qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
`mas Jamsa warvidoda iesu dResa SabaTsa yanobirsa maTsa. xolo mowafeTa SeemSia da iwyes musrvad Tavsa Ãuvilisasa da Wamad. xolo farisevelTa maT ixiles raÁ, hrques mas: aha mowafeni Senni iqman, romeli ara jer-ars SabaTsa Sina saqmed” (maT. 12:1-2). SabaTs ikrZaleba ara Wama, aramed saWmlis mopoveba. Selocvas es adgili SeeZlo Taviseburad gaego: petre-pavles, moSiebul mociqulebs, ekrZalebaT `iordanes yanaze” Wama. iordanes yana, rogorc tabuirebuli, rogorc aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTianeTSi ityvian, kvrivi adgili, imdenadvea Semlocvelis fantaziis nayofi, ramdenadac is xalxuri rwmena-warmodgenis realobas emyareba. sxvadasxvagan `iordanes yanaze”-s enacvleba `wyalsa iordanisasa”, `karsa iordanisa”... saxarebiseuli epizodis radikaluri transformaciis nimuSad unda miviCnioT qananeli qalis demoniur arsebad gardaqmnili saxe saymawvilos erT-erT SelocvaSi: `modioda qali qananeli. mozuoda qariviTa, gadudga deda mariam: _ sad mixval, qalo, qananelo? _ viyavi zRvasa, ar damitia zRvama, mivdivar asotanSia sisxlis sasmelad, xorcis saWmelad, ded-mamis sawruwuneblaTa..”. [SioSvili:64]. Selocvas mosdevs wamlis “receptis” gamJRavneba. dasawyisi tipuria: sneuleba dadis dasaxuli misamarTiT, rogorc sxva SelocvebSi vxvdebiT. magram vin aris `ali qananeli”? maTes saxarebaSi aseTi epizodia gadmocemuli: `da aha esera dedakaci qananeli sazRvarTa maTgan gamovida, RaRadebda da ityoda: Semiwyale me, ufalo, Zeo daviTiso, rameTu asuli Cemi borotad eSmakeul ars” (maT. 15:22). da qristem gankurna misi asuli. cxadia, Selocvis `qali qananeli” am epizodidan iRebs saTaves, magram, rogorc vxedavT, SelocvaSi yvelaferi ukuRmaa warmodgenili. ar aris SemTxveviTi dedakacis Secvla qaliT: SelocvisTvis arsebiTia aliteracia _ qali qananeli, rac kidev ufro gaZlierebulia sintagmiT “mozuoda qariviTa”, Tumca qari, Tu saymawvilos Selocvebs gadavxedavT, arcTu SemTxveviTia saymawvilosTvis: es aris `wiTeli qari”, “pirwklis (var. pilwis) qari”, `barbawis qari”, `sarsalobda qariviTa”... Tumca qali qananeli SeiZleba Tavad iyos sneulis arqetipi: `qali viyav qananeli, TvalebiTa wirpliani, muxlebiTa nisliani...” [mosuliSvili:163]. mogvyavs qristianul saxelTa da abrakadabras SeTavsebis nimuSi: “saxeliTa xvTisaTa, mamisa da ZisaTa da sulisa wmindisaTa. edenienTa RaiRe SamaTe edenia iavi egramaTe 160
egresem iosi erivane da iona iosave. amiTa saxeliTa Seikra piri devTa, qajTa da gvelTa da yovelTa saCinoTa da uCinoTa mavnebelTa. ieso qriste, Zeo da sityvao RvTisao cxovelisao, ixseni yovelive Wirisagan da yovlisa saeSmakosagan da yovelisa crusa mavnisa da sacTurisagan mona ese RvTisa” [SioSvili:199-200]. kontrasti aSkaraa: teqsti ori gansxvavebuli warmoSobis nawilisgan Sedgeba: erTs asazrdoebs qristianuli rwmena, meore sityvis magiazea dafuZnebuli. struqturulad _ magiuri Sre qristianul formulebs Soris aris moqceuli: iwyeba universaluri formuliT `saxeliTa...” mas mosdevs (Selocvis obieqtTa _ avsulTa dasaxelebis Semdeg) abrakadabra `edenienTa...” da mTavrdeba qristes mimarT locviT. zogi Selocvis (saymawvilosi da munisa) siuJeti agebulia qristesTvis sruliad SeuTavsebel qmedebaze: `qristem