(natia) ZIMBARDO

es kaci regularulad iRebda gacilebiT ufro
did dozebs, vidre man sikvdilis win miiRo. am
SemTxvevam aaforiaqa mkvlevrebi – rogor
SeiZleboda aseT dozas moekla organizmi,
romelsac am nivTierebis sakmaod didi
mimRebloba hqonda?
pavlovma (1927) da mogvianebiT misma kolegam
bikovma (1957) aRmoaCines, rom mimRebloba
narkotikebis mimarT SeiZleba maSin ganviTardes,
rodesac adamiani elodeba wamlis farmakologiur
moqmedebas. Tanamedrove mkvlevarma
Sefard sigelma (Shepard Siegel) daxvewa es ideebi.
igi Tvlida, rom is garemo, romelSic gamoiyeneba
wamali, aqcevs mas ganpirobebul stimulad
im situaciisaTvis, romelSic organizmi
ewinaaRmdegeba wamlis Cveul efeqts. wamlis
miRebisas wamali (ganupirobebeli stimuli)
iwvevs gansazRvrul fiziologiur reaqciebs,
razec organizmi reagirebs sawinaaRmdegod
homeostazis damyarebis mizniT (ix. Tavi 3).
swored esaa am SemTxvevaSi ganupirobebeli
reaqcia. droTa ganmavlobaSi kompensatoruli
reaqciac ganpirobebuli reaqcia xdeba. es
niSnavs, rom garemoSi, romelic, Cveulebriv,
asocirebulia wamlis gamoyenebasTan (ganpirobebuli
stimuli), organizmi fiziologiurad
amzadebs Tavs (ganpirobebuli reaqcia) wamlis
mosalodneli efeqtebisaTvis. mimRebloba Cndeba
imitom, rom individis mier moxmarebuli wamali
metia kompensatorul reaqciaze, sanam daiwyeba
raime saxis „dadebiTi~ efeqti. mzardi doza
niSnavs, rom izrdeba kompensatoruli reaqciac.
sigelma es ideebi gamoscada laboratoriaSi,
gamoumuSava ra virTxebs mimRebloba heroinis
mimarT.
saidan
viciT
narkotikul nivTierebebze
damokidebulebis ganpirobebulobis
aspeqtebi
erT-erT kvlevaSi sigelma da misma
kolegebma gamoiwvies virTxebSi heroinis
ineqciis molodini – erT SemTxvevaSi (ganpirobebuli
stimuli 1) da deqstrozis
(tkbili Saqari) – meoreSi (ganpirobebuli
stimuli 2) (Siegel et al., 1982). wvrTnis pirvel
fazaSi yvela virTxas ganuviTarda mimRebloba
heroinis mimarT. sakontrolo dRes
yvela virTxam miiRo heroinis Cveulebrivze
didi, TiTqmis orjer meti doza. virTxebis
naxevars heroini ukve miRebuli hqonda,
xolo meore naxevars ganpirobebulobisaTvis
eZleoda deqstrozi. ukanaskneli
jgufidan mokvda orjer meti (64) virTxa,
vidre pirvelidan (32).
savaraudod, virTxebi, romlebic iRebdnen
heroins, ufro momzadebulebi iyvnen am potenciurad
saxifaTo situaciisaTvis, radgan
konteqstma (ganpirobebuli stimuli 1) gamoiwvia
iseTi fiziologiuri reaqcia (ganpirobebuli
reaqcia 1) romelmac winaaRmdegoba gauwia wamlis
tipur efeqts (Poulos & Cappell, 1991).
imis gamosakvlevad, igive process SeiZleba
Tu ara adgili hqondes adamianebSi, sigelma da
misma kolegebma gamokiTxes heroinze damokidebulni,
romlebic araerTxel sikvdilis piras
iyvnen misulni zedmeti dozis gamo. aTidan
Svid SemTxvevaSi wamali miRebuli iyo axal
da ucxo garemoSi (Siegel, 1984). miuxedavad imisa,
rom es aranair monacemebs ar gvaZlevs, cxadi
xdeba, rom doza, romlis mimarTac individs
SemuSavebuli aqvs mimRebloba, SeiZleba zedmet,
momakvdinebel dozad iqces ucxo garemoSi. es
analizi gveubneba, rom manhetenze napovn kacs
arasodes gaukeTebia wamali swored im adgilas,
sadac igi ipoves.
miuxedavad imisa, rom mocemuli kvleva
exeboda heroins, klasikuri ganpirobebuloba
mniSvnelovani komponentia sxvadasxva wamlis
mimarT mimReblobis gazrdaSi (Goodison & Siegel,
1995; Poulos & Cappell, 1991; Siegel, 1999). ase rom, igive
sawyisebi, romlebsac pavlovi swavlobda
ZaRlebis, zarebis da nerwyvis gamoyofasTan
dakavSirebiT, gvexmareba, avxsnaT zogierTi
meqanizmi adamianis narkotikul nivTierebebze
damokidebulebisa.
klasikuri ganpirobebulobis gamoyeneba
adreul, 1980-ian wlebSi mkvlevrebma gaakeTes
aRmoCena, rom daswavlis procesebma SeiZleba
gavlena iqonion organizmis imunur sistemaze.
istoriulad dadasturebulia, rom imunologiuri
reaqciebi _ antisxeulebis swrafi gamo-
klasikuri ganpirobebuloba
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