• sqesobrivi segregacia - pirveli TavSi ganvixileT is,Tu kacobriobis istoriis manZilze rogor warimar-Tebo<strong>da</strong> sazogadoebis mier Sromis sqesobrivi <strong>da</strong>nawileba,rac gulisxmob<strong>da</strong> <strong>qalebi</strong>sa <strong>da</strong> <strong>mamakacebi</strong>saTvissxva<strong>da</strong>sxva tipis samuSaos <strong>da</strong>kisrebas. sqesobrivi segregaciasqesobrivi niSniT Sromis <strong>da</strong>yofis aRmniSvneliterminia <strong>da</strong> gulisxmobs <strong>qalebi</strong>sa <strong>da</strong> <strong>mamakacebi</strong>sgansxvavebuli tipis samuSaoebSi masiur CarTvas.rogorc mTels msoflioSi, amerikaSic samuSao adgilebisqesobrivi segregaciis niSniTaa gansazRvruli.rogorc wesi, <strong>mamakacebi</strong> muSaoben sxva mamakacebTanerTad, xolo <strong>qalebi</strong> ki _ sxva qalebTa koleqtivSi.Zalian iSviaTia SemTxveva, rodesac amerikel mSromelssapirispiro sqesis iseTi TanamSromeli hyavs,romelic imave tipis samuSaos asrulebs, imave <strong>da</strong>mqiraveblisaTvis,imave adgilsa <strong>da</strong> imave cvlaSi (Carringtonand Troske 1994; Nelson and Bridges 1999; Petersenand Morgan 1995)). vis rogori samuSaos Sesrulebamouwevs, amis gansazRvra ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, sqesis gar<strong>da</strong>sxva tipis maxasiaTeblebiTac _ rasobrivi, eTnikuri<strong>da</strong> asakobrivi niSniT _ xdeba. magaliTad, afro-amerikeli<strong>qalebi</strong> meqsikuri warmoSobis amerikeli <strong>qalebi</strong>sagangansxvavebul samuSaos asruleben, xolo amukanasknelTa warmomadgenloba sakmaod <strong>da</strong>balia imsamuSao adgilebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c umravlesobas evropel-amerikeli<strong>qalebi</strong> warmoadgenen. evropuli, meqsikuri <strong>da</strong>aziuri warmoSobis amerikeli <strong>mamakacebi</strong>c sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvatipis samuSaoebSi arian Tavmoyrilni. un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos,rom is samsaxurebi, romlebSic <strong>qalebi</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>mamakacebi</strong>umravlesobebad <strong>da</strong> umciresobebad arian <strong>da</strong>yofilni,ara Tu erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebuli, aramed erTmaneTisaraTanabari samuSao adgilebia.• sqesobrivi niSniT gansxvaveba <strong>da</strong>winaurebisas <strong>da</strong> gavlenissferoebis ga<strong>da</strong>nawilebisas. saerTo suraTisTanaxmad, <strong>da</strong>winaurebisas mamakacebs qalebTan Se<strong>da</strong>re-77
iT aranairi privilegia ar gaaCniaT. Tumca, romelimeqvejgufis an konkretuli samuSao situaciis SemTxvevaSiesa Tu is sqesi aucileblad sargeblobs garkveuliupiratesobiT. mamakacebs organizaciebSi kvlavmaRali Tanamdebobebi ukaviaT, xolo profesiebisa<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>saqmebis sferoebis SemTxvevaSi ki umaRlesi wodebebismatarebelni arian. maSinac, rodesac vsaubrobTe.w. qalur saqmianobaze, magaliTad, eqTnadmuSaobaze, Tuki samsaxureobrivi pozicia maRalia,Zalian didia imis albaToba, rom es pozicia mamakacma<strong>da</strong>ikavos (Williams 1995). rogorc wesi, <strong>qalebi</strong>saTvis,romelTac samsaxurebSi saSualo poziciebi ukaviaT,maRal Tanamdebobze ga<strong>da</strong>svla faqtiurad SeuZlebelixdeba. es movlena cnobilia rogorc SuSis Weri - uxilaviWeri, romelic mSromelebs <strong>da</strong>winaurebaSi uSliTxels. es ar niSnavs imas, rom cudi samuSao adgilebi<strong>qalebi</strong>T aris Sevsebuli, xolo kargi samsaxurebi ki- <strong>mamakacebi</strong>T arian <strong>da</strong>kompleqtebuli. orive sqesiswarmomadgenlebi ga<strong>da</strong>nawilebulni arian, rogorckarg ise cud samsaxurebSi. magram, meore mxriv, Tukisaqmianobis TvalsazrisiT ga<strong>da</strong>nawilebas mivaqcevTyuradRebas, <strong>da</strong>vinaxavT, rom <strong>mamakacebi</strong>, marTlac, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>dkarg samsaxurebSi arian Tavmoyrilni, xoloqalTa samuSaoebis umetesoba arasaxarbieloa (Kalleberg,Reskin, and Hudson 2000, gamosaxuleba 4). gar<strong>da</strong>amisa, <strong>qalebi</strong> yovelTvis ufro nakleb xalxs uwevenze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelobas, vidre <strong>mamakacebi</strong> <strong>da</strong> finansur resursebsaciSviaTad akontroleben. