(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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leba iswavlos man aqedan. Tqven SeiZleba<br />
mibaZoT riskis gawevis models; uaRresad kreatuli<br />
adamianebi mzad arian dadgnen `gaukvalav<br />
gzaze~. aseve, SegiZliaT gaiziaroT momzadebis<br />
modeli. gansakuTrebuli kreatulobiT dajildoebuli<br />
adamianebi wlebs uTmoben im sferoSi<br />
daxelovnebas, romelSic saukeTesoni iqnebian<br />
(Weisberg,1986). SesaZlebelia gaiziaroT Sinagani<br />
motivaciis modeli (Pattern of intrinsic motivation).<br />
SemoqmedebiTi adamianebi gulmodgined asruleben<br />
mocemul davalebebs, radgan siamovnebas da<br />
kmayofilebas aniWebT is, rasac isini qmnian<br />
(Collins & Amabile, 1999). Tu Tqvens cxovrebaSi<br />
SeZlebT am sami modelis sakuTar Tavze<br />
morgebas, maSin moaxerxebT Tqveni SemoqmedebiTi<br />
unarebis metad gamovlenas.<br />
axla ukve iciT is xerxebi, romelTa saSualebiT<br />
fsiqologebi afaseben da xsnian individualur<br />
gansxvavebebs, romelebic arseboben<br />
inteleqtsa da kreatulobas Soris, Tumca,<br />
ueWvelia, iciT, rom adamianis gasagebad gacilebiT<br />
metia saWiro, vidre codna misi inteleqtualobisa<br />
da SemoqmedebiTobis xarisxis Sesaxeb.<br />
Semdeg qveTavSi ganvixilavT im xerxebs,<br />
romliTac fsiqologebi iReben informacias im<br />
pirovnuli Tvisebebis diapazonis Sesaxeb, romlebic<br />
TiToeuli individis unikalurobas<br />
gansazRvravs.<br />
Sejameba<br />
kreatuloba divergentuli azrovnebis testebiT<br />
izomeba. zogierTi Sexedulebis sawinaaRmdegod,<br />
ar dadasturda mWidro kavSiri SemoqmedebiTobasa<br />
da SeSlilobas Soris, Tumca,<br />
SemoqmedebiToba moiTxovs garkveuli riskis<br />
gawevas, momzadebasa da motivacias.<br />
Sefaseba da sazogadoeba<br />
fsiqologiuri Sefasebis ZiriTadi mizani<br />
adamianebis zustad Sefasebaa, rac eqspertebis<br />
mier gakeTebul SeZlebisdagvarad uSecdobo<br />
daskvebSi aisaxeba. am miznis miRweva SesaZlebelia<br />
maswavleblebis, damqiraveblebis da sxva<br />
Semfaseblebis subieqturi daskvnebis ufro<br />
obieqturi sazomebiT SecvliT, romlebic<br />
sakmaod zedmiwevniT, guldasmiTaa agebuli da<br />
Riaa kritikuli SefasebisaTvis. swored am<br />
mizanma misca dasabami alfred bines pionerul<br />
Sromas. bines da sxvebs miaCndaT, rom testireba<br />
xels Seuwyobda sazogadoebis demokratizacias<br />
da Seamcirebda sqesis, rasis, erovnebis, privilegiebis,<br />
an fizikuri garegnobis SemTxveviT<br />
kriteriumebze dafuZnebul gadawyvetilebebs,<br />
Tumca, am amaRlebuli miznebis miuxedavad,<br />
fsiqologiaSi ar arsebobs Sefasebaze ufro<br />
sakamaTo sfero. polemika ZiriTad sam eTikur<br />
sakiTxs exeba: (1) testze dafuZnebuli gadawyvetilebebis<br />
samarTlianobas, (2) ganaTlebis<br />
Sesafasebeli testebis vargisianobasa da (3)<br />
testis qulebis gamoyenebas individebis<br />
garkveul kategoriebSi gaerTianebis mizniT.<br />
testirebis procesis kritikosebi aRniSnaven,<br />
rom zogierTebisTvis testirebis sazRauri, an<br />
uaryofiTi Sedegebi ufro metia, vidre<br />
sxvebisaTvis (Bond, 1995). sazRauri sakmaod<br />
maRalia, magaliTad, rodesac testi, romelzec<br />
Sefaseba da sazogadoeba<br />
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