qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
Rgav cisasa”) da mdevneli (“ganrisxebas Rgon xTisasa”). dros aqac iseTive elvis siswrafe aqvs, rogorc sxvagan, sadac baladis gmiri sikvdil-sicocxlis zRvars Suaa moqceuli. `TorRva Zagani~ TorRvas tragedia, romelic hubriszea agebuli, erTi baladis sivrciT ar Semoifargleba. is arc epiur JanrSi ar gadazrdila, ramdenadac eposi qarTuli folklorisTvis damaxasiaTebeli ar aris. aq ar vsaubrobT ToRvas istoriulobaze. am problemas sagangebod ganixilavs t. maxauri [maxauri:182-230] da, vfiqrob, damajerebel daskvnebamde midis. yovel SemTxvevaSi, istoriuli TorRvas pirovneba, rogoradac is werilobiT wyaroebsa da zepirsityvier gadmocemebSi Cans, savsebiT akmayofilebs am tipis baladis moTxovnebs. TorRvas Sesaxeb ramdenime baladuri teqstia Semonaxuli. erTi Tu mis warmoSobas gvamcnobs, meore misi hubrisis (gabudayebis) niSnebs da gamoxatulebas saqcielSi, mesame _ mis aRsasruls. am sami (Tu meti) teqstis ganlageba qronologiur xazze SeuZlebelia, radgan aq CamoTvlili epizodebi TiToeul maTgans msWvalavs. TiTqos TiToeuli maTgani dasrulebuli damoukidebeli baladaa, sxvadasxva kuTxiT rom gadmogvcems misi arsebobis tragedias. TiToeuli maRgani mTlianobaSi gvimxels TorRvas saxels mis bediswerasTan erTad. TorRvas jer Tavisi warmoSobiT da mere SobiT ori iseTi fundamenturi niSani aqvs, romelTagan erTic ki sakmarisi iqneboda mis gasabudayeblad. warmoSobiT is bagrationia, amdenad, nawiliani. mis beWebze “marjvniv mze werebuliyva, marcxniske _ mTvaris nalio”. mesame niSania nawilianobis mizeziT mopovebuli jaWvis perangi, “Zmobilis naCuqari” (es Zmobili xan qajebi arian, xan veSapia), raSic misi nawilianobaa ganivTebuli da, sanam igi mas axlavs, mtris isrisa Tu tyviisagan saimedod aris daculi. SeniSvna: italiel misionerTa gadmocemiT, imereTis mefeebs _ aleqsandre III-s, bagrats dabadebidanve zurgis orive mxares jvari hqoniaT gamosaxuli [judiCi: 131; kasteli:75,76]. TorRva damatebiT begaras uwesebs fSavlebs (“mSavleb, umateT begarsa”): TiTo cxvars da TiTo nacrian tomaras (zamTarSi sanadiro gzebis gasamSraleblad), da kidev “sakargymoT” arwivis frTas (isris kudisTvis). es TiTqos araferia, magram uaznauro fSavlebis moTminebis fiala ivseba da TorRva misTvis moulodnelad, naavadari ConTas xeliT ecema. _ “vinc Sen eg mogces, TorRvao, mama wauwydes mkvdario! amaiwvada ConTama isari mWvartlianio: _ samjer mamixve, TorRvao, sami dagikal cxvario, meoTxed mosuls dagikal TeTri qorai xario. gizave d’ ver dagizave, bagrationi xario. gulsa xkra, suksa uwia, daeca Zagnis gvario...” [SaniZe 1931:44; qxp IV:#222] 194
es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi Surs iZiebs gabudayebulze, rogorc Cveulebriv xdeba legendebSi da yofaSi. magram mis aseT aRsasruls “metafizikuri” planic axlavs: gabudayebis kulminaciaSi TorRvas stovebs nawili. iorSi “amaCqvefisas” ucxom Tvali mohkra (“vin uga Tvalio”) mis SiSvel beWebze nawilis niSnebs, romelTa arseboba, dedis garda, aravis ar unda scodnoda, da “Zmobilis naCuqari” jadosnuri jaWvis perangic stovebs mas. _ “jaWvi ra uyav, TorRvao, qajebis naCuqario? _ ielovanze gavwire, gacurda, rogorc wyalio”. cocxali gmiri iTqva, rom cocxali gmiri winaaRmdegobis Semcveli cnebaa im mizeziT, rom saxeli _ gmirobis niSani, ZiriTadad da rogorc wesi, brZolaSi sikvdils moaqvs. amitom ambobs ivaneuri: `an movklav, an me movkvdebi, cocxalm ar unda viaro!