qalebi da mamakacebi samsaxurSi
qalebi da mamakacebi samsaxurSi qalebi da mamakacebi samsaxurSi
York Times-s sqesobriv diskriminaciaSi dasdes brali,misma redaqtorma gakvirvebiT ikiTxa, ratom ar hqondakerZo kompanias ufleba `Tavisi kompania mxolod mamakacebiTdaekompleqtebina.~ (N. Robertson 1992:186). miuxedavadimisa, rom amgvari Ria diskriminacia dRes TiTqmiswarmoudgenlad migvaCnia, daaxloebiT 35 wlis winmsgavsi SemTxvevebi jer kidev kanonieri da Cveulebriviram iyo. mxolod 1960-iani wlebis samoqalaqo uflebebismoZraobis Sedegad moxerxda amerikelTa darwmuneba, romrasobrivi diskriminacia usamarTlobaa. kongresi da saxelmwifokanonmdeblebi iZulebulni gaxdnen sqesobrivi,rasobrivi da erovnuli niSniT diskriminacia kanoniTaekrZalaT.1964 wlis samoqalaqo uflebebis aqtis me-7 muxlismiRebiT kongresma akrZala dasaqmebisas rasobrivi, erovnuli,religiuri, sqesobrivi, asakobrivi da SezRuduliunarebis niSnebiT diskriminacia. am kanonis miRebis Sedegaddamsaqmeblebs aekrZalaT gansxvavebulad moepyronsakuTar TanamSromlebs im maxasiaTeblebis gamo, romel-Tac adre iTvaliswinebdnen samsaxurSi ayvanis, samuSaosmicemis, samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis, kompensaciis dadasaqmebis sxva pirobebis an privilegiebis gansazRvrisdros. Zalian bevr StatSi samsaxureobrivi diskriminaciiswinaaRmdeg specialuri kanonic miiRes.am kanonis aRsruleba daevala dasaqmebis TanabariSesaZleblobebis komisias (EEOC), romelic TiTqmis yovelTvisTanxebis simcires ganicdis da amitom kanonisaRsrulebis mTeli simZime ZiriTadad Tavad diskriminaciismsxverplTa zurgze gadadis (Reskin 2001). miuxedavadamisa, msxvili damsaqmeblebis winaaRmdeg sasamarTlogarCevebma mSromelTa uflebebi, maTi sqesisa da rasismiuxedavad samuSao adgilebi gacilebiT xelmisawvdomigaxda. zogierT msxvil damsaqmebelsa da EEOC-is SorismiRweuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze, damsaqmeblebma personalTandamokidebuleba mniSvnelovnad Secvales. sxvebmacsakuTari nebiT igive moimoqmedes. miuxedavad bevri95
win gadadgmuli nabijisa, dasaqmebisas ganxorcielebulidiskriminaciis Sesaxeb antidiskriminaciul samsaxurebsada sasamarTloebSi aTasobiT saCivari Sedis. magaliTad,erT-erTma aseTma samsaxurma (Office of Federal ContractCompliance Programs- OFCCP) aRmoaCina, rom Dart, Inc.-i samuSaoze ayvanisas mamakacebs teqnikur unar-Cvevebsumowmebda, radganac isini SedarebiT maRal-anazRaurebadipoziciebisaTvis esaWiroeboda, xolo qalebs ki xelissimardeSi cdida dabalanazRaurebadi fizikuri samuSaosSesasruleblad (Reskin 1998). msoflioSi erT-erTmayvelaze didma kompaniam, Home Depot-ma, 85 milioni dolarigadaixada im sasamarTlo braldebis gamosasyidad,romlis Tanaxmad am kompaniaSi qalebi mxolod dabalanazRaurebadsamuSaoebze iyvnen dasaqmebulni (Roush 1997).1999 wels ki Kohler Corporation-i daTanxmda erTi milionidolaris xarji gaewia da ezruna imaze, rom qalebi mxolodaratradiciuli fizikuri SromiT aRar yofiliyvnendakavebulni. 1990-ian wlebSi dasaqmebis Tanabari SesaZleblobebiskomisiaSi sqesobrivi diskriminaciis TaobazeweliwadSi 24000-ze meti saCivari Sedioda (U.S. EqualEmployment Opportunity Commission 1999), xolo 2000 gamokiTxuliserTi-mesamedis gancxadebiT, maT dasaqmebissferoSi diskriminaciis uSualo gamocdileba hqondaT(NBC News/Wall Street Journal 2000). rogorc me-4 TavSi gamoCndeba,am saCivrebidan Zalian cotaa iseTi, romelic`sapirispiro mimarTulebiT diskriminacias~ gulisxmobs;maTi umravlesoba swored qalebisa da umciresobebismier Setanili saCivrebia (Burstein 1991:518).me-7 muxlis Tanaxmad, diskriminaciis erT-erTi formaa seqsualuri zewola. dasaqmebis Tanabari SesaZleblobiskomisiam da sasamarTlom ori tipis sqesobrivizewolis arseboba aRiara- 1) quid pro quo, romelic gulisxmobs,rom zemdgomi piri mSromels sTxovs sqesobriviaqtis damyarebas, rogorc erT-erT aucilebelkomisiisa da sasamarloebis gadawyvetilebiT rasiTa Tu fizikuruZlurebiT gamowveuli zewola 7-e muxlis qveS eqceva da diskriminaciaswarmoadgens96
- Page 34 and 35: indusitrializaciamde Sinamosamsaxur
- Page 36 and 37: xelosnebi. industrializaciamdeli wa
- Page 38 and 39: anazRaurebaze momuSave muSebi, adam
- Page 40 and 41: qalebisa da bavSvebis daqiravebas i
