q a l i T u r q e T S i
q a l i T u r q e T S i q a l i T u r q e T S i
106savaraudoa, rom ramodenime qalma osmaleTis imperiaSi, sarwmunowyaroebis mixedviT Seasrula meqaSi piligrimoba. imisaTvis, romaRniSnuli misia Segesrulebina, anu bursadan hijazSi Casuliyavi, undayofiliyavi sakmaod mdidari. haji 39 anu piligrimoba meqaSi didi pativiiyo TiToeuli mislimisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT ki qalTaTvis. sultanfaSabinT haji muradma meqaSi haji winaswar dagegma, magram is iqamdegardaicvala. man Tavis anderZSi daibara, rom Tavisi ZvirfasiTavsaburaviT daafinansebda nebismiers, romelic mis nacvladganaxorcielebda hajis. samwuxarod, ar mogvepoveba zusti cnobebi imisSesaxeb misi Tavsaburavi sakmarisi anazRaureba iyo Tu ara hajis(piligrimis) daqiravebiT ganxorcielebisaTvis. ar aris agreTve cnobili,vinmem ganaxorciela Tu ara misi ukanaskneli survili. iyvneniseTi qalebic (savaraudoa, rom es iyo haje benefSe), romlis dedas damamas Sesrulebuli hqondaT meqaSi piligrimoba. man mouwoda ramodenimeqals, rom SeesrulebinaT meqaSi haji. Tumca rogor moaxerxa man amisganxorcieleba, Cven ar viciT. gvaqvs cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom hajeSahfaSas hqonda hajis tituli.osmaleTis samefo wris mxolod oTxma wevrma (aqedan arcerTisultani) Seasrula haji. maT Soris iyvnen sultnebis ahmed II-is (1691-95)da mahmud I-is (1730-54) colebi (gudvini 1994:118).SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom qalis mier meqaSi piligrimobisSesruleba miuTiTebda ara mxolod maT qonebriv SesaZleblobebze,aramed mTlianad maTi ojaxis maRal statusze.sainteresoa ori mdidari provincieli qalis qonebrivimemkvidreobis mimoxilva. es qalebi arian: haje saliha Ciosidan daCeSmedan, romelic gardaicvala 1806 wels, hava hanimi, romelicgardaicvala 1860-61 wels. haje salihas Sesaxeb vgebulobT, rom erTerTmamisma babuam daaarsa saojaxo kera Ciossa da CeSmeSi, romlisSemadgenlobaSic Sedioda sarwyavi baRi, venaxi da ramodenime maRazia.CvenESegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom haje saliha warmoSobiT im adgilidan iyo39 haji - piligrimoba meqaSi, muslimis xuTi ZiriTadi movaleobidan, islamisxuTi burjidan erT-erTi (jafariZe 1999b:233).
107da gaTxovebis Semdegac mas Sors wasvla ar mosdomebia. “SesaZlebeliamoxda isec, rom haje saliha daubrunda Tavis warmoSobis adgilsrogorc qvrivi. magram es naklebad savaraudoa. iqidan gamomdinare, rommis sakuTrebaSi myofi miwa patara teritoriaze iyo gadaWimuli,SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT, rom am qals qonebis didi nawilimemkvidreobiT ergo. ra asakSi gardaicvala, cnobili ar aris, magramsaxeli haje miuTiTebs, rom is unda yofiliyo sul cota Sua xnis qalimainc” (faroqhi 2003a:154).haje salihas inventari naklebad damakmayofilebelia XV saukunismkvlevarisaTvis, radganac iq araferia cnobili memkvidreze.SedarebiT meti informacia mogvepoveba hava hanimze, romeliccxovrobda anatoliaSi da gardaicvala 1860-61 wels, haje salihasgardacvalebidan 54 wlis Semdeg. mis inventarizaciaSi mopovebulididZali simdidris garda Cven viciT misi mamisa da babuis saxelebi(haji mehmed faSa aRa da abubeqiri). CvenTvis ucnobia, Tu ra iyo maTiSemosavlis wyaro, garda imisa, rom isini iyvnen miwismflobelebianatoliaSi. misi qmari cnobilia, rogorc mubaiacizade mustafabeiefendi halil aRa. misi winaprebi, savaraudoa, rom gamdidrnenosmalTa jarisadmi da flotisadmi xorbleulis miyidviT.sikvdilis Semdeg hava hanims darCa ori vaJi, daaxloebiT 14 wlisa.Cven TiTqmis ar mogvepoveba informacia misi erTaderTi qaliSvilisSesaxeb - iyo Tu ara gaTxovili, datova Tu ara STamomavloba. hava hanimigardaicvala 30-40 wlis asakSi. Cven ar viciT mis qmars sxva colebichyavda Tu ara.savaraudoa, rom hava hanimis qonebis TiTqmis naxevari modioda misiTavdapirveli qonebidan. gaTxovebis Semdeg mis qonebas Seemata mxolodsaqorwino gadasaxadi mahri, romelic, SesaZlebelia, yofiliyo raimesamkauli. Cans, rom hava hanimi yofila XIX saukunis Sua wlebisanatoliis erT-erTi iSviaTi memkvidre gamorCeulad mdidari kacisa.SesaZlebelia, rom man Tavisi qoneba gazarda investiciebis xarjze,gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac islamuri kanonmdeblobis mixedviT,mxolod mis qmars SeeZlo ekontrolebina ojaxis dRiuri gasavali.
