personaluri monacemebis dacva
personaluri monacemebis dacva
personaluri monacemebis dacva
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<strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong><strong>dacva</strong>sazRvargareTis qveynebiskanonmdeblobis analizi
kvleva momzadebulia saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTaasociaciis mier proeqtis - “finansuri gamWvirvaloba dasajaro dawesebulebebis antikorufciuli monitoringi”- farglebSi. finansuri mxardaWera - Ria sazogadoebisinstituti (OSI).saredaqcio kolegia:redaqtori:teq. redaqtori:gamocemaze pasuxismgebeli:xaTuna yviralaSviliirakli svaniZeTamar gurCianigiorgi CxeiZeaiwyo da dakabadondasaqarTvelos axalgazrdaiuristTa asociaciaSi.krilovis q.15 Tbilisi 0102 saqarTvelo(+995 32) 95 23 53, 93 61 01tiraJi 300 caliakrZalulia aq moyvanili masalebis gadabeWdva, gamravleba an gavrcelebakomerciuli mizniT, asociaciis werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------© 2007, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia
sarCeviwinasityvaoba .................................................................................. 5estoneTi ............................................................................................. 7latvia ................................................................................................ 18litva ................................................................................................... 24poloneTi ......................................................................................... 39safrangeTi ...................................................................................... 48holandia ........................................................................................... 54germania ............................................................................................. 64inglisi .............................................................................................. 74ungreTi ............................................................................................. 81
kvlevaSi Setanili wvlilisaTvis madlobas vuxdiTsaqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis iuridiuliganaTlebis xelSewyobis fondis saerTaSoriso samarTlis kursis studentebs:nino sariSvils, Tamar dauSvils, zurab lanCavas, Jana jinWaraZes
winasityvaobawinamdebare kvlevis mizania, wvlili Seitanos qveyanaSi mimdinare<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis sistemis CamoyalibebaSi. dResdReobiTsaqarTveloSi ar arsebobs srulyofili sakanonmdeblo baza <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb. evropis kavSiris samezoblo politikissamoqmedo gegmis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelo valdebulia, <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> avtomaturi damuSavebisas moaxdinos fizikuri pirebis dacvisSesaxeb konvenciis implementacia. aucilebelia specialuri kanonismiReba da sxvadasxva kanonSi cvlilebebis ganxorcieleba imisaTvis, rom<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba, gadacema, Senaxva da <strong>dacva</strong> moxdessaerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamisad, agreTve, saxelmwifom daicvasbalansi informaciis Tavisuflebasa da adamianis piradi cxovrebisuflebas Soris.saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis Tanaxmad, romelicinformaciis Tavisuflebis sakiTxebTan erTad, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>ada piradi saidumloebis maregulirebel ZiriTad instruments warmoadgens,`yvelas aqvs ufleba, gaecnos administraciul organoSi arsebul sajaroinformacias, agreTve, miiRos aslebi, Tu isini ar Seicavs saxelmwifo,profesiul, komerciul an pirad saidumloebas~. am kanoniT, <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemi ganmartebulia, rogorc sajaro informacia, romelic pirisidentifikaciis saSualebas iZleva. xolo <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemispirad saidumloebad miCnevis sakiTxs, garda kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuliSemTxvevebisa, wyvets piri, romlis Sesaxebac arsebobs es informacia.rac Seexeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis wess, es sakiTxi,samwuxarod, srulyofilad ar regulirdeba. saqarTvelos zogadiadministraciuli kodeqsi sajaro dawesebulebas avaldebulebs mxolodiseTi <strong>personaluri</strong> informaciis Segrovebas, damuSavebas da Senaxvas,romelTa Segrovebis ufleba mas pirdapir an uSualod aqvs kanoniTminiWebuli da romelic aucilebelia am sajaro dawesebulebis miersakuTar uflebamosilebaTa gansaxorcieleblad. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,piris moTxovnis an sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, sajarodawesebuleba valdebulia, gaanadguros kanoniT gansazRvruli miznebiTgauTvaliswinebeli, agreTve, arazusti, arasarwmuno, arasruli dasaqmesTan daukavSirebeli monacemebi an Secvalos isini zusti, sarwmuno,drouli da sruli monacemebiT.sajaro dawesebuleba valdebulia, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> SegrovebisasmimarTos pirs, romelzec grovdeba informacia, acnobos am <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis mizani da samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi; sxva wyarodan<strong>personaluri</strong> informaciis miRebis ufleba sajaro dawesebulebas aqvsmxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu amoiwura pirvelwyarodan <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> miRebis yvela sxva SesaZlebloba. sxva wyarodan <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis SemTxvevaSi, sajaro dawesebuleba valdebulia,Sesabamis pirs miawodos informacia informaciis momwodeblis da im mesamepirebis Sesaxeb, romelTac SesaZloa gadaeceT es monacemebi.
saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> <strong>dacva</strong>sTan,damuSavebasTan, Senaxvasa da gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT mxolod aseTizemoT aRwerili deklaraciuli normebisgan Sedgeba. miuxedavad imisa,rom kanoni aregulirebs sajaro dawesebulebis mier imgvari <strong>personaluri</strong>informaciis Segrovebis, damuSavebis, Senaxvis an gacemis sakiTxs, romelicdakavSirebulia piris religiur, seqsualur an eTnikur kuTvnilebasTan,politikur da msoflmxedvelobriv SexedulebebTan, aseTi <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> sakiTxi mainc ar aris srulyofilad damuSavebuli. ar xdebasensitiuri da arasensitiuri <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> klasifikacia damkacrad ar ikrZaleba misi Segroveba da gamoyeneba.kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli seriozuli problemebi ar umjobesdeba arcsajaro dawesebulebebis mier da arc sasamarTlo praqtikis meSveobiT,rasac adasturebs, magaliTad, aseTi faqtebi: erTi gadawyvetilebiTsasamarTlom daadgina, rom sajaro dawesebuleba valdebuli iyo,mesame piris moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, ar gaeca <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebiinformaciis momTxovni piris mier Sesabamisi nebarTvis wardgenis gareSe,radgan es monacemebi piris identificirebis SesaZleblobas iZleoda.meore SemTxvevaSi ki, sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom, sajaro dawesebuleba,mesame piris moTxovnisas, valdebuli iyo, gaeca <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemipiris winaswari Tanxmobis miRebis gareSe, misi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>pirad saidumloebad miCnevis Sesaxeb.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>a da piradi saidumloebis calkeuli sakiTxebiaseve gabneulia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi (magaliTad, pacientisuflebebis Sesaxeb kanoni, sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdebloba), Tumca, ararsebobs <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> (an, saerTod, mTliani monacemTa bazis)dacvis raime struqtura da, rac yvelaze mTavaria, saqarTvelos iusticiissaministros kontrolis qveS myofi sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris,samoqalaqo reestris saagentos mier <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> <strong>dacva</strong>sTan,damuSavebasTan, Senaxvasa da gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT, ar arsebobscalke samarTlebrivi aqti.saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> <strong>dacva</strong>sTandakavSirebuli problemebis saerTaSoriso standartebis mixedviTgadaWris xelSewyobis mizniT, winamdebare kvlevaSi gaanalizebuliainglisis, safrangeTis, germaniis, holandiis, poloneTis, estoneTis,litvis, latviisa da ungreTis kanonmdebloba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>dacvis Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli qveynebi sainteresoa imiTac, rom maTkanonmdeblobaSi asaxulia evropis kavSiris direqtivebi da regulaciebi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb. kvlevaSi aqcentirebulia iseTisakiTxebi, rogoricaa: <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> statusi da saxeebi;<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis wesi; personalur monacemTadacvis kontroli; pasuxismgebloba personalur monacemTa dacvis wesebisdarRvevisTvis da a.S.saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia imeds gamoTqvams, romkvleva xels Seuwyobs saqarTveloSi am problemuri sakiTxis mogvarebas.
estoneTimonacemTa dacvis sakanonmdeblo bazamonacemTa dacvis sakanonmdeblo bazis Sesaxeb debulebebi mocemuliaestoneTis konstituciaSi (miRebuli 1992 wlis 28 ivniss), personalurmonacemTa dacvis aqtSi (ZalaSi Sesulia 2003 wlis 1 oqtombers), monacemTabazis aqtSi (ZalaSi Sesulia 1997 wlis 19 aprils), sajaro informaciisaqtSi (ZalaSi Sesulia 2001 wlis 1 ianvars), sazogadoebis sainformaciomomsaxurebis aqtSi (ZalaSi Sesulia 2004 wlis 1 maiss), agreTve,saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebSi.konstituciapersonalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>s estoneTis konstituciis 26-e muxliexeba, romlis mixedviTac: ”yvelas aqvs <strong>personaluri</strong> da ojaxuricxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba. saxelmwifo organoebi, adgilobrivimmarTvelobis organoebi da maTi Tanamdebobis pirebi ar unda Caerionnebismieri piris personalur an ojaxur cxovrebaSi, garda kanoniTgaTvaliswinebuli im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac aucilebelia janmrTelobis,moralis, sazogadoebrivi wesrigis an sxvaTa uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis<strong>dacva</strong>, an saWiroa danaSaulis aRkveTa an damnaSavis dakaveba.~personalur monacemTa dacvis aqti (kanoni) (28/06/1992)()kanoni ZalaSi Sevida 1992 wlis 28 ivniss. kanonSi bolo cvlilebebi Sevida2002 wels. igi Sedgeba Svidi Tavisgan da 33 muxlisagan (2002 wels Setanilcvlilebamde igi Sedgeboda 10 Tavisgan).am aqtis mizans warmoadgens kerZo pirTa fundamenturi uflebebisada Tavisuflebebis <strong>dacva</strong> personalur monacemebTan dakavSirebiT.personalur monacemTa dacvis uzrunvelyofa gamoixateba imaSi,rom dammuSavebel pirs SeuZlia personalur monacemTa damuSavebamxolod im miznebisaTvis da im pirobebiT, rac mocemulia personalurmonacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonSi. agreTve, ufrosi dammuSavebeli pirida uflebamosili dammuSavebeli piri valdebulia, gaakeTos monacemTadacvis inspeqciasTan (igive - kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri) e. w.mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis faqtis registracia.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> saxeebikanoni anawilebs personalur monacemebs or jgufad - mgrZnobiaremonacemebi (sensitive data) da aramgrZnobiare monacemebi. 2002 wliscvlilebamde kanoni iTvaliswinebda personalur monacemTa samkategorias: <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi (personal private data),mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi (sensitive data) da sxva <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi. Zveli kanonis mixedviT, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebiwarmoadgenen monacemebs, romlebic amJRavneben ojaxuri cxovrebisdetalebs, socialuri momsaxurebis an socialuri daxmarebis faqtebs,
fizikuri an fsiqikuri janmrTelobis mdgomareobas da monacemebi,romlebic Segrovda taqsaciis procesis Sedegad. xolo, mgrZnobiaremonacemebi warmoadgenen iseT monacemebs, romlebic amJRavneben pirispolitikur, religiur an filosofiur Sexedulebebs (garda <strong>monacemebis</strong>a,romlebic exeba piris kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli piris wevrobaskanonis Sesabamisad), eTnikur an rasobriv warmomavlobas, janmrTelobismdgomareobas da qmeduunarobas, genetikur informacias, sqesobrivcxovrebas, profesiuli kavSirebis wevrobas da informacias, romelicSekrebilia sisxlis samarTlis procesis msvlelobisas. Tu mocemulikanoniT sxva ram ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli, mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisaTvis saWiroa Sesabamisi uflebamosili pirisnebarTva.kanonis gavrcelebis sferokanonis me-2 muxli gansazRvravs kanonis moqmedebis sferos. kanonivrceldeba personalur monacemTa mTlianad an nawilobriv avtomaturdamuSavebaze, agreTve, araavtomatur damuSavebazec, Tu es monacemebipersonalur monacemTa struqturuli qselidan aris amoRebuli an aseTqselSi Sesatanad aris gamiznuli. kanonis moqmedeba ar vrceldeba kerZopiris mier <strong>personaluri</strong> moxmarebis mizniT monacemTa damuSavebaze,agreTve, iseT personalur monacemTa damuSavebaze, romelic Seicavssaxelmwifo saidumloebas.personalur monacemTa subieqtikanonis me-3 muxlis Tanaxmad, monacemTa dacvis mizniT, ufrosi dauflebamosili dammuSavebeli pirebi valdebulni arian, mxolodmocemuli kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi daamuSaon <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi, miiRon am kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela zoma monacemTadasacavad da, am kanonis Tanaxmad, moaxdinon mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis registracia. personalur monacemTa dacvisuzrunvelsayofad monacemTa subieqtsac aqvs uflebebi _ personalurmonacemTa damuSavebisaTvis saWiroa monacemTa subieqtis Tanxmoba,monacemTa subieqti iRebs informacias misi <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisSesaxeb, monacemTa subieqts aqvs masTan dakavSirebuli <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis akrZalvis ufleba.ra aris <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi?estoneTis kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili personalur monacemTamniSvneloba srulad Seesabameba evropis kavSiris direqtivaSi moyvanilcnebas da warmoadgens nebismier informacias, romelic dakavSirebuliaidentificirebul an identificirebad fizikur pirTan. kanonismiznebisaTvis <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi dayofilia mgrZnobiare daaramgrZnobiare personalur monacemebad. mgrZnobiare personalurStructured set of personal data.sensitive or non-sensitive personal data.
