q a l i T u r q e T S i
q a l i T u r q e T S i q a l i T u r q e T S i
68moiTxova, rom frangebs mis saxelze samefo sayviri miecaT. franguligemebi marTlac swrafad SeCerdnen da artileriam cecxli gaxsna,valides sapativsacemod sapasuxo cecxli gaxsna sasaxlis artileriamac(persi 1993:241).valide sultnebis didi avtoritetis miuxedavad, XVI saukuneSi maTxSirad eqmnebodaT problemebi. yvela sultans rodi surda, rom maTideda maT saqmeebSi Careuliyo. aseT SemTxvevebs gansakuTrebiT maSinhqonda adgili, roca sultani srulwlovanebis asaks miaRwevda da TavsSesaferisad igrZnobda, rom MmTeli qveynis marTva Tavis Tavze aeRo.valide sultnebis gavlenis sfero marTlac farTo iyo. maT didizegavlena hqondaT mopovebuli sasaxlis karis umaRles moxeleebsSoris. maTi qaliSvilebi Txovdebodnen gavlenian pirebze, SesabamisadmaT moqiSpeebic uCndebodaT sultnis didveziris, mufTisa da winasultnebis saxiT.aRsaniSanvia, rom TviTon sultansac ar siamovnebda dedamisis mierdamoukidebeli politikis gatareba, gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca dedisqmedebani mis politikasTan SeusabamobaSi modioda. mehmed III-s (1595-1603)xSirad uxdeboda dedasTan – safiesTan dapirispireba. 1600-1603 ww-SistambolSi myofi elCi agostino nini aRniSnavs, rom safie sultani argamoirCeoda mmarTvelobis gansakuTrebuli niWiT, piriqiT, misi roliqveynis marTvaSi umniSvnelo iyo. misi cnobis mixedviT mehmed III-s safiesultani sasaxlidan Zvel sasaxleSi gadauyvania, magram ramodenimedReSi kvlav ukan daubrunebia. safie sultani agreTve gadaurCajariskacebis amboxebasac, romlebic moiTxovdnen misi sasaxlidan Sorsgasaxlebas. es sabolood imiT dasrulda, rom safie edirneSi waiyvanes.garda amisa, safie sultani daadanaSaules fulis gadaxarjvaSi,romelic man meCeTis asaSeneblad gaiRo, romelic Tumca veRardasrulda.safie sultnis arapopularobas aRniSnavs ingliseli elCi henrilelo da ambobs, rom mufTi da jariskacebi xSirad Ciodnen sultanTansafie sultnis mmarTvelobis gamo (lelo 1952:2).yvelaze seriozuli krizisi, romelsac safie daupirispirda, iyo1600 wels saimperio jaris jariskacebis amboxeba, romlebic aseve valide
69sultans adanaSaulebdnen didZali fulis gaflangvaSi. “martokomerciul saqmianobaSi safie sultnis qoneba 500 mln aspers Seadgenda.yvelanair qrTams safie sultani ebraeli qalis daxmarebiT iRebda,romelic misi marjvena xeli iyo” (persi 1993:242). muhamedma ajanyebulebidaawynara da Sepirda, rom mdgomareobas gamoasworebda.safiem gadawyvita, rom Tavisi siZe – didveziri ibrahim-faSa daadmirali halil-faSa Tanamdebobidan gadaeyenebina, radganac maT verSeZles misi dacva ajanyebis dros. magram, unda aRiniSnos, rom sultanmamehmedma yurad ar iRo dedis naTqvami da ar daTanxmda mis moTxovnas.selaniqis cnobis mixedviT, mas dedisaTvis pasuxad SeuTvlia, romvezirebs aranairi danaSauli ar miuZRodaT.safie sultnisagan gansxvavebiT, kidev ufro naklebi uflebebiTsargeblobda ahmed I-is (1603-1617) deda handan sultani. unda aRiniSnos,rom