maqs veberis sociologia - socium.ge
maqs veberis sociologia - socium.ge maqs veberis sociologia - socium.ge
daxmarebiT, romlebic Cveni codnis Sesabamisad gveCveneba yvelaze adeqvatursaSualebebad, e.i. miznebs mivsdevT cdis wesebis Sesatyvisad”.magram veberi bolomde arc racionalisturi tradiciis principebsac ar iziarebs.igi aRiarebs racionalizmis ara ontologiur, aramed meTodologiurmniSvnelobas; TviT veberis tendencia erTis mxriv meTodologiisa da ontologiisgaTiSvisadmi, xolo meores mxriv, meTodologiisa da msoflmxedvelobisa, aixsnebaswored racionalobis principisagan veberis zogierTi gadaxriT. politikurplanSi es gamoixateba klasikuri liberalizmidan veberis gadaxraSi _daSorebaSi. es daSoreba yvelaze metad SeimCneva masTan politikuri ekonomiisproblemebis ganxilvisas. politikur ekonomias – werda igi – ar SeuZliaorientacia warmarTos arc eTikur, arc sawarmoo-teqnikur, arc evdemonistur“idealebze” – mas SeuZlia da unda orientirebul iyos “erovnul” ideebze: misimizani unda iyos eris ekonomikuri gaZliereba da gafurCqvna. “eri” veberTangvevlineba rogorc mniSvnelovani politikuri “Rirebulebac”. marTalia, veberisracionalizmi srulebiTac ar atarebda iseT xasiaTs, rogorc germanulkonservatorebTan aqvs mas: veberi SesaZleblad ar miiCnevda “eris” gulisTviscalkeul individTa politikuri Tavisuflebebis Sewirvas. misi ideali iyopolitikuri Tavisuflebebisa da erovnuli Zlierebis Serwyma. politikuriliberalizmis erovnul motivebTan Serwyma sazogadod damaxasiaTebeliagermaniisaTvis da aqac veberi ar warmoadgens gansakuTrebulobas, magram igi“nacionalizmis” ideebs aZlevs ramdenadma sxvagvar dasabuTebas, vidre XX-isgermanuli liberalizmi.aseTive ormagobaa damaxasiaTebeli formaluri racionalurobisadmi veberiseulidamokidebulebisadmidac. amerikeli sociologi micmeni Seecada eCvenebina, romformaluri nacionalurobisadmi veberis damokidebuleba arsebiTad icvlebodamisi ganviTarebis proceSi. Micmeni Tvlis, rom Tu veberi Tavisi moRvaweobispirvel periodSi iyo racionalobis momxre da damcveli, maSin pirveli msoflioomis Semdeg igi racionalobis princips epyroba kritikulad, upirispirebs ram asiracionalur qarizmas. Cven gvgonia, rom veberis SemoqmedebaSi aseTi mkveTrievoluciis dadgena SeuZlebelia. Tu SevadarebT erTmaneTs veberis iseTqmnilebebs, rogoricaa “protestantuli eTika da katalizmis suli” (igiganekuTvneba pirvel periods veberis moRvaweobisas) da “mecniereba rogorcmowodeba da profesia’ (veberis sicocxlis ukanaskneli weli), maSin erTSic dameoreSic SeiZleba aRmovaCinoT racionalobis principisadmi veberisambivalenturi damokidebuleba. SeiZleba vilaparakoT mxolod aqcentebis SecvlisSesaxeb: “gmiruli pesimizmis” ganwyobileba, romelic sustad iyo warmodgeniliaxalgazrda veberTan, sicocxlis bolo periodSi wlidan wlamde Zlierdeboda.ara mxolod racionalobisadmi hqonda vebers ormagi damokidebuleba;aranakleb ormagad exeba igi mis antipods – qarizmas da TviT misdami yvelazeucxo “tradicias”. es garemoeba yovelTvis paralizebas ukeTebda veberis, rogorcpolitikosis moqmedebas. ama Tu im politikuri sakiTxis erTmniSvnelovangadawyvetas: yoveli dRes napovni gamosavali mas warmoedgina rogorc xvalindeliCixi. isini vinc icnobdnen veberis politikur temperaments, gakvirvebulni iyvnen,rodesac man amjobina mecnieris kariera profesionali politikosis karieras,magram, rogorc samarTlianad aRniSna momzenma, veberis piradi tragedia46