monacemebad iTvleba: monacemebi, romlebic amJRavneben piris politikurSexedulebebs an religiur da filosofiur rwmenas; monacemebi, romlebicamJRavneben piris eTnikur an rasobriv kuTvnilebas; sisxlis samarTlisan sxva saxis saqmidan miRebuli informacia, romelic avlens danaSauls,iTvleba mgrZnobiare personalur monacemad, sasamarTlo ganxilvamde,vidre sasamarTlo ar gamoitans ganaCens, an Tu aseTi informaciis <strong>dacva</strong>aucilebelia sazogadoebrivi moralis an piris saojaxo an <strong>personaluri</strong>cxovrebis uflebis dasacavad, an Tu msxverplis, umciresobaTa, mowmeTaan marTlmsajulebis interesebi ase moiTxovs. mocemuli kanonis Tanaxmad,mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTa es CamonaTvali SeiZleba ganvrcobiliiqnes korespondenciis sferos maregulirebeli kanonmdeblobiT.aRsaniSnavia aseve, rom Segrovebuli statistikuri monacemebi ar iTvlebapersonalur monacemebad im SemTxvevaSi, Tu maTi meSveobiT ver moxdebapiris identifikacia.ra aris <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba?kanonis me-5 muxli adgens, Tu ra warmoadgens personalur monacemTadamuSavebas. es aris personalur monacemTa Segroveba, Cawera, dalageba,Senaxva, Secvla, ganxilva, aRdgena, gamoyeneba, gamxela, gaerTianeba,daxurva, waSla an ganadgureba.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis subieqtebikanonis me-6 muxli gansazRvravs ufrosi dammuSavebeli piris dauflebamosili dammuSavebeli piris arss. ufrosi dammuSavebelipiri aris iuridiuli an kerZo piri, an saxelmwifo an adgilobrivimmarTvelobis organo, romlis mierac an romlis brZanebiTac xdeba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba am kanonis Tanaxmad da romelsacaqvs uflebamosileba, daadginos: personalur monacemTa damuSavebismiznebi; dasamuSavebel personalur monacemTa kategoriebi; personalurmonacemTa damuSavebis procedura; mesame pirTaTvis personalurmonacemTa gamxelaze uflebis gacema. xolo uflebamosili dammuSavebelipiri aris iuridiuli an kerZo piri, an saxelmwifo an adgilobrivimmarTvelobis organo, romelic amuSavebs personalur monacemebs ufrosidammuSavebeli piris brZanebis safuZvelze.me-7 muxli gansazRvravs mesame pirebs. mesame piri aris dammuSavebeliiuridiuli an fizikuri piri, an saxelmwifo an adgilobrivi mmarTvelobisorgano, romelic ar aris: uflebamosili dammuSavebeli piri; is piri,romlis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebac xdeba; piri, romelicTanaSemweobas uwevs uflebamosil dammuSavebel pirs an Tavad axorcielebsmonacemTa damuSavebas.consultation.Chief processor and authorised processor.
10nebarTva <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis Sesaxebkanoni aregulirebs personalur monacemTa damuSavebaze nebarTvisgacemis sakiTxebs da masSi mocemulia sxvadasxva SemTxveva, Tu romelpersonalur monacemTa damuSavebisaTvis aris saWiro nebarTvis gacema daromlisTvis _ ara. amas garda, arsebobs debulebebi personalur monacemTadamuSavebis Sesaxeb monacemTa subieqtis Setyobinebis Taobaze.a) aramgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebiaramgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisaTvis monacemTasubieqtis Tanxmoba ar aris saWiro, Tu damuSavebis mizans warmoadgens:monacemTa subieqtTan dadebuli xelSekrulebis Sesruleba; pirissicocxlis, janmrTelobis an Tavisuflebis <strong>dacva</strong>; kanoniT ansaerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebisSesruleba; sazogadoebrivi interesebisaTvis ufros dammuSavebelpirze an mesame pirze - romelsac gaumxiles <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi- dakisrebuli movaleobebis Sesruleba; zogadi interesebis, ufrosidammuSavebeli piris kanonieri interesebis an mesame piris - romlisTvisacmoxda monacemTa gamxela - interesebis ganxilva, vidre piris (monacemTasubieqti) interesebi ufro mniSvnelovani ar aris. zemoxsenebuli miznebisSesasruleblad (muxli 8(1)) monacemTa gamxela piris Tanxmobis gareSedaSvebulia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu damuSaveba moicavs mesame pirisCarTvas da gaaCnia konkretuli miznebi - winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, monacemTagamxelisaTvis saWiroa piris Tanxmoba. zogadad ki, personalur monacemTadamuSavebisaTvis piris Tanxmoba sakmarisia, Tu aseTi damuSaveba ararRvevs kanonis moTxovnebs.mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebime-9 muxli aregulirebs mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTadamuSavebisaTvis nebarTvis gacemis wess. iseTi mgrZnobiare <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSaveba, romelic Seicavs informacias estoneTis moqalaqis anestoneTis teritoriaze kanonierad mcxovrebi piris politikurSexedulebebs, religiur da filosofiur rwmenas, saWiroebs pirisTanxmobas. personalur monacemTa damuSaveba, romelic avlens piriseTnikur an rasobriv warmomavlobas, janmrTelobis mdgomareobas, genurinformacias an sqesobriv cxovrebas, ar saWiroebs piris Tanxmobas,Tu damuSavebis mizania: kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli movaleobebisSesruleba; piris sicocxlis, janmrTelobis an Tavisuflebis <strong>dacva</strong>;sazogadoebrivi interesebisaTvis ufros dammuSavebel pirze an mesamepirze - romelsac gaumxiles <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi - dakisrebulimovaleobebis Sesruleba. sxva SemTxvevebSi, mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisaTvis saWiroa piris Tanxmoba, Tu damuSaveba arewinaaRmdegeba kanons. kanonis me-8(5) muxlis Tanaxmad, korespondenciissferos maregulirebeli kanonmdeblobiT SesaZlebelia sxva moTxovnebisdaweseba mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebaze uflebisgacemisaTvis. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoqveyneba unda moxdes amkanonis da sajaro informaciis Sesaxeb kanonis moTxovnaTa dacviT, TukanoniT ufro konkretuli moTxovnebi ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli.
11Tanxmoba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gacemazerac Seexeba piris Tanxmobas, es aris mis mier nebis mkafiod gamoxatvamonacemTa damuSavebisaTvis mas Semdeg, rac moxdeba misi informirebapersonalur monacemTa damuSavebis miznebisa da samarTlebrivisafuZvlebis, monacemTa kategoriebis da wyaroebis Sesaxeb; mesamepirebisa da im pirTa kategoriebis Sesaxeb, visTvisac monacemTa gacemadasaSvebia; aseve, cnobili gaxdeba monacemTa is CamonaTvali, romelicgaTvaliswinebulia sajaro gamoyenebisaTvis; ufrosi dammuSavebelipiris an misi warmomadgenlis saxeli da misamarTi. Tanxmoba vargisiamxolod konkretuli miznisaTvis, unda iyos ufaso da SesaZlebeli misiukan gamoTxovna. Tanxmobis ukan gamoTxovnas ar aqvs ukuqceviTi Zala. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis wesebikanoni aregulirebs personalur monacemTa damuSavebisaTvisSesasrulebel savaldebulo moqmedebebs da monacemTa usafrTxoebisuzrunvelsayofad misaReb zomebs.kanonis me-11 muxlis mixedviT, ufrosma da uflebamosilma dammuSavebelmapirebma mxolod am kanonSi mocemuli miznebisaTvis da mis moTxovnaTadacviT unda moaxdinon personalur monacemTa damuSaveba. aseve, maTunda uzrunvelyon Semdegi: dasamuSavebel monacemTa kategoria undaSeeferebodes misi damuSavebis miznebs; <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi,romlebic ar aris an aRar aris saWiro raime miznisaTvis, unda waiSalosan daixuros; monacemebi unda iyos zusti da Tu raime miznisTvis arisgaTvaliswinebuli, unda iqnes Senaxuli garkveuli vadiT; arazusti anarasruli <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi unda daixuros da miRebul iqnes zomebimaT Sesavsebad da Sesasworeblad; arazusti <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi undaiqnes Senaxuli da miTiTebuli unda iyos maTi moqmedebis periodi zustpersonalur monacemebTan erTad; <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, romelTasizustis sakiTxis ganxilva mimdinareobs, unda iqnes daxuruli, vidreisini ar gadamowmdeba an ar moxdeba zusti <strong>monacemebis</strong> miReba.me-12 muxli exeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvisaTvis misaReborganizaciul da teqnikur zomebs. dammuSavebelma pirebma unda miiRonzomebi: <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebiT SemTxveviTi an gamiznuli manipulirebis winaaRmdeg; SemTxveviTi dakargvis an gamiznuli ganadgurebis winaaRmdeg;arauflebamosili damuSavebis winaaRmdeg. personalur monacemTaavtomaturi damuSavebis dros dammuSavebeli pirebivaldebulniarian: ar dauSvan arauflebamosili pirebi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebisaTvis gankuTvnil inventarTan (daSvebis kontroli ); ardauSvan monacemTa matareblebis arakanonieri waSla, Secvla, kopireba anwakiTxva (monacemTa matareblebis kontroli ); ar dauSvan personalurWithdrawal of consent has no retroactive effect.inaccurate data are stored with a notation concerning their period of use together with accurate data.accidental or intentional tampering.access control.data carrier use control.
