(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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warmatebul ierusalimel iurists, kolegebis<br />
azriT, axirebuli xasiaTi aqvs, ris gamoc ar<br />
SeuZlia jgufSi muSaoba. warmatebul karieras<br />
isini mis konkurentunarianobasa da energiulobas<br />
ukavSireben. igi gamxdari, saSualo simaRlis adamiania;<br />
yuradRebas aqcevs sakuTar garegnobas da<br />
aris amayi. kviraSi ramdenime saaTs uTmobs Tavisi<br />
sayvareli sportis saxeobas. sportis romeli saxeobiTaa<br />
igi dakavebuli?<br />
a. swrafi siaruliT<br />
b. burTis TamaSiT<br />
c. CogburTiT<br />
d. msubuqi aTletizmiT da mindvris TamaSebiT<br />
suraTi 9.17<br />
reprezentaciuli evristikis<br />
gamoyeneba<br />
savaraudod<br />
sworia ufro metis<br />
momcveli kategoria.<br />
reprezentaciuli evristikis gavleniT umravlesoba<br />
miiCnevs, rom advokatis sayvareli<br />
sporti CogburTia, Tumca, rogorc suraTzea<br />
naCvenebi, ufro sworia `burTiT TamaSebis~<br />
dasaxeleba, radgan igi CogburTsac moicavs.<br />
siaTebeli niSniT xasiaTdeba, misi am kategoriisadmi<br />
mikuTvneba xdeba. evristikis es tipi<br />
nacnobi unda iyos TqvenTvis. is gulisxmobs<br />
warsuli gamocdilebis safuZvelze msjelobis<br />
agebas mocemul, msgavs pirobebSi, rac induqciuri<br />
daskvnis arss warmoadgens.<br />
urTierTSeTanxmebuli maxasiaTeblebisa da<br />
kategoriebis Sesaxeb informaciis arsebobis<br />
dros, mizanSewonilia msjelobis ageba msgavsebis<br />
mixedviT. amrigad, gadawyvetilebis miRebisas,<br />
SeudgeT Tu ara varjiSs sportis iseT<br />
axal saxeobaSi, rogorica paraSutiT xtoma,<br />
mizanSewonili iqneba gansazRvroT, Tu ramdenad<br />
hgavs is sportul saxeobaTa im kategorias,<br />
romelic adre gizidavdaT. Tumca, rogorc<br />
qvemoT naxavT, msgavsebam SeiZleba SecdomaSi<br />
SegiyvanoT, Tu misi gavleniT yuradRebas ar<br />
miaqcevT sxva mniSvnelovan informacias (Kahnemean<br />
& Tversky, 1973).<br />
ganvixiloT, magaliTad, 9.17. suraTze mocemuli<br />
warmatebuli iuristis daxasiaTeba. gaiTvaliswineT<br />
zemoT aRwerili eqsperimentis Sedegebi<br />
Tqvens yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi. nu `gamoekidebiT~<br />
yvelaze tipur reprezentatul arCevans,<br />
sanam ar SeiswavliT yvela danarCeni alternativis<br />
struqturas.<br />
saidan<br />
viciT<br />
reprezentatuloba gavlenas axdens<br />
msjelobaze<br />
erT-erT eqsperimentSi cdis pirebs miewodebodaT<br />
9.17 suraTze mocemuli pasuxebis<br />
CamonaTvali da eZleodaT 45 dolaris<br />
mogebis SesaZlebloba. amisaTvis<br />
maT swori pasuxisaTvis unda mieniWebinaT<br />
cifri `1". Tqven romel variants amoir-<br />
CevdiT? Tu Tqvenc iseve fiqrobT, rogorc<br />
monawileTa umravlesoba, Tqven dakargavT<br />
45 dolars, radgan Tqveni pasuxi iqneba<br />
`CogburTi~ da ara `burTiT TamaSebi~.<br />
9.17 suraTis qveda nawilidan Cans, Tu<br />
ratom ver iqneba CogburTi kargi fsoni.<br />
is Sedis `burTiT TamaSebis~ kategoriaSi.<br />
cdis pirebis azriT, CogburTi ukeTesi<br />
pasuxia, radgan mas aqvs sportuli TamaSis<br />
yvela is Tviseba, romelsac iuristi<br />
iTamaSebda (upiratesobas mianiWebda). reprezentatulobaze<br />
dafuZnebuli es msjeloba<br />
monawileebs ubiZgebs, ugulebelyon<br />
sxva tipis informacia, kerZod, kategoriis<br />
struqtura. am pasuxis amorCevis SemTxvevaSi<br />
mogebuli Tanxa 45 dolaria (Bar-Hille<br />
& Neter, 1993).<br />
ganvixiloT reprezentatulobis meore magaliTi,<br />
romelsac, agreTve SeuZlia gavlena moaxdinos<br />
Tqven mier dadebul fsonebze. warmoidgineT,<br />
SesaZlebloba geZlevaT, monawileoba<br />
miiRoT latareis gaTamaSebaSi. gasamarjveblad<br />
reprezentaciuli evristika -(Representativeness<br />
heuristic) – kognituri strategia, romelic<br />
miakuTvnebs obieqts garkveul kategorias, am<br />
kategoriisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli ramdenime<br />
niSnis safuZvelze.<br />
msjeloba da gadawyvetilebis miReba<br />
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