mdgomareobda imaSi, rom Tumca igi dabadebuli iyo moRvawed, misi aqtiurobayovelTvis paralizdeboda gansjis mier.10. religiis sociologiaidealuri tipebisadmi – racionalurobis, qarizmis, tradiciis mimarT veberiseulidamokidebulebis ormagoba yvelaze naTlad gamovlinda mis religiissociologiaSi.religiis sociologiaSi veberiseuli gamokvlevebi daiwyo misi Sromidan“protestantuli eTika da kapitalizmis suli” (1904) da dasrulda didiistoriul-sociologiuri eqskursebiT, romelic eZRvneba msoflio religiebisanalizs: induizmi, budizmi, konfucianeloba, daoizmi, iudaizmi da sxv. religiisSesaxeb veberis SromebSi SeiZleba gamovyoT ori etapi, romlebic gansxvavdebianara mxolod sagnis, aramed nawilobriv kvleviTi interesis mimarTulebiTac.pirvel etapze “protestantul eTikaze” muSaobis periodSi, religiisadmi veberisinteresi ZiriTadad izRudeboda sakiTxiT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra roli iTamaSareligiuri eTikis Secvlam, romelic ganpirobebuli iyo protestantizmiswarmoSobiTa da ganviTarebiT, Tanamedrove kapitalizmis CamoyalibebaSi dafarTod-cxovrebaSi racionalobis principis gatarebaSi. amitom veberis kvlevissagani xdeba religiur-eTikur principebsa da ekonomikuri saqmianobis formebsSoris kavSiri, Tan veberis polemikuri patosi mimarTulia religiis rogorcekonomikur urTierTobaTa produqtis marqsistuli gagebis winaaRmdeg.“protestantul eTikaSi“ dasaxuli Tema – religiis da ekonomikis kavSiri daurTierTgavlena – inarCunebs Tavis mniSvnelobas religiis Semdgom veberiseulgamokvlevebSic. rogor gavlenas axdenen religiur-eTikuri ganwyobani ekonomikurisaqmianobis ganxorcielebis xasiaTsa da wesze, da rac mTavaria, misi motivaciisformebze, Semdeg, meurneobis marTvis esa Tu is principi rogor axdenenreligiur-eTikuri principebis “deformirebas” _ ai veberis erT-erTi mTavari Temamsoflio religiebis kvlevisas. amasTanave analizis ZiriTad saSualebas veberTanwarmoadgens Sedareba: amas moiTxovs idealuri tipizirebis misi meTodi. SedarebissafuZvlad uwinares yovlisa, gvemsaxureba (rasakvirvelia, ara gansakuTrebiT) amaTu im religiuri eTikis mier daSvebuli ekonomikuri saqmianobis racionalizaciisxarisxi. racionalizaciis xarisxi, rogorc aCvenebs veberi _ ukuproporciuliamagiuri elementis Zalisa, romelic gansxvavebuli xarisxiT arsebobs yovelreligiaSi. dapirispirebuli wyvili “racionaluri-magiuri” warmoadgens analiziserT-erT instruments “msoflio religiebis sameurneo eTikaSi”. (am saxelwodebiTgamoaqveyna veberma 1916-1919 wlebSi statiaTa seria religiis sociologiaSiJurnal “Archiv fur Sozialwissennschaft und Sozialpolitik” 1916, Bd 41, 1916-17, Bd 42 1917-18, Bd44, 1918-19, Bd 46).magram, imis da mixedviT, Tu rogori zomiT gadioda veberi Tanamedrovekapitalizmis Camoyalibebisa da ganviTarebis Sesaxeb sakiTxidan sociologiisrogorc sazogadoebis Sesaxeb dadebiTi empiriuli mecnierebis uSualo Seqmnaze,im zomiT, ra zomiTac igi iazrebda religiuri faqtoris rolsa da adgilssocialuri warmonaqmnebis struqturaSi, misi religiis sociologia _adrindelTan erTad, iRebda datvirTvas: swored religiis sociologiisdaxmarebiT cdilobda veberi aRmoeCina-aexsna socialuri moqmedebis kategoriis47