dakla TeTri furi, man awvia yovli suli. satkburma uTxra: _ me rad ar mawvie? _ Sen mad ar gawvie, Sexval ymawvilis tanSi, wiwkni, glejav, qavlav, worblav! _ ara, Ze da mama, sulo wmindav, arca vwiwkni, arca vqavli, avyvavdebi atmis yvaviliviT, Camovcvindebi qondris yvaviliviT. RmerTo mouxdine locva Cemi!” [SioSvili:70]. SeniSvna. `satkburi~ kanis daavadebaa, `ganrTxmuli muwuki” (saba). igi SelocvaSi ganpirovnebulia, CaTvlilia sulierTa (`yovli suli”) ricxvSi. qriste ixdis saRmrTos TeTri furis dakvliT da, rogorc samyaros ufali, universaluri RmerTi, iwvevs yvelas, garda satkburisa (an mRerisa), romlis mimarT mas pretenzia aqvs. pretenzia aaSkaravebs sneulebis etiologias da satkburic Tanaxmaa, ar Sevides Rrmad adamianis organizmSi _ mxolod ayvavdes yvaviliviT da daWknes yvavilTa wesiT. satkburi uars ambobs Tavis gamanadgurebel Zalaze, oRond saRvTo lxins ar moakldes! qriste sabolood Seirigebs mas: satkburi wmida samebis saxeliT debs fics. nadirobis Tema sakmaod mkvidrad aris warmodgenili SelocvebSi. Selocvis epiuri, rogorc uwodeben, nawili sanadirod gasvliT iwyeba. sanadirod gamsvleli zogjer pirveli piria: `avdeq dilaze, Cevcvi Txilamurebi, wavel sanadiroT, nadiri veZebe, ver viSue”. sanadirod 161
- Page 109 and 110: IV. abesalomis fici. V. qorwili. wr
- Page 111 and 112: abesalomis deda, iseve rogorc deda
- Page 113 and 114: ogorc RvTis bavSvebi, ar ekuTvnian
- Page 115 and 116: socialur dapirispirebas, romelsac g
- Page 117 and 118: Tumca igi sxva gziT cdilobs caTaswo
- Page 119 and 120: eSmaki. abesalomi ar aris eSmakis t
- Page 121 and 122: P.S. Tavis dasawyisSi naxsenebi iyo
- Page 123 and 124: arsebiTi gansxvavebebic arsebobs (i
- Page 125 and 126: Strixebi mainc erTimeores emTxveva.
- Page 127 and 128: aq unda SeiniSnos, rom motacebis mi
- Page 129 and 130: a Zalam unda moabrunos Tavisuflebis
- Page 131 and 132: RmerTi jer kidev masTan aris, jer k
- Page 133 and 134: sityviTa da saqmiT, amas `leqsis~ b
- Page 135 and 136: moyvare da xalxisagan Seyvarebuli,
- Page 137 and 138: cixeSi Casves. ramdenime wlis Semde
- Page 139 and 140: kvla ar Camideniao. Tu mamiklavs, r
- Page 141 and 142: gilgameSiani: gilgameSiani, Zveli S
- Page 143 and 144: mekvleTa, doRis dalocvisas; jvarSi
- Page 145 and 146: xucesis, rogorc Suamavlis roli, kar
- Page 147 and 148: kuretni. maSin mqond Zali-d’ SaZl
- Page 149 and 150: medges loginni CardaxSiao. abuleTau
- Page 151 and 152: calke qmedeba _ aseTia Selocvis pri
- Page 153 and 154: abaia Taba Tabaia ieso da lasaria
- Page 155 and 156: aris, rom oqros savarcxliT Tmas iva
- Page 157 and 158: `_ mariav, ras tiri, ras Civi, ras
- Page 159: “Semkulni” arian yvela im atrib
- Page 163 and 164: warmomTqmelic. Tuki arsebobs raime
- Page 165 and 166: a aris Sroma, Tu mas mxolod ekonomi
- Page 167 and 168: simRerebis fragmentebi an maTi ubra
- Page 169 and 170: Sromis procesis winamZRoli da, alba
- Page 171 and 172: gegonebaT, mTeli sofeli qeifobso. a
- Page 173 and 174: [qxp X:426]. momkeli yovelTvis imar
- Page 175 and 176: aayena! isxa, isxa, isxa... gamoRma
- Page 177 and 178: `Tqveni WirimeT, matiralono, Cven d
- Page 179 and 180: celi galesa qasuriTa, meore namxrev
