(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO (natia) ZIMBARDO
Tavi 7 / daswavla da qceviTi analizi 240 muSaveba, raTa SeebrZolos im substanciebs, romlebic organizms vneben _ arsebobda. eqsperimentebma ganpirobebulobaze daadastures am daskvnebis mcdaroba. saidan viciT klasikuri ganpirobebuloba da imunologiuri funqcia robert aderma da nikolas kohenma (Robert Ader and Nicholas Cohen, 1981) virTxebs aswavles saxarinis (ganpirobebuli stimuli) asocireba ciklofosfamidTan (ganupirobebeli stimuli), wamalTan, romelic asustebs imunur sistemas. sakontrolo jgufi iRebda mxolod saxarins. mogvianebiT, roca virTxebis orive jgufs misces saxarini, im virTxebSi, romlebSic saxarini ciklofosfamidis asociacias iwvevda, warmoiSva metad naklebi antisxeulebi ucxo ujredebis mimarT, vidre sakontrolo jgufis virTxebSi. amgvarad, daswavlili asociacia sakmarisi aRmoCnda imisaTvis, rom Seemcirebina imuniteti da virTxebi ufro mowyvladi gaexada sxvadasxva daavadebebis mimarT. daswavlis efeqti imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom zogierTi virTxa mokvda mxolod saxarinis xsnaris dalevis Semdeg. aseTma Sedegebma SeiZleba advilad migviyvanos im daskvnamde, rom saWiroa klasikuri ganpirobebulobis aRmofxvra imunuri sistemis Sesanar- Cuneblad. kvlevis axalma sferom, fsiqoneiroimunologiam Seiswavla aseTi tipis Sedegebi. am kvlevaSi Sedis fsiqologia, centraluri nervuli sistema da imunuri sistema (Ader & Cohen, 1993; Coe, 1999). am axali dargis mizania, aRmoaCinos axali teqnika, romelic saSualebas miscems ganpirobebulobas, Secvalos is medikamenturi dozebi, romlebsac xSirad seriozuli gverdiTi movlenebi aqvT. aderma da misma kolegam antoni suxmanma, aRmoaCines, rom maRali wnevis mqone pacientebs, romlebsac mouxsnes wamlebi, magram mkurnalobdnen placeboTi, wneva ufro didxans SeunarCundaT normis farglebSi, vidre maT, romlebic ar iRebdnen placebo abebs (Suchman & Ader, 1989). rogor SeeZlo inertul abebs moexsna maRali wnevis problema? pasuxi viciT winamdebare Tavidan, romelic exeboda narkotikuli nivTierebis mimarT mimReblobas. warmoidgineT rutina, romelic viTardeba wamlis regularulad miRebis dros. wamlis miRebis es rituali SeiZleba aRviqvaT, rogorc ganpirobebuli stimuli, romelic moaswavebs ganupirobebel stimuls – wamlis miRebas. mxolod Tavad am aqtma SeiZleba Seamciros sisxlis wneva. amgvarad, placebo, romelic ubralod qmnis rituals, iwvevs sasargeblo organul reaqcias. imisaTvis, rom kvlevis Sedegi samkurnalo meTodad iqces, mkvlevrebi unda darwmundnen, fsiqoneiroimunologia (Psychoneuroimmunology) – kvlevis dargi, romelic swavlobs interaqcias iseT fiziologiur procesebs Soris, rogorebicaa reaqcia stresze da imunuri sistemis funqcionireba.
om wamlis uaryofiTi efeqtebic ar gamovlindeba ganpirobebulobis Sedegad. mkvlevrebs imedi aqvT, rom SeimuSaveben teqnikas, romelic ganavrcobs da gazrdis imunur reaqciebs klasikuri ganpirobebulobis meSveobiT. saidan viciT imunuri reaqciis ganpirobebuli gaumjobeseba mecnierebis jgufma Seqmna ganpirobebulobis situacia, romelSic saxarinis gemo dawyvilda lisozimTan, nivTierebasTan, romelic iwvevs reaqcias virTxis imunur sistemaSi. am paradigmaSi saxarini asrulebda ganpirobebuli stimulis rols, xolo lisozimi – ganupirobebeli