q a l i T u r q e T S i
q a l i T u r q e T S i q a l i T u r q e T S i
96qali ufro aqtiurad iRebda memkvidreobiT uZrav qonebas, vidre esxdeboda XVII saukuneebis anatoliaSi.interess moklebuli ar iqneba Tu SevCerdebiT XVIII saukunisosmaleTis imperiis princesaTa danaxarjebze. osmaleTis imperiisarsebobis manZilze princesaTa moxmarebis sagnebs yovelTvis SeadgendaZvirfasi nivTebi. XVIII saukunidan am princesaTa politikuri roligaizarda da Sesabamisad maTma danaxarjebmac imata da gamWvirvaleSeiqmna. danaxarjebis ZiriTad wyaros warmoadgenda zRvis zolSibosforis gaswvriv mdebare vilebi (sahilsarai). aseTi vilebi,Cveulebriv, saimperio dinastiis Camomaval qalebs dabadebidan gaaCndaT,an gadaecemodaT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu isini am dinastiis CamomavalzegaTxovdebodnen. princesaTa qmrebi xSirad igzavnebodnen SoreulprovinciebSi, princesebi ki ar tovebdnen dedaqalqs, es vilebi iyo maTimudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili (faroqhi 2003: 155).safie sultans gaaCnda agarakebi, abanoebi da baRebi, amasTanavezRvispira agarakebi usqudaris sazRvao zolSi, fermebi silivriSi,salTfanSi. mas agreTve gaaCnda vakfebi, romlidanac Semosul Tanxassaqvelmoqmedo saqmianobas axmarda. aRsaniSnavia, rom am sasaxleebmaCvenamdis ar moaRwia, radganac isini xisagan iyo nagebi da maT Sesaxebmxolod istoriuli dokumentebidan vigebT. evropeli mogzaurebiaRfrTovanebas uziarebdnen erTmaneTs bosforis zolSi arsebulisasaxleebis gamo. vxvdebiT agreTve am mogzaurTa mier am sasaxleTaaRwerilobas.sultnebi xSirad stumrobdnen TavianT qaliSvilebsa da debsbosforis sanapiro zolSi mdebare vilebSi. princesebi asevedainteresebulni iyvnen am vilebis rekonstruqciiT. magaliTad, haTijesultanma, selim III-is (1789-1807) dam daafinansa stambolis pirvelineoklasikuri stilis Senobis aSeneba, romlis arqiteqtoric iyo frangia.i. melingi (faroqhi 2003: 155). princesas gardacvalebis Semdeg misi vilaar gadaecemoda mis memkvidres, aramed Semdeg princesas.Tofkafisa da premierministris sasaxleebis gamokvlevebs ufroSorsac mivyavarT. irkveva, rom XVI-XVII ss-is manZilze dinastiis
97Camomavali qalebi iyvnen didmasStabiani sameCeTo kompleqsebisdamaarseblebi. XVIII s-Si aseTi saqmianoba naklebad mniSvnelovani iyo.XIV saukunidan moyolebuli osmaleTis imperiis arnaxulmasiZlierem ganapiroba arqiteqturis ayvaveba, rac XVI saukuneSi ufrofarTod gaiSala. islamur sazogadoebaSi qalis SezRuduli uflebebismiuxedavad, selCukTa da osmalTa xanaSi mravali arqiteqturulinageboba iqna dafinansebuli qalTa mier. es faqti badebs kiTxvebs, Turomel socialur fenas miekuTvnebodnen zemoT dasaxelebuli qalebi, rasaxsrebiT afinansebdnen monumenturi Zeglebis mSeneblobas. jer kidevwinaosmalur periodSi anatoliaSi Sendeboda konkretuli qalebisadmimiZRvnili mavzoleumebi, sadac mdebareobda sasaflaoc. selCukTaxanidan SemorCenilia erTi aseTi Zegli, is mdebareobs qalaq kaiserSi damiZRvnilia erT-erTi im droisaTvis metad cnobili qalbatonisadmi –mahferi xaTunisadmi, romelsac