q a l i T u r q e T S i

27damokidebuli iyo qalis socialur mdgomareobaze. qalis mruSobaSimxilebis dros dabali wris qali ufro sastikad isjeboda, vidremaRali sazogadoebis warmomadgeneli qali. kanunTa wignSi vkiTxulobT:“rodesac moxdeba Cxubi qalebs Soris da isini erTmaneTs gawewaven, ansxva... Tu isini uweso qalebs ganekuTvnebian, maSin isini sastikad undaiqnen dasjilni, TiToeuli joxis dartymaze aRebul iqnes jarima 1 axCa,xolo Tu isini wesier qalebs ganekuTvnebian, maSin jarimas gadaixdianmaTi qmrebi, 20 axCas” (tveritinova 1969:32). anu es ukanasknelni arisjebian fizikuri sasjeliT, maTgan kanoni mxolod jarimis gadaxdiTkmayofildeba.yuranis mixedviT (sura, 2, 4 ...) ori mowme qalis Cveneba TanabariaerTi mamakacis Cvenebisa. selim I-is kanunTa wignidan ki vrwmundebiT, romqalis Cveneba iseTive angariSgasawevia, rogorc mamakacisa. erTi da igivedanaSaulisaTvis kanoni erTnairad moqmedebs rogorc mamakacisaTvis, iseqalisaTvis. mag.: “Tu mamakaci ityvis qalze, rom masTan erTad imruSa daqali uaryofs, qalma unda dados fici, mamakaci ki unda daisajos daTiToeuli 2 joxis dartymaze aRebul iqnes jarima 2 axCa” (tveritinova1969:32). aseTive kanoni moqmedebs qalze: “Tu qali an qaliSvili mamakacsdaadanaSaulebs cud yofaqcevaSi, kaci ki amas uaryofs, maSin qalissityvebs ar unda mieqces yuradReba. mamakacma unda dados fici mowmisdauswreblad, qali an qaliSvili ki unda daisajos 2 joxis dakvriT, anaRebul iqnes jarima 1 axCa” (tveritinova 1969:32).selim I-is “kanun-name” naTel suraTs warmogvidgens qalismdgomareobis Sesaxeb memkvidreobis miRebisas. mamis gardacvalebisSemdeg memkvidreoba mTlianad vaJiSvilze gadadioda. kanunTa wignSivkiTxulobT: “Tu gardacvlil raiaTs 8 darCeba vaJiSvili an qaliSvilida oriveni moiTxoven: es miwa mamaCemisaa: - sifahis (feodali) ekrZalebagadasces miwa qaliSvils, da arc man unda gadasces” (tveritinova1969:47). Tu mamas vaJi ar darCeba, maSin miwa qaliSvils gadaecema: “Tugardacvlils ar darCeba vaJi da mxolod qaliSvili, maSin aris aseTibrZaneba, rom Tu qaliSvili miwas moiTxovs, maSin mas kanoniT miwa unda8 raiaTi iyo glexis saerTo aRmniSvneli aRmosavleTis qveynebSi