qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
mteri mamadga karzeda, iq unda gagaprialo! an movklav, an me movkvdebi, cocxalm ar unda viaro~ [qxp: #97]. amis mTqmels SeeZlo ase eTqva: “Jami Cemia”. am ukanmouqcevel gzaze raime Seferxeba iseTive damaRonebeli da sasircxvilo iqneboda misTvis misive Tavis winaSe, rogorc fxovelisTvis SavwyalTan amaod dgoma im Svidstriqonian baladaSi. es sanatreli Jamis gaSveba da samrcxvino xelmocarva iqneboda. `sircxvil as sikvdil“, ambobs kai yma. magram rogori sikvdili? saxlSi sarecelze sikvdilia sircxvili. es namdvili tragediaa, imdenad mZime, rom misi Semcveli simRere sanTliT saZebaria. Tuki ipoveba, misi gamgrZelebelni cdiloben gamarTleba moupovon amgvar aRsasruls. sanam am tipis, SeiZleba erTaderT, baladas ganvixilavde, erT damaxasiaTebel ambavs movitan skandinaviel kaiymaTa cxovrebidan: roca starkidi daberda da TiTqmis dabrmavda, sulmudam imaze fiqri awuxebda, rom sawolSi ar momkvdariyo. raki mxolod brZolaSi dacemulTa xvedria valhala, “Calaze sikvdili” ki _ saZraxisi, sxva ra darCenoda starkids, Tu ara kiserze Camoekida oqroTi savse qisa, mkvlelis mizidvis mizniT, da gasuliyo gareT. sabolood man Tavi moakvlevina paters, romlis mama mas hyavda mokluli [gureviCi:23]. verafers vityvi, momxdara Tu ara aseTi SemTxveva kai ymaTa cxovrebaSi, magram is perspeqtiva, romelic skandinaviel starkids eloda, “zen bacaligos” simRereSi faqtia. ai, es umoklesi balada: `zen bacaligos Tovsa Tovs, qven bacaligos Srebisa, TinibeqaurT cixesa kuTxi marjvena sqdebisa. Tavsa zis Savi yorani, libuSi gveli Zvrebisa, Siga wevs Tinibeqai, gulsuwadinod kvdebisa...~ [qxp IV:#375-g] ras niSnavs aq “gulsuwadinod”? imas xom ara, rom Tinibeqas saerTod ar surs sikvdili? ra Tqma unda, ara. gulsuwadinod aq erTaderT rasme unda niSnavdes: cixeSi, Tavis SinaSi, sikvdili ar surs Tinibeqas. misi wadili velfze sikvdili iqneboda. magram is sarecelze kvdeba. erT-erTi variantis “uziareblad kvdebao” Sorsmimaval fiqrs da varauds aRgviZravs, Tu gavixsenebT fragments e.w. sagmiro-samgloviaro leqsidan: “omSi moklulsa vaJkacsa rad unda ziarebao“? es asea, magram Tu Tinibeqa uziareblad kvdeba, iqneb amiT is aris naTqvami, rom igi brZolis velidan sasikvdilod daWrili ar dabrunebula? radgan brZolaSi sisxlis gaReba ziarebis tolfasia (gavixsenoT sisxliT naTlisReba). gana SemTxveviTia, rom ivaneuris aRsasruls baladis erT variantSi msxverplSewirvis saxe aqvs: “mauqnevs xoSurauli, gaagdebinebs Tavsao, Tavs masWris batkaniviTa, Sahrevs jvar-jvaris karsao”? ramdeni wlis sicocxles gaiRebda Tinibeqa, rom Suqiauris gamouval mdgomareobaSi aRmoCeniliyo. am leqsSi xom Suqiauri Tavisi amgvari aRsasruliT saxelis saufloSi gadadis: 188
`axiels TeTrsa cixesa Cardaxi Camosdisao, Siga zis Suqiauri, Tavs cecxli gadasdisao, Suqiauris Ãirimi gulmwuxrad gamodisao...~ [qxp IV:#233] aq erTaderTi sityva “gulmwuxrad” yvelafers ambobs. “zen bacaligos” ori gagrZeleba aqvs. erTSi mocemuli cda Tinibeqais sikvdilis mizezis garkvevisa, radgan autanelia, rogorc vTqviT, Sin sikvdili, rasac veraferi gamoasworebs. variantSi cixeSi momakvdavs kvirika qvia saxelad da igi jixvebis devnas Seuwiravs, rac SeiZleboda brZolaSi dacemis analogiur aRsasrulad mieCnia romelime mTqmels. “jixvebs nu Casdev, kvirikav,...” ase iwyeba “bacaligos” gasagrZeleblad gamoyenebuli leqsi, romlis damoukidebeli warmoSoba udaoa, magram is kontaminaciurad Seezarda “gulsuwadinod” momakvdavi Tinibeqas leqss. mas, rogorc daRupuli monadiris ciklis damoukidebel baladas (ix. “jarji”), umjobesia, adgili samonadiro poeziaSi mivuCinoT. “zen bacaligos” aqvs meore, ufro bunebrivi gagrZeleba, sadac gardacvalebuls saTiTaod dastirian axloblebi: ded-mama, `Tinibeqais dedai, sawyal, sanTlebur dnebisa, Tinibeqais diaci dedaSi aRar jdebisa, gaoxrebuli lurjai samburSi aRar dgebisa...