12monacemTa arakanonieri Cawera, waSla an Secvla (Caweris kontroli 10 )da uzrunvelyon, rom monacemTa Secvlis SemTxvevaSi, Secvlis vada daSemcvleli piris vinaobis dadgena SesaZlebeli iyos; ar dauSvan monacemTagadacemisaTvis monacemTa damuSavebis sistemis arauflebamosiligamoyeneba (monacemTa gadacemis kontroli 11 ); uzrunvelyos, rom monacemTadamuSavebis sistemis yvela momxmarebels hqondes nebarTva mxolod iseTi<strong>monacemebis</strong> miRebaze, rac gankuTvnilia misTvis (daSvebis kontroli 12 );Seagrovos informacia monacemTa gacemis Sesaxeb, romelSic Seva cnobebi,Tu vis, rodis, vis mier da romeli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gacema moxda(gacemis kontroli 13 ); uzrunvelyon, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes, Tu vin,rodis da romeli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> Seyvana moaxdina monacemTadamuSavebis sistemaSi (Seyvanis kontroli 14 ); uzrunvelyos monacemTagadacemisas an transportirebisas, rom ar moxdes monacemTa arakanonieriwakiTxva, kopireba, waSla an Secvla (transportirebis kontroli 15 );moaxdinos sawarmoTa, dawesebulebaTa da saxelmwifo saagentoTamuSaobis organizeba iseTi gziT, rom Sesrulebul iqnes personalurmonacemTa dacvis yvela moTxovna (organizaciuli kontroli). ufrosi dauflebamosili dammuSavebeli pirebi movaleni arian, gaacnon monacemTadamuSavebaSi CarTul pirebs Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba, xolo monacemTaavtomaturi damuSavebis SemTxvevaSi, maT SeuZliaT, Sesabamis pirTaTvismoawyon treningebi.ufrosi da uflebamosili dammuSavebeli pirime-15 muxli garkveul moTxovnebs uyenebs dammuSavebel pirebs - ufrosida uflebamosili dammuSavebeli pirebi da maTdami daqvemdebarebulipirebi, romlebic axorcieleben monacemTa damuSavebas, moqmedebenmxolod mocemul kanonSi gaTvaliswinebuli miznebiT. iseTi informaciiskonfidencialuroba,romelicararisgaTvaliswinebulisajaroobisaTvis,romelic ar aris sajaroobisaTvis,an Seicavs biznesis saidumloebebs, dammuSavebeli pirebis mier unda iqnesuzrunvelyofili mas Semdegac, rac maTi uflebamosileba Sewydeba.me-16 muxlis mixedviT, ufrosi dammuSavebeli pirebi monacemTadamuSavebisas valdebulni arian, moamzadon da Seinaxon Semdegidokumentacia: personalur monacemTa damuSavebasTan dakavSirebuliZiriTadi informacia; 16 avtomaturi damuSavebisas gamoyenebuliinventaris da saSualebebis sia; miRebuli teqnikuri da organizaciulizomebi personalur monacemTa dasacavad. kanonis me-16(3) muxlSimocemulia monacemTa damuSavebasTan dakavSirebuli ZiriTadiinformacia, es aris: ufrosi da uflebamosili dammuSavebeli pirebissaxelebi, adgilmdebareoba an misamarTi; monacemTa damuSavebis miznebida sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebi; personalur monacemTa kategoriebi; im10recording control.11data communication control.12access control.13disclosure control.14input control.15transport control.16the main information concerning processing of personal data.
13pirTa kategoriebi, visi monacemebic muSavdeba; personalur monacemTawyaroebi; mesame pirebi da im pirTa kategoriebi, romelTaTvisacpersonalur monacemTa gamxela aris daSvebuli; zogadi gamoyenebisaTvisgaTvaliswinebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> sia da a. S.mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis specifikakanonis meoTxe TavSi dawvrilebiT aris mgrZnobiare personalurmonacemTa damuSavebis registraciis wesi. igi moicavs kanonis me-17-20muxlebs. mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis registraciasavaldebuloa, mas axorcielebs ufrosi dammuSavebeli piri monacemTadacvis inspeqciasTan. agreTve, xdeba dammuSavebel pirTa reestrisSedgenac, romelic inaxeba monacemTa dacvis inspeqciasTan.me-17 muxli adgens registraciis aucileblobas. ufrosi dammuSavebelipiri movalea, moaxdinos mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisregistracia monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebelorganosTan.me-18 muxli awesebs mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTa damuSavebisregistraciis ganacxadis Setanis wess. aplikaciis Setana unda moxdes, sulcota, erTi TviT adre mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTa damuSavebisdawyebamde. am dros ufrosi dammuSavebeli piri awarmoebs dokumentacias,romelic ganxilulia zemoT _ kanonis me-16 muxlSi.monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebeli organo masSemdeg, rac moxdeba mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTa damuSavebisregistraciisaTvis ganacxadis wardgena, TxuTmeti samuSao dRisganmavlobaSi iRebs gadawyvetilebas registraciis Sesaxeb da amcnobsufros dammuSavebel pirs an mis warmomadgenels. zedamxedvelobisganmaxorcielebeli organo registraciaze uars ambobs, Tu: mgrZnobiarepersonalur monacemTa damuSaveba ewinaaRmdegeba winamdebare kanons ansxva kanons; monacemTa dacvisaTvis miRebuli teqnikuri da organizaciulizomebi ar akmayofileben kanonis me-12 muxlSi CamoTvlil moTxovnebs;registraciis ganacxadi da masTan dakavSirebuli dokumentebi ar SeicavsregistraciisaTvis aucilebel informacias (muxli 19).<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis uflebebimexuTe Tavi exeba pirTa (monacemTa subieqtebis) uflebebs. igi moicavskanonis 21-26-e muxlebs. 21-e muxli gansazRvravs piris uflebas, miiRosinformacia, vidre misi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> Segroveba daiwyeba.Tu piris Tanxmoba aris aucilebeli, ufrosi dammuSavebeli piri an misiwarmomadgeneli atyobinebs monacemTa subieqts monacemTa damuSavebisSesaxeb am kanonis me-10 muxlis Tanaxmad (me-10 muxli gansazRvravs pirisTanxmobas).Tu piri moiTxovs, ufrosi dammuSavebeli piri miawvdis mas Semdeginformacias: masTan dakavSirebul personalur monacemTa arsebobisan ararsebobis faqts; personalur monacemTa damuSavebis miznebs da
14sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebs; personalur monacemTa kategoriebs dawyaroebs; mesame pirebis sias an im kategorias, viszedac personalurmonacemTa gacema daSvebulia; ufrosi dammuSavebeli piris an misiwarmomadgenlis saxels da misamarTs. pirs weliwadSi erTxel SeuZlia,yovelgvari gadasaxadis gareSe moiTxovos ufrosi dammuSavebelipirisgan aseTi informacia, Tu informaciis moTxovna moxdeba weliwadSierTze metjer, piri ixdis Sesabamis gadasaxads. ufrosi dammuSavebelipiri, moTxovnis miRebidan TxuTmeti samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi,miawvdis monacemTa subieqts Sesabamis informacias an dasabuTebul uarsinformaciis miwodebaze, 25-e muxlis Tanaxmad (muxli 22).23-e muxlis mixedviT, pirs aqvs ufleba, mosTxovos ufros dammuSavebelpirs araswor personalur monacemTa Sesworeba, an mosTxovos daxurva anwaSla, Tu monacemTa damuSaveba ewinaaRmdegeba am aqts an sxva kanons. 24-e muxlis mixedviT, pirs aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos personalur monacemTagamxelis akrZalva, Tu aseTi akrZalva ar ewinaaRmdegeba am kanons an sxvakanons.25-e muxli ganixilavs pirisaTvis personalur monacemebTan dakavSirebiTinformaciis miRebaze uaris Tqmis SemTxvevebs. pirs ufrosi dammuSavebelipiri ucxadebs dasabuTebul uars sxva pirTa uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTadasacavad, bavSvis warmoSobasTan dakavSirebuli informaciiskonfidencialurobis dasacavad, danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis andamnaSavis mimalvis Tavidan acilebis mizniT, sisxlis samarTlis saqmezeWeSmaritebis dadgenis mizniT.26-e muxli monacemTa subieqts aZlevs uflebas, mimarTos monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebel organos an sasamarTlosmisi uflebebis savaraudo darRvevis da TavisuflebaTa SezRudvisSemTxvevaSi.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis saxelmwifo kontrolikanonis meeqvse Tavi exeba zedamxedvelobis procedurebs (muxlebi27-32). monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobas axorcielebs monacemTadacvis inspeqcia 17 (muxli 27). 28-e muxli gansazRvravs monacemTa dacvisinspeqciis TavmjdomarisaTvis saWiro moTxovnebs. pirs unda hqondesumaRlesi iuridiuli ganaTleba, ar unda ekavos sxva anazRaurebadipozicia. monacemTa dacvis inspeqciis Tavmjdomare aris damoukidebeliTavis saqmianobaSi da emorCileba mxolod kanonmdeblobas.monacemTa dacvis inspeqciis TanamSromlebi movaleni arian, ar gaamJRavnonbiznesis saidumloebebi da <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, romlebic maTTviscnobili gaxda maT mier samsaxurebrivi movaleobis SesrulebisganmavlobaSi, maT mier saxelmwifo samsaxuris datovebis Semdegac (muxli29).30-e muxli ayalibebs monacemTa dacvis inspeqciis uflebamosilebas. es aris:personalur monacemTa dacvisaTvis am kanoniT da sxva kanonmdeblobiT17Data Protection Inspectorate.
