(natia) ZIMBARDO

Tavi 8 / mexsiereba
296
ganaTlebidan. magaliTad, gekiTxebiT: _ „mzis
sistemaSi romeli planetaa yvelaze didi?~ iciT
am kiTxvaze pasuxi? Tu ar iciT, rogor moiqceodiT,
romel pasuxs airCevdiT am situaciaSi:
„miuxedavad imisa, rom axla ar maxsovs pasuxi,
vici, rom ramdenimeAaraswor pasuxs Soris
avirCevdi swors~. msgavs kiTxvebs usvamda harti
Tavis cdis pirebs. pasuxebSi darwmunebuloba
maT 1-dan, („sakmaod darwmunebuli var, rom ver
avirCev sworad mravlobiTi arCevanidan~), 6-de
qulebiT unda SeefasebinaT („savsebiT darwmunebuli
var, rom sworad avirCev~). Tqven rogor
gaanawilebdiT qulebs? ai, es alternativebi:
a. plutoni
b. venera
g. dedamiwa
d. iupiteri
Tu Tqven yuradRebiT daakvirdebiT darwmunebulobis
– „vgrZnob, rom vici~ gancdas, maSin
swor pasuxs im SemTxvevaSi daasaxelebT („d~s),
Tu Sefaseba iqneba 6, xolo mis aRniSnvas
naklebi albaToba eqneba, Tu Sefaseba 1 iqneba
(sando pasuxi rom miviRoT, ra Tqma unda,
kiTxvaTa didi raodenobaa saWiro). hartis mixedviT,
visac 1 quliT aqvs Tavisi darwmunebuloba
Sefasebuli, 30%-iT nakleb swor pasuxebs iZleva
maSin, rodesac 6 qula 75%-ian warmatebas
uzrunvelyofs. es faqtebi miuTiTebs imaze, rom
„vgrZnob, rom vici~ gancda SeiZleba zusti
indikatori iyos.
metamexsierebis Sesaxeb gamokvlevebi mimar-
Tulia rogorc im procesebze, romlebic
„vgrZnob, rom vici~ gancdas iwveven, aseve imaze,
Tu rogor miiRweva Sefasebis sizuste (Koriat &
Levy-Sadot, 1999; Metcalfe, 2000).
mimniSneblis nacnobobis hipoTezis mixedviT,
adamianebi Tavisi „vgrZnob, rom vici~
gancdis dros mimniSneblis nacnobobas emyarebian.
magaliTad, rodesac gekiTxebian: _ „ra
erqva beThovens?~, Tu Tqven adre gagigiaT mis
Sesaxeb, SeiZleba gagiCndeT azri, rom ramdenime
alternatividan amoicnobT mis saxels anu swor
pasuxs (Metcalfe et. al., 1993; Reder & Ritter, 1992; Schwartz
& Metcalfe, 1992).
misawvdomobis hipoTezis mixedviT, adamiani
cdilobs arasruli informaciidan swori pasu-
xis wvdomas. amrigad, Tu kiTxva: _ „ra erqva
beThovens?~, TqvenSi advilad aRZravs informacias,
romelic, Tqveni azriT, am kiTxvaze
swor pasuxTan aris dakavSirebuli, Tqven
gagiCndebaT gancda, rom swor pasuxs advilad
gamoicnobT (Koriat, 1993, 1995).
orive Teorias gaaCnia empiriuli dasabuTeba
da oriveSi igulisxmeba, rom Tqven SegiZliaT
endoT Tqvens grZnobas, rodesac darwmunebuli
xarT, rom iciT raRac (mogvianebiT Cven
SevexebiT mowmis Cvenebebze Catarebul gamokvlevebs,
romelic am zogadi wesidan gamonaklisebze
miuTiTebs).
Tqven ukve garkveuli codna gaqvT imis
Sesaxeb, Tu rogor aRibeWdeba da rogor aRdgeba
informacia Tqvens mexsierebaSi. Tqven iciT,
Tu ras niSnavs aRbeWdvisa da aRdgenis situaciebis
„kargi Tanxvedra~. Semdeg qveTavSi mexsierebis
procesebidan gadavinacvlebT mexsierebis
Sinaarsebze, anu imaze, Tu ra xdeba
mexsierebaSi.
Sejameba
xangrZlivi mexsierebis Teoriebma unda axsnan,
Tu rogor xdeba codnis SeZena da Senaxva
mexsierebaSi mTeli cxovrebis manZilze. kodirebis
specifikurobis principis mixedviT, informaciis
yvelaze kargad aRdgena xdeba maSin,
rodesac konteqsti, romelSic xdeba kodireba,
emTxveva aRdgenis pirobebs. mwkrivSi adgilmdebareobis
efeqts iwvevs TiToeuli STabeWdilebis
(sityva, movlena da a.S) mogonebis
konteqstebs Soris gansxvaveba.
Tqven daxsomebuls mimniSneblebiT eZebT.
cnoba xSirad ufro advilia, vidre mogoneba,
radgan am SemTxvevaSi mimniSneblebi met
informacias Seicaven. epizodur mexsierebaSi
daxsomeba aRbeWdvis konteqstTan mimarTebaSi
xdeba. semantikur mexsierebaSi ki informaciis
aRbeWdvis garkveul epizodTan mimarTeba dakargulia.
interferencia SeiZleba iyos proaqtiuri,
rodesac Zveli informacia ereva da xels
uSlis axlis aRbeWdvas, an retroaqtiuri,
rodesac axali informacia ereva Zvels.
informaciis gadamuSavebis Teoriis mixedviT,
informaciis ufro Rrma gadamuSaveba mis ukeTes