q a l i T u r q e T S i

17epoqaSi qali ganixileboda, rogorc viRacis sakuTreba, islamisgavrcelebis Semdeg ki man moipova ufleba. amitom islamis ayvavebisxanaSi muslimur qveynebSi qals Tavisuflad da mSvidad SeeZlodaekavebina misTvis Sesaferisi Tanamdeboba” (uCoki 1982:19). muslimiqalebi, maT Soris Turqi qalebi, warmatebiT moRvaweobdnen mecnierebis,literaturis dargSi. isini faqtobrivad ar CamorCebodnen mamakacebs arcpolitikur arenaze. asrulebdnen saxelmwifo saqmeebs, iyvnen valiebi,naibebi (nacvlebi, regentebi) da Zlevamosili meufeni.qalis uflebebze saubrobs profesori m. meieric. Sua saukuneebisxanaSi mamakaci dakavebuli iyo miwaTmoqmedebiT, mecxoveleobiT. isiniiyvnen mTavari mwarmoeblebi, arCendnen ojaxebs, zrunavdnenSTamomavlobaze. amasTanave, mamakacs eqvemdebareboda qveynis ekonomikuri,politikuri, samxedro sistemebi. “patriarqaluri Sua saukuneebis qalsekava dabali, arasruflebiani mdgomareoba, magram es ar unda avurioTuuflebobaSi. qalis socialur statuss maRla ayenebda misi roliojaxSi, qals ufleba hqonda sakuTrebaze, memkvidreobidan wilismiRebaze, sasamarTloSi sarCelis Setanaze da sxv” (uCoki 1982:7).islamSi qalis idealis CamoyalibebaSi yuranTan, hadisebTan(gadmocema mociqul muhamadis sityvebis da saqcielis Sesaxeb), damuslimur samarTalTan erTad garkveuli roli Seasrula cnobilipolitikuri da religiuri moRvaweebis sxvadasxva rekomendaciam damiTiTebam (gelovani 2003:421). XI saukuneSi nizam al-mulqi, sultnebisToRrul-begis (1037-1063), alf-arslanis (1063-1072) da meliq-Sahis (1072-1092)dros Turq-selCukTa saxelmwifos veziri Tavis politikur traqtatSi -“siaseT-nameSi” werda: “Tu ginda, rom qveyana ar daiqces, colssaxelmwifo saqmeebSi Carevis ufleba ar misce. Tu mbrZanebeli coliskarnaxiT marTavs qveyanas, saxelmwifo zaraldeba, xalxi gansacdelSivardeba, iwyeba qaosi, iflangeba xazina, zeimobs boroteba... colsmousmine, magram ar daujero” (nizam ul-mulqi 1999:53).nizam al-mulqis es sityvebi ganpirobebuli iyo Turqi qalisaqtiurobiT politikur arenaze Turq-selCukTa sazogadoebaSi. amisSesaxeb vkiTxulobT istorikosi sadr ad-din al-huseinis naSromSi“cnobebi selCukTa saxelmwifoze, romelic iuwyeba selCukTa emirebsa da