(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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daskvna. miuxedavad imisa, rom aRqma ar aris<br />
srulyofili da fsiqologebs SeuZliaT dagarwmunon<br />
Tqveni aRqmis mcdarobaSi, kedelze ver<br />
ivliT; Sesabamisad, miuxedavad evristikuli<br />
msjelobebis gamo aRmocenebuli Secdomebisa,<br />
Tqven ar ejaxebiT kognituri SezRudvis barierebs.<br />
niSnavs Tu ara es imas, rom Tqven sruliad<br />
komfortulad grZnobT Tavs, roca aseTi tipis<br />
Secdomebs uSvebT? am SemTxvevaSi aRqmasTan<br />
Sedareba garkveulwilad araadekvaturia. aRqmis<br />
iluziebis umravlesoba ar aris codnaze damokidebuli.<br />
Tqven yovelTvis mzad xarT, aRiaroT<br />
miuler-laieris iluziis (ix. Tavi 5) xazebis<br />
sigrZeTa sxvadasxvaoba, miuxedavad imisa, rom<br />
iciT, isini erTi sigrZisani arian, xolo, Tu<br />
iciT, rom Tqvens gamocdilebaze damyarebuli<br />
msjeloba zedapirul xasiaTs atarebs, SegiZliaT<br />
Tavidan aiciloT zogierTi tipis<br />
Secdoma. inteleqtualuri unarebi ar ganapirobeben<br />
Secdomebis Tavidan acilebas (zogierT<br />
SemTxvevebSi Zalian Wkviani adamianebic ki<br />
uSveben Secdomebs), specifikuri treningebis<br />
saSualebiT SesaZlebelia msjelobis gaumjobeseba.<br />
am nawilSi Cven swored am unarebis<br />
efeqturobis zrdis ramodenime saSualebas ganvixilavT.<br />
davubrundeT evristikis sam tips:<br />
misawvdomobas, reprezentatulobas da „Ruzis~<br />
evristikas.<br />
misawvdomobis evristika<br />
gTxovT, moifiqroT pasuxi Zalian martiv<br />
kiTxvaze (Cveni azriT, naklebad mosalodnelia<br />
swori pasuxi da amitom ar gTavazobT rTul<br />
amocanas, raTa uxerxul mdgomareobaSi ar<br />
CavardeT). warmoidgineT, rom gevalebaT mo-<br />
Txrobis patara monakveTis wakiTxva; rogor<br />
ggoniaT, am nawvyetSi romeli sityva iqneba ufro<br />
meti: sityva, romelic iwyeba aso ,,k~-Ti<br />
(magaliTad, kalaTa), Tu sityva, sadac aso ,,k~<br />
mesame adgilzea? (magaliTad, nakrZali). Tu Tqven<br />
tverskisa da kanemanis cdis pirebis msgavsad<br />
fiqrobT (Amos Tversky & Daniel Kahneman 1973), maSin<br />
Tqven daaskvniT, rom ,,k~ ufro metad gvxvdeba<br />
xelmisawvdomobis evristika (Availability heuristic)<br />
_ daskvna, romelic efuZneba mexsierebaSi<br />
Tavisuflad xelmisawvdom informacias.<br />
sityvis dasawyisSi, vidre SuaSi. realurad ki<br />
,,k~ orjer ufro xSirad gvxvdeba sityvis SuaSi<br />
(inglisur enaSi).<br />
ratom hgonia adamianebis umravlesobas, rom<br />
,,k~ aso ufro xSirad gvxvdeba sityvis TavSi?<br />
es pasuxi ganpirobebulia mexsierebaSi arsebuli<br />
xelmisawvdomi informaciiT. gacilebiT advilia<br />
im sityvebis mofiqreba, romlebic ,,k~-Ti iwyeba,<br />
vidre im sityvebisa, romlebSic ,,k~ mesame<br />
adgilzea. am SemTxvevaSi Tqvens daskvnaze,<br />
rogorc Cans, gavlenas axdens misawvdomobis<br />
evristika _ Tqveni daskvna emyareba im informacias,<br />
romelic ufro misawvdomia mexsierebisaTvis<br />
da umravles SemTxvevaSi swor daskvnamde<br />
mivyavarT, amitom ganixileba, rogorc swori.<br />
Tu, magaliTad, Tqven fiqrobT, rom boulingi<br />
ufro usafrTxoa, vidre paraSutiT xtoma, Tqveni<br />
daskvna emyareba misawvdomobis evristikas.<br />
problemebi warmoiqmneba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi,<br />
roca: (1) mexsierebaSi tendenciuri informaciis<br />
aqtivacia xdeba; (2) mexsierebaSi Senaxuli<br />
informacia ar aris zusti. ganvixiloT am<br />
SesaZlo problemebis magaliTi.<br />
amocana, romelSic cdis pirebs „k~ asos<br />
Semcveli sityvebis raodenobis gansazRvra<br />
evalebaT, misawvdomobaze dafuZnebuli araswori<br />
msjelobis (daskvnis) karg magaliTs warmoadgens.<br />
mexsierebaSi sityvebis organizaciidan gamomdinare,<br />
bevrad ufro advilia sityvebis gaxseneba,<br />
roca gansazRvrulia maTi pirveli aso. ganvixiloT<br />
yoveldRiuri cxovrebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli<br />
kidev erTi msjeloba.<br />
saidan<br />
viciT<br />
guneba-ganwyobileba gavlenas axdens<br />
mexsierebis xelmisawvdomobaze<br />
mkvlevrebs surdaT eCvenebinaT, Tu ra<br />
zegavlena SeiZleba moaxdinos gunebaganwyobilebam<br />
adamianis msjelobaze. cdis<br />
pirebs evalebodaT, waekiTxaT sasiamovno<br />
da usiamovno informacia, rac ganapirobebda<br />
Sesabamisi guneba-ganwyobilebis<br />
Seqmnas. Semdeg ki sTxovdnen dadebiTi da<br />
uaryofiTi movlenebis, magaliTad, sasiamovno<br />
saRamos da mtkivneuli Wrilobis<br />
msjeloba da gadawyvetilebis miReba<br />
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