTan purad damjdari? vin aris yivCaRad saxeldebuli es adamiani? ar aris aucilebeli masSi daviT aRmaSeneblis Camosaxlebuli eTniuri yivCaRi davinaxoT da amis safuZvelze davaTariRoT balada. yovel SemTxvevaSi, Zalze gaZneldeba misi daTariReba `yivCaRebis Camosaxlebis pirveli periodiT~ [Ciqovani 1956:337]. xom aris variantebi, sadac am moZalades sxva saxeli hqvia? xirCla, xirClas Ze, yibragi, jimSeri, gimSeli, jijibi, yaCaRi, qoroRli, sameba... balada gvxiblavs jer imiT, rom misi enobrivi qsovili warmoadgens saerToqarTuli poeturi enis _ koines brwyinvale realizacias. kidev dasawyisi striqonebis eTikuri (`mTxova da...~) da gramatikuli (vaWmie, vasmie) paradigmatulobiT; da kidev moTminebis zRvarze arcTu msubuqi iumoriT, iqneb sarkazmiTac sakuTari Tavisa Tu Camovardnili situaciis mimarT _ “coli mTxova da ver mivec, mimyavda 207
- Page 155 and 156: aris, rom oqros savarcxliT Tmas iva
- Page 157 and 158: `_ mariav, ras tiri, ras Civi, ras
- Page 159 and 160: “Semkulni” arian yvela im atrib
- Page 161 and 162: egresem iosi erivane da iona iosave
- Page 163 and 164: warmomTqmelic. Tuki arsebobs raime
- Page 165 and 166: a aris Sroma, Tu mas mxolod ekonomi
- Page 167 and 168: simRerebis fragmentebi an maTi ubra
- Page 169 and 170: Sromis procesis winamZRoli da, alba
- Page 171 and 172: gegonebaT, mTeli sofeli qeifobso. a
- Page 173 and 174: [qxp X:426]. momkeli yovelTvis imar
- Page 175 and 176: aayena! isxa, isxa, isxa... gamoRma
- Page 177 and 178: `Tqveni WirimeT, matiralono, Cven d
- Page 179 and 180: celi galesa qasuriTa, meore namxrev
- Page 181 and 182: xundi gigorams giSrisa, ari aralo,
- Page 183 and 184: is, rac man sicocxlis wil moipova,
- Page 185 and 186: kaimoymeoba, rac Tavad moymisTvis d
- Page 187 and 188: amtvrevs kbiliTa”). magram sul ma
- Page 189 and 190: `axiels TeTrsa cixesa Cardaxi Camos
- Page 191 and 192: Sua gzas SamaaRamda, dron iyvnen Su
- Page 193 and 194: amdenadme gansxvavebulia sxva sagmi
- Page 195 and 196: es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi
- Page 197 and 198: SauZaxnebav xTisad: RmerTo, Sen nu
- Page 199 and 200: TiTqos unda gadmosces ganwiruli mon
- Page 201 and 202: Tqmulebis Tanaxmad, beTqilisa da ja
- Page 203 and 204: odesac folkloruli Janrebis yofiToba
- Page 205: omelsac araferi aqvs saerTo yofiT q
- Page 209 and 210: dadasturebulia am fabulis uZvelesi
- Page 211 and 212: alada mecxvaris siyvarulze mravalmx
- Page 213 and 214: miemarTa misTvis: “netavi, qalo l
- Page 215 and 216: mTasa zeda sionsa~ (gam. 14:1), `es
- Page 217 and 218: oselaiZev...~), moxsenebuli, meoreS
- Page 219 and 220: micvalebulis win. STagonebis wyaro,
- Page 221 and 222: axloblobis iseTi kategoriaa, romelT
- Page 223 and 224: Soreuli molodiniT, rom Tavad maszec
- Page 225 and 226: moklulis pirovnebiT aris dakavebuli
- Page 227 and 228: dawyvilebulia es ori saqmianoba da
- Page 229 and 230: omlebic uqorwineblad gardaicvalnen.
