019 Genderi da Politika
Tema II genderuli parametrebi politikur partiebSi qalTa monawileoba saqarTvelos politikuri partiebSi qalTa da genderuli sakiTxebi qarTul politikur diskursSi saerTod ar JRers. arc erT partias jerjerobiT ara aqvs Camoyalibebuli pozicia genderul sakiTxze; wevrTa genderuli statistikac ki ar warmoebs. gamokiTxvisas isini aRniSnavdnen, rom am niSniT ar ganasxvaveben TavianT wevrebs da kiTxvaze: “ramdeni qalia Tqvens partiaSi?”, yvelaze tipuri pasuxia _ wevrTa daaxloebiT mesamedi. am Sefasebas adasturebs 1998 da 2001 wels Catarebuli gamokiTxvebi 1 , romelTa mixedviTac qalebi politikuri partiebis wevrTa saerTo raodenobis daaxloebiT 30%-s Seadgenen. qalTa monawileobis procenti gacilebiT dabalia partiebis mmarTvel organoebSi. 1995 wels partiaTa centralur xelmZRvanel organoebSi qalTa ricxvi mxolod 9% iyo, Semdgom ki umniSvnelod moimata da 11%-s miaRwia. 1997 wels 158 politikuri partiidan qalebi xelmZRvanelobdnen aTs (partiaTa saerTo ricxvis 6%). 1998 wels arsebuli 79 partiidan qali lideri hyavda mxolod 4 partias (5%). 1999 wels registrirebuli 124 partiidan qalebi xelmZRvanelobdnen 5 partias (4%). partiebis programebi qalTa sakiTxebs srulebiT ar iTvaliswinebs. zogierTi partia Tvlis, rom qveyanaSi Seqmnili saerTo mZime mdgomareobis fonze es problema jerjerobiT aqtualuri ar aris. bevris azriT, ar aris aucilebeli qalTa problematikis gadasawyvetad specifikuri, mizanmimarTuli saqmianobis warmarTva, radgan socialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareobis gamosworeba avtomaturad moagvarebs qalTa problemebsac. iSviaTi gamonaklisis saxiT partiul programebSi gvxdeba dedobis xelSewyobis sakiTxi (igulisxmeba mravalSvilian, martoxela da CvilbavSvian dedaTa daxmareba). zogadad, qarTul politikur partiebs araTanmimdevruli da bundovani ideologiuri poziciebi aqvT, Sesabamisad, Znelia am bundovan ideologiur suraTSi mkafio genderuli xedvebisaTvis adgilis moZebna. im politikuri partiebidan, romlebic SedarebiT mniSvnelovan rols asruleben politikur cxovrebaSi, qalTa seqciebi erT-or partiaSi Tu aris Seqmnili, magram ar arian imdenad Zlierni, rom gavlenas axdendnen partiis prioritetebis Camoyalibebaze. jerjerobiT partiebSi ar Canan genderulad mgrZnobiare da Tanasworobis sakiTxebze samuSaod motivirebuli qalebi, romlebic SeZlebdnen qarTul politikur diskursSi qalTa da genderuli problematikis wamowevas. 2005 wlis Semodgomaze kavkasiuri institutis mier Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad partiebis qalTa seqciebi ZiriTadad, saqvelmoqmedo saqmianobiT arian dakavebuli, «qalTa organizaciebis iniciativiT partiebs bevrjer gauweviaT mravalSviliani da invalidi ojaxebisaTvis daxmareba. isini aRricxaven socialurad daucvel ojaxebs, swavloben maT problemebs da SesaZleblobebis farglebSi gascemen... finansur da sxva materialur daxmarebebs». calkeul SemTxvevebSi politikuri partiebis wevr qalebs liderobisa da sxva saWiro unar-Cvevebis treningebs saerTaSoriso da 1 xomeriki l., n. CubiniZe, qalebi saqarTvelos politikur partiebSi/cnobari - saqarTvelos politikur partiaTa cnobari, samoqalaqo kulturis saerTaSoriso centri, Tbilisi, 1998. l. xomeriki, S. murusiZe, qalTa monawileoba saqarTvelos politikur partiebSi, genderuli problematika saqarTveloSi, qalTa ganaTlebisa da informaciis centri, Tbilisi, 2002. 10
