019 Genderi da Politika
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
organosaTvis <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>isaxa gegma saparlamento fraqciaSi qalTa ricxvs mieRwia<br />
50%-Tvis. es bolo debulebis Sesrulebas bevri siZnele axl<strong>da</strong>, radganac<br />
britaneTSi moqmedebs maJoritaruli saarCevno sistema, erTman<strong>da</strong>tian olqebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
airCeva TiTo deputati.<br />
leiboristulma partiam 1992 wels ga<strong>da</strong>wyvita gaTavisuflebuli, vakanturi<br />
adgilebis 50%-ze mxolod qalebis <strong>da</strong>esaxelebina. magram es ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba<br />
gasaCivr<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> 1996 wels sasamarTlom is gaauqma, rogorc mamakacebisaTvis<br />
diskriminaciuli <strong>da</strong> 1975 wels miRebuli “sqesebis diskriminaciis aqtTan”<br />
SeuTavsebeli. Sotlandiis parlamentisa <strong>da</strong> uelsis erovnuli ansambleis 1999<br />
wlis arCevnebisaTvis leiboristulma partiam gamoiyena mezobeli saarCevno<br />
olqebis <strong>da</strong>wyvilebis sistema. TiToeul wyvilisaTvis am ori olqis partiis<br />
wevrebi ikribebodnen <strong>da</strong> erTad irCevdnen erT qalsa <strong>da</strong> erT mamakac kandi<strong>da</strong>ts.<br />
partiis TiToeul wevrs hqon<strong>da</strong> ori xma erTi qali kandi<strong>da</strong>tis asarCevad <strong>da</strong> erTic<br />
mamakaci kandi<strong>da</strong>tisaTvis.<br />
2001 wels parlamentma miiRo sqesTa diskriminaciis (saarCevno kandi<strong>da</strong>tebis)<br />
aqti, romelic SesaZleblobas aZlevs politikur partias ganaxorcielos<br />
pozitiuri qmedebebi (positive action) qal kandi<strong>da</strong>tTa sasargeblod, ise rom ar<br />
<strong>da</strong>arRvios Sromis kanonmdebloba.<br />
safrangeTi<br />
safrangeTSi genderuli kvotebis aucilebloba konstituciiT aris<br />
gansazRvruli. 1999 wels konstituciaSi Sevi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>meteba, romlis mixedviTac<br />
“kanonmdebloba mxars uWers qalisa <strong>da</strong> kacisaTvis saarCevno man<strong>da</strong>tTa Tanabar<br />
misawvdomobas” <strong>da</strong> politikurs partiebs akisrebs Tanabari misawvdomobis<br />
uzrunvelyofis pasuxismgeblobas. am Sesworebas “paritetuli reforma” ewo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
200 wels axali saarCevno kanoniT ganisazRvra, rom paritetuli reforma<br />
50%-50% Seexeba yvela donis proporciul arCevnebs:<br />
• municipalur arCevnebs qalaqebisaTvis, sa<strong>da</strong>c 3 500 meti mcxovrebia;<br />
• senatis arCevnebs, proporciulad arCeuli senatorTa man<strong>da</strong>tebisaTvis;<br />
• regionul arCevnebs;<br />
• evropis parlamentis arCevnebs;<br />
• parizis sabWos arCevnebs;<br />
• parizis, lionisa <strong>da</strong> marselis raionis sabWoebis arCevnebs.<br />
es reforma moiTxovs aseve partiebis mier <strong>da</strong>saxelebul kandi<strong>da</strong>tTa Soris<br />
genderuli balansis <strong>da</strong>cvas safrangeTis parlamentis arCevnebisas, romelic<br />
orturiani maJoritaruli sistemiT tardeba.<br />
2000 wlis saarCevno kanonma <strong>da</strong>awesa finansuri <strong>da</strong>sja im politikuri<br />
organizaciebisaTvis, romlebic ar <strong>da</strong>icavdnen <strong>da</strong>saxelebul kandi<strong>da</strong>tTa Soris<br />
genderul balanss. safrangeTSi saxelmwifo finansirebas politikuri<br />
organizaciebisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs. magaliTad, 1999 wels saxelmwifo<br />
dotaciam Seadgina politikuri subieqtebis mTeli Semosavlis 51 procenti.<br />
saxelmwifosagan miRebuli finansebi mcirdeba, Tu pariteti<strong>da</strong>n ga<strong>da</strong>xra gacdeba<br />
2%-s. amgvarad, partia, romelic <strong>da</strong>asaxelebs 49% qal kadi<strong>da</strong>ts <strong>da</strong> 51% mamakacs<br />
ar <strong>da</strong>jarimdeba, magram meti gansxvavebis SemTxvevaSi <strong>da</strong>jarimdeba, Semdegi wesiT:<br />
Tu partiis mier wardgenili qali <strong>da</strong> mamakaci kandi<strong>da</strong>tebis ricxvi 2%-ze metad<br />
gansxvavdeba, maSin saxelmwifo <strong>da</strong>xmareba mcirdeba am gansxvavebis naxevriT.<br />
magaliTad, Tu partiim waradgina 60% mamakaci kandi<strong>da</strong>ti, xolo 40% qali,<br />
gansxvaveba 20%-is toli iqneba <strong>da</strong> maSin partias saxelmwifo <strong>da</strong>xmareba<br />
Seumcirdeba 10%-iT.<br />
16
Change language