~ [qxp IV:#375-g] axla gavecnoT variants, romelic moicavs moymis sikvdilze damwuxrebulTa maqsimalur Semadgenlobas: `deda utiris beCavsa, gulze aRara sTbebao, dai ki kvirikaisa faragiT ixoSebao, coli ki kvirikaisi sanTleburada dnebao, lurjai kvirikaisi samburCi aRar dgebao, mama ki kvirikaisi Tma-wveriT ixoSebao, franguli kvirikaisi qarqaSSi aRar dgebao~. [SaniZe 1931:#516-g]. Tumca es stereotipad qceuli datirebani met-naklebi saxecvlilebebiT SeiZleba nebismieri sagmiro baladis erTgvar daskvnad gamodges. klasikuria am mxriv xogais mindis dasasruli, romelic mis TiTqmis yvela variants axlavs: `cxeni imisi tiali lurja totebze dgeboda, coli imisi beCavi sul Savad imoseboda, dedas imisas sabralos tirils aRara hxdeboda, mama imisi sabralo Tma-wveriT ixoSeboda~. [qxp IV:#3]. 189
- Page 137 and 138: cixeSi Casves. ramdenime wlis Semde
- Page 139 and 140: kvla ar Camideniao. Tu mamiklavs, r
- Page 141 and 142: gilgameSiani: gilgameSiani, Zveli S
- Page 143 and 144: mekvleTa, doRis dalocvisas; jvarSi
- Page 145 and 146: xucesis, rogorc Suamavlis roli, kar
- Page 147 and 148: kuretni. maSin mqond Zali-d’ SaZl
- Page 149 and 150: medges loginni CardaxSiao. abuleTau
- Page 151 and 152: calke qmedeba _ aseTia Selocvis pri
- Page 153 and 154: abaia Taba Tabaia ieso da lasaria
- Page 155 and 156: aris, rom oqros savarcxliT Tmas iva
- Page 157 and 158: `_ mariav, ras tiri, ras Civi, ras
- Page 159 and 160: “Semkulni” arian yvela im atrib
- Page 161 and 162: egresem iosi erivane da iona iosave
- Page 163 and 164: warmomTqmelic. Tuki arsebobs raime
- Page 165 and 166: a aris Sroma, Tu mas mxolod ekonomi
- Page 167 and 168: simRerebis fragmentebi an maTi ubra
- Page 169 and 170: Sromis procesis winamZRoli da, alba
- Page 171 and 172: gegonebaT, mTeli sofeli qeifobso. a
- Page 173 and 174: [qxp X:426]. momkeli yovelTvis imar
- Page 175 and 176: aayena! isxa, isxa, isxa... gamoRma
- Page 177 and 178: `Tqveni WirimeT, matiralono, Cven d
- Page 179 and 180: celi galesa qasuriTa, meore namxrev
- Page 181 and 182: xundi gigorams giSrisa, ari aralo,
- Page 183 and 184: is, rac man sicocxlis wil moipova,
- Page 185 and 186: kaimoymeoba, rac Tavad moymisTvis d
- Page 187: amtvrevs kbiliTa”). magram sul ma
- Page 191 and 192: Sua gzas SamaaRamda, dron iyvnen Su
- Page 193 and 194: amdenadme gansxvavebulia sxva sagmi
- Page 195 and 196: es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi
- Page 197 and 198: SauZaxnebav xTisad: RmerTo, Sen nu
- Page 199 and 200: TiTqos unda gadmosces ganwiruli mon
- Page 201 and 202: Tqmulebis Tanaxmad, beTqilisa da ja
- Page 203 and 204: odesac folkloruli Janrebis yofiToba
- Page 205 and 206: omelsac araferi aqvs saerTo yofiT q
- Page 207 and 208: sazogadoebrivi Cumi kontroli im dau
- Page 209 and 210: dadasturebulia am fabulis uZvelesi
- Page 211 and 212: alada mecxvaris siyvarulze mravalmx
- Page 213 and 214: miemarTa misTvis: “netavi, qalo l
- Page 215 and 216: mTasa zeda sionsa~ (gam. 14:1), `es
- Page 217 and 218: oselaiZev...~), moxsenebuli, meoreS
- Page 219 and 220: micvalebulis win. STagonebis wyaro,
- Page 221 and 222: axloblobis iseTi kategoriaa, romelT
- Page 223 and 224: Soreuli molodiniT, rom Tavad maszec
- Page 225 and 226: moklulis pirovnebiT aris dakavebuli
- Page 227 and 228: dawyvilebulia es ori saqmianoba da
- Page 229 and 230: omlebic uqorwineblad gardaicvalnen.