stimulisas. dawyvileba mxolod erTxel moxda. miuxedavad amisa, rodesac virTxebis erT jgufs saxariniT gazavebuli wamali misces, magram lisozimis gareSe, maT organizmebs hqondaT iseTive Zlieri imunuri reaqcia, rogoric meore jgufs, romelsac mxolod lisizimi miewoda (Alvarez-Borda et al., 1995). es eqsmperimenti TvalsaCinoebaa imisa, rom mxolod erTi epizodi, sadac ganpirobebuli stimuli asocirebuli iyo ganupirobebel stimulTan, sakmarisi aRmoCnda imisTvis, rom imunuri reaqcia mxolod ganpirobebul stimulze warmoSobiliyo. amgvarad, cxadi xdeba klasikuri ganpirobebulobis potencia imunuri sistemis gasaZliereblad. vidre „fsiqologia da cxovrebas~ waikiTxavdiT, albaT Zalian cota ram icodiT klasikuri ganpirobebulobis Sesaxeb, Tu ar CavTvliT bundovan warmodgenas pavlovsa da mis ZaRlebze. vimedovnebT, rom ukve sakmaod kargad gaecaniT daswavlis am saxeobas, raTa daafasoT misi mniSvneloba Tqvens yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi. Semdegi Cveni gansjis sagani iqneba daswavlis iseTi saxeoba, romlis Sesaxebac, savaraudod, meti gifiqriaT, vidre fsiqologiis kursis Seswavlas daiwyebdiT. Tu odesme mainc gifiqriaT imaze, Tu rogor cvlis qcevas dajildoeba da dasja, ukve erTi nabijiT win xarT operantuli ganpirobebulobis sakiTxSi. Sejameba mas Semdeg, rac pavlovma SemTxveviT aRmoaCina klasikuri ganpirobebulobis ZiriTadi principebi, mTeli Tavisi darCenili kariera im specifikur cvladebs dauTmo, romlebic ganpirobebulobaze axdenen gavlenas. klasikur ganpirobebulobaSi ganupirobebeli stimuli iwvevs refleqsur qcevas, romelsac ganupirobebeli pasuxi, reaqcia ewodeba (unconditioned response). manamde neitraluri, ganpirobebuli stimulis ganupirobebel stimulTan Sewyvilebis Semdeg, ganpirobebuli stimuli iwvevs ganpirobebul reaqcias. drois faqtors didi mniSvneloba aqvs ganpirobebuli reaqciis SeZenisaTvis. stimulis generalizacias maSin aqvs adgili, rodesac ganpirobebuli stimulis msgavsi gamRizianebeli ganpirobebul reaqcias iwvevs. cxovelebis gawvrTna SesaZlebelia ise, rom maT gadalaxon generalizacia da SeZlon Sesatyvisi da Seusatyvisi ganpirobebuli stimulis garCeva, gansxvaveba. klasikurad ganpirobebuli reaqciebis SeZena damokidebulia ganpirobebul da ganupirobebel stimulebs Soris kontingentursa da informatiul damokidebulebaze. cxovrebiseuli magaliTebi klasikuri ganpirobebulobisa gvxvdeba emociebis, narkotikul nivTierebebisadmi mimReblobisa da fsiqoneiroimunologiis sferoebSi. operantuli ganpirobebuloba: swavleba Sedegebis Sesaxeb davbrundeT kinoTeatrSi: saSinelebaTa filmi damTavrda da Tqven gaWirvebiT adeqiT Tqveni adgilidan. megobari, visTan erTadac uyureT films, gekiTxebaT, rogor imoqmeda filmma. Tqven pasuxobT: „me viswavle, rom saSinelebaTa filmze aRar unda wamovide~. albaT, marTali xarT, magram ra saxis daswavlaa es? pasuxs kidev erTxel gadavyavarT XX saukunis dasawyisSi. operantuli ganpirobebuloba: swavlebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb 241
- Page 1 and 2: cedurebs, radgan es procedurebi arR
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- Page 5 and 6: normalur „TvaldaxuWul~ modunebul
- Page 7 and 8: xevian da glosolaliis (lingvistur S
- Page 9 and 10: Zlieri nivTierebebi, rogoricaa stim
- Page 11 and 12: Sekavebis an Semcirebis saSualebiT.