ewodeboda “princesaTa princesa”,“sultnebis sultnis deda” (beiTsi 1978:245).XII saukunidan moyolebuli vidre XV saukunemde aSenebuli 1000medresedan 5 atarebda qalis saxels, aseve 119 qaravansaraidan 6 atarebdaqalis saxels. aRsaniSnavia, rom 5 am 6-dan aSenebulia mahferi xaTunismier. es qali dominirebs selCukTa xanaSi, rogorc yvelaze didimSenebeli.zemoT CamoTvlili magaliTebidan advilad SegviZlia davaskvnaT,rom qalis roli socialur da politikur cxovrebaSi selCukTasaxelmwifoSi de facto aRiarebuli iyo. es ganapiroba im faqtma, romselCukma qalebma gamocdileba miiRes qristianuli samyarodan, romelicim teritoriaze selCukTa xanamde arsebobda.osmalo qalebi aarsebdnen religiur dawesebulebebs: meCeTebs,skolebs, mavzoleumebs, aseve saero Senobebs: abanoebs, bazrebs, xidebs,karavansaraiebs.am mxriv sainteresoa ganvixiloT saxelovani arabi mogzauris ibnbatutas naSromi “mogzauroba”, kerZod Tavi, romelic exeba mismogzaurobas Sua aziasa da ramodenime axlomdebare raionSi, sadac isagviRwers Tu ra uflebebiT sargeblobdnen adgilobrivi qalebi,romlebic iyvnen iqauri gamgeblebis colebi. ibn batuta, Tavis
- Page 45 and 46: 45haremis metad korumpirebul fenas
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- Page 49 and 50: 49igive faqtze aris yuradReba gamax
- Page 51 and 52: 514. valide sultani.qalTa mmarTvelo
- Page 53 and 54: 53didi avtoritetiT sargeblobda. dro
- Page 55 and 56: 558. handani (1603-1603) mehmed III
- Page 57 and 58: 57aseve imeorebs Zvel da popularul
- Page 59 and 60: 59gsurT daipyroT Cveni qveyana, maS
- Page 61 and 62: 61Soris imperator ioane V paleologi
- Page 63 and 64: 63mas Wkvian qalad miiCnevda. aqeda
- Page 65 and 66: 65ebraelis, saxelad “kiarezas”
- Page 67 and 68: 67miliardi asperi inaxeboda (hameri
- Page 69 and 70: 69sultans adanaSaulebdnen didZali f
- Page 71 and 72: 71“regentobis xanis” aRsaniSnav
- Page 73 and 74: 73gamyarda, radganac man SeZlo swra
- Page 75 and 76: 75aeyvanaT da sazeimo ceremonia meC
- Page 77 and 78: 77balansi didad iyo damokidebuli su
- Page 79 and 80: 79Tvlida Tavis TiToeul nabijs, rogo
- Page 81 and 82: 81sultans acnoba, ris Sedegadac mox
- Page 83 and 84: 83axali sultani gaxda ibrahimis 7 w
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- Page 87 and 88: 87mamakaci iyo. ceremonia iyo simbo
- Page 89 and 90: 89vercxlisa da oqros foTlebiT morTu
- Page 91 and 92: 916. qalis statusi osmalurisaojaxo
- Page 93 and 94: 93memkvidreobiT gadacema. “mahri
- Page 95: 957. qali da qvelmoqmedeba osmaleTi
- Page 99 and 100: 99kargi cxeni. is saukeTeso, morwmu
- Page 101 and 102: 101Sadrevnebi” (zarinebafi 2002:5
- Page 103 and 104: 103colis yola sxva mizeziTac iyo ga
- Page 105 and 106: 105mesakuTris qonebidan. berklis mi
- Page 107 and 108: 107da gaTxovebis Semdegac mas Sors
- Page 109 and 110: 109yofila qoseleris fermis da saxle
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- Page 113 and 114: 113umaRlesi titulis - hajis mflobel
- Page 115 and 116: 115maRaziebic, romlis xSiri stumreb
