(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
(natia) ZIMBARDO
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magram, ratom unda moexdina ricxvebis<br />
siaxloves gavlena maTi fizikuri msgavsebis<br />
gansazRvraze? erTi-ori da erTicxra<br />
fizikuri gansxvavebulobis xarisxis<br />
mixedviT TiTqmis identuria. mkvlevrebi<br />
varaudoben, rom, rodesac xedavT 2-1 an<br />
ori, Zalauneburad fiqrobT Sesabamis<br />
raodenobaze, maSinac ki, rodesac es xels<br />
uSlis davalebis Sesrulebas. am dros<br />
xdeba ricxvis mniSvnelobis avtomaturi<br />
Sefaseba, miuxedavad imisa, rom, es ar<br />
gvWirdeba an ar gvinda (Dohaene & Akhavein,<br />
1995).<br />
bavSvobidan, albaT, gaxsovT, rogor euflebodiT<br />
raodenobas da ricxvis cnebebs. axla<br />
kavSiri ricxvsa da raodenobas Soris imdenad<br />
avtomaturi gaxda, rom misgan Tavis daRweva<br />
TiTqmis SeuZlebelia. zemoT moyvanili<br />
davalebidan Cans, rom avtomaturi procesebi<br />
mniSvnelovnadaa damokidebuli mexsierebis<br />
efeqtur gamoyenebaze (Logan, 1988,1992). iqneba<br />
obieqti „2~ Tu „ori~ – aRqmulis mexsierebaSi<br />
gadamuSaveba uzrunvelyofs informacias raodenobis<br />
Sesaxeb.<br />
axla es informacia kontrolirebadi da<br />
avtomaturi procesebis Sesaxeb, gamoviyenoT<br />
erTdrouli siarulisa da saubris situaciis<br />
gansaxilvelad. swor gzaze siarulis dros<br />
ori moqmedeba xels ar uSlis erTmaneTs, rac<br />
imaze miuTiTebs, rom swor gzaze siaruli da<br />
laparaki SedarebiT avtomaturi aqtivobebia;<br />
Tumca, gubeebis gamoCenisTanave situacia icvleba,<br />
rac gaiZulebT gzis mravali variantidan<br />
airCioT erT-erTi _ unda gadawyvitoT,<br />
saiT waxvideT da ra TqvaT.<br />
radganac Tqven ar SegiZliaT orive moqmedebis<br />
erTdroulad Sesruleba, Tqveni yurad-<br />
Reba „CixSi eqceva~ (Pashler, 1992,4).<br />
es magaliTi cxadyofs, ratom xdeba kontrolirebadi<br />
da avtomaturi procesebis xarisxis<br />
da ara zusti kategoriebis mixedviT gansazRvra.<br />
pirobebis garTulebis SemTxvevaSi is, rac<br />
avtomaturi iyo, ukve yuradRebis kontrols<br />
saWiroebs. amgvarad, konteqstidan gamomdinare,<br />
esa Tu is procesi SeiZleba met-nakleb yurad-<br />
Rebas iTxovdes.<br />
axla Tqven xvdebiT fsiqikuri procesebis<br />
logikas. rTuli saazrovno amocanebis gadaWris<br />
mimdinareobis axsnis mizniT, Teoretikosebi<br />
gvTavazoben modelebs, romlebSic kombinirebulia<br />
rogorc seriuli da paraleluri, ise<br />
kontrolirebadi da avtomaturi procesebi.<br />
kognitur-fsiqologiur kvlevaTa umravlesobis<br />
mizania iseTi eqsperimentuli situaciis Seqmna,<br />
romelic daadasturebs aseTi modelebis TiToeuli<br />
komponentis arsebobas. axla, rodesac<br />
ukve naTelia kognitur-fsiqologiuri kvlevis<br />
logika fsiqikuri procesebis Seswavlisas, droa<br />
gadavideT ufro konkretul sakiTxebze. Cven<br />
saSualeba gveqneba, ganvixiloT konkretuli<br />
kognituri procesebi muSaobis procesSi. daviwyebT<br />
metyvelebis gamoyenebiT.<br />
Sejameba<br />
kognitur fsiqologiaSi da kognitur mecnierebaSi<br />
momuSave specialistebi Seiswavlian<br />
fsiqikur procesebsa da struqturebs, romlebic<br />
saSualebas aZlevs adamians, gamoiyenos ena,<br />
gadaWras problema da miiRos gadawyvetileba.<br />
dondersma pirvelma Seqmna kognituri davalebis<br />
calkeul Semadgenel procesebad gaanalizebis<br />
meTodi. Tanamedrove mkvlevrebi fsiqikuri<br />
aqtivobis komponentebis gansazRvris mizniT<br />
Seiswavlian seriuli da paraleluri procesebis<br />
komponentebs, sxvadasxva donis avtomatur da<br />
kontrolirebad procesebs.<br />
metyveleba<br />
SuaRamea da karze viRac akakunebs. kars aRebT<br />
da iq aravin aris; ucbad SeamCnieT, rom Zirs<br />
konverti devs, konvertSi ki furcelia, romelzec<br />
weria: „kata xaliCazea~. ras geubnebaT es<br />
Setyobineba? ra SegviZlia SevcvaloT, rom es<br />
Setyobineba gasagebi gaxdes TqvenTvis? am<br />
SemTxvevaSi yvelaze advilia, mogawodoT Sesabamisi<br />
konteqsti. warmoidgineT, rom Tqven saidumlo<br />
agenti xarT da instruqciebs yovel-<br />
Tvis aseTi ucnauri saxiT iRebT. maSin Tqven<br />
gecodinebaT, rom „kata~ aris Tqveni kontaqti,<br />
metyveleba<br />
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