qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
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mowesrigebisaken. <strong>folklori</strong>s Janruli sistema, yofidan amozrdili,<br />
Tavad zemoqmedebs yofaze, struqtura da sazrisi Seaqvs yofaSi.<br />
amasTanave, yofis gareSe folkloruli Semoqmedeba kargavs Tavis<br />
funqcias, romelsac is Janris farglebSi asrulebs. folkloruli<br />
Semoqmedebis Rirebuleba mxolod yofaSia da misi ZaliT Tavad yofa<br />
iZens Rirebulebas. imdenad mWidroa urTierToba Janrsa da yofas Soris,<br />
rom SesaZlebeli xdeba <strong>folklori</strong>s Janrobrivi Sedgenilobis mixedviT<br />
sazogadoebis yofis struqturaze, wesrigze msjeloba.<br />
yofiTobas kidev erTi aspeqti aqvs: folkloruli Semoqmedeba<br />
`naturaluri meurneobis~ principiT arsebobs da funqcionirebs. `xalxma<br />
Seqmna Janrebis iseTi mravalferovneba, rogoric literaturas arasodes<br />
gaaCnda~ [emelianovi:101]. sofeli, Tu aviRebT sofels, rogorc TviTkmar<br />
erTeuls, romelic Tavisi sakuTari bunebrivi resursebiT sazrdoobs<br />
(aqvs sakuTari savargulebi, saZovrebi, tye, wyaroebi da sxva), aseve<br />
Tavisi sakuTari ZalebiT ikmayofilebs inteleqtualur moTxovnilebebs.<br />
mis mentalobaSi araferia iseTi, rasac safuZveli soflis yofaSi ara<br />
aqvs. Tu sofels hyavs Tavisi sakuTari mWedeli an durgali, aseve hyavs<br />
Tavisi sakuTari mTqmeli, romelic inaxavs da gadascems zepirsityvier<br />
teqstebs. soflis zepirsityvieri `fondi~ daculia mis mexsierebaSi.<br />
Teoriulad SeiZleba gvefiqra, rom garedan, sxva soflidan, am sofels<br />
arafris Semotana ar uxdeba. magram sofeli ar aris imgvarad Caketili,<br />
rom srulebiT Tavisufali iyos gavlenebisgan an ar hqondes garedan<br />
Semosuli xmebisTvis yuris dagdebis moTxovnileba. oRond ucxo Temebi<br />
Tu siuJetebi soflis `qvabSi~, yofaSi, imgvarad gadaixarSeba, rom ukve<br />
soflis sakuTreba xdeba. yovelTvis arsebobdnen soflidan soflad<br />
moaruli profesionali mTqmelebi, romelTa naTqvamebi (leqsi iqneba Tu<br />
zRapari) `ileqeba~ soflis cnobierebaSi da variantebis saxiT, rogorc<br />
misi sakuTreba, ganagrZobs arsebobas.<br />
sinkretizmi<br />
laparakoben xalxuri Semoqmedebis sinkretizmze. ra aris<br />
sinkretizmi? "ucxo sityvaTa leqsikoni" amgvarad ganmartavs am termins:<br />
"Serwymuli arseboba, daunawevrebuloba, rac raime movlenis sawyis<br />
safexurze gvxvdeba". xalxur SemoqmedebaSi es gulisxmobs Semoqmedebisa<br />
Tu gadmocemis erTian aqtSi xelovnebis ramdenime dargis monawileobas.<br />
amosavali ki, cxadia, sityva iqneba, roca sityvier SemoqmedebasTan gvaqvs<br />
saqme. es niSani <strong>folklori</strong>sa SeiZleba ar mogveCvenos universalurad.<br />
magram es erTi SexedviT da mxolod maTi dRevandeli saxidan<br />
gamomdinare. klasikuri nimuSi sinkretizmisa aris, magaliTisTvis,<br />
xevsuruli sagmiro leqsi, romelsac adgilobriv "simReres" uwodeben.<br />
ras niSnavs es? es imas niSnavs, rom sityvieri teqsti, romelic ambis<br />
informacias inaxavs, ar gadaicema "mSralad", mxolod da mxolod<br />
verbalurad, aramed musikaluri hangis TanxlebiT. es imdenad myari<br />
tradiciaa, rom vaJa-fSavela Tavis leqsebs, romelTa Sorisac bevrs<br />
saTaurad uzis "simRera", fanduris xmaze Txzavda. aris Tu ara<br />
"simRere", rogorc Janri, sityvisa da hangis Tavdapirveli<br />
daunawevrebulobis anu sinkretizmis nimuSi? vaJas gamocdilebidan,<br />
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