qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
igi ver egueba jer mestvireTa da mere Cvens warmodgenas mis heroikul pirovnebaze. II. baRaTuruli zrda (boboqari bavSvoba). gmiris fizikuri Zalis amofrqveva adreuli asakidanve iwyeba: amirani akvanSive iCens Tavis Tandayolil Zalas, romelic naTliam daanaTla mas. magram es ar aris sakuTriv gmirobis aqti, aramed Zalis mxolod pirvelCena. p. umikaSvilis `leqsSi~ arsena amgvarad iCens Tavs: `rom Seiqna Teqvsmeti wlis, mTa da bari Seajera...~ magram sxva variantebSi, romlebic p. umikaSvils ar gamouyenebia, asaki sagrZnoblad daweulia: `Tormeti wlis rom Seiqna, ulvaSebma daamSvena...~ sxva fragmentSi kidev ufro daiwevs misi gamoCenis asaki da zRaprulmiTosurSi gadadis: `Svidi wlisa rom Seiqna, cxenxedna dauwesesa, ise fantams Tavadebsa, viTa bora wiwilebsa...~ arsenas gamoCena saswaulebriv-moulodnelia, auxsnelia misi baRaTuruli zrdis, saxecvlilebis mizezi: `mTeli qveyana gahkvirda: arsena ram daasqela. saca cxeni gaaWena, kldeze mtveri aayena...~ es is zRurblia, saidanac iwyeba misi baRaTuruli saqmianoba; igrZnoba, rom `uerTod ar daixarjvis~ misi energia, romelic awveba mas, raTa gaiyvanos igi gareT – asparezze. masSi zambarasaviT Cawnexili Zala aiZulebs amas. III. qalis motaceba. tradiciul eposSi am qmedebas win uswrebs gmiris ZiriTadi Rvawli, romliTac is gmirobs – es aris brZola borot ZalebTan. `arsenas leqsSi~ ki qalis motacebiT iwyeba gmiris saqmeni sagmironi. Tumca wina epizodi (fizikuri Zalis pirvelCena) dasturia imisa, rom mas ZaluZs am Rvawlis aRsruleba, rasac eposSi baRaTuruli niSnoba gulisxmobs. qalis motaceba TiTqos Tavsdeba batonymur yofaSi: motacebuli moaxlea, momtacebeli – yma, arc erTi ar aris Tavisufali. batonis moaxlis momtacebeli yma am aqtiT arad agdebs batonis nebas, eurCeba da, sabolood, ujanydeba mas. is garbis moaxlesTan erTad, riTac Tavisi xeliT iWris gzas ukan dasabruneblad. misi es gaWra imis niSania, rom is ver Tavsdeba Tavis socialur garemoSi, im statusSi, romliTac daibada. am motacebiT, am gaWriT is icvlis statuss, rogorc ardaSir papakani, romelmac Tavis patrons, mefes mxevali da Tasi mostaca, riTac Tavi gaiTavisufla ymobisgan, raTa dabadebiT momadlebuli mefoba moepovebina [ardaSiri:46]. niSandoblivia, rom sinamdvile (anu is, rac sinamdvileSi moxda) ufro axlos aris ardaSiris epizodTan, vidre `leqsi~: `maSin arsenam RamiT gamoiyvana Tavadis saukeTeso cxeni, moitaca qali da mTebSi gaixizna~ (damateba 1). ajanyebuli arsena, ardaSiris msgavsad, Tavisi batonis moaxles mis cxenTan erTad itacebs. 126
aq unda SeiniSnos, rom motacebis mizezi arsebobs – mowoneba: `batons ro erTi gogo hyavs, arsenas moewoneba~, magram ar Cans Sedegi motacebisa. motaceba motacebadve rCeba, rogorc sabediswero saqcieli, rogorc garkveuli zRurblis gadalaxva, romelic mTlianad cvlis gmiris mdgomareobas, mTel mis cxovrebas. moaxlis motacebas TviTkmari Rirebuleba aqvs gmiris biografiaSi. amitom aris, rom ucnobia araTu saxeli motacebulisa, aramed misi asaval-dasavalic motacebis Semdeg. igi iseve uCinardeba, rogorc amiranis yamari, romelmac Seasrula Tavisi funqcia gmiris gzaze da ukvalod gauCinarda. mestvireTa arsena amas sCadis, rogorc epikuri gmirisTvis savaldebulo aqts. am epizodSi mestvire ugulebelyofs sinamdviles, romelic Tumca tragikulia, magram ar scildeba yofiT realobas (ix. damateba 1 da 2). sinamdvileSi ki, cnobilia, rom arsenas TamaraSvilebis xelSewyobiT axalcixeSi uTxovia qali [WiWinaZe:127]. is unda gasuliyo Tavisi wridan, saxlidan, sadac daibada, zRapris gmiriviT da am gasvlis motivi qalis motacebaa – akrZalulis xelyofa. magram am aqts faruli motivi aRZravs, ris ganxorcielebasac arsena mTel Tavis cxovrebas miuZRvnis: is daupirispirdeba batons, raTa Tavad gaxdes batoni da Taviseburad gagebuli samarTali daamyaros (`mdidars arTmevs, Raribs aZlevs...