(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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erTad, erT-erTi pirobaa, magaliTad, rom Tqven<br />
impliciturad SegiZliaT aRadginoT masala,<br />
romelic Tavidan eqspliciturad gqondaT<br />
aRbeWdili. ase xdeba, rodesac saxeliT mimar-<br />
TavT Tqvens saukeTeso megobars da saxelis<br />
gasaxseneblad araviTari Zalisxmeva ar gWirdebaT.<br />
zustad aseve implicituri mexsierebis<br />
yvelaze aSkara gamovlenasTan gvaqvs saqme,<br />
rodesac implicituri kodirebis da implicituri<br />
aRdgenis procesebis damTxveva xdeba. amas<br />
gadatanis Sesabamisi gadamuSaveba (Transfer-appropriate<br />
pocessing) ewodeba: daxsomebis efeqti<br />
yvelaze maRalia, rodesac kodirebis procesSi<br />
warmoebuli gadamuSaveba gadadis da gamoiyeneba<br />
aRdgenis procesebSi (Roediger, 1989). Tu ramdenad<br />
efeqturia es saSualeba, amas ramdenime meTodis<br />
aRweris safuZvelze vnaxavT, romelic implicitur<br />
mexsierebaSi gamoiyeneba; Semdeg ki<br />
giCvenebT, Tu rogor xdeba kodirebisa da<br />
aRdgenis procesebis urTierTSeTanxmeba.<br />
axla ganvixiloT implicituri mexsierebis<br />
Semowmebis tipuri eqsperimenti: _ mkvlevrebi<br />
studentebs sityvaTa mwkrivs aZlevdnen da<br />
sTxovdnen 1-dan (yvelaze naklebad sasiamovno)<br />
5-mde (yvelaze metad sasiamovno) quliT skalaze<br />
SeefasebinaT, Tu ramdenad sasiamovno mniSvneloba<br />
hqonda TiToeul maTgans (Rajaram &<br />
Roediger, 1993). eqsperimentis am pirveli fazis<br />
Semdeg cdis pirTa mexsiereba Semdegi oTxidan<br />
erT-erTi implicituri mexsierebis amocaniT<br />
mowmdeboda (davuSvaT, erT-erT mwkrivSi aris<br />
sityva martorqa):<br />
fragmentuli sityvis Sevseba. cdis pirs<br />
eZleva fragmentuli sityva —rt-rq-, romelic<br />
man TavSi mosuli pirvelive sityviT unda<br />
Seavsos.<br />
sityvis fuZis Sevseba. cdis pirs evaleba<br />
Seavsos sityvis fuZe, magaliTad, mar______,<br />
TavSi mosuli pirveli sityviT.<br />
sityvis identifikacia. cdis pirebs monitorze<br />
eZlevaT sityvaTa rigi iseTi siswrafiT,<br />
rom naTlad TiToeulis aRqma ver SeZlon, magram<br />
unda gamoicnon es sityvebi. am SemTxvevaSi erTerTi<br />
sityva iqneba martorqa.<br />
anagrama. cdis pirebs eZlevaT igive sityva,<br />
magram areuli asoebiT, magaliTad, qatorarma<br />
da maT unda daasaxelon pirveli azriani sityva,<br />
romelic TavSi mouvaT.<br />
zustad iseve, rogorc martorqis SemTxvevaSi,<br />
swor pasuxs TiToeul amocanaze gansazRvravs<br />
adre miwodebuli mwkrivis sityvebi. amave dros,<br />
yvelaze sayuradRebo isaa, rom eqsperimentatori<br />
cdis piris yuradRebas specialurad ar warmar-<br />
Tavs Sesabamisobaze adre mwkrivSi arsebul<br />
sityvebsa da axali amocanis pasuxebs Soris –<br />
swored amitom aris mexsiereba implicituri.<br />
implicituri mexsierebis Sesafaseblad<br />
mkvlevrebi im cdis pirTa Sedegebs, romlebmac<br />
gaiares eqsperimentis pirveli stadia da<br />
Seafases sityvebi sasiamovno-usiamovno mniSvnelobis<br />
mixedviT (magaliTad, martorqa) udarebdnen<br />
imaT monacemebs, visac es pirveli stadia<br />
ar gauvlia. suraTi 8.9 gviCvenebs, Tu ra gavlenas<br />
axdens implicituri mexsiereba sityvebze:<br />
procenti gviCvenebs, Tu ramdeni sityva aRadgines<br />
sworad cdis pirebma im sityvebidan, romlebic<br />
pirvelad miwodebul mwkrivebSi iyo, imasTan<br />
SedarebiT, romelic am mwkrivebSi ar iyo.<br />
sxvadasxva cdis pirebs sityvaTa sxvadasxva<br />
mwkrivebi miewodeboda. yoveli davalebis<br />
SemTxvevaSi xedavT, rom upiratesoba adre nanax<br />
sityvebs eniWebaT, maSinac ki, rodesac cdis<br />
pirebs mxolod sasiamovno-usiamovno mniSvnelobis<br />
mixedviT moeTxovebaT maTi Sefaseba. am<br />
upiratesobas praimings (Priming) uwodeben, radgan<br />
winaswar sityvis aRqma TiTqos amzadebs da<br />
xels uwyobs Semdgomi gamocdilebis miRebas.<br />
mexsierebis zogierTi amocanis SemTxvevaSi<br />
praimingis efeqti kviraze metxans grZeldeba<br />
(Sloman et al., 1988).<br />
axla davubrundeT kodirebasa da aRdgenas<br />
Soris Tanxvdenis sakiTxs. implicituri mexsierebis<br />
oTxive testi masSi mocemuli informaciis<br />
fizikuri maxasiaTeblebis Tanxvedras gulisxmobs.<br />
sxva sityvebiT, ra procesebic moqmedebs<br />
gadamuSavebis doneebis Teoria (Levels-of-processing<br />
theory) _ am Teoriis mixedviT, rac ufro<br />
Rrma doneze xdeba informaciis gadamuSaveba,<br />
miT ufro ukeT daamaxsovrdeba igi adamians.<br />
gadatanis Sesabamisi gadamuSaveba (Transfer-approptiate<br />
processing) _ Tvalsazrisi, romlis mixedviTac<br />
mogoneba saukeTesoa, rodesac implicituri<br />
kodirebis da implicituri aRdgenis<br />
procesebis damTxveva xdeba.<br />
praimingi (Priming) _ implicituri mexsierebis<br />
Sefasebisas upiratesoba, romelic adre gagonil<br />
sityvas, an nanax situacias eniWeba.<br />
xangrZlivi mexsiereba: kodireba da Senaxva<br />
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