- Page 55 and 56: 558. handani (1603-1603) mehmed III
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- Page 65 and 66: 65ebraelis, saxelad “kiarezas”
- Page 67 and 68: 67miliardi asperi inaxeboda (hameri
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- Page 75 and 76: 75aeyvanaT da sazeimo ceremonia meC
- Page 77 and 78: 77balansi didad iyo damokidebuli su
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- Page 89 and 90: 89vercxlisa da oqros foTlebiT morTu
- Page 91 and 92: 916. qalis statusi osmalurisaojaxo
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- Page 95 and 96: 957. qali da qvelmoqmedeba osmaleTi
- Page 97 and 98: 97Camomavali qalebi iyvnen didmasSt
- Page 99 and 100: 99kargi cxeni. is saukeTeso, morwmu
- Page 101 and 102: 101Sadrevnebi” (zarinebafi 2002:5
- Page 103 and 104: 103colis yola sxva mizeziTac iyo ga
- Page 105: 105mesakuTris qonebidan. berklis mi
- Page 109 and 110: 109yofila qoseleris fermis da saxle
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- Page 113 and 114: 113umaRlesi titulis - hajis mflobel
- Page 115 and 116: 115maRaziebic, romlis xSiri stumreb
- Page 117 and 118: 117sultan Mmustafa II-is (1695-1703
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- Page 131 and 132: 131mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba sazoga
- Page 133 and 134: 133qemalistebis mxridan Zveli tradi
- Page 135 and 136: 1352002:567). saintereso iqneba Tu
- Page 137 and 138: 137Tanaxmad TurqeTSi Cadris mtarebe
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- Page 147 and 148: 147adgilobrivma qalma. zeims Tan ax
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- Page 155 and 156: 155p o l i t i k a1923w. qalTa ufle
107da gaTxovebis Semdegac mas Sors wasvla ar mosdomebia. “SesaZlebeliamoxda isec, rom haje saliha daubrunda Tavis warmoSobis adgilsrogorc qvrivi. magram es naklebad savaraudoa. iqidan gamomdinare, rommis sakuTrebaSi myofi miwa patara teritoriaze iyo gadaWimuli,SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT, rom am qals qonebis didi nawilimemkvidreobiT ergo. ra asakSi gardaicvala, cnobili ar aris, magramsaxeli haje miuTiTebs, rom is unda yofiliyo sul cota Sua xnis qalimainc” (faroqhi 2003a:154).haje salihas inventari naklebad damakmayofilebelia XV saukunismkvlevarisaTvis, radganac iq araferia cnobili memkvidreze.SedarebiT meti informacia mogvepoveba hava hanimze, romeliccxovrobda anatoliaSi da gardaicvala 1860-61 wels, haje salihasgardacvalebidan 54 wlis Semdeg. mis inventarizaciaSi mopovebulididZali simdidris garda Cven viciT misi mamisa da babuis saxelebi(haji mehmed faSa aRa da abubeqiri). CvenTvis ucnobia, Tu ra iyo maTiSemosavlis wyaro, garda imisa, rom isini iyvnen miwismflobelebianatoliaSi. misi qmari cnobilia, rogorc mubaiacizade mustafabeiefendi halil aRa. misi winaprebi, savaraudoa, rom gamdidrnenosmalTa jarisadmi da flotisadmi xorbleulis miyidviT.sikvdilis Semdeg hava hanims darCa ori vaJi, daaxloebiT 14 wlisa.Cven TiTqmis ar mogvepoveba informacia misi erTaderTi qaliSvilisSesaxeb - iyo Tu ara gaTxovili, datova Tu ara STamomavloba. hava hanimigardaicvala 30-40 wlis asakSi. Cven ar viciT mis qmars sxva colebichyavda Tu ara.savaraudoa, rom hava hanimis qonebis TiTqmis naxevari modioda misiTavdapirveli qonebidan. gaTxovebis Semdeg mis qonebas Seemata mxolodsaqorwino gadasaxadi mahri, romelic, SesaZlebelia, yofiliyo raimesamkauli. Cans, rom hava hanimi yofila XIX saukunis Sua wlebisanatoliis erT-erTi iSviaTi memkvidre gamorCeulad mdidari kacisa.SesaZlebelia, rom man Tavisi qoneba gazarda investiciebis xarjze,gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac islamuri kanonmdeblobis mixedviT,mxolod mis qmars SeeZlo ekontrolebina ojaxis dRiuri gasavali.
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