q a l i T u r q e T S i
q a l i T u r q e T S i q a l i T u r q e T S i
138konstituciis proeqtis erT-erTma avtorma prof. e. ozbudunma mxaridauWira premier-ministrs da gaixsena sociologiuri gamokiTxvisSedegebi, ris mixedviTac qalTa 70% atarebs Cadrs da am faqts isinimiiCneven rogorc religiur wess.axali kanoni, romelic parlamentma miiRo 2007 wels kvlav Seicavsmuxls Zveli konstituciidan, sadac naTqvamia, rom “ganaTlebis miRebaunda moxdes aTaTurqis principebisa da normebis dacvis paraleluradda amavdroulad unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli TanamedrovesaganmanaTleblo normebi saxelmwifos meTvalyureobiTa da kontroliT.TurqeTis respublikis gamocxadebidan pirvelive dReebSi Tavisdaburvis sakiTxi aqtualuri xdeba. 41 aTaTurqi miiCnevda, rom Cacma ariskulturis gamomxatveli. aTaTurqi cdilobda dasavluri saxelmwifosaSenebas da ilaSqrebda islamuri Tavsaburavebisa da Cadris winaaRmdeg.man sabolood akrZala es ukanaskneli, romelic misTvis osmaleTisimperiis gadmonaSTi iyo. erT-erTi sityviT gamosvlisas aTaTurqmaganacxada: “zogierT adgilas me Sevxvdi qalebs, romlebic atarebdnen41aqve interessmoklebuli ar iqneba, Tu gadavinacvlebT istoriulwarsulSi da davsZenT, rom muslimi qalis mier Cadris tareba moxdadapyrobil xalxTan asimilaciis Sedegad. rogorc CvenTvis aris cnobili,islamis ayvavebisas Cadrs moixmardnen sasanianTa sazogadoebaSi, qristianulaxlo aRmosavleTsa da xmelTaSuazRvispira regionSi. muhamedis cxovrebisasmisi colebi iyvnen erTaderTi muslimi qalebi, romlebic valdebulni iyvnenTavi daeburaT, misi gardacvalebis Semdeg, muslimTa mier mimdebareteritoriebis dapyrobis Sedegad, Cadris tareba maRali sazogadoebiswarmomadgeneli qalTaTvis savaldebuli gaxda (ahmadi 1992:5). am sakiTxs exebaistorikosi n. gelovani, romlis azriTac “Cadri da karCaketiloba ar ariswminda islamuri movlena. abraamistuli erTRmerTianobis tradiciagansakuTrebul yuradRebas uTmobs morwmune qalis garegnul saxes. qalissxeulis dafarva ucxo Tvalisagan, “swori Cacma” yovelTvis iyo qalissiwmindisa da umankoebis simbolo. Cadri uZvelesi droidan qalismorTulobisa da Cacmulobis aucilebel atributs warmoadgenda. magram es wesiucxo iyo islamamdeli arabebisaTvis. Cadris Cveuleba muslimebTan gavrceldamezobeli bizantiidan da sparseTidan” (gelovani 2005:136).