15gansazRvruli moTxovnebis Sesrulebaze zedamxedveloba; kanonismixedviT, mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTa damuSavebis registraciisganxorcieleba; moiTxovos Sesabamisi dokumentebi da sxva aucilebeliinformacia pirebisagan; gasces instruqciebi 31-e muxlis mixedviT;uzrunvelyos pirebi informaciiT da Caataros treningebi personalurmonacemTa damuSavebasa da <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT. monacemTa dacvisinspeqciis kompetentur TanamSromlebs aqvT dammuSavebel pirTa damaTi ofisebis Semowmebis SeuzRudavi ufleba. ufrosi da uflebamosilidammuSavebeli pirebi movaleni arian, xeli Seuwyon monacemTa dacvisinspeqcias misi saqmianobis ganxorcielebaSi da uzrunvelyon igi SesabamisidokumentebiT.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis wesebisdarRveva da pasuxismgeblobamonacemTa dacvis inspeqciis warmomadgenels ufleba aqvs, ufros dauflebamosil dammuSavebel pirebs miawodos Semdegi saxis instruqciebi:Sewyvetil iqnes personalur monacemTa damuSavebisaTvis aucilebelimoTxovnebis darRveva garkveuli vadisaTvis; miRebul iqnes damatebiTiorganizaciuli da teqnikuri zomebi personalur monacemTa dacvis mizniT;moxdes mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTa damuSavebis registraciagansazRvruli vadisaTvis. zemoxsenebuli instruqciebis mimarTdaumorCileblobis SemTxvevaSi, monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobisganmaxorcielebeli organo uflebamosilia, daawesos jarimis gadaxdakanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT. am SemTxvevaSi, jarimis umaRlesiodenoba ar unda aRematebodes 10 000 kronas (muxli 31).kanonis meSvide Tavi, romelic Seicavs mxolod 33-e muxls (34-emuxli amoRebulia), exeba kanonis moTxovnaTa darRvevis SemTxvevaSipasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs. aRsaniSnavia, rom am muxlSi mocemuli sanqciebiSemoifargleba mxolod fuladi jarimebiT. 33-e muxli adgens jarimas300 kronas odenobiT, Tu moxdeba mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis moTxovnaTa darRveva fizikuri piris mier, xolo Tu igiveqmedeba ganaxorciela iuridiulma pirma - jarimis odenoba aris 50 000krona. am muxlSi mocemuli gadacdomis SemTxvevaSi, gamoiyeneba sisxlissamarTlis kodeqsis zogadi nawili da administraciul gadacdomaTasaqmeebis warmoebis procesis kodeqsi 18 (muxli 33(3)).33(4)-e muxlis mixedviT, monacemTa dacvis inspeqcia aris arasasamarTloorgano, romelic axorcielebs samarTalwarmoebas am muxlSi mocemuligadacdomis SemTxvevaSi. 19kanonmdebloba informaciis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb (sajaroinformaciis aqti)estoneTSi arsebobs sajaro informaciis aqti, romlis mizania sajarogamoyenebisaTvis arsebuli informaciis sazogadoebisa da yvela18Code of Misdemeanour Procedure.19The Data Protection Inspectorate is the extra-judicial body which conducts proceedings in matters of misdemeanoursprovided for in this section.
16pirisaTvis xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa da sajaro movaleobebisSesrulebaze sazogadoebrivi monitoringis ganxorcieleba. kanoni sajaroinformaciis Sesaxeb iZleva yoveli moqalaqis mier informaciis miRebiskonstituciuri uflebis garantias; aregulirebs, Tu ra administraciulaparatSi arsebuli informacia (agreTve, informacia am aparatis muSaobisSesaxeb) unda iyos gankuTvnili sazogadoebisaTvis; awesebs, rom yovelisajaro informacia xelmisawvdomi unda iyos internetis meSveobiTac.es kanoni awesebs sajaro informaciis xelmisawvdomobisaTvis saWiropirobebs da informaciis gacemaze uaris Tqmis safuZvlebs, SezRudulisajaro informaciis gacemis wesebs. kanonis moqmedeba ar vrceldebasaxelmwifo saidumloebebze, agreTve, arqivebze (rac arqivebis SesaxebkanoniT regulirdeba) (muxli 2). sajaro informacias warmoadgensnebismieri informacia, romelic Seqmnilia sajaro movaleobaTaSesrulebisas nebismieri gziT nebismieri piris mier kanonis mixedviT,xolo misi xelmisawvdomobis SezRudva dasaSvebia kanonis mixedviT.kanoni gansakuTrebul procedurebs awesebs <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>Semcveli informaciis gacemisaTvis. personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTandakavSirebiT, sainteresoa kanonis me-3 TavSi (informaciis gamoTxovnissafuZvelze informaciis miRebis uflebis mopoveba) mocemuli me-14(2) muxli (informaciis gamoTxovnisaTvis saWiro moTxovnebi). Tupiri gamoiTxovs masTan an mesame pirTan dakavSirebul personalurpersonalur 20 an mgrZnobiare personalur monacemebs, informaciismflobeli valdebulia, moaxdinos ganmcxadeblis identifikacia.informaciis mflobelma SesaZloa ganmcxadeblisgan moiTxovoswerilobiTi moTxovna. ganmcxadebeli agreTve valdebulia, miuTiTos, Tura miznisaTvis sWirdeba mas es informacia.kanonis me-5 TavSi SemoRebulia e. w. “SezRuduli informaciis” cneba. kanonis39-e muxli gansazRvravs personalur monacemTa Semcveli informaciisgacemaze nebarTvis gacemis wess. piri, romelic flobs personalurmonacemTa Semcvel informacias, am informaciis gacemisaTvis undaixelmZRvanelos personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT.sainteresoa me-40(3) muxli, romlis mixedviTac, mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> Semcveli informaciis gacemaze SezRudva moqmedebsdokumentebis miRebidan 75 wlis ganmavlobaSi an piris gar<strong>dacva</strong>lebidan30 wlis ganmavlobaSi, an Tu piris gar<strong>dacva</strong>lebis TariRis dadgenaSeuZlebelia _ misi dabadebis TariRidan 110 wlis ganmavlobaSi.kanonmdebloba monacemTa bazebis SesaxebmonacemTa bazebis (reestrebis) Sesaxeb kanoni awesrigebs saxelmwifoTada adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis organoebis mier reestrebis warmoebiswess da Seicavs wesebs personalur monacemTa Segrovebisa da damuSavebisSesaxeb. kanonis debulebebSi xSirad aris mocemuli miTiTebebi20es kanoni miRebulia 2001 wels, vidre personalur monacemTa kanonSi 2002 wels Seitandnencvlilebas, romlis Tanaxmadac, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategoriaaRar arsebobs.
17personalur monacemTa dacvis aqtze. monacemTa bazebis funqcionirebisprocesSi personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong> da maT <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobaxorcieldeba personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobismixedviT. agreTve, personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobasaxorcielebs personalur monacemTa dacvis aqtis mixedviT Seqmniliorgano, romelsac warmoadgens monacemTa dacvis inspeqcia. kanonis me-3(4)muxlis mixedviT, monacemTa bazebSi monacemTa Segrovebis dros monacemTabazebis mflobelebma unda daicvan personalur monacemTa Sesaxeb kanonismoTxovnebi, xolo, kanoniT dadgenil SemTxvevebSi, unda aiRon nebarTvamonacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebeli organoebis(monacemTa dacvis inspeqcia) mier. kanonis me-13(2) muxlis mixedviT,iseTi monacemTa bazis gafarToebis an gaerTianebisaTvis, romelicSeicavs mgrZnobiare personalur monacemebs, saWiroa monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>zezedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebeli organos Tanxmoba. kanonis me-17(1)muxlis Tanaxmad, monacemTa bazis warmoebis procesze zedamxedvelobasasrulebs monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebeliorgano personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis, am kanonis dasxva normatiuli aqtebis safuZvelze. kanonis 21 1 (4)-e muxlis mixedviT,<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gacnobaze uflebis gacema unda moxdespersonalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis da sajaro informaciis aqtismoTxovnaTa dacviT. 23(1)-e muxlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo an adgilobriviorganoebis monacemTa bazebis gafarToeba an gaerTianeba SesaZlebeliamxolod kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi da mxolod monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebeli organos TanxmobiT iseTSemTxvevebSi, Tu es saWiroa mocemuli organos ukeT funqcionirebisaTvisda aseTi gafarToeba an gaerTianeba ar ewinaaRmdegeba personalurmonacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis moTxovnebs.kanonis me-40 muxlis Tanaxmad, monacemTa bazis saxelmwifo saagentoebisdaarsebisas, damfuZnebelma pirma unda Seadginos iseT monacemTa sia,romlebic sajaro moxmarebisTvis ar aris gankuTvnili saxelmwifosaidumloebebis da personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonebisTanaxmad. igive moTxovnaa adgilobriv organoTa monacemTa bazebisdaarsebis drosac 47-e muxlis mixedviT. kanonis 49-e muxli miuTiTebs, rommonacemTa bazebSi <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedveloba xorcieldeba personalurmonacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis Tanaxmad daarsebuli zedamxedvelobisganmaxorcielebeli organos mier, anu monacemTa dacvis inspeqciismier. personalur monacemTa dacvis aqtis mixedviT, monacemTa dacvisinspeqcia, Tavisi funqciebis ganxorcielebis mizniT, aRWurviliagarkveuli uflebebiT, monacemTa bazebis Sesaxeb kanonis 50-e muxliki, zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebel organos (monacemTa dacvisinspeqcia), saxelmwifo an adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebismier monacemTa bazebSi zedamxedvelobis ganxorcielebisas, aniWebsdamatebiT uflebebs.
18latviamonacemTa dacvis sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebi latviaSipersonalur monacemTa dacvis sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebi mocemulialatviis konstituciaSi (miRebulia 1992 wlis 14 Tebervals).damoukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg aRdga Zveli konstitucia. rogorcdamatebiTi kanoni, miRebul iqna “adamianis da moqalaqis uflebebisada Tavisuflebebis Sesaxeb konstituciuri kanoni” (1991 wlis 10dekemberi). is ayalibebs adamianis ZiriTad uflebebs da Tavisuflebebs daganasxvavebs moqalaqeebs da aramoqalaqeebs. es aspeqti yvelaze metad iqnagakritikebuli. konstituciuri kanoni gauqmebul iqna konstituciaSiSesuli damatebiT 1998 wlis 23 oqtombers. dRevandeli konstituciasrulad moicavs individis uflebebs da Tavisuflebebs, maT Soris,individTa <strong>personaluri</strong> cxovrebis dacvis Sesaxeb debulebas:yvelas aqvs Tavisi <strong>personaluri</strong> cxovrebis, sacxovreblis dakorespondenciis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba (muxli 96).ufro detaluri debulebebi mocemulia personalur monacemTa dacvisSesaxeb kanonSi, romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2001 wlis 1 ianvars, rodesac daarsdapersonalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebeliorgano _ monacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqcia.terminTa ganmartebalatviis personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis terminTaganmartebani Seesabameba evrogaerTianebis mier miRebuli direqtivisstandartebs. pirveli muxlis mixedviT:monacemTa subieqti - kerZo piri, romelic pirdapir an arapirdapirSeiZleba iqnes identificirebuli;monacemTa subieqtis Tanxmoba - monacemTa subieqtis mier survilisTavisuflad da uSecdomod gamoxatva Tavisi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebaze im informaciis mixedviT, romelic mas miawoda kontrolisganmaxorcielebelma pirma;<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi - nebismieri informacia, romelic ukavSirdebaidentificirebul an identificirebad kerZo pirs;personalur monacemTa damuSaveba - nebismieri moqmedeba personalurmonacemebTan mimarTebiT, maT Soris, Segroveba, registracia, Cawera,Senaxva, gardaqmna, gamoyeneba, gadacema, gamxela, gavrceleba, blokirebaan waSla;personalur monacemTa damuSavebis sistema 21 - personalur monacemTastruqturuli erToblioba, romelic xelmisawvdomia garkveuli wesebisdacviT;21 personal data processing system.