- Page 42 and 43: da codvebisgan ganaridebdnen (Lerne
- Page 44 and 45: Rirseulad Seinaxos ojaxi, isev jent
- Page 46 and 47: sqesis niSniT Sromis gadanawileba R
- Page 48 and 49: sazriss, rom saSinao saqmianoba qal
- Page 50 and 51: am rasobriv da eTnikur jgufebs Sori
- Page 52 and 53: uxilavi da socialurad gaufasurebuli
- Page 54 and 55: ze dabalia muslimanur sazogadoebebS
- Page 56 and 57: faravs verc profkavSirebi da verc S
- Page 58 and 59: gamosaxuleba 2.2. qalTa ekonomikuri
- Page 60 and 61: mravalerovani korporaciebi (MNC) uk
- Page 62 and 63: dasasrul unda iTqvas, rom globaluri
- Page 64 and 65: 6. gaerTianebuli erebis mosaxleobis
- Page 66 and 67: • sqesobrivi segregacia - pirveli
- Page 68 and 69: 21-e saukunis dasawyisSi a.S.S.-Si
- Page 70 and 71: `mwvane revoluciam~ (maRalproduqtiu
- Page 72 and 73: daerwmunebinaT imaSi, rom ori sqesi
- Page 74 and 75: • mamakacebi, rogorc ojaxis `namd
- Page 76 and 77: niSnavs, rom isini Cveuli da avtoma
- Page 78 and 79: ideologiis safuZvelze Camoyalibebul
- Page 80 and 81: kaciis miRebaSi uSlidnen xels. maga
- Page 82 and 83: Tavad rZali ki sayvedurs gamoucxade
- Page 86 and 87: samuSao pirobas an rogorc garkveuli
- Page 88 and 89: sobrivi diskriminaciis gamarTleba (
- Page 90 and 91: Semosavlebi sakuTar ganaTlebaSi, pr
- Page 92 and 93: gens. saSualod, qalebs gacilebiT na
- Page 94 and 95: saxlis yoveldRiuri saqmeebisagan. i
- Page 96 and 97: kvlav daapirebs, qmari ukve ukmayof
York Times-s sqesobriv diskriminaciaSi <strong>da</strong>sdes brali,misma re<strong>da</strong>qtorma gakvirvebiT ikiTxa, ratom ar hqon<strong>da</strong>kerZo kompanias ufleba `Tavisi kompania mxolod <strong>mamakacebi</strong>T<strong>da</strong>ekompleqtebina.~ (N. Robertson 1992:186). miuxe<strong>da</strong>vadimisa, rom amgvari Ria diskriminacia dRes TiTqmiswarmoudgenlad migvaCnia, <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 35 wlis winmsgavsi SemTxvevebi jer kidev kanonieri <strong>da</strong> Cveulebriviram iyo. mxolod 1960-iani wlebis samoqalaqo uflebebismoZraobis Sedegad moxerx<strong>da</strong> amerikelTa <strong>da</strong>rwmuneba, romrasobrivi diskriminacia usamarTlobaa. kongresi <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifokanonmdeblebi iZulebulni gaxdnen sqesobrivi,rasobrivi <strong>da</strong> erovnuli niSniT diskriminacia kanoniTaekrZalaT.1964 wlis samoqalaqo uflebebis aqtis me-7 muxlismiRebiT kongresma akrZala <strong>da</strong>saqmebisas rasobrivi, erovnuli,religiuri, sqesobrivi, asakobrivi <strong>da</strong> SezRuduliunarebis niSnebiT diskriminacia. am kanonis miRebis Sedegad<strong>da</strong>msaqmeblebs aekrZalaT gansxvavebulad moepyronsakuTar TanamSromlebs im maxasiaTeblebis gamo, romel-Tac adre iTvaliswinebdnen <strong>samsaxurSi</strong> ayvanis, samuSaosmicemis, samsaxuri<strong>da</strong>n gaTavisuflebis, kompensaciis <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>saqmebis sxva pirobebis an privilegiebis gansazRvrisdros. Zalian bevr StatSi samsaxureobrivi diskriminaciiswinaaRmdeg specialuri kanonic miiRes.am kanonis aRsruleba <strong>da</strong>evala <strong>da</strong>saqmebis TanabariSesaZleblobebis komisias (EEOC), romelic TiTqmis yovelTvisTanxebis simcires ganicdis <strong>da</strong> amitom kanonisaRsrulebis mTeli simZime ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d Tavad diskriminaciismsxverplTa zurgze ga<strong>da</strong>dis (Reskin 2001). miuxe<strong>da</strong>va<strong>da</strong>misa, msxvili <strong>da</strong>msaqmeblebis winaaRmdeg sasamarTlogarCevebma mSromelTa uflebebi, maTi sqesisa <strong>da</strong> rasismiuxe<strong>da</strong>vad samuSao adgilebi gacilebiT xelmisawvdomigax<strong>da</strong>. zogierT msxvil <strong>da</strong>msaqmebelsa <strong>da</strong> EEOC-is SorismiRweuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze, <strong>da</strong>msaqmeblebma personalTan<strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba mniSvnelovnad Secvales. sxvebmacsakuTari nebiT igive moimoqmedes. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad bevri95
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