qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
SeSinebulis, gulis tkivilis, bednieris (muwukis evfemisturi saxelwodeba xalxur medicinaSi), orsulis dasacavi da sxva. masve SeiZleba mivaTvaloT siyvarulis gamomwvevi, avi Tvalis mosageriebeli da sxva. II. sameurneo sfero, raSic gaerTianebulia ZiriTadad velze myofi saqonlis mxecisgan dasacavi teqstebi. erTi swavlulis TqmiT (e. kagarovi), am tipis Selocva imave funqcias asrulebs, rasac nadiris winaaRmdeg dagebuli xafangi. marTlac, mglis piris Sesakravi Selocva sxva araferia, Tu ara sityvieri xafangi, romelic ritualTan erTad Sin aris “dagebuli”, magram gareT moqmedebs. struqtura da realiebi. oriode sityva SelocvaTa bundovanebaze: bundovaneba Selocvis konstitutiuri elementia. warmoSobisTanave is aseTi iyo. ar aris marTebuli, TiTqos Selocvebis Tavis droze gasagebi teqsti droTa viTarebaSi gabundovanda. riT SeiZleba aixsnas SelocvaTa bunebiTi bundovaneba? mas SeiZleba moeZebnos axsna magiaSi. ramdenadac magiis obieqti iracionaluri, araadamianuri Zalebia (romlebic adamians ver cnoben da adamianic ver cnobs maT), maTTan sasaubro enac iracionaluri, gaugebari unda iyos. rac ufro bundovania da adamianis TvalsazrisiT gaugebari sityva Tu teqsti, imdenad qmediTia igi. yvelaze Zlieri Selocvebi abrakadabruli Sinaarsis teqstebia. maTi aRmniSvneli sagangebo terminebic ki arsebobs: berZnulad barbara onomata “barbarosuli (gaugebari) saxelebi”. aqvs Tu ara raime gamokveTili struqtura Selocvas? mas unda hqondes: I. Sesavali nawili, dasawyisi formula; II, Selocvis obieqtis dasaxeleba, III. daskvna (ganaCeni). I. dasawyisi formulebi. isini arcTu mravalferovania. yvelaze metad gavrcelebulia stereotipuli formula “saxeliTa mamisaTa da ZisaTa da sulisa wmidisaTa”, romelsac qristianul samyaroSi yoveli saqmis dawyebisas warmoTqvamen. sakuTriv Selocvis teqstis win misi warmoTqmiT Semlocveli teqsts legitimurobasTan erTad Zalas aniWebs. es formula aq imis niSanic aris, rom Semlocveli qristianad Tvlis Tavs, Tumca Selocvas qristianobasTan araviTari kavSiri ara aqvs, arc Sinaarsobrivad da arc sarwmunoebrivad. es formula, rogorc wesi, Semlocvelis warmoTqmaSi deformirebulia, TiTqos “gamartivebulia”. mas aseTi saxe aqvs miRebuli: `saxelo saxeliTa mamiTa ZiTa suliTa wmindiTa”. zigjer mas erTvis: amin! misi variaciebia: `saxeliTa RvTiTa mamiTa ZiTa suliTa wmindiTa”, “saxelo saxeliTa ZiTa xvTiTa da uZravi dedamiwiTa”, `saxelo saxelisao saxelo samjer RvTisao”... garkveuli Janris (nadiris piris Sesakravi) Selocvebs win uZRvis fsevdoqristianuli dasawyisi, magaliTad: `ekenia bekenia bekens xati svenebia”, romelsac variaciebi aqvs: `ekenia bekenia beksa (var. bersa) xati svenebia”, `ekenia bekenia bersa xati Cvenebia”, `ekenia mekenia mefes xati svenebia”, `es alagi bukasia bukas xati asvenia” da sxva. xSiria abradakabras tipis, gaugebar sityvaTa sintagmebisgan Sedgenili dasawyisebi: `alisasa malisasa”, `atiti matiti”, `movida matauri da matauri da katauri”, `adilasa madilasa”, `erosani merosani usaxlkaro xarosani”, `eli elavda (var. elobda) meli melavda (melobda)”, `eli elenTa melo melenTa”, `ale male salandole”, “aba 152