19personalur monacemTa operatori 22 (igivea, rac dammuSavebeli piri) -piri, romelic axorcielebs personalur monacemTa damuSavebas kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piris davalebiT da romelsac uflebamosilebasaniWebs kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri;personalur monacemTa mimRebi - kerZo an iuridiuli piri, romelsacgaumxiles <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi;mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi 23 - monacemebi, romlidanacmJRavndeba piris rasobrivi, eTnikuri kuTvnileba, religiuri,filosofiuri an politikuri Sexedulebebi, an piris profkavSirSiwevrobis faqti, misi janmrTelobis mdgomareoba da sqesobrivi cxovrebisdetalebi;kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri 24 - kerZo an iuridiuli piri,romelic gansazRvravs personalur monacemTa damuSavebis miznebs dasaSualebebs;mesame piri - nebismieri kerZo an iuridiuli piri monacemTa subieqtisgarda, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri, personalur monacemTaoperatori an pirebi, romlebsac uflebamosileba mieniWaT kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piris an operatoris mier.kanonis moqmedebis sferokanoni vrceldeba nebismieri saxis <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis damuSavebis drosyvela iuridiul da fizikur pirze, Tu: a) kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelipiri registrirebulia latviis respublikaSi; b) monacemTa damuSavebamimdinareobs latviis farglebs gareT, im teritoriebze, romlebicekuTvnis latvias saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebidan gamomdinare; g)personalur monacemTa damuSavebisaTvis saWiro inventari aris latviisteritoriaze. kanonis moqmedeba ar vrceldeba kerZo pirTa mierdaarsebul sainformacio sistemebze, sadac mimdinareobs personalurmonacemTa damuSaveba <strong>personaluri</strong> an saojaxo miznebisaTvis da sadac arxdeba personalur monacemTa gamJRavneba sxva pirTaTvis.rac Seexeba saxelmwifo saidumloebebs, am kanonis moqmedeba vrceldebamaT damuSavebazec im gamonaklisTa garda, rac mocemulia saxelmwifosaidumloebebis Sesaxeb kanonSi. am SemTxvevaSi, kanoni saxelmwifosaidumloebebis Sesaxeb moqmedebs, rogorc specialuri kanoni.kanoni saerTod ar vrceldeba personalur monacemTa damuSavebazeJurnalisturi, mxatvruli da literaturuli miznebiT.personalur monacemTa damuSavebis zogad principebiyovel pirs aqvs ufleba, daicvas Tavisi <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi (muxli6). personalur monacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia, Tu kanoniT ar aris22 operator of personal data.23 sensitive personal data.24 system controller.
20akrZaluli, Semdeg SemTxvevebSi: a) monacemTa subieqts aqvs Tanxmoba; b)personalur monacemTa damuSaveba aucilebelia monacemTa subieqtissaxelSekrulebo valdebulebidan gamomdinare; g) monacemTa damuSavebaaucilebelia kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris mier am kanoniTdakisrebul movaleobaTa Sesasruleblad; d) monacemTa damuSavebaaucilebelia monacemTa subieqtis umniSvnelovanes interesTa dasacavad,maT Soris, sicocxlis da janmrTelobis; e) monacemTa damuSavebaaucilebelia sajaro interesebidan gamomdinare; v) monacemTa damuSavebaaucilebelia monacemTa subieqtis fundamenturi uflebebisa daTavisuflebebis dasacavad da kontrolis ganmaxorcilebeli pirisa damesame pirebis _ romelTac gadaecaT monacemebi _ kanonieri interesebisdasacavad (muxli 7).monacemTa Segrovebis dawyebamde kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli pirimonacemTa subieqts atyobinebs Semdeg informacias: a) kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piris da dammuSavebeli piris saxelwodebas ansaxels da misamarTs; b) monacemTa damuSavebis mizans da sakanonmdeblosafuZvlebs. xolo monacemTa subieqtis moTxovnis safuZvelze,kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri monacemTa subieqts atyobinebsmonacemTa savaraudo mimRebTa vinaobas, monacemTa subieqtis uflebas,miiRos nebarTva sakuTari <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gacnobasa da maTSicvlilebebis SetanasTan dakavSirebiT (muxli 8).rodesac personalur monacemTa Segroveba xdeba ara monacemTa subieqtismxridan, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri monacemTa subieqts,Segrovebis an mesame pirTaTvis pirvelad gadacemis win, atyobinebskontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris da dammuSaveblis saxelwodebas anvinaobas da misamarTs, monacemTa damuSavebis miznebs. monacemTa subieqtismoTxovniT, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri movalea, agreTve,miawodos mas informacia monacemTa savaraudo mimRebebis vinaobis Sesaxeb,aseve, monacemTa subieqtis uflebebis Taobaze _ gaecnos da Seitanoscvlilebebi sakuTar personalur monacemebSi.monacemTa subieqtis interesebis dacvis mizniT, kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piri uzrunvelyofs Semdegs: a) personalur monacemTadamuSaveba xdeba kanonierad da samarTlianad; b)monacemTadamuSavebaxdebamxolod gansazRvruli miznisaTvis da am miznis Sesabamisi moculobiT; g)monacemebi Senaxulia imgvarad, rom monacemTa subieqtis identificirebaSesaZlebelia mxolod im drois ganmavlobaSi, rac esaWiroeba maT miznobrivdamuSavebas; d) monacemebi unda iyos zusti da Secdomis an arasrulobisSemTxvevaSi unda moxdes maTi Sesworeba, ganaxleba an waSla. personalurmonacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia ara im miznebiT, ra miznebiTac maTiSegroveba moxdeba, Tu es ar arRvevs monacemTa subieqtis uflebebs daemsaxureba statistikur an samecniero miznebs (muxli 10).rac Seexeba mgrZnobiare personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>s, me-11 muxlismixedviT, maTi damuSaveba dasaSvebia Semdeg SemTxvevebSi: a) monacemTasubieqts aqvs werilobiTi Tanxmoba; b) personalur monacemTa damuSavebaTanxmobis gareSe regulirdeba SromiT urTierTobaTa maregulirebelikanonmdeblobiT da am monacemTa usafrTxoeba daculia kanonis mixedviT;
21g) monacemTa damuSaveba aucilebelia monacemTa subieqtis sicocxlis dajanmrTelobis dasacavad da monacemTa subieqts ar SeuZlia werilobiTiTanxmobis micema janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo; d) monacemTadamuSaveba mimdinareobs sazogadoebriv organizaciaTa kanonierida arakomerciuli miznebis misaRwevad. es monacemebi ukavSirdeba amorganizaciasTan dakavSirebul wevrebs da maTi gadacema ar xdeba mesamepirebze; e) personalur monacemTa damuSaveba aucilebelia samedicinomiznebisaTvis da daculia Sesabamisi usafrTxoeba; v) damuSaveba exebafizikur da iuridiul pirTa kanonieri interesebis <strong>dacva</strong>s.kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelipiri valdebulia, Sesabamis sajaro moxeleebs da adgilobriviTviTmmarTvelobis organoebis warmomadgenlebs gadasces <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu am Tanamdebobis pirTa vinaobaidentificirebulia winaswar.damuSavebis dros <strong>personaluri</strong> saidentifikacio nomris gamoyenebaSeiZleba mas Semdeg, rac: a) monacemTa subieqtis Tanxmoba miRebulia; b)<strong>personaluri</strong> saidentifikacio nomris damuSaveba saWiroa personalurmonacemTa dasamuSaveblad; g) kodis damuSaveba saWiroa monacemTasubieqtis Semdgomi anonimurobisaTvis; d) monacemTasaxelmwifoinspeqciis werilobiTi nebarTva <strong>personaluri</strong> nomris damuSavebisaTvismiRebulia (muxli 13 1 ).kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri dammuSavebel pirs, specialurixelSekrulebis safuZvelze, aZlevs uflebamosilebas personalurmonacemTa damuSavebisaTvis. dammuSavebeli monacemebs amuSavebs mxolodim moculobiT da im miznebiT, rac xelSekrulebaSi aris gaTvaliswinebuli.monacemTa damuSavebis dawyebamde dammuSavebeli piri iRebs yvela zomas,romelic mas kanoniT aqvs gansazRvruli (muxli 14).monacemTa subieqtis uflebebimonacemTa subieqts ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos masze arsebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong>gacnoba, vidre aseT monacemTa gacema dauSvebelia sisxlis samarTliskanonmdeblobis mixedviT an erovnuli usafrTxoebis da Tavdacvismiznebidan gamomdinare. monacemTa subieqts aqvs ufleba, miiRosinformacia kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris mier im iuridiul anfizikur pirTa Sesaxeb, visTvisac cnobili gaxda <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi.aseTi informacia ar unda Seicavdes iseT faqtebs, risi gamxelac kanoniTakrZalulia.monacemTa subieqts aseve aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos Semdegi informacia: a)kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris saxeli an dasaxeleba da misamarTi;b) personalur monacemTa damuSavebis mizani, moculoba da damuSavebismeTodi; g) monacemebSi cvlilebebis Setanis bolo vada; d) monacemTawyaro, Tu kanoniT akrZaluli ar aris aseTi informaciis gacema; e)informacia avtomaturi damuSavebis sistemaSi arsebuli damuSavebismeTodis Sesaxeb.