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, romqali menejerebis raodenoba mniSvnelovnad gaizar<strong>da</strong>,ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebis procesSi, gansakuTrebiT kimniSvnelovani sakiTxebis ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetaSi, isini mamakacebTanSe<strong>da</strong>rebiT nakleb monawileobas iReben (Jacobs1992; Reskin and Ross 1992).• sqesobrivi niSniT gansxvaveba anazRaurebisas – mTelmsoflioSi <strong>da</strong> maT Soris a.S.S-Si mamakacebs gacilebiTmaRali anazRaureba aqvT, vidre qalebs. magaliTad,78
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socialur mecnierebaTa seriaqalebi d
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nelobaa iseTi saqmianoba, romelic s
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erTveboda Sromis am axal saxeobaSi,
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is mainc am sistemis uTanasworobis
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pologma geil rabinma (1975:178) Tqv
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maxasiaTeblebis (rogorebicaa rasa,
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sxvavebebs, anu genderirebaSi arian
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- Page 17 and 18: odesac warmoeba moiTxovs, qalebi da
- Page 19 and 20: amasTanave es Sedis mamakacTa inter
- Page 21 and 22: alebiT, amgvar gaufasurebas SeuZlia
- Page 24 and 25: nobisa da gaTxovebisken, kompania a
- Page 26 and 27: akrZaluli an Ria. garda amisa gende
- Page 28 and 29: da mSromelebi samsaxurSi genderul d
- Page 30 and 31: individebi. samuSao adgilTa mixedvi
- Page 32 and 33: II Tavigenderizebuli Sroma drosa da
- Page 34 and 35: indusitrializaciamde Sinamosamsaxur
- Page 36 and 37: xelosnebi. industrializaciamdeli wa
- Page 38 and 39: anazRaurebaze momuSave muSebi, adam
- Page 40 and 41: qalebisa da bavSvebis daqiravebas i
- Page 42 and 43: da codvebisgan ganaridebdnen (Lerne
- Page 44 and 45: Rirseulad Seinaxos ojaxi, isev jent
- Page 46 and 47: sqesis niSniT Sromis gadanawileba R
- Page 48 and 49: sazriss, rom saSinao saqmianoba qal
- Page 50 and 51: am rasobriv da eTnikur jgufebs Sori
- Page 52 and 53: uxilavi da socialurad gaufasurebuli
- Page 54 and 55: ze dabalia muslimanur sazogadoebebS
- Page 56 and 57: faravs verc profkavSirebi da verc S
- Page 58 and 59: gamosaxuleba 2.2. qalTa ekonomikuri
- Page 60 and 61: mravalerovani korporaciebi (MNC) uk
- Page 62 and 63: dasasrul unda iTqvas, rom globaluri
- Page 64 and 65: 6. gaerTianebuli erebis mosaxleobis
- Page 68 and 69: 21-e saukunis dasawyisSi a.S.S.-Si
- Page 70 and 71: `mwvane revoluciam~ (maRalproduqtiu
- Page 72 and 73: daerwmunebinaT imaSi, rom ori sqesi
- Page 74 and 75: • mamakacebi, rogorc ojaxis `namd
- Page 76 and 77: niSnavs, rom isini Cveuli da avtoma
- Page 78 and 79: ideologiis safuZvelze Camoyalibebul
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- Page 82 and 83: Tavad rZali ki sayvedurs gamoucxade
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- Page 90 and 91: Semosavlebi sakuTar ganaTlebaSi, pr
- Page 92 and 93: gens. saSualod, qalebs gacilebiT na
- Page 94 and 95: saxlis yoveldRiuri saqmeebisagan. i
- Page 96 and 97: kvlav daapirebs, qmari ukve ukmayof
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