abaia Taba Tabaia ieso da lasaria”, `asamaria dasamaria zeviT da Cemi qveviT maria”. xSirad Selocvis teqsti mTlianad abradakabraa, rac aZlierebs mis qmediTobas, radgan qmediTia ara Sinaarsi sityvisa, misi racionaluri marcvali, aramed misi fonetikuri saxe. saukeTeso Selocva uazroa. Tumca uazrobaSi SeiZleba azris danaxvac, Tu Selocvis teqsts qmedebasTan erTad gaviazrebT: `msxals vWam, msxals vsvam, msxali mifenia, msxali mafaria, msxali var! qliavsa vWam, qliavsa vsvam, qliavi mifenia, qliavi mafaria, qliavi var! WinWarsa vWam, WinWarsa vsvam, WinWari mifenia, WinWari mafaria, WinWari var!” [SioSvili:185]. calke aRebuli es teqsti namdvili abradakabraa, magram misi sazrisis gasaRebi samkurnalo qmedebaSia. danayili cxra msxlis, cxra qliavis da cxra WinWris foTlis masas am Selocvis Semdeg usvamen morielis nakbenze. Selocvas bundovani Sinaarsi aqvs, Znelia misi siuJetis gamokveTa, iracionaluris racionalur enaze “gadmoTargmna”, magram SesaZlebelia personaJTa identifikacia mainc. vin arian isini? SelocvebSi SevxvdebiT qriste RmerTs, deda mariams (uCveulo mezoblobaSi; “gvelis deda mariami”), mociqulebs, sxva wmidanebs... magram ismis kiTxva, ramdenad arian saxecvlili qristianuli wyaroebis personaJebi, ramdenad daSordnen isini Tavis pirvelwyaros, SerCaT Tu ara maT Tavdapirveli niSnebi? ganvixiloT RvTismSoblis, rogorc SelocvebSi iwodeba, deda mariamis, saxe. igi yvela Janris Selocvebis mniSvnelovani figuraa. igi, rogorc wesi, mtiralia da es ar aris misTvis SemTxveviTi. magram igi tiris ara Tavis jvarcmul Zes, aramed moTqvams im borotebis gamo, romelic mas avsulma uyo. misi antagonisti xSirad uria qeTelad (var. qeTela, qeTeri, qeTeni, qeTereSali da sxva) aris wodebuli. aSkaraa misi warmomavloba. es is uria xeTelia, romlis coli daviT israelis mefem Seacdina, Tavad ki muxanaTurad moakvlevina (2 mef. 11). isic aSkara unda iyos, rom SelocvaSi warmodgenili boroteba, ris uvnebelsayofadac mowodebulia teqsti, daviTis STamomavlis, mariamis, mimarT uria xeTelis SurisZiebis Sedegia. “saxeliTa RvTiTa, mamiTa, ZiTa da suliTa wmindiTa. locva Tvalymisa. vijeqi taZarsa, vqsovdi qselsa oqros kedisasa. Camoiara uria qeTelma, SemTvala, Semyvala, Semagizinzila, gawyda qseli oqros kedisa, damcvinda mxari almasisa, damayrevina Tma giSrisa. Camoiara qristema, mkiTxa: _ deda mariam, ras tiri? _ rava ras vtiri, vijeqi taZarsa, 153
- Page 101 and 102: gaapo klde, romlis wiaRSi `samudamo
- Page 103 and 104: Ciqovani 1959: Ciqovani m., qarTuli
- Page 105 and 106: amgvarad ismis kiTxvebi: romelia `e
- Page 107 and 108: nawili 1. eqspozicia (ambavi qorwil
- Page 109 and 110: IV. abesalomis fici. V. qorwili. wr
- Page 111 and 112: abesalomis deda, iseve rogorc deda
- Page 113 and 114: ogorc RvTis bavSvebi, ar ekuTvnian
- Page 115 and 116: socialur dapirispirebas, romelsac g
- Page 117 and 118: Tumca igi sxva gziT cdilobs caTaswo
- Page 119 and 120: eSmaki. abesalomi ar aris eSmakis t
- Page 121 and 122: P.S. Tavis dasawyisSi naxsenebi iyo
- Page 123 and 124: arsebiTi gansxvavebebic arsebobs (i
- Page 125 and 126: Strixebi mainc erTimeores emTxveva.