139qsovilis an pirsaxocis naWers, raTa damalon saxeebi... ras niSnavs essaqcieli? batonebo, nuTu SeiZleba ganaTlebuli eris dedebma daqaliSvilebma dauSvan aseTi saqcieli, aseTi barbarosuli mdgomareoba?es aris sanaxaoba, romelic mTels ers sasacilos xdis. es undadauyovnebliv gamoswordes” (liusi 1961:165). is aseve dasZenda: “megobrebo,Cveni qalebi Cveulebriv azrovneben... modiT daanaxon maT TavianTi saxemsoflios, da dae maTac dainaxon is sakuTari TvalebiT” (uaiTi, 2003:150)erTmaneTSi ar unda avurioT Tavsaburavi, romelsac atarebdaislamisti aqtivisti, da tradiciuli Tavsafari. pirveli maTganimTlianad faravs saxes, garda Tvalebisa, amasTanave ar unda Candes Tmisnawilic ki. meore ki warmoadgens erTgvar qsovilis nawils, misdafarebisas Cans Tmis nawili. mas qali atarebs dakrZalvisas, an soflismeurneobaSi muSaobisas mzis sxivebisagan dasacavad.1998 wlis dasawyisSi ganaTlebis saministrom SemoiRo kodeqsi,romliTac mkacrad ganisazRvra Cacmis stili maswavleblebisa dastudentebisaTvis skolebsa da universitetebSi, am kodeqsiT, aseve,ikrZaleboda religiuri simboloebis tareba. aman kidev ufro gaaRvivasaprotesto talRa. masSi monawileobas parlamentarebic iRebdnen.Cafas samedicino fakultetis profesori aisel eqSi mogviTxrobsCvenTvis cnobili sekularisti qalis – bahrie uCokis tragikulistoriaze. romelmac gabeda da televiziiT ganacxada, rom Tavsaburavistareba ar iyo savaldebulo yuranis mixedviT. am orma qalma erTadmiiRo monawileoba 1993 wels konferenciaze germaniaSi, romelic mieZRvnaqalTa statusis ganxilvas. uCokma gamoxata SiSi, rom is SesaZlebeliamoeklaT fundamentalistebs. ori kviris Semdeg is marTlac moklessakuTar saxlSi asafeTqebeli nivTierebiT (ahmedi 1992:105).iranSi mimdinare movlenebma da TurqeTSi islamuri moZraobisgaaqtiurebam SeaSfoTa universitetis qalTa fena, ramac 1989 wels biZgimisca “Tanamedrove cxovrebis mxardasaWeri sazogadoebis” (CYDD)gaxsnas, romlis mizanic aris TurqeTis demokratiuli sistemis dacvaradikaluri islamisagan.
- Page 87 and 88: 87mamakaci iyo. ceremonia iyo simbo
- Page 89 and 90: 89vercxlisa da oqros foTlebiT morTu
- Page 91 and 92: 916. qalis statusi osmalurisaojaxo
- Page 93 and 94: 93memkvidreobiT gadacema. “mahri
- Page 95 and 96: 957. qali da qvelmoqmedeba osmaleTi
- Page 97 and 98: 97Camomavali qalebi iyvnen didmasSt
- Page 99 and 100: 99kargi cxeni. is saukeTeso, morwmu
- Page 101 and 102: 101Sadrevnebi” (zarinebafi 2002:5
- Page 103 and 104: 103colis yola sxva mizeziTac iyo ga
- Page 105 and 106: 105mesakuTris qonebidan. berklis mi
- Page 107 and 108: 107da gaTxovebis Semdegac mas Sors
- Page 109 and 110: 109yofila qoseleris fermis da saxle
- Page 111 and 112: 111Cven vigebT, rom haje hanimi xel
- Page 113 and 114: 113umaRlesi titulis - hajis mflobel
- Page 115 and 116: 115maRaziebic, romlis xSiri stumreb
- Page 117 and 118: 117sultan Mmustafa II-is (1695-1703
- Page 119 and 120: 119faravda da mxolod Tvalebi uCanda
- Page 121 and 122: 121sasamarTlos Canawerebidan vgebul
- Page 123 and 124: 123sainteresoa XVIII s-is kaiseris
- Page 125 and 126: 125skolebSi. 1880-iani wlebidan sko
- Page 127 and 128: 127gogonebi ukve CarSafiT dadiodnen
- Page 129 and 130: 129Tavi III1. qali TurqeTis respubl
- Page 131 and 132: 131mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba sazoga
- Page 133 and 134: 133qemalistebis mxridan Zveli tradi
- Page 135 and 136: 1352002:567). saintereso iqneba Tu