adgilobrivi sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi utareben, «Tumca, msgavsi proeqtebi araregularulia da maTSi monawileTa raodenoba SezRudulia 2 ». partiebSi qalTa rolis gamokveTisaTvis saintereso masalas iZleva partiaTa saarCevno siebi. maTi Seswavla gviCvenebs, rom im SemTxveveaSic ki, rodesac partiuli sia genderulad ase Tu ise dabalansebulia, pirvel aTeulSi qali kandidatebi praqtikulad ar arian warmodgenili da ZiriTadad siis bolo adgilebze gvxvdebian, rac aisaxeba kidec arCevnebis Sedegebze. saqarTvelos politikuri partiebSi qalTa monawileobis zrdas bevri mizezi aferxebs; maTgan erT-erTi mTavaria Sidapartiuli demokratiis zogadi ganuviTarebloba. im pirobebSi, roca partiebis organizaciuli struqtura ar aris demokratiuli da dauxvewavia Sidapartiuli arCevnebis sistema, qalebisaTvis Zalian Znelia partiul ierarqiaSi dawinaureba. kavkasiuri institutis mier Catarebuli zemoT naxsenebi kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, qarTul partiebSi wevrebs Soris urTierToba araformalur, erTmaneTis mimaT pirad ndobazea damyarebuli da naklebi yuradReba eqceva zogadad aRiarebul principebsa da formalurad gansazRvrul procedurebs, partiebis wevrebis umravlesobis TqmiT, maT Soris urTierToba ojaxuri urTierTobebis msgavsia. arada, rac ufro naklebad patronaJulia partiaSi dawinaurebisa da saarCevno siebSi moxvedris sistema, miT ufro advilia qalebisaTvis partiaSi Tanamdebobrivi winsvla. Sesabamisad, partiebSi mkafio Sida procedurebis arseboba, erTi mxriv, Sida partiuli marTvis demokratiuli modelis Camoyalibebas moemsaxureba, meore mxriv ki, partiul struqturebSi genderuli balansis miRwevasac Seuwyobs xels. genderuli sakiTxebis politikur dRis wesrigSi moxvedras isic aferxebs, rom ar momxdara qalTa, rogorc amomrCevelTa specifikuri jgufis, interesTagamokveTa da am interesTa garSemo konsolidireba, rac aiZulebda politikur partiebs eRiarebinaT qalTa da genderuli problematika da CaerToT TavianT programebSi. saSinao davaleba studentebisaTvis: kiTxvaris SemuSaveba politikuri partiebis analizisaTvis da saqarTvelos politikur partiebSi qalTa monawileobis analizi (wevroba, xelmZRvaneli organoebi, gadawyvetilebis miRebis meqanizmi, saarCevno siebi, saarCevno programebi, muSaoba amomrCevel qalebTan). 2 saqarTvelos politikuri landSafti, politikuri partiebi: miRwevebi, gamowvevebi da perspeqtivebi, redaqtorebi: gia nodia, alvaro pinto sqoltabaxi, mSvidobis. demokratiis da ganviTarebis kavkasiuri instituti, niderlandebis mravalpartiuli demokratiis instituti, Tbilisi, 2006 w. 11
- Page 1 and 2: socialur mecnierebaTa seria genderi
- Page 3 and 4: s a r C e v i Tema I qalTa monawile
- Page 5 and 6: Tema IV. specialuri droebiTi zomebi
- Page 7 and 8: saSualo maCvenebeli regionebis mixe
- Page 9: gamoyofen politikaSi qalTa rolis ga
- Page 13 and 14: Tema IV specialuri droebiTi zomebi
- Page 15 and 16: norvegia norvegia Sidapartiuli kvot
- Page 17 and 18: municipalur doneze ki, sadac arCevn
- Page 19 and 20: norvegiis saxelisuflebo sistema sam
- Page 21 and 22: evri ram scenis miRma ganviTarda. b
- Page 23 and 24: genderulad neitraluri politika es p
- Page 25 and 26: presaSi qalebisa da qalTa sakiTxebi
- Page 27 and 28: jandacva, reproduqciuli janmrTeloba
- Page 29 and 30: wevris (qalebis, mamakacebis, bavSv
- Page 31 and 32: Tema X genderuli Tanasworobis uzrun
- Page 33 and 34: genderul sakiTxebze momuSave pasuxi
- Page 35 and 36: Tema XI genderuli politikis ganxorc
- Page 37 and 38: Tema 12 genderuli statistika _ poli
- Page 39 and 40: qorwinebis statusis mixedviT, eleqt
- Page 41 and 42: daisva sakiTxi, ra ufro swori da ef
- Page 43 and 44: SesaZloa nebismieri sferos genderul
- Page 45 and 46: damatebiTi literatura da sxva saswa
- Page 47 and 48: Topic III. Gender aspects of electo
Tema II<br />
genderuli parametrebi politikur partiebSi<br />
qalTa monawileoba saqarTvelos politikuri partiebSi<br />
qalTa <strong>da</strong> genderuli sakiTxebi qarTul politikur diskursSi saerTod ar<br />
JRers. arc erT partias jerjerobiT ara aqvs Camoyalibebuli pozicia genderul<br />
sakiTxze; wevrTa genderuli statistikac ki ar warmoebs. gamokiTxvisas isini<br />
aRniSnavdnen, rom am niSniT ar ganasxvaveben TavianT wevrebs <strong>da</strong> kiTxvaze:<br />