- Page 127 and 128: aq unda SeiniSnos, rom motacebis mi
- Page 129 and 130: a Zalam unda moabrunos Tavisuflebis
- Page 131 and 132: RmerTi jer kidev masTan aris, jer k
- Page 133 and 134: sityviTa da saqmiT, amas `leqsis~ b
- Page 135 and 136: moyvare da xalxisagan Seyvarebuli,
- Page 137 and 138: cixeSi Casves. ramdenime wlis Semde
- Page 139 and 140: kvla ar Camideniao. Tu mamiklavs, r
- Page 141 and 142: gilgameSiani: gilgameSiani, Zveli S
- Page 143 and 144: mekvleTa, doRis dalocvisas; jvarSi
- Page 145 and 146: xucesis, rogorc Suamavlis roli, kar
- Page 147 and 148: kuretni. maSin mqond Zali-d’ SaZl
- Page 149 and 150: medges loginni CardaxSiao. abuleTau
- Page 151: calke qmedeba _ aseTia Selocvis pri
- Page 155 and 156: aris, rom oqros savarcxliT Tmas iva
- Page 157 and 158: `_ mariav, ras tiri, ras Civi, ras
- Page 159 and 160: “Semkulni” arian yvela im atrib
- Page 161 and 162: egresem iosi erivane da iona iosave
- Page 163 and 164: warmomTqmelic. Tuki arsebobs raime
- Page 165 and 166: a aris Sroma, Tu mas mxolod ekonomi
- Page 167 and 168: simRerebis fragmentebi an maTi ubra
- Page 169 and 170: Sromis procesis winamZRoli da, alba
- Page 171 and 172: gegonebaT, mTeli sofeli qeifobso. a
- Page 173 and 174: [qxp X:426]. momkeli yovelTvis imar
- Page 175 and 176: aayena! isxa, isxa, isxa... gamoRma
- Page 177 and 178: `Tqveni WirimeT, matiralono, Cven d
- Page 179 and 180: celi galesa qasuriTa, meore namxrev
- Page 181 and 182: xundi gigorams giSrisa, ari aralo,
- Page 183 and 184: is, rac man sicocxlis wil moipova,
- Page 185 and 186: kaimoymeoba, rac Tavad moymisTvis d
- Page 187 and 188: amtvrevs kbiliTa”). magram sul ma
- Page 189 and 190: `axiels TeTrsa cixesa Cardaxi Camos
- Page 191 and 192: Sua gzas SamaaRamda, dron iyvnen Su
- Page 193 and 194: amdenadme gansxvavebulia sxva sagmi
- Page 195 and 196: es misi daRupvis gare mxarea. Temi
- Page 197 and 198: SauZaxnebav xTisad: RmerTo, Sen nu
- Page 199 and 200: TiTqos unda gadmosces ganwiruli mon
- Page 201 and 202: Tqmulebis Tanaxmad, beTqilisa da ja
SeSinebulis, gulis tkivilis, bednieris (muwukis evfemisturi<br />
saxelwodeba xalxur medicinaSi), orsulis dasacavi da sxva. masve<br />
SeiZleba mivaTvaloT siyvarulis gamomwvevi, avi Tvalis mosageriebeli<br />
da sxva. II. sameurneo sfero, raSic gaerTianebulia ZiriTadad velze<br />
myofi saqonlis mxecisgan dasacavi teqstebi. erTi swavlulis TqmiT (e.<br />
kagarovi), am tipis Selocva imave funqcias asrulebs, rasac nadiris<br />
winaaRmdeg dagebuli xafangi. marTlac, mglis piris Sesakravi Selocva<br />
sxva araferia, Tu ara sityvieri xafangi, romelic ritualTan erTad Sin<br />
aris “dagebuli”, magram gareT moqmedebs.<br />
struqtura da realiebi. oriode sityva SelocvaTa<br />