22monacemTa subieqti, moTxovnidan xuTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi, ufasod miiRebsam informacias (muxli 15). es wesi ar vrceldeba damuSavebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong>samecniero an statistikuri miznebisaTvis gamoyenebis dros (muxli 17).monacemTa subieqts aqvs ufleba, gaasaCivros kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piris uarimonacemTa subieqts aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos personalur monacemTaSesworeba, ganaxleba, damateba an waSla, Tu monacemebi moZvelebulia,mcdaria, arasrulia an aRar arsebobs maTi Semdgomi Segrovebis miznebi(muxli 16). es wesi ar vrceldeba damuSavebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> samecniero anstatistikuri miznebisaTvis gamoyenebis dros (muxli 17).monacemTa subieqts ufleba aqvs, gaaprotestos personalur monacemTadamuSaveba, Tu es xdeba komerciuli miznebiT (muxli 19).personalur monacemTa damuSavebis sistemisregistracia da <strong>dacva</strong>yvela saxelmwifo dawesebulebam, fizikurma da iuridiulma pirma,romelic apirebs personalur monacemTa damuSavebas da ayalibebsmonacemTa damuSavebis sistemas, unda moaxdinos am sistemisregistracia am kanonis moTxovnaTa dacviT, Tu kanoniT sxva ram ar arisgaTvaliswinebuli. amisaTvis saWiroa Sesabamisi ganacxadis wardgenamonacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqciaSi. 21-e muxlis mixedviT, gancxadeba undaSeicavdes dawesebulebisa da dammuSavebeli piris saxelwodebas (saxeli/ (saxeligvari), monacemTa damuSavebis sistemis samarTlebriv safuZvlebs,sistemaSi Sesatan personalur monacemTa saxeebs da a. S.sainteresoa monacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqciis samarTlebrivi statusi,romelic Camoyalibebulia kanonis meoTxe TavSi. kanonis mixedviT,personalur monacemTa damuSavebaze, mis samarTlianobasa da kanonierebazezedamxedvelobis ganxorcieleba evaleba monacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqcias(muxli 29). monacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqciis muSaobaze ki zedamxedvelobasaxorcielebs iusticiis saministro.inspeqcias xelmZRvanelobs direqtori, romelsac Tanamdebobaze niSnavsda aTavisuflebs ministrTa kabineti iusticiis ministris wardginebiT.monacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqcia muSaobs kabinetis mier damtkicebuliwesdebis safuZvelze. inspeqcia kabinetSi waradgens wliur angariSsSesrulebuli samuSaos Sesaxeb. personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>zezedamxedvelobis aseTi samarTlebrivi sistema kritikas imsaxurebsevropis komisiis samarTlebrivi eqspertebis mxridan. dRis wesrigSi dgaskanonproeqtebi, romlebic ufro met damoukideblobas miscems monacemTasaxelmwifo inspeqcias.kanonis 29(3)-e muxlis mixedviT, inspeqcias akisria Semdegi movaleobani:a) uzrunvelyos personalur monacemTa damuSavebis Sesabamisoba amkanonTan; b) miiRos gadawyvetilebebi da ganixilos saCivrebi personalurmonacemTa damuSavebasTan dakavSirebiT; g) SeimuSaos da ganaxorcielos
23RonisZiebani personalur monacemTa dacvis efeqturobis asamaRleblad;d) moaxdinos personalur monacemTa damuSavebis sistemis registracia; e)saxelmwifo arqivis direqtoris ofisTan erTad miiRos gadawyvetilebebipersonalur monacemTa arqivSi gadagzavnasTan dakavSirebiT.personalur monacemTa dacvis mizniT, inspeqcia aRWurvilia garkveuliuflebebiT: a) iuridiuli da fizikuri pirebisagan usasyidlod miiRosinformacia, rac aucilebelia inspeqciis funqciebis Sesasruleblad; b)moaxdinos personalur monacemTa sistemis Semowmeba mis registraciamde;g) moiTxovos araswor monacemTa blokireba da arakanonierad mopovebulmonacemTa waSla an moiTxovos damuSavebis akrZalva droebiT an mudmivad;e) waradginos saqme sasamarTloSi am kanonis moTxovnaTa darRvevisSedegad (muxli 29(4)).inspeqciis direqtors da mis mier daniSnul inspeqtorebs TavianTisaidentifikacio sabuTis wardgenis Semdeg aqvT ufleba: a) TavisufladSevidnen nebismier arasacxovrebel adgilas, sadac personalur monacemTadamuSavebis sistema mdebareobs da kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli pirisTandaswrebiT moiTxovon monacemTa damuSavebis kanonierebis Semowmeba; b)moiTxovon nebismieri werilobiTi an zepiri axsna-ganmarteba personalurmonacemTa damuSavebaSi CarTul pirTagan; g) moiTxovon monacemTadamuSavebis sistemasTan dakavSirebuli dokumentebis da sxva informaciiswardgena; d) moiTxovon personalur monacemTa damuSavebis sistemis, misinebismieri danadgaris an informaciis matareblis Semowmeba da daniSnoneqspertiza gamoZiebasTan dakavSirebuli SekiTxvebis gamosakvlevad; e)Tavisi uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis uzrunvelsayofad gamoiyenonsamarTaldamcavi organoebis daxmareba; v) aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi,moamzadon da waradginon masalebi sasamarTloSi damnaSaveTa pasuxisgebaSimicemis mizniT. monacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqciis warmomadgenlebivaldebulni arian, saidumlod Seinaxon maTTvis samsaxurebrivimovaleobis Sesrulebis dros miRebuli informacia, garda sajaroobisTvisgankuTvnili informaciisa, saidumlod Senaxvis movaleoba ZalaSia maTmier samsaxurebrivi poziciis datovebis Semdegac.kanonis 31-e muxlis mixedviT, monacemTa saxelmwifo inspeqciis miermiRebuli gadawyvetilebebi SeiZleba gasaCivrdes sasamarTloSi. xolopirs, romelsac ziani miadga am kanonis moTxovnaTa darRvevis Sedegad,ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos Sesabamisi kompensacia.
24litvis respublikamonacemTa dacvis sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebisakanonmdeblo safuZvlebi personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiTmocemulia rogorc litvis respublikis konstituciasa (miRebulia 1992wlis 25 oqtombers) da kanonSi personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb(miRebulia 1996 wlis 11 ivniss, bolo versia miRebulia 2003 wlis 21 ianvars,ZalaSi Sevida 2003 wlis 1 ivliss), aseve, saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebSi.personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>s exeba litvis konstituciis 22-e muxli:individis piradi cxovreba aris xelSeuxebeli.<strong>personaluri</strong> korespondencia, satelefono saubrebi, satelegrafogzavnilebi da sxva komunikaciis saSualebebi aris xelSeuxebeli.informacia, romelic exeba individis pirad cxovrebas, SeiZlebaSegrovebul iqnes mxolod kompetenturi sasamarTlos SesabamisibrZanebiT da kanonis dacviT.kanoni da sasamarTlo icavs individebs TviTneburi an arakanonieriCarevisagan maT pirad da ojaxur cxovrebaSi da icavs maT Rirsebas dapativs xelyofisagan.kanoni personalur monacemTa samarTlebrivi dacvis Sesaxeb 25kanoni personalur monacemTa samarTlebrivi dacvis Sesaxeb Seicavsdetalur debulebebs, romlebic uzrunvelyofen personalur monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>s. kanoni Tavdapirvelad miRebul iqna 1996 wels, xolo misi boloversia miRebul iqna 2003 wels, romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2003 wlis 1 ivliss.kanoni Sedgeba rva Tavis da 34 muxlisagan. mas aqvs kidev damateba,romelSic mocemulia preambula da sami muxli gardamaval debulebebTandakavSirebiT. rac Seexeba preambulas - masSi naTqvamia, rom kanoniSesabamisobaSia evrogaerTianebis 1995 wlis 24 oqtombris direqtivasTan- 95/46/EC. am mxriv, aRsaniSnavia kanonis muxli 1(7), romlis mixedviTac,litvis respublikaSi personalur monacemTa samarTlebrivi <strong>dacva</strong>miaxloebuli unda iyos zemoxsenebuli direqtivis moTxovnebTan.kanonis gamoyenebis sferokanoni awesrigebs personalur monacemTa avtomaturi da araavtomaturidamuSavebis dros warmoqmnil urTierTobebs, rodesac:a) personalur monacemTa damuSaveba xdeba litvis teritoriazedafuZnebul da momuSave kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris saqmianobisSedegad;b) kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri ar aris dafuZnebuli litvisteritoriaze, magram misTvis litvis kanonmdeblobas aqvs savaldebuloZala saerTaSoriso sajaro samarTlis principebidan gamomdinare;25Law on Legal Protection of Personal Data.
g) personalur monacemTa damuSaveba xdeba evropuli gaerTianebisarawevr qveyanaSi, romelic monacemTa dasamuSaveblad iyenebs litvaSiarsebul saSualebebs, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac xdeba mxolodmonacemTa tranziti litvis teritoriaze. am kanonis moqmedeba arvrceldeba kerZo pirebze, romlebic amuSaveben personalur monacemebssakuTar saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT da es ar warmoadgens bizness dasamsaxurebriv saqmianobas. rodesac personalur monacemTa damuSavebaxdeba erovnuli usafrTxoebis an Tavdacvis interesebidan gamomdinare,am kanonis moqmedeba vrceldeba, vidre sxva kanoniT sxva ram ar iqnebagaTvaliswinebuli.25terminTa ganmarteba<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi - warmoadgens nebismier informacias, romelicdakavSirebulia identificirebul an identificirebad fizikur pirTan- “monacemTa subieqtTan”, romlis identificirebac SesaZlebeliapirdapir an arapirdapir, gansakuTrebiT, saidentifikacio nomrisgamoyenebiT, erTi an ramdenime faqtoriT, romelic gamoxatavs misfizikur, fiziologiur, gonebriv, ekonomikur, kulturul an socialuridenturobas. “<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>” definicia TiTqmis identuradimeorebs direqtivaSi mocemul definicias.monacemTa mimRebi 26 - fizikuri an iuridiuli piri, romelsac gaumxiles<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi. am kanonis mixedviT Seqmnili sazedamxedveloorganoebi da Jurnalisturi eTikis inspeqcia ar iTvlebian monacemTamimRebad, roca isini iReben personalur monacemebs TavianTiuflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis mizniT.monacemTa gamxela 27 - personalur monacemTa gamxela gadacemiT an misisajarod gamoqveynebis gziT, garda masmediis saSualebebiT monacemTagamoqveynebisa.monacemTa damuSaveba - nebismieri moqmedeba, romelic ukavSirdebapersonalur monacemTa damuSavebas, rogoricaa: Cawera, Segroveba,Senaxva, organizacia, Sesworeba, Secvla, gamxela, xelmisawvdomadgadaqceva, aRdgena, gavrceleba an nebismieri sxva operacia an operaciaTaerToblioba.monacemTa damuSaveba avtomaturi saSualebebiT - aris moqmedebapersonalur monacemTa damuSavebis mizniT, srulad an nawilobrivavtomaturad.monacemTa dammuSavebeli (dammuSavebeli piri) - iuridiuli anfizikuri piri, romelic ar warmoadgens kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelipiris TanamSromels da awarmoebs monacemTa damuSavebas kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piris TanxmobiT.26Data recipient.27Disclosure of data.