- Page 117 and 118: 117sultan Mmustafa II-is (1695-1703
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- Page 121 and 122: 121sasamarTlos Canawerebidan vgebul
- Page 123 and 124: 123sainteresoa XVIII s-is kaiseris
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- Page 127 and 128: 127gogonebi ukve CarSafiT dadiodnen
- Page 129 and 130: 129Tavi III1. qali TurqeTis respubl
- Page 131 and 132: 131mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba sazoga
- Page 133 and 134: 133qemalistebis mxridan Zveli tradi
- Page 135 and 136: 1352002:567). saintereso iqneba Tu
- Page 137 and 138: 137Tanaxmad TurqeTSi Cadris mtarebe
- Page 139 and 140: 139qsovilis an pirsaxocis naWers, r
- Page 141 and 142: 141mravalcolianobis SemTxvevebi. ad
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- Page 145 and 146: 145tradiciulma religiurma feministu
96qali ufro aqtiurad iRebda memkvidreobiT uZrav qonebas, vidre esxdeboda XVII saukuneebis anatoliaSi.interess moklebuli ar iqneba Tu SevCerdebiT XVIII saukunisosmaleTis imperiis princesaTa danaxarjebze. osmaleTis imperiisarsebobis manZilze princesaTa moxmarebis sagnebs yovelTvis SeadgendaZvirfasi nivTebi. XVIII saukunidan am princesaTa politikuri roligaizarda da Sesabamisad maTma danaxarjebmac imata da gamWvirvaleSeiqmna. danaxarjebis ZiriTad wyaros warmoadgenda zRvis zolSibosforis gaswvriv mdebare vilebi (sahilsarai). aseTi vilebi,Cveulebriv, saimperio dinastiis Camomaval qalebs dabadebidan gaaCndaT,an gadaecemodaT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu isini am dinastiis CamomavalzegaTxovdebodnen. princesaTa qmrebi xSirad igzavnebodnen SoreulprovinciebSi, princesebi ki ar tovebdnen dedaqalqs, es vilebi iyo maTimudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili (faroqhi 2003: 155).safie sultans gaaCnda agarakebi, abanoebi da baRebi, amasTanavezRvispira agarakebi usqudaris sazRvao zolSi, fermebi silivriSi,salTfanSi. mas agreTve gaaCnda vakfebi, romlidanac Semosul Tanxassaqvelmoqmedo saqmianobas axmarda. aRsaniSnavia, rom am sasaxleebmaCvenamdis ar moaRwia, radganac isini xisagan iyo nagebi da maT Sesaxebmxolod istoriuli dokumentebidan vigebT. evropeli mogzaurebiaRfrTovanebas uziarebdnen erTmaneTs bosforis zolSi arsebulisasaxleebis gamo. vxvdebiT agreTve am mogzaurTa mier am sasaxleTaaRwerilobas.sultnebi xSirad stumrobdnen TavianT qaliSvilebsa da debsbosforis sanapiro zolSi mdebare vilebSi. princesebi asevedainteresebulni iyvnen am vilebis rekonstruqciiT. magaliTad, haTijesultanma, selim III-is (1789-1807) dam daafinansa stambolis pirvelineoklasikuri stilis Senobis aSeneba, romlis arqiteqtoric iyo frangia.i. melingi (faroqhi 2003: 155). princesas gardacvalebis Semdeg misi vilaar gadaecemoda mis memkvidres, aramed Semdeg princesas.Tofkafisa da premierministris sasaxleebis gamokvlevebs ufroSorsac mivyavarT. irkveva, rom XVI-XVII ss-is manZilze dinastiis
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