~ gadarCenil kaiymas saxelis mopovebis naklebi Sansi aqvs. magram sagmiro poeziam icis sagmiro baladisgan gansxvavebuli teqstebi, sadac saxeldebiT Seqebulia konkretuli moyme. qebani ar aris stereotipuli. moymeobis poezias moymis sikeTis gadmocema-gamoxatvis mravalferovani saSualebebi aqvs. gavecnoT zogierT maTgans. “ar vici xando-WarTali, gudamayari sad ari. mTiuleTs gamigonia Tormeti cixe magari. samxreTiT wamogveweva veSagurT cxeni saRari, zeda zis mameswarai, welze artyia xanjali. aragvis piras SamoCnda, gaminaxevra laSqari, dabrunda, wyalze garecxa omSi naxmari far-xmali” [xalxuri poezia 1992:#89]. erTaderTi, rac mameswara veSaguris saxelovan gamarjvebas gvamcnobs, es orad-ori sityvaa: `gaminaxevra laSqari~, sxva danarCeni mxolod fons uqmnis mas. ~Tormeti cixe magari~ mis saxels emsaxureba, rogorc misi gmirobis Tanadi. cxeni, xanjari, far-xmali _ moymis es aqsesuarebi inkrustaciebiviT aris Casmuli am umoklesi leqsis mcire sivrceSi. dasaxeleba `veSagurT cxeni~ ukve mowmobs am cxenis saxelze, romelic isev da isev misi mxedris saxels emsaxureba, rogorc misi moymeobis Sesatyvisi. xolo brZolis dasasruli apoTeozis nacvlad sruliad yofiTi saqmianobiT aris gamoxatuli, rac imis mimaniSnebelia, rom garecxili far-xmali axali brZolis molodinSi iqneba. ai, kidev leqsi, romelic fragmentis STabeWdilebas stovebs, magram aramc da aramc fragmenti ar aris _ igi damoukidebeli samstriqonedia: `meSvela milxauris Ze, niavo gergetisao, kivkav darbazis gamtexo, momtano sirmaisao, Tormetis SurismZebnelo, Ãelad momyvano tyvisao~ [Tsufa 24441]. 195
- Page 143 and 144: mekvleTa, doRis dalocvisas; jvarSi
- Page 145 and 146: xucesis, rogorc Suamavlis roli, kar
- Page 147 and 148: kuretni. maSin mqond Zali-d’ SaZl
- Page 149 and 150: medges loginni CardaxSiao. abuleTau
- Page 151 and 152: calke qmedeba _ aseTia Selocvis pri
- Page 153 and 154: abaia Taba Tabaia ieso da lasaria
- Page 155 and 156: aris, rom oqros savarcxliT Tmas iva
- Page 157 and 158: `_ mariav, ras tiri, ras Civi, ras
- Page 159 and 160: “Semkulni” arian yvela im atrib
- Page 161 and 162: egresem iosi erivane da iona iosave
- Page 163 and 164: warmomTqmelic. Tuki arsebobs raime
- Page 165 and 166: a aris Sroma, Tu mas mxolod ekonomi
- Page 167 and 168: simRerebis fragmentebi an maTi ubra
- Page 169 and 170: Sromis procesis winamZRoli da, alba
- Page 171 and 172: gegonebaT, mTeli sofeli qeifobso. a
- Page 173 and 174: [qxp X:426]. momkeli yovelTvis imar
- Page 175 and 176: aayena! isxa, isxa, isxa... gamoRma
- Page 177 and 178: `Tqveni WirimeT, matiralono, Cven d
- Page 179 and 180: celi galesa qasuriTa, meore namxrev
- Page 181 and 182: xundi gigorams giSrisa, ari aralo,
- Page 183 and 184: is, rac man sicocxlis wil moipova,
- Page 185 and 186: kaimoymeoba, rac Tavad moymisTvis d
- Page 187 and 188: amtvrevs kbiliTa”). magram sul ma
- Page 189 and 190: `axiels TeTrsa cixesa Cardaxi Camos
- Page 191 and 192: Sua gzas SamaaRamda, dron iyvnen Su
- Page 193: amdenadme gansxvavebulia sxva sagmi
- Page 197 and 198: SauZaxnebav xTisad: RmerTo, Sen nu
- Page 199 and 200: TiTqos unda gadmosces ganwiruli mon
- Page 201 and 202: Tqmulebis Tanaxmad, beTqilisa da ja
- Page 203 and 204: odesac folkloruli Janrebis yofiToba
- Page 205 and 206: omelsac araferi aqvs saerTo yofiT q
- Page 207 and 208: sazogadoebrivi Cumi kontroli im dau
- Page 209 and 210: dadasturebulia am fabulis uZvelesi
- Page 211 and 212: alada mecxvaris siyvarulze mravalmx
- Page 213 and 214: miemarTa misTvis: “netavi, qalo l
- Page 215 and 216: mTasa zeda sionsa~ (gam. 14:1), `es
- Page 217 and 218: oselaiZev...~), moxsenebuli, meoreS
- Page 219 and 220: micvalebulis win. STagonebis wyaro,
- Page 221 and 222: axloblobis iseTi kategoriaa, romelT
- Page 223 and 224: Soreuli molodiniT, rom Tavad maszec
- Page 225 and 226: moklulis pirovnebiT aris dakavebuli
- Page 227 and 228: dawyvilebulia es ori saqmianoba da
- Page 229 and 230: omlebic uqorwineblad gardaicvalnen.