~). `ardaSir papakis Zis saqmeTa wignSi~ naTqvamia: `kaci, romelic Tavis batons gaeqceva, didebasa da mefobas miaRwevs~ [ardaSiri:46]. ymaSi iRviZebs pirovneba. mestvire grZnobs am gaRviZebas. Tumca man icis (unda icodes), rom arsena arasodes yma ar yofila, misi ojaxi saeklesio glexebi iyvnen [kakiaSvili:17,33]. `biWo, arsenav, ra miyav, yma iyav magisTanao!~ zaal baraTaSvilis sinanuliT naTqvam am sityvebSi `yma~, SesaZloa, arc niSnavdes mainc da mainc batonis ymas. `biWo~ ki namdvilad mis yoCaRobaze miuTiTebs [abaSiZe:9]. baraTaSvili aSkarad keTilganwyobilic ki aris mis mimarT, rac dokumenturadac dasturdeba (ix. damateba 5). arsena axalcixeSi miatovebs Tavis motacebuls da iwyebs gasvlas. IV. brZola usamarTlobasTan. mteri `leqsSi~ rus-yazaxebis saxiT aris warmodgenili. anu miTosuri mteri (devi) yofiT-istoriuli mtris konkretul saxeSia ganxorcielebuli, amave dros es saxe groteskuli unda iyos, rogorc berikaobis Tu yeenobis personaJebisa. aq unda SeiniSnos, rom yazaxebTan Setakeba qalis motacebis faqtiT aris ganpirobebul-motivirebuli: batonma unda daibrunos motacebuli da gauswordes ajanyebul ymas. magram is umweoa – is `qoSs ukuRma hyris~, garbis, `orTav TvaliT~ icremleba, `saCivars wers~... `aTi-Tormeti yazaxi~ arsenas Sesapyrobad igzavneba. swored es `aTi-Tormeti yazaxia~ arsenas namdvili da erTaderTi mteri. arsena Seebmis maT, rogorc amirani – devebs. brZolis aRweraSi aSkarad ismis, Tumca groteskamde CamoqveiTebuli, amiranuli brZolis eqo: `aTi-Tormeti yazaxi sul cxvariviT gadmodena. TeleTis bolomde mohyva, somxiTSi ar gaaCera. 127
- Page 75 and 76: warmoSobisaa. ar viciT, ra erqva mT
- Page 77 and 78: moipovebs sacoles, VIII. Cadis qves
- Page 79 and 80: II. gadagdeba. amirani gadagdebuli
- Page 81 and 82: III-a. rZeSi ganbana. es epizodi mx
- Page 83 and 84: VI. ukanaskneli devi da camcumis ko
- Page 85 and 86: TiamaTis mier marduqis STanTqma da
- Page 87 and 88: sinaTleze unda gaiyvanos - mzeTunax
- Page 89 and 90: avSvobaze, mis idumalebriv warmoSob
- Page 91 and 92: ganuyrelad da Semweoba gauwies yama
- Page 93 and 94: XIV. mijaWva. amiranis sasjelis adg
- Page 95 and 96: XVI. gaTavisuflebis mcdelobani. Tan
- Page 97 and 98: mTadqceul gveleSapSi - amoikiTxa, r
- Page 99 and 100: saidumlos argamxelas (rom zevss mis
- Page 101 and 102: gaapo klde, romlis wiaRSi `samudamo
- Page 103 and 104: Ciqovani 1959: Ciqovani m., qarTuli
- Page 105 and 106: amgvarad ismis kiTxvebi: romelia `e
- Page 107 and 108: nawili 1. eqspozicia (ambavi qorwil
- Page 109 and 110: IV. abesalomis fici. V. qorwili. wr
- Page 111 and 112: abesalomis deda, iseve rogorc deda
- Page 113 and 114: ogorc RvTis bavSvebi, ar ekuTvnian
- Page 115 and 116: socialur dapirispirebas, romelsac g
- Page 117 and 118: Tumca igi sxva gziT cdilobs caTaswo
- Page 119 and 120: eSmaki. abesalomi ar aris eSmakis t
- Page 121 and 122: P.S. Tavis dasawyisSi naxsenebi iyo
- Page 123 and 124: arsebiTi gansxvavebebic arsebobs (i
- Page 125: Strixebi mainc erTimeores emTxveva.