handan sultani iyo mehmed III-is Zis da safie sultnis SviliSvili.ahmed I-ma yurad ar iRo dedis Txovna, ar daesaja sikvdiliT didvezirimehmed faSa, romelmac saTanado zomebi ver miiRo da ver Caaqro 1603wlis anatoliis ajanyeba. dedis Txovnis miuxedavad, ajanyebidandabrunebuli mehmed faSa sultanma dauyovnebliv sikvdiliT dasaja(feCevi 1864-1867:31). handan sultani ahmedis taxtze asvlidan 2 wlisSemdeg gardaicvala.miuxedavad imisa, rom murad III-m (1574-1595) SemoiRo valide-sultnisinstituti, igi dedas Tavis saqmes mxolod misi dedaqalaqSi aryofnisperiodSi gadaabarebda xolme. muradi dedas ar rTavda nebas sruliZalaufleba aeRo xelSi, rogorc nurbanu da safie sultnebisSemTxvevaSi iyo. yvela momdevno sultnis sazrunavi agreTve iyo is, romSeezRudaT dedebis uflebebi, romlebic xSir SemTxvevaSi aWarbebdnenTavis Zalauflebas da faqtobriv mmarTvelebad iqceodnen xolme, Tumcaes balansi didad iyo damokidebuli sultnebis da dedebis pirovnulTvisebebze da SesaZleblobebze.Cans, rom mehmed III-is (1595-1603) Semdgomi sultnebi seriozuladdafiqrdnen valide sultnebis xelisuflebaze da gadawyvites maTiuflebebi CarCoSi moeqciaT.
- Page 17 and 18: 17epoqaSi qali ganixileboda, rogorc
- Page 19 and 20: 19aarsebda meCeTebsa da sxva religi
- Page 21 and 22: 21meTvalyureobis qveS iyo da gadawy
- Page 23 and 24: 23islamis gavrcelebis Semdeg osmale
- Page 25 and 26: 25selim I -is kanonTa wignis Sedgen
- Page 27 and 28: 27damokidebuli iyo qalis socialur m
- Page 29 and 30: 29mamakacis adgilas da sifahimac ar
- Page 31 and 32: 31faqtobrivad iyo pasuxi misi koleg
- Page 33 and 34: 33XVIII saukunis saxelovani poeti q
- Page 35 and 36: 353. haremi da misi ierarqia osmale
- Page 37 and 38: 37wlis Cerqezi gogona, 15-16 wlis C
- Page 39 and 40: 39meqrTameobis kera. haramxana mdeb
- Page 41 and 42: 41radganac sultanTan pirispir Sexve
- Page 43 and 44: 43MmTavari “Hasseki Sultan”-i i
- Page 45 and 46: 45haremis metad korumpirebul fenas
- Page 47 and 48: 47naTesavebi da axvedrebdnen 200-md
- Page 49 and 50: 49igive faqtze aris yuradReba gamax
- Page 51 and 52: 514. valide sultani.qalTa mmarTvelo
- Page 53 and 54: 53didi avtoritetiT sargeblobda. dro
- Page 55 and 56: 558. handani (1603-1603) mehmed III
- Page 57 and 58: 57aseve imeorebs Zvel da popularul
- Page 59 and 60: 59gsurT daipyroT Cveni qveyana, maS
- Page 61 and 62: 61Soris imperator ioane V paleologi
- Page 63 and 64: 63mas Wkvian qalad miiCnevda. aqeda
- Page 65 and 66: 65ebraelis, saxelad “kiarezas”
- Page 67: 67miliardi asperi inaxeboda (hameri
- Page 71 and 72: 71“regentobis xanis” aRsaniSnav
- Page 73 and 74: 73gamyarda, radganac man SeZlo swra
- Page 75 and 76: 75aeyvanaT da sazeimo ceremonia meC
- Page 77 and 78: 77balansi didad iyo damokidebuli su
- Page 79 and 80: 79Tvlida Tavis TiToeul nabijs, rogo
- Page 81 and 82: 81sultans acnoba, ris Sedegadac mox
- Page 83 and 84: 83axali sultani gaxda ibrahimis 7 w