- Page 181 and 182: xundi gigorams giSrisa, ari aralo,
- Page 183 and 184: is, rac man sicocxlis wil moipova,
- Page 185 and 186: kaimoymeoba, rac Tavad moymisTvis d
- Page 187 and 188: amtvrevs kbiliTa”). magram sul ma
- Page 189 and 190: `axiels TeTrsa cixesa Cardaxi Camos
- Page 191 and 192: Sua gzas SamaaRamda, dron iyvnen Su
- Page 193 and 194: amdenadme gansxvavebulia sxva sagmi
- Page 195 and 196: es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi
- Page 197 and 198: SauZaxnebav xTisad: RmerTo, Sen nu
- Page 199 and 200: TiTqos unda gadmosces ganwiruli mon
- Page 201 and 202: Tqmulebis Tanaxmad, beTqilisa da ja
- Page 203 and 204: odesac folkloruli Janrebis yofiToba
- Page 205 and 206: omelsac araferi aqvs saerTo yofiT q
- Page 207 and 208: sazogadoebrivi Cumi kontroli im dau
- Page 209 and 210: dadasturebulia am fabulis uZvelesi
egresem iosi erivane da iona iosave.<br />
amiTa saxeliTa Seikra piri devTa,<br />
qajTa da gvelTa da yovelTa saCinoTa da uCinoTa mavnebelTa.<br />
ieso qriste, Zeo da sityvao RvTisao cxovelisao,<br />
ixseni yovelive Wirisagan da yovlisa saeSmakosagan<br />
da yovelisa crusa mavnisa da sacTurisagan mona ese RvTisa”<br />
[SioSvili:199-200].<br />
kontrasti aSkaraa: teqsti ori gansxvavebuli warmoSobis<br />
nawilisgan Sedgeba: erTs asazrdoebs qristianuli rwmena, meore sityvis<br />
magiazea dafuZnebuli. struqturulad _ magiuri Sre qristianul<br />
formulebs Soris aris moqceuli: iwyeba universaluri formuliT<br />
`saxeliTa...” mas mosdevs (Selocvis obieqtTa _ avsulTa dasaxelebis<br />
Semdeg) abrakadabra `edenienTa...” da mTavrdeba qristes mimarT locviT.<br />
zogi Selocvis (saymawvilosi da munisa) siuJeti agebulia<br />
qristesTvis sruliad SeuTavsebel qmedebaze:<br />
`qristem dakla TeTri furi,<br />
man awvia yovli suli.<br />
satkburma uTxra: _ me rad ar mawvie?<br />
_ Sen mad ar gawvie, Sexval ymawvilis tanSi,<br />
wiwkni, glejav, qavlav, worblav!<br />
_ ara, Ze da mama, sulo wmindav,<br />
arca vwiwkni, arca vqavli,<br />
avyvavdebi atmis yvaviliviT,<br />
Camovcvindebi qondris yvaviliviT.<br />
RmerTo mouxdine locva Cemi!”<br />
[SioSvili:70].<br />
SeniSvna. `satkburi~ kanis daavadebaa, `ganrTxmuli muwuki” (saba). igi<br />
SelocvaSi ganpirovnebulia, CaTvlilia sulierTa (`yovli suli”) ricxvSi.<br />
qriste ixdis saRmrTos TeTri furis dakvliT da, rogorc<br />
samyaros ufali, universaluri RmerTi, iwvevs yvelas, garda satkburisa<br />
(an mRerisa), romlis mimarT mas pretenzia aqvs. pretenzia aaSkaravebs<br />
sneulebis etiologias da satkburic Tanaxmaa, ar Sevides Rrmad<br />
adamianis organizmSi _ mxolod ayvavdes yvaviliviT da daWknes yvavilTa<br />
wesiT. satkburi uars ambobs Tavis gamanadgurebel Zalaze, oRond<br />
saRvTo lxins ar moakldes! qriste sabolood Seirigebs mas: satkburi<br />
wmida samebis saxeliT debs fics.<br />
nadirobis Tema sakmaod mkvidrad aris warmodgenili SelocvebSi.<br />
Selocvis epiuri, rogorc uwodeben, nawili sanadirod gasvliT iwyeba.<br />
sanadirod gamsvleli zogjer pirveli piria: `avdeq dilaze, Cevcvi<br />
Txilamurebi, wavel sanadiroT, nadiri veZebe, ver viSue”. sanadirod<br />
161
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