27personalur monacemTa damuSavebakanonis me-3 muxlSi mocemulia monacemTa damuSavebis zogadi principebi.kanoni, iseve rogorc direqtiva, adgens <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis marTlzomierebis zogad wesebs: <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis xarisxs, <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis dasaSvebobis principebs(legitimurobis kriteriumebs), damuSavebis gansakuTrebul kategoriebs,<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisaTvis informaciis miwodebis movaleobas,<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis mier informaciis miRebis uflebas, SezRudvebsda gamonaklisebs am wesebidan, <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis uflebas, uariganacxados masTan dakavSirebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebazeda sxva principebs, romlebic qvemoT detalurad aris ganxiluli.me-3 muxlis mixedviT, personalur monacemebs waeyeneba SemdegimoTxovnebi:a) maTi Segroveba unda moxdes konkretuli da kanonieri miznebiT, am miznebisdadgena unda moxdes maT mopovebamde da maTi Semdgomi damuSavebac undaemsaxurebodes am miznebs;b) personalur monacemTa damuSaveba unda moxdes akuratulad,samarTlianad da kanonierad;g) <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi unda iyos zusti, arazusti an arasruli.<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi unda iqnes Sesworebuli, Sevsebuli,ganadgurebuli an maTi Semdgomi gamoyeneba unda iqnes Sewyvetili;d) <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi unda iyos adekvaturad identuri da undagaaCndes mxolod is moculoba, rac aucilebelia maTi mopovebisa daSemdgomi damuSavebisaTvis.e) isini imgvarad unda iqnes Senaxuli, rom individis identificirebaSesaZlebeli iqnes mxolod im vadamde, rac aucilebelia maTidamuSavebisaTvis, risTvisac moxda maTi mopoveba. personalurmonacemTa damuSaveba samecniero-kvleviTi, statistikuri an istoriulimiznebisaTvis SesaZlebelia mxolod kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulSemTxvevebSi. dammuSavebeli piri movalea, daicvas monacemTa damuSavebiszogadi principebi.<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi ar unda iqnes Senaxuli imaze meti vadiT, vidresaWiroa maTi damuSavebisaTvis, xolo rodesac damuSavebis mizniTmaTi Senaxva saWiroebas aRar warmoadgens, unda ganadgurdes, gardaim SemTxvevebisa, rodesac monacemebi unda gadaeces erovnul arqivsSesanaxad kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi (muxli 4).monacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia mxolod Semdeg SemTxvevebSi:a) monacemTa subieqtis TanxmobiT;b) sruldeba im kontraqtis pirobebi, romlis mxarec aris monacemTasubieqti;g) kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris kanonier movaleobas warmoadgensmonacemTa damuSaveba;
29dakavSirebul urTierTobebs da, agreTve, sxva kanonebiT. personalurmonacemTa damuSaveba samedicino kvlevis mizniT, regulirdeba am kanoniTda sxva kanonebiT (muxli 10).piris nasamarTlobasTan, danaSaulebriv saqmianobasTan an misidanaSaulebrivi moqmedebis aRkveTasTan dakavSirebul personalurmonacemTa damuSavebas axorcielebs mxolod saxelmwifo organo. sxvafizikur da iuridiul pirebs aseTi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebaSeuZliaT mxolod kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi, Tu, Sesabamisad,xdeba zomebis miReba monacemTa subieqtis uflebaTa dacvis mizniT. pirisnasamarTlobis Sesaxeb detaluri <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba xorcieldebasaxelmwifo reestrebis Sesaxeb kanonSi mocemul debulebaTa dacviT(muxli 5(4)).<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gacemakanoni iTvaliswinebs personalur monacemTa gacemis formebsac:araerTjeradi gacemis SemTxvevaSi mimRebsa da kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirs Soris xdeba Sesabamisi xelSekrulebis dadeba,xolo, erTjeradi gacemis SemTxvevaSi, sakmarisia mimRebis Suamdgomloba.xelSekrulebaSi unda iyos miTiTebuli personalur monacemTa gamoyenebismizani, pirobebi da gamoyenebis procedurebi. Suamdgomloba ki undaSeicavdes personalur monacemTa gamoyenebis miznebs (muxli 6).<strong>personaluri</strong> saidentifikacio nomerikanoniT gansazRvrulia <strong>personaluri</strong> saidentifikacio nomris 36 gamoyenebiswesebic. kanoni ganmartavs, Tu ra aris <strong>personaluri</strong> saidentifikacionomeri: es aris pirTan dakavSirebuli cifrTa unikaluri Tanmimdevroba,romelic dadgenilia mosaxleobis reestris Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobisTanaxmad. piradi kodis gamoyeneba personalur monacemTa damuSavebisdros SesaZlebelia mxolod piris TanxmobiT an Semdeg SemTxvevebSi:a) Tu es dasaSvebia am kanoniT an sxva kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulSemTxvevebSi;b) samecniero an statistikuri kvlevebis dros;g) Tu maTi gamoyeneba xdeba saxelmwifo reestrebSi kanoniT dadgenilSemTxvevebSi (muxli 7).monacemTa subieqtis Tanxmoba monacemTa gacemisaTvis ar aris saWiro,Tu monacemTa gacema xdeba im pirTa Soris TavianTi funqciebisganxorcielebis dros, romlebic asruleben socialur dazRvevasa an sxvasocialur momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebul saqmianobas (muxli 9).36Personal Idenon Number.
30<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebasamecniero da statistikuri mizniTsamecniero kvleviTi miznebidan gamomdinare, personalur monacemTadamuSaveba SesaZlebelia monacemTa subieqtis Tanxmobis gareSe, Tuwinaswar moxdeba monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqciis informireba,es ukanaskneli valdebulia, ganaxorcielos winaswari Semowmeba.aseTi monacemebi unda Seicvalos iseTi gziT, rom SeuZlebeli gaxdessubieqtis identificireba. am mizniT Segrovebuli monacemebi arSeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes sxva miznebisTvis. iseT SemTxvevaSi, rodesackvlevas es ar esaWiroeba, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma mimRebsunda miawodos iseTi monacemebi, romlidanac piris identificirebaSeuZlebelia. kvlevis Sedegebi personalur monacemebTan erTad SeiZlebagamoqveyndes mxolod monacemTa subieqtis Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi (muxli12).kanonSi gaTvaliswinebulia debuleba statistikuri miznebiT personalurmonacemTa gamoyenebis Sesaxeb, rac warmoadgens statistikur kvlevas dakvlevis Sedegebis gamoqveynebas da Senaxvas. <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi,Segrovebuli arastatistikuri miznebiT, SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnesoficialuri statistikuri informaciis mosamzadeblad kanoniTgaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi. statistikuri miznebiT miRebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> arastatistikuri mizniT gamoyeneba dasaSvebia statistikisSesaxeb kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi da wesiT. sxvadasxvastatistikuri mizniT Segrovebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>gaerTianeba an Sedareba SeiZleba, Tu uzrunvelyofilia maTi daculobaarastatistikuri miznebiT gamoyenebisagan. gansakuTrebuli <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> Segroveba SesaZlebelia, Tu piris pirdapir an arapirdapiridentificireba SeuZlebelia maTi gamoyenebiT, gamonaklisi dasaSvebiamxolod kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi (muxli 13).pirdapiri marketingis miznebisaTvis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoyenebadasaSvebia, Tu Segrovebis dros moxdeba misi Senaxvis vadis gansazRvra daTu monacemTa subieqti miscems Tanxmobas (muxli 14).telekomunikaciis sferoSi personalur monacemTa gamoyeneba xdeba amkanonis da telekomunikaciis Sesaxeb kanonis moTxovnaTa dacviT (muxli15).personalur monacemTa damuSavebis da gamxelis wesi pirisgadaxdisunarianobis dadgenis da misi valis marTvis mizniTkanoni detalurad iTvaliswinebs personalur monacemTa damuSavebisda gamxelis wess piris gadaxdisunarianobis dadgenis da misi valis mar-Tvis 37 mizniT. am mizniT kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirs ara aqvs gansakuTrebuli<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis ufleba (muxli 16 (4)).kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri uflebamosilia, gadasces mesamepirebs _ romelTac aqvT kanonieri interesi _ im pirTa <strong>personaluri</strong>37Manegement of debt.
