(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Tavi 10 / inteleqti da inteleqtis Sefaseba<br />
380<br />
badi sakiTxia, vinaidan saemigracio kvotebis,<br />
ganaTlebis resursebisa da sxva sakiTxebi<br />
SeiZleba aigos imaze, Tu rogor aris interpretirebuli<br />
jgufuri IQ-is monacemebi.<br />
jgufuri Sedarebebis istoria<br />
1990-iani wlebis daswyisSi fsiqologi henri<br />
godardi (Henry Goddard) amtkicebda, rom yvela<br />
emigrants unda Cautardes gonebrivi unarebis<br />
testireba da maT, visac `fsiqikuri defeqti~<br />
aRmoaCndeba, `SerCeviT aekrZalos qveyanaSi<br />
Semosvla~. amgvar Sexedulebebs Tavisi wvlilis<br />
Setana SeeZlo emigrantTa zogierTi jgufis<br />
qveyanaSi SeSvebisadmi mtruli nacionaluri<br />
damokidebulebis SeqmnaSi (Cronbach,1975;<br />
McPherson,1985; Sokal,1987). marTlac, 1924 wels<br />
kongresma miiRo aqti, romelic zRudavda<br />
emigracias da emigrantebisaTvis awesebda<br />
inteleqtis testebis gavlas niu iorkis<br />
navsadgurSive, an elisis kunZulze moxvedrisTanave.<br />
ebrael, italiel, rus da sxva<br />
erovnebis emigrantTa didi nawili IQ testebis<br />
safuZvelze klasificirebul iqna, rogorc<br />
`Wkuasusti~. zogierTma fsiqologma es statistikuri<br />
monacemebi imis sabuTad miiCnia, rom<br />
emigrantebi samxreTi da aRmosavleTi evropidan<br />
genetikurad ufro dabal safexurze imyofebodnen,<br />
vidre CrdiloeT da dasavleTevropuli<br />
warmomavlobis emigrantebi (Ruch,1937). Tumca,<br />
es `arasrulfasovani~ jgufebi yvelaze cudad<br />
icnobdnen dominantur enas da kulturas,<br />
romelsac eyrdnoba IQ testebi, radganac axali<br />
Casulebi iyvnen (ramdenime aTeuli wlis Semdeg<br />
IQ testebSi gamovlenili es jgufuri sxvaobebi<br />
mTlianad gaqra, magram Teoria inteleqtis<br />
sferoSi rasobrivi sxvaobebis Sesaxeb ganagrZobda<br />
arsebobas).<br />
godardi da sxvebi (1917) dabali IQ-is eTnikur<br />
warmomavlobasTan ubralo dakavSirebaze Sors<br />
wavidnen. dabal IQ-Tan dakavSirebul uaryofiT<br />
Tvisebebs maT moraluri uRirsoba, fsiqikuri<br />
defeqturoba da amoraluri socialuri qceva<br />
daumates. maTi Tvalsazrisis dasabuTeba cudi<br />
reputaciis mqone ori ojaxis _ jukis ojaxisa<br />
da kilikakis ojaxis _ klinikuri Seswavlidan<br />
momdinareobda. am ojaxis ramdenime Taobis<br />
Seswavla TiTqosda aCvenebda, rom ojaxur<br />
genebSi daTesili cudi Tesli uciloblad<br />
defeqtur STamomavlobas mogvcemda. godardma<br />
igive daaskvna kilikakTa ojaxis klinikuri Seswavlidanac.<br />
maT ojaxur xes hqonda erTi `kargi<br />
Teslis~ da meore `cudi Teslis~ mxareebi (am<br />
gamokvlevaSi ojaxs saxeli godardma Searqva,<br />
rac berZnulad karg-cuds niSnavs). martin kilikaks,<br />
revoluciuri omis jariskacs, arakanonieri<br />
vaJi hyavda qalTan, romelic aRweris<br />
Tanaxmad, gonebrivad CamorCenili iyo. maTma<br />
kavSirma, saboloo jamSi, 480 STamomavali mogvca.<br />
godardma aqedan 143 `defeqturad~, 46 ki _<br />
`normalurad~ miiCnia. ojaxis danarCeni wevrebisaTvis<br />
ki aRmoaCina, rom maTTvis Cveuli ram<br />
iyo danaSauli, alkoholizmi, fsiqikuri aSli-
Change language