- Page 231 and 232: ogorc enaSi arsebobs sinonimebi (Tu
- Page 233 and 234: moyvare-mteri, cxadi-dafaruli, Sene
- Page 235 and 236: puSkini. osianis italiuri Targmani
- Page 237 and 238: ogorc erTi saerTo fuZe-enidan warmo
- Page 239 and 240: mniSvneloba aqvs, rom rac dRes xalx
- Page 241 and 242: kokiara 1960: Коккьяра Дж
- Page 243 and 244: da mentaliteti? folkloris arsebobis
es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi Surs iZiebs gabudayebulze,<br />
rogorc Cveulebriv xdeba legendebSi da yofaSi. magram mis aseT<br />
aRsasruls “metafizikuri” planic axlavs: gabudayebis kulminaciaSi<br />
TorRvas stovebs nawili. iorSi “amaCqvefisas” ucxom Tvali mohkra (“vin<br />
uga Tvalio”) mis SiSvel beWebze nawilis niSnebs, romelTa arseboba,<br />
dedis garda, aravis ar unda scodnoda, da “Zmobilis naCuqari”<br />
jadosnuri jaWvis perangic stovebs mas.<br />
_ “jaWvi ra uyav, TorRvao, qajebis naCuqario?<br />
_ ielovanze gavwire, gacurda, rogorc wyalio”.<br />
cocxali gmiri<br />
iTqva, rom cocxali gmiri winaaRmdegobis Semcveli cnebaa im<br />
mizeziT, rom saxeli _ gmirobis niSani, ZiriTadad da rogorc wesi,<br />
brZolaSi sikvdils moaqvs. amitom ambobs ivaneuri: `an movklav, an me<br />
movkvdebi, cocxalm ar unda viaro!~ gadarCenil kaiymas saxelis<br />
mopovebis naklebi Sansi aqvs. magram sagmiro poeziam icis sagmiro<br />
baladisgan gansxvavebuli teqstebi, sadac saxeldebiT Seqebulia<br />
konkretuli moyme. qebani ar aris stereotipuli. moymeobis poezias<br />
moymis sikeTis gadmocema-gamoxatvis mravalferovani saSualebebi aqvs.<br />
gavecnoT zogierT maTgans.<br />
“ar vici xando-WarTali, gudamayari sad ari.<br />
mTiuleTs gamigonia Tormeti cixe magari.<br />
samxreTiT wamogveweva veSagurT cxeni saRari,<br />
zeda zis mameswarai, welze artyia xanjali.<br />
aragvis piras SamoCnda, gaminaxevra laSqari,<br />
dabrunda, wyalze garecxa omSi naxmari far-xmali”<br />
[xalxuri poezia 1992:#89].<br />
erTaderTi, rac mameswara veSaguris saxelovan gamarjvebas gvamcnobs, es<br />
orad-ori sityvaa: `gaminaxevra laSqari~, sxva danarCeni mxolod fons<br />
uqmnis mas. ~Tormeti cixe magari~ mis saxels emsaxureba, rogorc misi<br />
gmirobis Tanadi. cxeni, xanjari, far-xmali _ moymis es aqsesuarebi<br />
inkrustaciebiviT aris Casmuli am umoklesi leqsis mcire sivrceSi.<br />
dasaxeleba `veSagurT cxeni~ ukve mowmobs am cxenis saxelze, romelic<br />
isev da isev misi mxedris saxels emsaxureba, rogorc misi moymeobis<br />
Sesatyvisi. xolo brZolis dasasruli apoTeozis nacvlad sruliad<br />
yofiTi saqmianobiT aris gamoxatuli, rac imis mimaniSnebelia, rom<br />
garecxili far-xmali axali brZolis molodinSi iqneba.<br />
ai, kidev leqsi, romelic fragmentis STabeWdilebas stovebs, magram<br />
aramc da aramc fragmenti ar aris _ igi damoukidebeli samstriqonedia:<br />
`meSvela milxauris Ze, niavo gergetisao,<br />
kivkav darbazis gamtexo, momtano sirmaisao,<br />
Tormetis SurismZebnelo, Ãelad momyvano tyvisao~<br />
[Tsufa 24441].<br />
195
Change language