(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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Tavi 8 / mexsiereba<br />
298<br />
prototipebi<br />
im ZaRlebs Soris, romlebic Tqven ginaxavT,<br />
romels warmoidgenT, rodesac waikiTxavT<br />
winadadebas: _ „ZaRli xravs Zvals~. SegiZliaT<br />
konkretuli ZaRli daasaxeloT? Tu romelime<br />
tipuri ZaRli warmogidgebaT, romelic yvela<br />
nanaxi ZaRlebis saSualos – prototips warmoadgens?<br />
ganvixiloT eqsperimenti, romelic<br />
dagvexmareba am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemaSi.<br />
saidan<br />
viciT<br />
prototipebis Camoyalibeba<br />
cdis pirebs uCvenebdnen calkeuli<br />
adamianis saxeebis suraTebs, romlebic<br />
sxvadasxva xarisxiT gansxvavdebodnen prototipisgan<br />
(sur. 8.11); Semdeg maT aCvenebdnen<br />
saxeebis meore jgufs. zogierTi sura-<br />
Ti adrec iyo miwodebuli, zogierTi axali<br />
iyo da gansxvavdeboda prototipisgan. iyo,<br />
agreTve, prototipis suraTi, romelic<br />
gansxvavdeboda pirvelad miwodebuli prototipisgan.<br />
cdis pirebs evalebodaT gamoecnoT,<br />
Tu romeli suraTi hqondaT maT<br />
adre miwodebisas nanaxi.<br />
kargad gamoikveTa sami Sedegi, romelic<br />
mocemulia suraTze 8.1. cdis pirebi cnobdnen<br />
yvela im suraTs, romelic adre<br />
hqondaT nanaxi, maSinac ki, rodesac maTgan<br />
prototipTan mxolod 25%-s hqonda<br />
msgavseba. axal suraTebze miuTiTebdnen,<br />
rom axali iyo da cnobis xarisxi prototipTan<br />
mimarTebiT ganisazRvreboda. cdis<br />
pirebi dabolos, yvelaze darwmunebulni<br />
iyvnen axali prototipis ucnobobaSi (Solso<br />
& McCarthy, 1981).<br />
am eqsperimentSi cdis pirebi ise moqmedebdnen,<br />
TiTqos gaaerTianes yvela saxe, romelic ki<br />
unaxavT, raTa prototipuli konstruqti SeeqmnaT.<br />
kategoriebis, Tavisi TvisebebiTurT, prototipebi<br />
iqmneba mTeli Tqveni gamocdilebidan,<br />
amitom prototipebi yovel wuTs SeiZleba<br />
icvlebodes da mdidrdebodes axali kategoriiT.<br />
aqedan gamomdinare, mecnierebi mividnen im<br />
daskvnamde, rom konkretuli kategoriisTvis<br />
prototipis reprezentacia gonebaSi SeiZleba<br />
ar gqondeT. ufro savaraudoa, rom prototipi<br />
TviTon calkeul egzemplarebSi, rogorc<br />
saSualo raRac moqmedebs (Hintzman, 1986; Nosofsly<br />
et al., 1992). magaliTad, yvela ZaRli, romelic ki<br />
am momentisTvis ginaxavT, ayalibebs prototipuli<br />
ZaRlis Tqveneul cnebas. ufro metic, Tu<br />
Tqven saRamos gaxvediT quCaSi da dainaxeT erTi,<br />
an ori ZaRli, Tqveni prototipi SeiZleba odnav<br />
Seicvalos kidec.<br />
is, rom Tqven gaqvT unari, iseT kategorias,<br />
rogorc, vTqvaT, ZaRlia, prototipi mounaxoT,<br />
gaZlevT SesaZleblobas icnoT kategoriis metnaklebad<br />
tipuri warmomadgenlebi _ rac ufro<br />
meti Tviseba aqvs saerTo kategoriis calkeul<br />
cnebebi (concepts) _ sagnebis, an ideebis saxeobebis,<br />
an kategoriebis mentaluri reprezentaciebi.<br />
prototipi (Prototype) _ kategoriis yvelaze reprezentaciuli<br />
magaliTi.
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