(natia) ZIMBARDO

aSi mocemul eqimTa ricxvi. pasuxebze
aSkara gavlena moaxdina absoluturad
irelevanturma, pirobiTma „Ruzam~. studentebi,
romlebmac yuradReba gaamaxviles
pirobiT saidentifikacio nomrebze, fiqroben,
rom broSuraSi mocemuli eqimebis
raodenoba didia – 631, vidre sakontrolo
jgufis studentebis – 219. im SemTxvevaSic
ki, roca studentebs specialurad afrTxilebdnen,
rom saidentifikacio nomerma
SeiZleba gavlena moaxdinos Sefasebaze,
maTi Sefaseba gacilebiT maRali iyo (539),
vidre sakontrolo jgufSi gaerTianebul
studentTa mier micemuli Sefaseba (219)
(Wilson et al., 1996.).
es ukanaskneli Sedegebi namdvilad imsaxureben
yuradRebas: gafrTxilebac ki ar aRmoCnda
sakmarisi. gamyidvelebi Zalian xSirad iyeneben
„Ruzis~ efeqts, roca cdiloben dagarwmunon,
iyidoT produqcia. magaliTad, Tqven apirebT
axali magnotofonis yidvas. gamyidvelma SeiZleba
giTxraT: ,,Tqven varaudobT 1 000 an 2 000
dolaris gadaxdas, ara?~ mas Semdeg, rac maRal
fasze ganewyobiT, realuri fasi (magaliTad
599, 99 dolari) ukve mizanSewonilad geCvenebaT.
vfiqrobT, am nawilis wakiTxva dagexmarebaT,
Tavidan aiciloT „Ruzis~ uaryofiTi gavlena;
rac mTavaria, Tqven gafrTxilebuli xarT,
rom windaxeduleba gamoiCinoT.
msjelobisas Tqven iyenebT evristikis iseT
saxeebs, rogoricaa: xelmisawvdomoba, reprezentaciuloba
da „Ruza~, radgan umravles Sem-
TxvevaSi isini efeqturi da misaRebi msjelobis
SesaZleblobas gaZlevT. situaciis gaurkvevlobidan
da Tqveni SezRuduli resursebidan
gamomdinare, Tqven, garkveulwilad, maqsimums
akeTebT. Cven giCveneT, rom evristikam SeiZleba
Secdomamde migiyvanoT. mniSvnelovani daskvnis
gakeTebis dros SeecadeT gamoiyenoT es codna
da SeamowmoT sakuTari azrovnebis procesebi.
gansakuTrebiT kritikulad miudeqiT sxvebis
SesaZlo mcdelobas, winaswari ganzraxviT zegavlena
moaxdinon Tqvens msjelobaze. axla
ganvixiloT gadawvetilebis miReba, rac xSirad
swored am msjelobis safuZvelze xdeba.
gadawyvetilebis miRebis
fsiqologia
warmogidgenT gadawyvetilebis miRebaze
fsiqologiuri faqtorebis gavlenis TvalsaCino
magaliTs. ganvixiloT problema, romelic
mocemulia 9.7 cxrilis pirvel nawilSi. waiki-
TxeT instruqcia da airCieT A an B varianti.
axla am problemis meore naSilSi warmodgenil
variants gaecaniT. xom ar SecvlidiT arCevans?
eqsperimentul pirobebSi studentebi kiTxulobdnen
am problemis erT-erT versias (Shafir,
1993). roca maT pirvel nawilSi ekiTxebodnen,
Tu romel variants amjobinebdnen, studentebis
67% irCveda B variants, xolo, rodesac studentebs
sTxovdnen, gaeuqmebinaT arCevani, es
maCvenebeli 52%-mde ecemoda (48% auqmebs B variants).
ratom aris es cvlileba ucnauri? Tu
yuradRebiT gadaxedavT problemis orive versias,
naxavT, rom maT Soris araviTari gansxvaveba ar
aris. erTi SexedviT, Tqven SeiZleba ifiqroT,
rom msgavsma informaciam imave gadawyvetilebamde
unda migiyvanoT, magram adamianebi ase
ar iqcevian. rogorc Cans, ,,upiratesobis~
miniWebis SemTxvevaSi adamianTa yuradReba
koncentrirebulia arCevanis pozitiur mxareebze
_ Tqven agrovebT aSkara damamtkicebel sabuTebs
raRacis sasargeblod maSin, roca ,,gauqmebis~
moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi yuradRebis koncentrireba
arCevanis negatiur aspeqtebze xdeba _
Tqven agrovebT informacias raRacis winaaRmdeg.
amitom, SesaZloa, Tqveni gadawyvetileba
Seicvalos.
aseTi sworxazovani magaliTi gviCvenebs, rom
gadawyvetilebis miRebaze did gavlenas axdens
kiTxvis formulireba (Solvic, 1995), swored amitom
saWiroa gadawyvetilebis miRebis fsiqologiuri
aspeqtebis codna. Tqven unda SegeZloT Tqveni
gadawyvetilebis Semowmeba, raTa darwmundeT,
eqvemdebareba Tu ara is detalur analizs. am
SemTxvevaSi Tqven SegiZliaT hkiTxoT sakuTar
Tavs: ,,rogor Seicvleboda Cemi arCevani ama Tu
im variantis uaryofis da ara arCevis Sem-
TxvevaSi?~ Tu romelime konkretul arCevans
erT SemTxvevaSi aniWebT upiratesobas, xolo
meore SemTxvevaSi uaryofT, es imas niSnavs,
rom mas aqvs rogorc dadebiTi, ise uaryofiTi
msjeloba da gadawyvetilebis miReba
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