bundovanebaze: bundovaneba Selocvis konstitutiuri elementia.<br />
warmoSobisTanave is aseTi iyo. ar aris marTebuli, TiTqos Selocvebis<br />
Tavis droze gasagebi teqsti droTa viTarebaSi gabundovanda. riT<br />
SeiZleba aixsnas SelocvaTa bunebiTi bundovaneba? mas SeiZleba<br />
moeZebnos axsna magiaSi. ramdenadac magiis obieqti iracionaluri,<br />
araadamianuri Zalebia (romlebic adamians ver cnoben da adamianic ver<br />
cnobs maT), maTTan sasaubro enac iracionaluri, gaugebari unda iyos.<br />
rac ufro bundovania da adamianis TvalsazrisiT gaugebari sityva Tu<br />
teqsti, imdenad qmediTia igi. yvelaze Zlieri Selocvebi abrakadabruli<br />
Sinaarsis teqstebia. maTi aRmniSvneli sagangebo terminebic ki arsebobs:<br />
berZnulad barbara onomata “barbarosuli (gaugebari) saxelebi”.<br />
aqvs Tu ara raime gamokveTili struqtura Selocvas? mas unda<br />
hqondes: I. Sesavali nawili, dasawyisi formula; II, Selocvis obieqtis<br />
dasaxeleba, III. daskvna (ganaCeni).<br />
I. dasawyisi formulebi. isini arcTu mravalferovania. yvelaze<br />
metad gavrcelebulia stereotipuli formula “saxeliTa mamisaTa da<br />
ZisaTa da sulisa wmidisaTa”, romelsac qristianul samyaroSi yoveli<br />
saqmis dawyebisas warmoTqvamen. sakuTriv Selocvis teqstis win misi<br />
warmoTqmiT Semlocveli teqsts legitimurobasTan erTad Zalas aniWebs.<br />
es formula aq imis niSanic aris, rom Semlocveli qristianad Tvlis<br />
Tavs, Tumca Selocvas qristianobasTan araviTari kavSiri ara aqvs, arc<br />
Sinaarsobrivad da arc sarwmunoebrivad. es formula, rogorc wesi,<br />
Semlocvelis warmoTqmaSi deformirebulia, TiTqos “gamartivebulia”.<br />
mas aseTi saxe aqvs miRebuli: `saxelo saxeliTa mamiTa ZiTa suliTa<br />
wmindiTa”. zigjer mas erTvis: amin! misi variaciebia: `saxeliTa RvTiTa<br />
mamiTa ZiTa suliTa wmindiTa”, “saxelo saxeliTa ZiTa xvTiTa da uZravi<br />
dedamiwiTa”, `saxelo saxelisao saxelo samjer RvTisao”...<br />
garkveuli Janris (nadiris piris Sesakravi) Selocvebs win uZRvis<br />
fsevdoqristianuli dasawyisi, magaliTad: `ekenia bekenia bekens xati<br />
svenebia”, romelsac variaciebi aqvs: `ekenia bekenia beksa (var. bersa) xati<br />
svenebia”, `ekenia bekenia bersa xati Cvenebia”, `ekenia mekenia mefes xati<br />
svenebia”, `es alagi bukasia bukas xati asvenia” da sxva.<br />
xSiria abradakabras tipis, gaugebar sityvaTa sintagmebisgan<br />
Sedgenili dasawyisebi: `alisasa malisasa”, `atiti matiti”, `movida<br />
matauri da matauri da katauri”, `adilasa madilasa”, `erosani merosani<br />
usaxlkaro xarosani”, `eli elavda (var. elobda) meli melavda<br />
(melobda)”, `eli elenTa melo melenTa”, `ale male salandole”, “aba<br />
152
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