- Page 1 and 2: maqs veberis sociologia1. maqs vebe
- Page 3 and 4: 1904 wlidan veberi iyo „Archiv fu
- Page 5 and 6: gadarCeboda. mSoblebs Soris aseTma
- Page 7 and 8: maqs veberis sociologiis ZiriTadi c
- Page 9 and 10: `Cven vwvdebiT ama Tu im moqmedebis
- Page 11 and 12: azri xSirad vulgarizebuli formiT ga
- Page 13 and 14: gulmowyale, Sesabamisad, gaCnda rwm
- Page 15 and 16: atonobis saxeobatradiciuliqarizmuli
- Page 17 and 18: maqs veberis sociologia1) kulturis
- Page 19 and 20: “Suasaukunoebrivi saqalaqo meurne
- Page 21 and 22: ogorc aRniSnaven veberis Semoqmedeb
- Page 23 and 24: “fsiqologiuri”, ramdenadac sazr
- Page 25 and 26: gaazrebuli mizanracionaluri moqmede
- Page 27 and 28: TviTon igi mainc gagebis Sesaxeb sa
- Page 29 and 30: ogorc Semecnebis principi, veberis
- Page 31 and 32: sxvebze orientaciis mimarTulebiT. A
- Page 33 and 34: eaqciaa SeCveul - Cveul gaRizianebe
- Page 35 and 36: acionalizacia, misi TvalsazrisiT, a
- Page 37 and 38: kapitalizmis bedis Sesaxeb sakiTxma
- Page 39 and 40: meTodologiisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli
- Page 41 and 42: ogorc winandel SemTxvevaSi, aris ge
- Page 43 and 44: saSualeba, amdenad legalurs ara aqv
- Page 45: omlis SenarCunebac swadda vinkelman
- Page 49 and 50: principebiT, ver iazreben religia g
- Page 51 and 52: principebi, romlebic Tanabrad misaR
- Page 53 and 54: xasiaTs. magram racionalur-asketuri
- Page 55 and 56: veberis sociologia da meTodologiajo
- Page 57 and 58: ganvixiloT rogorc naturaluri mecnie
- Page 59 and 60: drois germanel istorikosebSi. amas
- Page 61 and 62: modeli - marqsis mizezobriobis dial
- Page 63 and 64: 3. liderebis an maTi mimdevrebis mo
- Page 65 and 66: naTelia, rom veberma idealuri tipeb
- Page 67 and 68: gadawvita man Seeswavla am fenomeni
- Page 69 and 70: maqs veberi da Tanamedroveoba 1ento
- Page 71 and 72: es iyo pirveli jgufi [germaniaSi],
- Page 73 and 74: `Tavis ukidures arahumanurobaSi, _
- Page 75 and 76: eSroma Tavisi mowodebis gasamarTleb
- Page 77 and 78: 1. protestantizmis veberiseuli daxa
- Page 79 and 80: maqs veberimecniereba rogorc mowode
- Page 81 and 82: miayena im garemoebam, rom man saku
- Page 83 and 84: mwvervali usasrulobaSi gadadis. abr
- Page 85 and 86: igsi, Speneri. RmerTi idumalia, mis
- Page 87 and 88: Tu ara Rirebuli kulturis es movlene
- Page 89 and 90: dasawyisisTvis aseT arguments warmo
- Page 91 and 92: amerikels azradac ar mouva iyidos m
- Page 93 and 94: dRes mecniereba aris profesia, rome
- Page 95: wiaRSi. amis gakeTeba ki rTuli ar a
daxmarebiT, romlebic Cveni codnis Sesabamisad gveCveneba yvelaze adeqvatursaSualebebad, e.i. miznebs mivsdevT cdis wesebis Sesatyvisad”.magram veberi bolomde arc racionalisturi tradiciis principebsac ar iziarebs.igi aRiarebs racionalizmis ara ontologiur, aramed meTodologiurmniSvnelobas; TviT <strong>veberis</strong> tendencia erTis mxriv meTodologiisa da ontologiisgaTiSvisadmi, xolo meores mxriv, meTodologiisa da msoflmxedvelobisa, aixsnebaswored racionalobis principisagan <strong>veberis</strong> zogierTi