“ramdeni qalia Tqvens partiaSi?”, yvelaze tipuri pasuxia _ wevrTa <strong>da</strong>axloebiT<br />
mesamedi.<br />
am Sefasebas a<strong>da</strong>sturebs 1998 <strong>da</strong> 2001 wels Catarebuli gamokiTxvebi 1 ,<br />
romelTa mixedviTac qalebi politikuri partiebis wevrTa saerTo raodenobis<br />
<strong>da</strong>axloebiT 30%-s Seadgenen. qalTa monawileobis procenti gacilebiT <strong>da</strong>balia<br />
partiebis mmarTvel organoebSi. 1995 wels partiaTa centralur xelmZRvanel<br />
organoebSi qalTa ricxvi mxolod 9% iyo, Semdgom ki umniSvnelod moimata <strong>da</strong><br />
11%-s miaRwia.<br />
1997 wels 158 politikuri partii<strong>da</strong>n qalebi xelmZRvanelobdnen aTs<br />
(partiaTa saerTo ricxvis 6%). 1998 wels arsebuli 79 partii<strong>da</strong>n qali lideri<br />
hyav<strong>da</strong> mxolod 4 partias (5%). 1999 wels registrirebuli 124 partii<strong>da</strong>n qalebi<br />
xelmZRvanelobdnen 5 partias (4%).<br />
partiebis programebi qalTa sakiTxebs srulebiT ar iTvaliswinebs. zogierTi<br />
partia Tvlis, rom qveyanaSi Seqmnili saerTo mZime mdgomareobis fonze es<br />
problema jerjerobiT aqtualuri ar aris. bevris azriT, ar aris aucilebeli<br />
qalTa problematikis ga<strong>da</strong>sawyvetad specifikuri, mizanmimarTuli saqmianobis<br />
warmarTva, radgan socialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareobis gamosworeba<br />
avtomaturad moagvarebs qalTa problemebsac. iSviaTi gamonaklisis saxiT<br />
partiul programebSi gvxdeba dedobis xelSewyobis sakiTxi (igulisxmeba<br />
mravalSvilian, martoxela <strong>da</strong> CvilbavSvian de<strong>da</strong>Ta <strong>da</strong>xmareba).<br />
zoga<strong>da</strong>d, qarTul politikur partiebs araTanmimdevruli <strong>da</strong> bundovani<br />
ideologiuri poziciebi aqvT, Sesabamisad, Znelia am bundovan ideologiur<br />
suraTSi mkafio genderuli xedvebisaTvis adgilis moZebna.<br />
im politikuri partiebi<strong>da</strong>n, romlebic Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mniSvnelovan rols<br />
asruleben politikur cxovrebaSi, qalTa seqciebi erT-or partiaSi Tu aris<br />
Seqmnili, magram ar arian imdenad Zlierni, rom gavlenas axdendnen partiis<br />
prioritetebis Camoyalibebaze. jerjerobiT partiebSi ar Canan genderulad<br />
mgrZnobiare <strong>da</strong> Tanasworobis sakiTxebze samuSaod motivirebuli qalebi,<br />
romlebic SeZlebdnen qarTul politikur diskursSi qalTa <strong>da</strong> genderuli<br />
problematikis wamowevas.<br />
2005 wlis Semodgomaze kavkasiuri institutis mier Catarebuli kvlevis<br />
Sedegebis Tanaxmad partiebis qalTa seqciebi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, saqvelmoqmedo<br />
saqmianobiT arian <strong>da</strong>kavebuli, «qalTa organizaciebis iniciativiT partiebs<br />
bevrjer gauweviaT mravalSviliani <strong>da</strong> invalidi ojaxebisaTvis <strong>da</strong>xmareba. isini<br />
aRricxaven socialurad <strong>da</strong>ucvel ojaxebs, swavloben maT problemebs <strong>da</strong><br />
SesaZleblobebis farglebSi gascemen... finansur <strong>da</strong> sxva materialur<br />
<strong>da</strong>xmarebebs». calkeul SemTxvevebSi politikuri partiebis wevr qalebs<br />
liderobisa <strong>da</strong> sxva saWiro unar-Cvevebis treningebs saerTaSoriso <strong>da</strong><br />
1<br />
xomeriki l., n. CubiniZe, qalebi saqarTvelos politikur partiebSi/cnobari -<br />
saqarTvelos politikur partiaTa cnobari, samoqalaqo kulturis saerTaSoriso<br />
centri, Tbilisi, 1998.<br />
l. xomeriki, S. murusiZe, qalTa monawileoba saqarTvelos politikur partiebSi,<br />
genderuli problematika saqarTveloSi, qalTa ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> informaciis centri,<br />
Tbilisi, 2002.<br />
10
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