- Page 231 and 232: ogorc enaSi arsebobs sinonimebi (Tu
- Page 233 and 234: moyvare-mteri, cxadi-dafaruli, Sene
- Page 235 and 236: puSkini. osianis italiuri Targmani
- Page 237 and 238: ogorc erTi saerTo fuZe-enidan warmo
mteri mamadga karzeda, iq unda gagaprialo!<br />
an movklav, an me movkvdebi, cocxalm ar unda viaro~<br />
[qxp: #97].<br />
amis mTqmels SeeZlo ase eTqva: “Jami Cemia”. am ukanmouqcevel gzaze raime<br />
Seferxeba iseTive damaRonebeli da sasircxvilo iqneboda misTvis misive<br />
Tavis winaSe, rogorc fxovelisTvis SavwyalTan amaod dgoma im<br />
Svidstriqonian baladaSi. es sanatreli Jamis gaSveba da samrcxvino<br />
xelmocarva iqneboda.<br />
`sircxvil as sikvdil“, ambobs kai yma. magram rogori sikvdili?<br />
saxlSi sarecelze sikvdilia sircxvili. es namdvili tragediaa, imdenad<br />
mZime, rom misi Semcveli simRere sanTliT saZebaria. Tuki ipoveba, misi<br />
gamgrZelebelni cdiloben gamarTleba moupovon amgvar aRsasruls.<br />
sanam am tipis, SeiZleba erTaderT, baladas ganvixilavde, erT<br />
damaxasiaTebel ambavs movitan skandinaviel kaiymaTa cxovrebidan: roca<br />
starkidi daberda da TiTqmis dabrmavda, sulmudam imaze fiqri awuxebda,<br />
rom sawolSi ar momkvdariyo. raki mxolod brZolaSi dacemulTa<br />
xvedria valhala, “Calaze sikvdili” ki _ saZraxisi, sxva ra darCenoda<br />
starkids, Tu ara kiserze Camoekida oqroTi savse qisa, mkvlelis<br />
mizidvis mizniT, da gasuliyo gareT. sabolood man Tavi moakvlevina<br />
paters, romlis mama mas hyavda mokluli [gureviCi:23].<br />
verafers vityvi, momxdara Tu ara aseTi SemTxveva kai ymaTa<br />
cxovrebaSi, magram is perspeqtiva, romelic skandinaviel starkids<br />
eloda, “zen bacaligos” simRereSi faqtia. ai, es umoklesi balada:<br />
`zen bacaligos Tovsa Tovs, qven bacaligos Srebisa,<br />
TinibeqaurT cixesa kuTxi marjvena sqdebisa.<br />
Tavsa zis Savi yorani, libuSi gveli Zvrebisa,<br />
Siga wevs Tinibeqai, gulsuwadinod kvdebisa...~<br />
[qxp IV:#375-g]<br />
ras niSnavs aq “gulsuwadinod”? imas xom ara, rom Tinibeqas<br />
saerTod ar surs sikvdili? ra Tqma unda, ara. gulsuwadinod aq<br />
erTaderT rasme unda niSnavdes: cixeSi, Tavis SinaSi, sikvdili ar surs<br />
Tinibeqas. misi wadili velfze sikvdili iqneboda. magram is sarecelze<br />
kvdeba. erT-erTi variantis “uziareblad kvdebao” Sorsmimaval fiqrs da<br />
varauds aRgviZravs, Tu gavixsenebT fragments e.w. sagmiro-samgloviaro<br />
leqsidan: “omSi moklulsa vaJkacsa rad unda ziarebao“? es asea, magram<br />
Tu Tinibeqa uziareblad kvdeba, iqneb amiT is aris naTqvami, rom igi<br />
brZolis velidan sasikvdilod daWrili ar dabrunebula? radgan<br />
brZolaSi sisxlis gaReba ziarebis tolfasia (gavixsenoT sisxliT<br />
naTlisReba). gana SemTxveviTia, rom ivaneuris aRsasruls baladis erT<br />
variantSi msxverplSewirvis saxe aqvs: “mauqnevs xoSurauli, gaagdebinebs<br />
Tavsao, Tavs masWris batkaniviTa, Sahrevs jvar-jvaris karsao”?<br />
ramdeni wlis sicocxles gaiRebda Tinibeqa, rom Suqiauris<br />
gamouval mdgomareobaSi aRmoCeniliyo. am leqsSi xom Suqiauri Tavisi<br />
amgvari aRsasruliT saxelis saufloSi gadadis:<br />
188
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