- Page 129 and 130: a Zalam unda moabrunos Tavisuflebis
- Page 131 and 132: RmerTi jer kidev masTan aris, jer k
- Page 133 and 134: sityviTa da saqmiT, amas `leqsis~ b
- Page 135 and 136: moyvare da xalxisagan Seyvarebuli,
- Page 137 and 138: cixeSi Casves. ramdenime wlis Semde
- Page 139 and 140: kvla ar Camideniao. Tu mamiklavs, r
- Page 141 and 142: gilgameSiani: gilgameSiani, Zveli S
- Page 143 and 144: mekvleTa, doRis dalocvisas; jvarSi
- Page 145 and 146: xucesis, rogorc Suamavlis roli, kar
- Page 147 and 148: kuretni. maSin mqond Zali-d’ SaZl
- Page 149 and 150: medges loginni CardaxSiao. abuleTau
- Page 151 and 152: calke qmedeba _ aseTia Selocvis pri
- Page 153 and 154: abaia Taba Tabaia ieso da lasaria
- Page 155 and 156: aris, rom oqros savarcxliT Tmas iva
- Page 157 and 158: `_ mariav, ras tiri, ras Civi, ras
- Page 159 and 160: “Semkulni” arian yvela im atrib
- Page 161 and 162: egresem iosi erivane da iona iosave
- Page 163 and 164: warmomTqmelic. Tuki arsebobs raime
- Page 165 and 166: a aris Sroma, Tu mas mxolod ekonomi
- Page 167 and 168: simRerebis fragmentebi an maTi ubra
- Page 169 and 170: Sromis procesis winamZRoli da, alba
- Page 171 and 172: gegonebaT, mTeli sofeli qeifobso. a
- Page 173 and 174: [qxp X:426]. momkeli yovelTvis imar
- Page 175 and 176: aayena! isxa, isxa, isxa... gamoRma
igi ver egueba jer mestvireTa da mere Cvens warmodgenas mis heroikul<br />
pirovnebaze.<br />
II. baRaTuruli zrda (boboqari bavSvoba). gmiris fizikuri Zalis<br />
amofrqveva adreuli asakidanve iwyeba: amirani akvanSive iCens Tavis<br />
Tandayolil Zalas, romelic naTliam daanaTla mas. magram es ar aris<br />
sakuTriv gmirobis aqti, aramed Zalis mxolod pirvelCena. p. umikaSvilis<br />
`leqsSi~ arsena amgvarad iCens Tavs:<br />
`rom Seiqna Teqvsmeti wlis, mTa da bari Seajera...~<br />
magram sxva variantebSi, romlebic p. umikaSvils ar gamouyenebia, asaki<br />
sagrZnoblad daweulia:<br />
`Tormeti wlis rom Seiqna, ulvaSebma daamSvena...~<br />
sxva fragmentSi kidev ufro daiwevs misi gamoCenis asaki da zRaprulmiTosurSi<br />
gadadis:<br />
`Svidi wlisa rom Seiqna, cxenxedna dauwesesa,<br />
ise fantams Tavadebsa, viTa bora wiwilebsa...~<br />
arsenas gamoCena saswaulebriv-moulodnelia, auxsnelia misi<br />
baRaTuruli zrdis, saxecvlilebis mizezi:<br />
`mTeli qveyana gahkvirda: arsena ram daasqela.<br />
saca cxeni gaaWena, kldeze mtveri aayena...~<br />
es is zRurblia, saidanac iwyeba misi baRaTuruli saqmianoba; igrZnoba,<br />
rom `uerTod ar daixarjvis~ misi energia, romelic awveba mas, raTa<br />
gaiyvanos igi gareT – asparezze. masSi zambarasaviT Cawnexili Zala<br />
aiZulebs amas.<br />
III. qalis motaceba. tradiciul eposSi am qmedebas win uswrebs gmiris<br />
ZiriTadi Rvawli, romliTac is gmirobs – es aris brZola borot<br />
ZalebTan. `arsenas leqsSi~ ki qalis motacebiT iwyeba gmiris saqmeni<br />
sagmironi. Tumca wina epizodi (fizikuri Zalis pirvelCena) dasturia<br />
imisa, rom mas ZaluZs am Rvawlis aRsruleba, rasac eposSi baRaTuruli<br />
niSnoba gulisxmobs.<br />
qalis motaceba TiTqos Tavsdeba batonymur yofaSi: motacebuli<br />
moaxlea, momtacebeli – yma, arc erTi ar aris Tavisufali. batonis<br />
moaxlis momtacebeli yma am aqtiT arad agdebs batonis nebas, eurCeba da,<br />
sabolood, ujanydeba mas. is garbis moaxlesTan erTad, riTac Tavisi<br />
xeliT iWris gzas ukan dasabruneblad. misi es gaWra imis niSania, rom is<br />
ver Tavsdeba Tavis socialur garemoSi, im statusSi, romliTac daibada.<br />
am motacebiT, am gaWriT is icvlis statuss, rogorc ardaSir papakani,<br />
romelmac Tavis patrons, mefes mxevali da Tasi mostaca, riTac Tavi<br />
gaiTavisufla ymobisgan, raTa dabadebiT momadlebuli mefoba moepovebina<br />
[ardaSiri:46]. niSandoblivia, rom sinamdvile (anu is, rac sinamdvileSi<br />
moxda) ufro axlos aris ardaSiris epizodTan, vidre `leqsi~: `maSin<br />
arsenam RamiT gamoiyvana Tavadis saukeTeso cxeni, moitaca qali da<br />
mTebSi gaixizna~ (damateba 1). ajanyebuli arsena, ardaSiris msgavsad,<br />
Tavisi batonis moaxles mis cxenTan erTad itacebs.<br />
126
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