(natia) ZIMBARDO

noben adamians, manam, sanam saubars gaagrZelebdeT,
gaimeoreT ramdenjerme misi saxeli da
gvari.
amrigad, SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom ganmeoreba
dagexmarebaT, raTa SevinarCunoT informacia
xanmokle mexsierebaSi. magram, Tu es informacia
sakmaod rTulia, an didia gasameoreblad, maSin
mis SenarCunebaSi dajgufebis strategia dagexmarebaT.
dajgufeba (Chunking)
jgufi (Chank) azris matarebeli informaciis
erTeulia (Anderson, 1996). es erTeuli SeiZleba
erTi aso an erTi cifri, an ramdenime wevrisgan
Semdgari jgufi, sityvac da winadadebac ki iyos.
magaliTad, cifrebis es Tanmimdevroba 1 9 8 4 oTxi
erTeulisgan Sedgeba da Tavisuflad jdeba
xanmokle mexsierebis moculobaSi. magram Tu
Tqven am cifrebs aRiqvamT, rogorc weliwads
(1984 weli), an jorj orvelis wignis _ „1984"
saTaurs, maSin es erTi erTeuli iqneba da Tqvens
xanmokle mexsierebaSi sxva masalisTvisac dagr-
CebaT adgili. dajgufeba (Chunking), msgavsebis
an sxva maorganizebeli principis safuZvelze,
dasaxsomebeli masalis patar-patara jgufebad
rekonfiguraciis an xangrZliv mexsierebaSi
Senaxul informaciaze dayrdnobiT ufro didi
jgufebis (patterns) Seqmnis procesia (Baddeley, 1994).
ramdeni erTeulisgan Sedgeba cifrebis mwkrivi
_ 19411917186518121776?
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu erTeulad ganixilavT
TiToeul cifrs, Tqveni pasuxi iqneba „20“, xolo
Tu am Tanmimdevrobas gaanawilebT amerikis
SeerTebul Statebis istoriaSi momxdari omebis
mixedviT, pasuxi iqneba „5~. Tu Tqven meore
strategias airCevT, erTi Tvalis gadavlebiTac
Zalian gagiadvildebaT igive TnmimdevrobiT am
mwkrivis aRdgena, xolo Tu am mwkrivs, rogorc
20 damoukidebeli erTeulisgan Semgars ganixilavT,
ara Tu misi TanmimdevrobiT, aramed srulad
aRdgenasac verafriT SeZlebT.
Tqveni xanmokle mexsierebis moculoba
aucileblad gaizrdeba, Tu Tqven didi moculobis
masalis ramdenime jgufSi gaerTianebis
gzas monaxavT. cnobil pirovnebas S. F-s (igi
gamoCenili mrboleli iyo) 84 cifris daxsomeba
SeeZlo maTi distanciis garbenis droTa mixedviT
dajgufebis safuZvelze.
saidan
viciT
dajgufebis (Chanking) upiratesoba
S.F-is oqmi gviCvenebs mis gonebamaxvilobas.
ramdenadac is grZel distanciebze
darboda, man SeamCnia, rom mwkrivis bevri
cifri SeiZleba dajgufebuliyo, rogorc
garbenis dro sxvadasxva distanciaze. magaliTad,
man moaxdina 34925614935 mwkrivis
Semdegi saxiT dekodireba: - 3:49,2 aris
sarekordo dro; 56,14 aris 10 milis distanciaze
garbenis dro; 9,35 sWirdeba 2 milis
garbenas. Semdgom dasaxsomebeli mwkrivis
dasajgufeblad S.F. iyenebda, agreTve, asaks,
RirSesaniSnav TariRebs, specialur cifrobriv
kodebs. aseve, SeeZlo mas Tavisi
xangrZlivi mexsiereba gamoeyenebina, raTa
grZeli, SemTxveviTi wesiT dalagebuli
wevrebi azrian jgufebad gaeerTianebina.
magram, amave dros, S.F-s asoebze saSualo
mexsiereba hqonda, radgan ar hqonda gamomuSavebuli
asoTa mwkrivis dajgufebis
araviTari strategia (Chase & Ericsson, 1981;
Ericsson & Chase, 1982).
S.F-is msgavsad, Tqvenc SegiZliaT, axlad
Semosuli informaciis gadastruqtureba moaxdinoT
Tqveni pirovnuli gamocdilebidan gamomdinare
(magaliTad, daukavSiroT is megobrebis,
an naTesavebis asaks), an daukavSiroT axali masala
Tqvens xangrZliv mexsierebaSi arsebul kodebs.
maSinac ki, rodesac Tqven ver SeZeliT Tqvens
xangrZliv mexsierebaSi arsebuli wesebis,
mniSvnelobebis Tu kodebis gamoyeneba, am strategiiT
sargebloba mainc SesaZlebelia. SegiZliaT
daajgufoT ritmis, riTmis, an droiTi
intervalebis mixedviT (magaliTad, 181379256460dan
miiRebT 4 erTeuls: 181, 379, 256 da 460).
yoveldRiuri gamocdilebidan Tqven iciT, rom
aseTi dajgufebis principi mSvenivrad muSaobs
telefonis nomris damaxsovrebisas.
xanmokle mexsierebidan informaciis
aRdgena
ganmeorebasa da dajgufebazea damokidebuli,
Tu rogor aRibeWdeba informacia, raTa uzrunvelyofil
iqnes misi Senaxva, magram am
xanmokle mexsiereba da muSa mexsiereba
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