gadaxriT. politikurplanSi es gamoixateba klasikuri liberalizmidan <strong>veberis</strong> gadaxraSi _daSorebaSi. es daSoreba yvelaze metad SeimCneva masTan politikuri ekonomiisproblemebis ganxilvisas. politikur ekonomias – werda igi – ar SeuZliaorientacia warmarTos arc eTikur, arc sawarmoo-teqnikur, arc evdemonistur“idealebze” – mas SeuZlia da unda orientirebul iyos “erovnul” ideebze: misimizani unda iyos eris ekonomikuri gaZliereba da gafurCqvna. “eri” veberTangvevlineba rogorc mniSvnelovani politikuri “Rirebulebac”. marTalia, <strong>veberis</strong>racionalizmi srulebiTac ar atarebda iseT xasiaTs, rogorc <strong>ge</strong>rmanulkonservatorebTan aqvs mas: veberi SesaZleblad ar miiCnevda “eris” gulisTviscalkeul individTa politikuri Tavisuflebebis Sewirvas. misi ideali iyopolitikuri Tavisuflebebisa da erovnuli Zlierebis Serwyma. politikuriliberalizmis erovnul motivebTan Serwyma sazogadod damaxasiaTebelia<strong>ge</strong>rmaniisaTvis da aqac veberi ar warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns gansakuTrebulobas, magram igi“nacionalizmis” ideebs aZlevs ramdenadma sxvagvar dasabuTebas, vidre XX-is<strong>ge</strong>rmanuli liberalizmi.aseTive ormagobaa damaxasiaTebeli formaluri racionalurobisadmi <strong>veberis</strong>eulidamokidebulebisadmidac. amerikeli sociologi micmeni Seecada eCvenebina, romformaluri nacionalurobisadmi <strong>veberis</strong> damokidebuleba arsebiTad icvlebodamisi ganviTarebis proceSi. Micmeni Tvlis, rom Tu veberi Tavisi moRvaweobispirvel periodSi iyo racionalobis momxre da damcveli, maSin pirveli msoflioomis Semdeg igi racionalobis princips epyroba kritikulad, upirispirebs ram asiracionalur qarizmas. Cven gvgonia, rom <strong>veberis</strong> SemoqmedebaSi aseTi mkveTrievoluciis dad<strong>ge</strong>na SeuZlebelia. Tu SevadarebT erTmaneTs <strong>veberis</strong> iseTqmnilebebs, rogoricaa “protestantuli eTika da katalizmis suli” (igiganekuTvneba pirvel periods <strong>veberis</strong> moRvaweobisas) da “mecniereba rogorcmowodeba da profesia’ (<strong>veberis</strong> sicocxlis ukanaskneli weli), maSin erTSic dameoreSic SeiZleba aRmovaCinoT racionalobis principisadmi <strong>veberis</strong>ambivalenturi damokidebuleba. SeiZleba vilaparakoT mxolod aqcentebis SecvlisSesaxeb: “gmiruli pesimizmis” ganwyobileba, romelic sustad iyo warmod<strong>ge</strong>niliaxalgazrda veberTan, sicocxlis bolo periodSi wlidan wlamde Zlierdeboda.ara mxolod racionalobisadmi hqonda vebers ormagi damokidebuleba;aranakleb ormagad exeba igi mis antipods – qarizmas da TviT misdami yvelazeucxo “tradicias”. es garemoeba yovelTvis paralizebas ukeTebda <strong>veberis</strong>, rogorcpolitikosis moqmedebas. ama Tu im politikuri sakiTxis erTmniSvnelovangadawyvetas: yoveli dRes napovni gamosavali mas warmoedgina rogorc xvalindeliCixi. isini vinc icnobdnen <strong>veberis</strong> politikur temperaments, gakvirvebulni iyvnen,rodesac man amjobina mecnieris kariera profesionali politikosis karieras,magram, rogorc samarTlianad aRniSna momzenma, <strong>veberis</strong> piradi tra<strong>ge</strong>dia46
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