- Page 137: 137Tanaxmad TurqeTSi Cadris mtarebe
- Page 141 and 142: 141mravalcolianobis SemTxvevebi. ad
- Page 143 and 144: 143ibeWdeboda dasavlel mweralTa sxv
- Page 145 and 146: 145tradiciulma religiurma feministu
- Page 147 and 148: 147adgilobrivma qalma. zeims Tan ax
- Page 149 and 150: 149“Kadinca”, romelic dResac ga
- Page 151 and 152: 151cxovrebaSi yvelasaTvis gza xsnil
- Page 153 and 154: 153j a n m r T e l o b a1926w. abor
- Page 155 and 156: 155p o l i t i k a1923w. qalTa ufle
- Page 157 and 158: 1571995w. TurqeTma monawileoba miiR
- Page 159 and 160: 159winaislamur epoqaSi qali ganixil
- Page 161 and 162: 161valide sultani mogvevlina, rogor
- Page 163 and 164: 163tansacmlis evropuli kabiT Canacv
- Page 165 and 166: 165TurqeTSi qalTa aqtiurobis done s
- Page 167 and 168: 167Tursun bei 1997ibn batuta 1963ib
- Page 169 and 170: 169sadr ad-dini 1980selaniqi 19892
- Page 171 and 172: 171yurani 2006yurani. Targmna da ko
- Page 173 and 174: 173aqilmazi 2002aaqilmazi 2002bahma
- Page 175 and 176: 175gelovani 2005gelovani 2003gelova
- Page 177 and 178: 177valCi 1970Walch, R., XVII. Yűzy
- Page 179 and 180: 179kinrosi 1997kinrosi 2002krutie 1
- Page 181 and 182: 181Новичев А.Д. Рефор
- Page 183 and 184: 183svaniZe m., osmaleTis istoria. t
- Page 185 and 186: 185qalis ... 1999qaflani 2002qirqi
- Page 187 and 188: 187joSari f.m., qalebi Turqul sazog
139qsovilis an pirsaxocis naWers, raTa damalon saxeebi... ras niSnavs essaqcieli? batonebo, nuTu SeiZleba ganaTlebuli eris dedebma daqaliSvilebma dauSvan aseTi saqcieli, aseTi barbarosuli mdgomareoba?es aris sanaxaoba, romelic mTels ers sasacilos xdis. es undadauyovnebliv gamoswordes” (liusi 1961:165). is aseve dasZenda: “megobrebo,Cveni qalebi Cveulebriv azrovneben... modiT daanaxon maT TavianTi saxemsoflios, da dae maTac dainaxon is sakuTari TvalebiT” (uaiTi, 2003:150)erTmaneTSi ar unda avurioT Tavsaburavi, romelsac atarebdaislamisti aqtivisti, da tradiciuli Tavsafari. pirveli maTganimTlianad faravs saxes, garda Tvalebisa, amasTanave ar unda Candes Tmisnawilic ki. meore ki warmoadgens erTgvar qsovilis nawils, misdafarebisas Cans Tmis nawili. mas qali atarebs dakrZalvisas, an soflismeurneobaSi muSaobisas mzis sxivebisagan dasacavad.1998 wlis dasawyisSi ganaTlebis saministrom SemoiRo kodeqsi,romliTac mkacrad ganisazRvra Cacmis stili maswavleblebisa dastudentebisaTvis skolebsa da universitetebSi, am kodeqsiT, aseve,ikrZaleboda religiuri simboloebis tareba. aman kidev ufro gaaRvivasaprotesto talRa. masSi monawileobas parlamentarebic iRebdnen.Cafas samedicino fakultetis profesori aisel eqSi mogviTxrobsCvenTvis cnobili sekularisti qalis – bahrie uCokis tragikulistoriaze. romelmac gabeda da televiziiT ganacxada, rom Tavsaburavistareba ar iyo savaldebulo yuranis mixedviT. am orma qalma erTadmiiRo monawileoba 1993 wels konferenciaze germaniaSi, romelic mieZRvnaqalTa statusis ganxilvas. uCokma gamoxata SiSi, rom is SesaZlebeliamoeklaT fundamentalistebs. ori kviris Semdeg is marTlac moklessakuTar saxlSi asafeTqebeli nivTierebiT (ahmedi 1992:105).iranSi mimdinare movlenebma da TurqeTSi islamuri moZraobisgaaqtiurebam SeaSfoTa universitetis qalTa fena, ramac 1989 wels biZgimisca “Tanamedrove cxovrebis mxardasaWeri sazogadoebis” (CYDD)gaxsnas, romlis mizanic aris TurqeTis demokratiuli sistemis dacvaradikaluri islamisagan.