gadaSenebuli organizmebi - Ganatleba

7
§ 96
qalaqi rusTavi qvemo
qarTlSi, mdinare mtkvris
orive napirze mdebareobs. igi
erT-erTi yvelaze Zveli da
yvelaze `axalgazrda~ qalaqia
saqarTveloSi.
qalaqi foTi uZvelesi droidan iyo
saqarTvelos `sazRvao WiSkari~. dResac, igi
ara marto Cveni qveynis, aramed mTeli samxreTi
kavkasiis udidesi navsadguria.
146
Tavi
saqarTvelos qalaqebi
da soflebi
qveynis mosaxleobad is xalxebi iTvleba,
romlebic am qveyanaSi cxovroben.
saqarTveloSi, qarTvelebis garda, sxva erovnebis
adamianebic cxovroben: somxebi, azerbaijanelebi,
rusebi, osebi, afxazebi da sxva.
saqarTvelos mosaxleobis udidesi nawili
qristiania, Tumca Cvens qveyanaSi aseve sxva
religiis warmomadgenlebic cxovroben. saqar-
Tvelo CvenTan erTad mcxovrebi yvela xalxis
saerTo samSobloa.
Cveni qveynis mosaxleobis udidesi nawili
saqarTvelos mTaTaSoris barSi, mdinareebisa
da Savi zRvis sanapiroze cxovrobs. dablob
adgilebsa da zRvis sanapiro zolSi qalaqebic
bevria da soflebic.
saqarTvelos teritoriis didi
nawili mTebs, cicabo ferdobebsa
da Rrma xeobebs ukavia. aseT adgilebSi
cxovreba da saqmianoba
ufro rTulia. amitom isini naklebadaa
dasaxlebuli.
sofeli uSguli kavkasionis mTebSi, zemo svaneTSi mdebareobs.
igi ara marto saqarTveloSi, aramed evropaSic erT-erT
yvelaze maRla mdebare dasaxlebul adgilad iTvleba.
qalaqis sidide mosaxleobis raodenobazea damokidebuli.
Cveni qveynis udidesi qalaqia Tbilisi.
qalaqebi saqarTveloSi uZvelesi droidan arseboben.
zogi maTgani dRemde SemorCa, isev qalaqia an
soflad gadaiqca, zogierTi ki _ aRar arsebobs.
dRes saqarTveloSi 54 qalaqi da 3500-ze meti
sofelia.
savarjiSoebi:
kldeSi nakveTi qalaqi ufliscixe gorTan axlos, mdinare
mtkvris marcxena napirze mdebareobs. igi kavkasiis
teritoriaze mdebare erT-erTi uZvelesi dasaxlebaa.
gaixsene, kidev romeli Zveli qalaqebi ici saqarTveloSi?
1. rogor fiqrob, ratom aris bari ufro metad dasaxlebuli, vidre mTiani
mxareebi?
2. Seni azriT, ra gansxvavebaa qalaqsa da sofels Soris?
saqarTvelo
es sainteresoa..:
amboben, rom qarTvelebi
Zalian didxans
cocxloben da maTi
dRegrZelobis erTerTi
saidumlo mawonSi
imaleba. amJamad,
Cvens qveyanaSi daaxloebiT
150 adamiani
100 welze meti asakisaa.
3. rogor fiqrob, ra saqmianobas eweva mosaxleoba soflad da qalaqad?
dawere patara moTxroba: `Cemi qalaqi~ (sofeli).
aRwere: a) sad mdebareobs; b) ra hqvia da ratom; g) ramdeni adamiani cxovrobs;
d) ra RirsSesaniSnaobebia; e) ra saqmianobas eweva mosaxleoba; v) gamoTqvi
mosazrebebi, rogori ginda iyos Seni qalaqi.
danarTi 17-is gamoyenebiT:
a) amoiwere rveulSi saqarTvelos qalaqebi.
b) qvemoT CamoTvlili qalaqebi daalage aRmosavleTidan dasavleTis mimar-
TulebiT: foTi, rusTavi, quTaisi, Telavi, Tbilisi, gori, baTumi.
g) CamoTvale oTxi qalaqi, romlebic mdinaris piras mdebareobs.
d) daasaxele Savi zRvis piras mdebare qalaqebi.
147