(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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SeiZleba Caqrobis Semdegac Seaxsenos organizms<br />
Tavi. sxva sityvebiT, Caqrobam mxolod Seasusta<br />
daswavlili asociaciis gamovlena da ara<br />
saerTod amoSala mocemuli paterni. swored<br />
amitom unda gavmijnoT daswavla da gamovlenis<br />
xarisxi daswavlis sawyis ganmartebaSi.<br />
stimulis ganzogadeba (generalizacia)<br />
davuSvaT, ZaRlma iswavla, rom garkveuli<br />
sixSiris zaris xma niSnavs sakvebis miRebas.<br />
specifikuria Tu ara ZaRlis reaqcia mxolod<br />
am stimulis mimarT? araa gasakviri, magram am<br />
kiTxvis pasuxia „ara~. zogadad, radgan erTxel<br />
gansazRvrulma ganpirobebulma stimulma gamoiwvia<br />
gansazRvruli ganpirobebuli reaqcia,<br />
msgavsma stimulma SeiZleba imave warmatebiT<br />
gamoiwvios msgavsi reaqcia. magaliTad, Tu<br />
ganpirobebuloba dakavSirebuli iyo maRali<br />
sixSiris mqone zarTan, dabali sixSirec gamoiwvevda<br />
ganpirobebul reaqcias. bavSvs, romelsac<br />
ukbens didi ZaRli, am SemTxvevis Semdeg patara<br />
ZaRlebisac SeeSindeba. am avtomatur dawyvilebas<br />
stimulisa, romelic arasdros yofila dakav-<br />
Sirebuli ganupirobebel reaqciasTan, stimulis<br />
ganzogadeba ewodeba. rac ufro mimsgavsebulia<br />
mocemuli stimuli sawyis ganpirobebul stimulTan,<br />
miT ufro Zlieri iqneba reaqcia. rodesac<br />
reaqciis siZliere izomeba mocemul ganzomilebaSi<br />
yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis, cxadi xdeba<br />
generalizaciis gradienti (ix. sur. 7.5).<br />
generalizaciis gradientis arsebobam Tavad<br />
unda gvikarnaxos klasikuri ganpirobebulobis<br />
meqanizmi yoveldRiur gamocdilebaSi. radgan<br />
mniSvnelovani stimuli bunebaSi iSviaTad<br />
vlindeba zustad erTi da imave formiT, stimulis<br />
ganzogadebis faqtori afarToebs daswavlis<br />
speqtrs sawyisi gamocdilebis miRmac. amgvarad,<br />
axali movlena SieZleba aRqmul iqnes,<br />
rogorc imave Sinaarsis an qceviTi mniSvnelobis<br />
mqone, miuxedavad aSkara gansxvavebebisa.<br />
stimulis diskriminacia<br />
zogierT garemoebaSi mniSvnelovania, rom<br />
reaqcia mxolod stimulis mcire raodenobaze<br />
aRmocendes. organizmma ar unda gadatvirTos<br />
sakuTari Tavi imiT, rom yvelanairi cxovelisgan<br />
garbodes, romelic namdvil mtacebels waagavs.<br />
stimulis diskriminacia aris procesi, romlis<br />
drosac organizmi swavlobs, gansxvavebuli<br />
reaqcia moaxdinos erTi da imave saxis gansxvavebul<br />
stimulebze (magaliTad, gansxvaveba<br />
wyalsa da zeTs Soris). organizmis mier<br />
stimulis diskriminaciis daswavla SeiZleba<br />
eqsperimentuli procesiT, romlis drosac sxvadasxva<br />
intensivobis zaris SemTxvevaSi mxolod,<br />
magaliTad, 1,200 herci sixSiris zars mohyveba<br />
ganupirobebeli stimuli, xolo sxvebi mis<br />
gareSe meordebian. ganpirobebulobis pirvel<br />
etapze ganpirobebuli stimulis msgavsi stimuli<br />
msgavs reaqcias, Tumca arc ise Zliers,<br />
warmoSobs. diskriminaciis treningis gagrZelebasTan<br />
erTad reaqcia sxva msgavs stimulebze<br />
iklebs. organizmi TandaTan swavlobs, romeli<br />
stimuli moaswavebs ganupirobebel stimuls<br />
da romeli _ ara.<br />
organizmma rom qceva optimalurad, saWiro<br />
drosa da adgilas gamoavlinos, unda arsebobdes<br />
balansi stimulis diskriminaciasa da ganzogadebas<br />
Soris. ar aris saWiro, bevri dro daeTmos<br />
stimulis diskriminacias; amasobaSi, SesaZloa<br />
mtaceblis arseboba gamogvrCes da arc zedmeti<br />
reaqciaa saWiro, raTa yvela Crdili ar gva-<br />
Sinebdes. klasikuri ganpirobebuloba organizms<br />
uzrunvelyofs meqanizmiT, romelic saSualebas<br />
aZlevs am ukanasknels, Sesabamisad reagirebdes<br />
garemos struqturebze (Garcia, 1990).<br />
SeZena<br />
am qveTavSi ufro vrclad ganvixilavT im<br />
pirobebs, romlebic saWiroa klasikuri ganpirobebulobisaTvis.<br />
aqamde Cven klasikurad<br />
ganpirobebuli reaqciebis SeZena aRvwereT, Tumca<br />
ar agvixsnia es fenomeni. pavlovi Tvlida,<br />
rom klasikuri ganpirobebuloba ganpirobebuli<br />
da ganupirobebeli stimulebis dawyvilebis Sedegia.<br />
misi azriT, Tu reaqcia klasikuradaa<br />
ganpirobebuli, ganpirobebuli da ganupirobebeli<br />
stimulebi TiTqmis erTdroulad unda<br />
gamovlindnen, anu adgili hqondes droSi<br />
stimulis diskriminacia (stimulus discrimination) _<br />
ganpirobebulobis procesi, romlis drosac organizmi<br />
swavlobs, gansxvavebulad upasuxos gam-<br />
Rizianebels (stimuls), romelic ganpirobebuli<br />
stimulisagan raime ganzomilebiT gansxvavdeba.<br />
klasikuri ganpirobebuloba<br />
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