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- Page 15 and 16: daswavla daswavla da da qceviTi qce
- Page 17 and 18: ganixileba ganpirobebulobis ori Zir
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- Page 25 and 26: SeiZleba Caqrobis Semdegac Seaxseno
- Page 27 and 28: suraTi 7.7 reskorlas procedura alba
- Page 29 and 30: ganpirobebuloba gamoviyenoT imunolo
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- Page 35 and 36: suraTi 7.11 operantuli kabina sagan
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- Page 41 and 42: aris (Chess & Thomas; 1984). savara
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- Page 47 and 48: ganxilvaze, romlebic daswavlis zoga
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- Page 55 and 56: cxovrebaSi Zaladobis gamovlenis ara
- Page 57 and 58: ZiriTadi sakiTxebi ganpirobebuloba
- Page 59 and 60: Tavis avtobiografias marlon brando
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om wamlis uaryofiTi efeqtebic ar gamovlindeba<br />
ganpirobebulobis Sedegad.<br />
mkvlevrebs imedi aqvT, rom SeimuSaveben<br />
teqnikas, romelic ganavrcobs da gazrdis imunur<br />
reaqciebs klasikuri ganpirobebulobis meSveobiT.<br />
saidan<br />
viciT<br />
imunuri reaqciis ganpirobebuli<br />
gaumjobeseba<br />
mecnierebis jgufma Seqmna ganpirobebulobis<br />
situacia, romelSic saxarinis gemo<br />
dawyvilda lisozimTan, nivTierebasTan,<br />
romelic iwvevs reaqcias virTxis imunur<br />
sistemaSi. am paradigmaSi saxarini asrulebda<br />
ganpirobebuli stimulis rols,<br />
xolo lisozimi – ganupirobebeli stimulisas.<br />
dawyvileba mxolod erTxel moxda.<br />
miuxedavad amisa, rodesac virTxebis erT<br />
jgufs saxariniT gazavebuli wamali misces,<br />
magram lisozimis gareSe, maT organizmebs<br />
hqondaT iseTive Zlieri imunuri<br />
reaqcia, rogoric meore jgufs, romelsac<br />
mxolod lisizimi miewoda (Alvarez-Borda<br />
et al., 1995).<br />
es eqsmperimenti TvalsaCinoebaa imisa, rom<br />
mxolod erTi epizodi, sadac ganpirobebuli<br />
stimuli asocirebuli iyo ganupirobebel<br />
stimulTan, sakmarisi aRmoCnda imisTvis, rom<br />
imunuri reaqcia mxolod ganpirobebul stimulze<br />
warmoSobiliyo. amgvarad, cxadi xdeba<br />
klasikuri ganpirobebulobis potencia imunuri<br />
sistemis gasaZliereblad.<br />
vidre „fsiqologia da cxovrebas~ waikiTxavdiT,<br />
albaT Zalian cota ram icodiT klasikuri<br />
ganpirobebulobis Sesaxeb, Tu ar CavTvliT<br />
bundovan warmodgenas pavlovsa da mis ZaRlebze.<br />
vimedovnebT, rom ukve sakmaod kargad gaecaniT<br />
daswavlis am saxeobas, raTa daafasoT misi<br />
mniSvneloba Tqvens yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi.<br />
Semdegi Cveni gansjis sagani iqneba daswavlis<br />
iseTi saxeoba, romlis Sesaxebac, savaraudod,<br />
meti gifiqriaT, vidre fsiqologiis kursis Seswavlas<br />
daiwyebdiT. Tu odesme mainc gifiqriaT<br />
imaze, Tu rogor cvlis qcevas dajildoeba da<br />
dasja, ukve erTi nabijiT win xarT operantuli<br />
ganpirobebulobis sakiTxSi.<br />
Sejameba<br />
mas Semdeg, rac pavlovma SemTxveviT aRmoaCina<br />
klasikuri ganpirobebulobis ZiriTadi principebi,<br />
mTeli Tavisi darCenili kariera im<br />
specifikur cvladebs dauTmo, romlebic<br />
ganpirobebulobaze axdenen gavlenas. klasikur<br />
ganpirobebulobaSi ganupirobebeli stimuli<br />
iwvevs refleqsur qcevas, romelsac ganupirobebeli<br />
pasuxi, reaqcia ewodeba (unconditioned response).<br />
manamde neitraluri, ganpirobebuli<br />
stimulis ganupirobebel stimulTan Sewyvilebis<br />
Semdeg, ganpirobebuli stimuli iwvevs<br />
ganpirobebul reaqcias. drois faqtors didi<br />
mniSvneloba aqvs ganpirobebuli reaqciis SeZenisaTvis.<br />
stimulis generalizacias maSin aqvs<br />
adgili, rodesac ganpirobebuli stimulis<br />
msgavsi gamRizianebeli ganpirobebul reaqcias<br />
iwvevs. cxovelebis gawvrTna SesaZlebelia ise,<br />
rom maT gadalaxon generalizacia da SeZlon<br />
Sesatyvisi da Seusatyvisi ganpirobebuli stimulis<br />
garCeva, gansxvaveba. klasikurad ganpirobebuli<br />
reaqciebis SeZena damokidebulia ganpirobebul<br />
da ganupirobebel stimulebs Soris<br />
kontingentursa da informatiul damokidebulebaze.<br />
cxovrebiseuli magaliTebi klasikuri<br />
ganpirobebulobisa gvxvdeba emociebis, narkotikul<br />
nivTierebebisadmi mimReblobisa da<br />
fsiqoneiroimunologiis sferoebSi.<br />
operantuli ganpirobebuloba:<br />
swavleba Sedegebis<br />
Sesaxeb<br />
davbrundeT kinoTeatrSi: saSinelebaTa filmi<br />
damTavrda da Tqven gaWirvebiT adeqiT Tqveni<br />
adgilidan. megobari, visTan erTadac uyureT<br />
films, gekiTxebaT, rogor imoqmeda filmma. Tqven<br />
pasuxobT: „me viswavle, rom saSinelebaTa filmze<br />
aRar unda wamovide~. albaT, marTali xarT, magram<br />
ra saxis daswavlaa es? pasuxs kidev erTxel<br />
gadavyavarT XX saukunis dasawyisSi.<br />
operantuli ganpirobebuloba: swavlebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb<br />
241
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