q a l i T u r q e T S i

125skolebSi. 1880-iani wlebidan skolebi gaixsna calkeul provinciebSiadgilobriv mmarTvelTa iniciativiT (faroqhi 2003:159).qalebi cdilobdnen sagazeTo publikaciebis saSualebiTsazogadoebisaTvis ecnobebinaT TavianTi problemebi. qalebi atarebdnenkonferenciebs, qmnidnen sazogadoebebs. magaliTad, 1869 w-danmoyolebuli, roca daibeWda qalTa pirveli gazeTi “Teraqi muhaderaTi”(civilizaciis progresi), 40-mde qalTa gazeTi iqna dabeWdili vidre 1926w-mde, roca axali laTinuri anbani SemoiRes. am periodidan moyolebuliTurqeTSi daarsda mravali qalTa sazogadoeba, romelic ibrZoda qalTauflebebisaTvis.1886 wels daibeWda pirveli Jurnali “yvavilis furceli”(“Şűkűfezar”), sadac ibeWdeboda mxolod qalTa statiebi, misi mflobeliqali iyo. Jurnalistebidan aRsaniSnavia: munire, fatma nevberi da fatmanigari.Jurnali “qalTa gazeTi” (“Hanımlara mahsus gazete”) gamodioda 1895-dan1908 wlamde. masSi momuSave TanamSromlebi iyvnen rogorc qalebi, isemamakacebi, maT Soris iyo novelisti fatma alie. (faroqhi 2003:160)mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi ganicada saojaxo samarTalmac. “kanoni nebasrTavda daqvrivebul qals xelmeored daqorwinebuliyo” (iaramani 2001:24).“1856 wels miRebuli kanoniT gogonebs, biWebis msgavsad, uflebaeZleodaT mamis danatovari miwa memkvidreobiT mieRoT da yofiliyvnen ammiwis mflobelni” ” (iaramani 2001:25).1868 wels gamoica kanoni “Maarif-i Umumiye Nizamnamesi” (“saxalxoganaTlebis regulacia”), romliTac “mTavroba mouwodebda osmaleTisimperiis mTels mosaxleobas, rom qaliSvilebi 6-11 wlis asakSigaegzavnaT dawyebiT skolebSi ganaTlebis misaRebad” (Çana). mogvianebiTki, 1876 wels gamosul “konstituciaSi” (“Kanuni Esasi”) ewera, romosmaleTis imperiis mTeli mosaxleoba valdebuli iyo mieRo dawyebiTiganaTleba.qalTa mimarT saxelmwifos aseTma damokidebulebam ganapirobaqalTaTvis ufro didi yuradRebis mipyroba. qalTa Temas exebodastatiebi aTeulobiT Jurnalsa da gazeTSi, sadac yvelaze aqtualuriTema iyo qalTaTvis ganaTlebis micema, rasac didi mniSvneloba eqneboda