- Page 85 and 86: 85mniSvnelovani gavlenis qveS. l. k
- Page 87 and 88: 87mamakaci iyo. ceremonia iyo simbo
- Page 89 and 90: 89vercxlisa da oqros foTlebiT morTu
- Page 91 and 92: 916. qalis statusi osmalurisaojaxo
- Page 93 and 94: 93memkvidreobiT gadacema. “mahri
- Page 95 and 96: 957. qali da qvelmoqmedeba osmaleTi
- Page 97 and 98: 97Camomavali qalebi iyvnen didmasSt
- Page 99 and 100: 99kargi cxeni. is saukeTeso, morwmu
- Page 101 and 102: 101Sadrevnebi” (zarinebafi 2002:5
- Page 103 and 104: 103colis yola sxva mizeziTac iyo ga
- Page 105 and 106: 105mesakuTris qonebidan. berklis mi
- Page 107 and 108: 107da gaTxovebis Semdegac mas Sors
- Page 109 and 110: 109yofila qoseleris fermis da saxle
- Page 111 and 112: 111Cven vigebT, rom haje hanimi xel
- Page 113 and 114: 113umaRlesi titulis - hajis mflobel
- Page 115 and 116: 115maRaziebic, romlis xSiri stumreb
- Page 117 and 118: 117sultan Mmustafa II-is (1695-1703
69sultans adanaSaulebdnen didZali fulis gaflangvaSi. “martokomerciul saqmianobaSi safie sultnis qoneba 500 mln aspers Seadgenda.yvelanair qrTams safie sultani ebraeli qalis daxmarebiT iRebda,romelic misi marjvena xeli iyo” (persi 1993:242). muhamedma ajanyebulebidaawynara da Sepirda, rom mdgomareobas gamoasworebda.safiem gadawyvita, rom Tavisi siZe – didveziri ibrahim-faSa daadmirali halil-faSa Tanamdebobidan gadaeyenebina, radganac maT verSeZles misi dacva ajanyebis dros. magram, unda aRiniSnos, rom sultanmamehmedma yurad ar iRo dedis naTqvami da ar daTanxmda mis moTxovnas.selaniqis cnobis mixedviT, mas dedisaTvis pasuxad SeuTvlia, romvezirebs aranairi danaSauli ar miuZRodaT.safie sultnisagan gansxvavebiT, kidev ufro naklebi uflebebiTsargeblobda ahmed I-is (1603-1617) deda handan sultani. unda aRiniSnos,rom handan sultani iyo mehmed III-is Zis da safie sultnis SviliSvili.ahmed I-ma yurad ar iRo dedis Txovna, ar daesaja sikvdiliT didvezirimehmed faSa, romelmac saTanado zomebi ver miiRo da ver Caaqro 1603wlis anatoliis ajanyeba. dedis Txovnis miuxedavad, ajanyebidandabrunebuli mehmed faSa sultanma dauyovnebliv sikvdiliT dasaja(feCevi 1864-1867:31). handan sultani ahmedis taxtze asvlidan 2 wlisSemdeg gardaicvala.miuxedavad imisa, rom murad III-m (1574-1595) SemoiRo valide-sultnisinstituti, igi dedas Tavis saqmes mxolod misi dedaqalaqSi aryofnisperiodSi gadaabarebda xolme. muradi dedas ar rTavda nebas sruliZalaufleba aeRo xelSi, rogorc nurbanu da safie sultnebisSemTxvevaSi iyo. yvela momdevno sultnis sazrunavi agreTve iyo is, romSeezRudaT dedebis uflebebi, romlebic xSir SemTxvevaSi aWarbebdnenTavis Zalauflebas da faqtobriv mmarTvelebad iqceodnen xolme, Tumcaes balansi didad iyo damokidebuli sultnebis da dedebis pirovnulTvisebebze da SesaZleblobebze.Cans, rom mehmed III-is (1595-1603) Semdgomi sultnebi seriozuladdafiqrdnen valide sultnebis xelisuflebaze da gadawyvites maTiuflebebi CarCoSi moeqciaT.
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