(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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Tavi 9 / kognituri procesebi<br />
324<br />
am teqnikebis gamoyenebiT mkvlevrebs saSualeba<br />
eZlevaT, Seiswavlon mosaubris mier Secdomebis<br />
daSvebis albaTobaze moqmedi faqtorebi.<br />
magaliTad, spunerizmis msgavsi Secdomebis<br />
albaToba izrdeba, rodesac bgerebis gadaadgileba<br />
realur sityvebs gvaZlevs (Baars et al.,<br />
1975; Stemberger, 1992); amgvarad, „feri-beri~-s magivrad<br />
„beri-feri~-s Tqmis albaToba ufro metia,<br />
vidre, magaliTad, „coli-qmari~-s magivrad<br />
„qmoli-cari~-s Tqmis albaToba. msgavsi Sedegebi<br />
savaraudos xdis, rom metyvelebaSi CarTuli<br />
zogierTi kognituri procesi uzrunvelyofs<br />
kognituri Secdomis gamovlenas da gasworebas.<br />
es procesebi ar gvaZleven iseTi Secdomebis<br />
daSvebis uflebas, romlebic konkretuli<br />
enisaTvis miuRebeli da ararealuri sityvebis<br />
gamoTqmas gulisxmobs.<br />
reprezentaciebi. erT-erTi eqsperimentis<br />
dros cdis pirebs sTxovdnen wyvil-wyvilad<br />
waekiTxaT idiomaturi gamoTqmebi, magaliTad,<br />
shoot the breeze – raise the roof (bevri laparaki –<br />
aurzauris atexva); ori wamis Semdeg ki sTxovdnen,<br />
rac SeiZleba swrafad gaexsenebinaT erTerTi.<br />
droSi SezRudvis pirobebSi cdis pirebi<br />
zogierT SemTxvevaSi urevdnen ori frazis<br />
sityvebs da iZaxdnen shoot the roof. Secdomis<br />
daSvebis albaToba am SemTxvevaSi ufro didia,<br />
vidre zemoT aRweril SemTxvevaSi, radgan bolo<br />
or gamonaTqvams erTnairi mniSvneloba aqvs. es<br />
Sedegebi miuTiTebs, rom erTnairi mniSvnelobis<br />
mqone idiomebiT reprezentaciebi erTmaneTTan<br />
aris mexsierebaSi dakavSirebuli: rodesac<br />
adamiani apirebs Tqvas erTi idioma, msgavsi<br />
mniSvnelobis mqone idiomis reprezentaciulma<br />
kavSirma SeiZleba ganapirobos kombinirebuli<br />
Secdomis aRmoceneba (Cutling & Bock, 1977).<br />
Cven ganvixileT zogierTi faqtori, romelic<br />
ganapirobebs ama Tu im gamonaTqvamis warmoTqmas<br />
da zogierTi procesi, romelic xels uwyobs<br />
maT aqtivizacias. axla ki SevexoT msmenelebs,<br />
romlebic mosaubris mier nagulisxmev azrs<br />
igeben.<br />
impresiuli metyveleba<br />
warmoidgineT, rom mosaubre ambobs: `kata<br />
xaliCazea.~ Tqven ukve iciT, rom, konteqstidan<br />
gamomdinare, am gamonaTqvamis gamoyeneba<br />
SeiZleba erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli azris<br />
gamosaxatad. Tqven, rogorc msmeneli, rogor<br />
airCevT mxolod erT azrs? metyvelebis gagebaze<br />
saubars orazrovani mniSvnelobis problemis<br />
ufro detaluri ganxilviT daviwyebT.<br />
orazrovnebis daZleva<br />
ras niSnavs sityva bari? TavSi, albaT, misi<br />
ori mniSvneloba mainc mogividaT: erTi,<br />
romelic dakavSirebulia miwaTmoqmedebasTan<br />
(sasoflo-sameurneo saqmianobasTan) da meore,<br />
romelic dakavSirebulia kafesTan. warmoidgineT,<br />
rom vinme geubnebaT: `mas aqvs bari~,<br />
rogor xvdebiT, ra igulisxmeba am konkretul<br />
SemTxvevaSi? Tqven unda SeZloT am or mniSvnelobas<br />
Soris arsebuli leqsikuri orazrovnebis<br />
daZleva. Tu dafiqrdebiT, aRmoaCenT, rom zogierTi<br />
kognituri procesis gamoyenebiT, konteqstidan<br />
gamomdinare cdilobT sityvis orazrovnebis<br />
daZlevas. ris Sesaxeb saubrobdiT manamde<br />
_ samuSao iaraRebze Tu gasarTob adgilebze.<br />
es farTo konteqsti unda dagexmaroT sityvis<br />
ori mniSvnelobidan erT-erTis arCevaSi, magram<br />
rogor?<br />
sanam am kiTxvaze pasuxs gavcemdeT, gagacnobT<br />
orazrovnebis kidev erT tips. ras niSnavs es<br />
winadadeba: `ninos da giorgis dedas gadasces<br />
daxmareba.~ Tqven SeiZleba gaigoT misi mxolod<br />
erTi mniSvneloba, magram am SemTxvevaSi saqme<br />
gvaqvs struqturul orazrovnebasTan. (Akmajian<br />
et al., 1990) (ix. suraTi 9.5). lingvistebi winadadebis<br />
struqturis sailustraciod xSirad iyeneben<br />
diagramebs. I nawilSi warmodgenilia winadadebis<br />
_ `kata xaliCazea~ _ analizi. am winadadebis<br />
struqtura Zalian martivia. II da III<br />
nawilSi ki warmodgenilia winadadebis _ `ninos<br />
da giorgis dedas gadasces daxmareba~ _ ori<br />
gansxvavebuli mniSvnelobis SedarebiT rTuli<br />
struqtura. II nawilSi gakeTebuli analizis<br />
mixedviT, fraza `ninos da giorgis~ exeba dedas,<br />
erT adamians _ ori bavSvis dedas gadasces<br />
daxmareba. III nawilSi warmodgenili analizis<br />
mixedviT, winadadebaSi gamoyofilia ori qvemdebare<br />
_ `ninos~ da `giorgis dedas~, e.i. or<br />
adamians gadasces daxmareba. romeli mniSvnelobiT<br />
igebT winadadebas, rodesac mas pirvelad<br />
kiTxulobT? rogorc xedavT, am SemTxvevaSic<br />
winadadebas ori mniSvneloba aqvs da Cven vub-
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