- Page 231 and 232: ogorc enaSi arsebobs sinonimebi (Tu
- Page 233 and 234: moyvare-mteri, cxadi-dafaruli, Sene
- Page 235 and 236: puSkini. osianis italiuri Targmani
- Page 237 and 238: ogorc erTi saerTo fuZe-enidan warmo
- Page 239 and 240: mniSvneloba aqvs, rom rac dRes xalx
- Page 241 and 242: kokiara 1960: Коккьяра Дж
- Page 243 and 244: da mentaliteti? folkloris arsebobis
sazogadoebrivi Cumi kontroli im dauwereli wesebis meSveobiT, romlebic<br />
awesrigebs sworfrebs Soris urTierTobas, raTa igi uwesobaSi ar gadaizrdos.<br />
sworfruli urTierTobis kodeqsi ara mxolod xorciel kavSirs gamoricxavs<br />
Sesworferebul qal-vaJs Soris, aramed erTmaneTTan daqorwinebasac krZalavs.<br />
sworfruli siyvaruli, rogorc wesi, wrfel grZnobebzea damyarebuli, rac<br />
colqmruli urTierTobisTvis aucilebeli ar aris. sworfroba ki amis gareSe<br />
SeuZlebelia. `mere ra, rom ar mogwons, _ eubnebian qals, romelsac ar moswons<br />
misTvis SerCeuli saqmro, _ gana sworferia, rom giyvardes. Tu mowoneba da<br />
siyvaruli ginda, adeqi da sworfer gaTxovdio...~ [sworfroba:33]. ras miugebs<br />
qali am ironiul winadadebaze? qalma icis, rom es SeuZlebelia, rom isini<br />
TiTqos erTi sisxlisani arian, erTmaneTis uxvedrelni, rogorc da-Zmani.<br />
sworfroba Tavisi SemzRudveli wesebiT inaxavs siyvaruls, ifaravs mas sqesis<br />
Zalmomreobisagan. `igi sxvaa, siZva sxva...~ advili SesaZlebelia, aq iyos<br />
abesalomisa da eTeris tragikuli urTierTobis saTave. roca xalxuri<br />
Tqmuleba ambobs, `abesalom da eTeri RmerTma Sehyara erTferio~, iqneb es<br />
erTferoba, Tu mas xevsuruli sworfrobis badlad CavTvliT, maT<br />
uxvedrelobas gulisxmobda da maT Soris wuTisoflis wesiT qorwinebas<br />
krZalavda.<br />
SesaZloa, xvaramzes uari sayvarel vaJikasTan daqorwinebaze am<br />
sworfruli motivebiT iyo ganpirobebuli.<br />
sayovelTaod cnobili balada `Semomeyara yivCaRi”, romlis<br />
variantTa rekorduli simravle (36 varianti) Tavmoyrilia <strong>qarTuli</strong><br />
xalxuri poeziis IV tomSi [qxp IV:#197]. sagmirosa da satrfialos<br />
mijnazea. romeli Tematikaa am baladaSi ganmsazRvreli: sagmiro, raki<br />
igi mainc orTabrZoliT mTavrdeba? Tu samijnuro, raki qalia CarTuli<br />
am dramaSi? Tu Selaxuli RirsebisTvis samagieros mizRva? an iqneb<br />
stumar-maspinZlis wesi? arc erTi calke, yvelaferi erTad qmnis mis<br />
substancias. mainc amosavali grZnoba am leqsSi gamijnurebaa, romelmac<br />
sabediswero Sedegi gamoiwvia. mZime da Zneli gamodga akrZaluli<br />
siyvarulis safasuri. meore mxriv, am baladaSi qmars xelaxla uxdeba<br />
erTxel mopovebuli qalis mopoveba. amrigad, baladis ZiriTadi Tema<br />
mainc qalisTvis brZolaa.<br />
es aris tipuri balada, klasikuri ex abrupto dasawyisiT, “Semomeyara<br />
yivCaRi...” vis Semoeyara? vin aris es `me~, muxranis sazRvarTan purad<br />
damjdari? vin aris yivCaRad saxeldebuli es adamiani? ar aris<br />
aucilebeli masSi daviT aRmaSeneblis Camosaxlebuli eTniuri yivCaRi<br />
davinaxoT da amis safuZvelze davaTariRoT balada. yovel SemTxvevaSi,<br />
Zalze gaZneldeba misi daTariReba `yivCaRebis Camosaxlebis pirveli<br />
periodiT~ [Ciqovani 1956:337]. xom aris variantebi, sadac am moZalades<br />
sxva saxeli hqvia? xirCla, xirClas Ze, yibragi, jimSeri, gimSeli, jijibi,<br />
yaCaRi, qoroRli, sameba...<br />
balada gvxiblavs jer imiT, rom misi enobrivi qsovili<br />
warmoadgens saerTo<strong>qarTuli</strong> poeturi enis _ koines brwyinvale<br />
realizacias. kidev dasawyisi striqonebis eTikuri (`mTxova da...~) da<br />
gramatikuli (vaWmie, vasmie) paradigmatulobiT; da kidev moTminebis<br />
zRvarze arcTu msubuqi iumoriT, iqneb sarkazmiTac sakuTari Tavisa Tu<br />
Camovardnili situaciis mimarT _ “coli mTxova da ver mivec, mimyavda<br />
207
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