31monacemebi da piradi kodi, romlebmac droulad da jerovnad ar SeasrulesTavianTi finansuri an/da qonebrivi movaleobani am pirebis (mevaleebis)mimarT, gadaxdisunarianobis da valis marTvis mizniT, am kanonis da sxvakanonebis moTxovnaTa dacviT (muxli 16 (1)). kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelpirs ufleba aqvs, gadasces <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi im kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirebs, romlebic awarmoeben movaleTa gaerTianebulifailebis damuSavebas. kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirs aqvs ufleba,gaumxilos kanonieri interesis mqone mesame pirs aseTi gaerTianebulimatareblebi maT mier mevaleTa gadaxdisunarianobis Semowmebis da valismarTvis mizniT. amisaTvis kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma undagaafrTxilos monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcia, romelic atarebswinaswar Semowmebas (muxli 16(2)).kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mesamepirebisaTvis gadacemamde monacemTa subieqts werilobiT atyobinebsSeusrulebeli movaleobis Sesaxeb da mxolod am dRidan 18 kalendarulidRis ganmavlobaSi aris igi uflebamosili, gadasces monacemebi kanonieriinteresis mqone mesame pirs im SemTxvevaSi, Tu vali daufaravi darCa an/da gadaxdis vada ar iqna gadaweuli, an, Tu monacemTa subieqti sadavod arxdis valis arsebobas (muxli 16 (3)).kanonSi gaTvaliswinebulia bankebis da sxva safinanso-sakreditodawesebulebebis interesebic piris gadaxdisunarianobis Sefasebasada valis marTvasTan dakavSirebiT. aseT dawesebulebebs SeuZliaTmiawodon erTmaneTs monacemebi (saxeli, gvari, <strong>personaluri</strong> nomeri,kreditis saxe, Tanxis odenoba, kreditis dabrunebis bolo vada) pirisgadaxdisunarianobis Sefasebis mizniT. zemoxsenebul dawesebulebebsaseTi ufleba gaaCniaT mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu monacemTa subieqtimaT mimarTavs valis aRebis (maT Soris, lizingis) mizniT da miscemsTavis werilobiT Tanxmobas Sesabamis monacemTa gacvlis Sesaxeb. aseTimonacemebi ar SeiZleba gaerTianebul iqnes sxva monacemebTan da isiniunda ganadgurdnen miRebidan 2 dRis Semdeg (muxli 16 (8)).monacemTa subieqtis uflebebimonacemTa subieqts aqvs Semdegi uflebebi:1. iyos informirebuli Tavisi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisSesaxeb. am SemTxvevaSi, kontrolis ganmaxorcilebeli piri aZlevsinformacias monacemTa subieqts: a) mis da misi warmomadgenlis (aseTisarsebobis SemTxvevaSi) Sesaxeb (adgilsamyofeli, safosto rekvizitebi da a.S.); b) monacemTa damuSavebis miznebis Sesaxeb; g) sxva damatebiT informacias,rac aucilebelia imisaTvis, raTa ar moxdes kanonis moTxovnaTa da monacemTasubieqtis uflebaTa darRveva (muxli 18(1)). monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifoinspeqciaSi sakuTari piradobis damadasturebeli dokumentis wardgenisSemdeg monacemTa subieqts ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos daregistrirebulikontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli pirebis xelT arsebuli <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi da maTi damuSavebis Sesaxeb informacia. amisaTvis piri ixdissafasurs, romelic ar unda aRematebodes TviTRirebulebas (muxli 23);
322. gaecnos Tavis personalur monacemebs da maTi damuSavebismeTods. am SemTxvevaSi monacemTa subieqti dammuSavebel an kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirTan waradgens piradobis damadasturebeldokuments, ris Semdegac aqvs ufleba, gaecnos, Tu romeli wyaroebidanda romeli <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi aris Segrovebuli, ra miznebiTxorcieldeba maTi damuSaveba da im pirTa sia, visac isini gadaecema.aseTi moTxovnis wardgenidan 30 dRis ganmavlobaSi unda miewodos pirsSesabamisi werilobiTi informacia. informacia usasyidlod miewodebapirvel moTxovnaze an bolo moTxovnidan erTwliani vadis gasvlis Semdeg.gadasaxadi informaciisaTvis ar unda aRematebodes am informaciisTviTRirebulebas (muxli 19);3. moiTxovos Sesworeba an ganadgureba sakuTari <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> an maTi damuSavebis Sewyveta (garda Senaxvisa), Tu damuSavebaxdeba am an sxva kanonis moTxovnaTa darRveviT. am SemTxvevaSi, mas Semdeg,rac monacemTa subieqti aRmoaCens araswor monacemebs an maTi damuSavebisassamarTaldarRvevas, moiTxovs kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris mieram darRvevis dauyovnebliv aRmofxvras. kontrolis ganmaxorcilebelipiri dauyovnebliv acnobebs monacemTa subieqts Suamdgomlobis Sedegadgatarebuli zomebis Sesaxeb (muxli 20);4. ar gasces Tanxmoba sakuTari <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebaze.am wesebidan gadaxveva dasaSvebia, Tu personalur monacemTa damuSavebaemsaxureba erovnul usafrTxoebas an Tavdacvis interesebs, sajarowesrigs, danaSaulis aRkveTas an gamoZiebas sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze,qveynis umniSvnelovanes finansur da ekonomikur interesebs, profesiulieTikis darRvevis prevencias an aseTi faqtis gamoZiebas, monacemTasubieqtis an sxva pirebis uflebaTa <strong>dacva</strong>s (muxli 17(2)).kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri monacemTa subieqtis Suamdgomlobazeuaris Tqmis SemTxvevaSi, movalea, motivirebulad daasabuTos uaris Tqmismizezi da Suamdgomlobidan 30 dRis ganmavlobaSi miawodos monacemTasubieqts igive formiT, ra formiTac miRebul iqna Suamdgomloba (zepiri/werilobiTi) (muxli 17 (3)). Suamdgomlobidan 30 dRiani vadis gasvlisSemdeg monacemTa subieqts kidev 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi aqvs ufleba,gaasaCivros kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris moqmedeba (umoqmedoba)monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqciaSi. monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifoinspeqciis moqmedebis gasaCivreba dasaSvebia sasamarTloSi kanoniTgaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi (muxli 17 (4)).monacemTa usafrTxoebadammuSavebeli da kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli pirebi valdebulebiarian, miiRon yvela teqnikuri da organizaciuli zoma personalurmonacemTa usafrTxoebisaTvis, rom ar moxdes maTi arakanonieriganadgureba, gacema da sxva arakanonieri damuSaveba. es zomebi, <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> da maTi damuSavebis xasiaTidan gamomdinare, unda iyosadekvaturi. am zomebis Sesaxeb informacia werilobiTi formiT unda iyos
33TandarTuli Tavad am monacemebze kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli pirismier dadgenili wesiT (muxli 24(1)).kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri, dammuSavebeli, maTi personalida warmomadgenlebi valdebulni arian, saidumlod Seinaxon iseTi<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, romlebic ar aris gankuTvnili sajaroobisaTvis.saidumlos Senaxvis movaleoba vrceldeba am pirTa mier samsaxurebrivipoziciis datovebis Semdegac (muxli 24(5)).kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirTa registraciapersonalur monacemTa dacvis uzrunvelyofis mizniT, kanoniiTvaliswinebs kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirTa registraciis wess.kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli pirebi gadian registracias kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirTa saxelmwifo reestrSi, romlis administrirebasacaxorcielebs monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcia (muxli 27).rodesac personalur monacemTa damuSaveba xdeba avtomaturad, kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piri an misi warmomadgeneli amis Sesaxeb atyobinebsmonacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcias garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesacmonacemTa damuSaveba xdeba:a) Sida administrirebis miznebisaTvis;b) damuSavebas awarmoebs romelime fondi, asociacia an arasamewarmeodawesebuleba politikuri, filosofiuri an profkavSiruli miznebisaTvismxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, romelTa damuSavebacmimdinareobs, ukavSirdeba am organizaciis romelime wevrs an iseT pirs,romelsac mudmivi kavSiri aqvs organizaciasTan am ukanasknelis miznebidangamomdinare;g) monacemTa gamoyeneba xdeba sazogadoebis informirebis mizniT -Jurnalisturi, samxatvro, literaturuli da sxva saSualebebiT;d) monacemTa damuSaveba xdeba jandacvis miznebidan gamomdinare;e) monacemTa damuSaveba xdeba saxelmwifo da samsaxurebrivi saidumloebisSesaxeb kanonmdeblobis mixedviT (muxli 25).monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcia awarmoebs winaswar SemowmebasSemdeg SemTxvevebSi:a) Tu xdeba gansakuTrebul personalur monacemTa damuSaveba;b) Tu kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri apirebs sajaro monacemTa failisdamuSavebas da kanoniT ar aris dadgenili monacemTa gadacemis wesi;g) rodesac saxelmwifo registrebis an saxelmwifo an adgilobrivorganoTa sainformacio sistemebis mmarTveli niSnavs dammuSavebel pirspersonalur monacemTa damuSavebisaTvis;d) rodesac personalur monacemTa damuSaveba xdeba statistikuri ansamecniero miznebiT im SemTxvevebSi, roca saWiroa monacemTa subieqtisTanxmoba;
34e) rodesac xdeba monacemTa gamxela mesame pirebisaTvis, romlebiTac aqvTkanonieri interesi, Seamowmon piris gadaxdisunarianobis xarisxi (muxli17(1)).am moqmedebebTan dakavSirebiT, didi mniSvneloba eniWeba vadebis sakiTxs- kanonis me-17(2) muxlis mixedviT, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri,zemoxsenebul moqmedebaTa dawyebamde araugvianes ori Tvisa, dadgeniliwesiT atyobinebs monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcias, romelicmoTxovnis miRebidan ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi axorcielebs winaswarSemowmebas da kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirs aZlevs dadebiT anuaryofiT pasuxs. Tu inspeqcia orTvian vadaSi ver Caeteva, miiCneva, romTanxmoba monacemTa damuSavebaze miRebulia. monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifoinspeqciis moqmedebis gasaCivreba SeiZleba kanoniT dadgenili wesiT.personalur monacemTa gadacemaucxo qveyanaSi myof mimRebTaTvispersonalur monacemTa gadacema ucxo qveyanaSi myof mimRebze xdeba masSemdeg, rac monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcia gascems SesabamisnebarTvas (muxli 28(1)). inspeqciis Tanxmobis gareSe monacemTa gadacemaSeiZleba Semdeg SemTxvevebSi:a) monacemTa subieqtma Tavad misca Sesabamisi Tanxmoba;b) monacemTa gadacema aucilebelia kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirsada mesame pirs Soris dadebuli xelSekrulebis mixedviT, monacemTasubieqtis TanxmobiT;g) monacemTa gadacema aucilebelia sazogadoebis umniSvnelovanesiinteresebidan gamomdinare, an aucilebelia sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvismizniT;d) monacemTa gadacema aucilebelia monacemTa subieqtis sasicocxlointeresebidan gamomdinare;e) aucilebelia danaSaulebrivi moqmedebis an sisxlis samarTlis saqmezegamoZiebis warmoebis mizniT;v) <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema xdeba monacemTa sajaro matareblebidan kanoniTan sxva samarTlebrivi aqtis mixedviT (muxli 28(4)).saxelmwifo inspeqcia monacemTa gadacemaze Tanxmobas gascems imSemTxvevaSi, Tu Sesabamis qveyanaSi personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>uzrunvelyofilia saTanado doneze. inspeqcia iTvaliswinebs yvelafaqtors dacvis donis Sesafaseblad. Tu ucxo qveyanaSi monacemTa dacvisSesabamisi done ar arsebobs, gadacemaze Tanxmobis gacema inspeqciasSeuZlia, Tu kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri miiRebs yvela zomasmonacemTa subieqtis piradi cxovrebis dasacavad. dacvis aseTi zomebimoxsenebul unda iqnes personalur monacemTa ucxo saxelmwifosaTvisgadacemis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebaSi.
35zedamxedveloba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>Sesaxeb kanonis moTxovnaTa Sesrulebazekanonis 29-e muxli personalur monacemTa Sesaxeb kanonis moTxovnaTa<strong>dacva</strong>ze awesebs zedamxedvelobis instituts monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifoinspeqciis saxiT. inspeqcia aris saxelmwifo organo, romelic finansdebabiujetidan. igi pasuxs agebs mTavrobis winaSe. debulebas inspeqciisSesaxeb amtkicebs mTavroba. iseT personalur monacemTa damuSaveba,romlis mizanicaa sazogadoebis informireba an mxatvrul-literaturuligamoxatva, kontrolirdeba Jurnalisturi eTikis inspeqtoris mier.monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcia unda xelmZRvanelobdes litvisrespublikis konstituciiT, kanonebiT, litvis respublikis mier dadebulisaerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT, am kanoniT da sxva sakanonmdebloaqtebiT.kanonis 30-e muxli awesebs inspeqciis muSaobis principebs, esenia:kanonierebis, miukerZoeblobis, sajaroobis da profesionalizmisprincipebi. am kanoniT masze dakisrebuli movaleobebis Sesrulebisasinspeqcia unda iyos damoukidebeli; misi uflebebis SezRudva dasaSvebiamxolod kanoniT.saxelmwifo da municipalur dawesebulebebsa da saagentoebs, seimis wevrebsda sxva sajaro warmomadgenlebs, politikur da sajaro organizaciebs, sxvaiuridiul da fizikur pirebs ar aqvT ufleba, ganaxorcielon fizikuri,politikuri, ekonomikuri an socialuri zewola monacemTa dacvissaxelmwifo inspeqciis TanamSromlebze an Caerion maT saqmianobaSi raimesxva gziT. inspeqciis saqmianobaSi arakanonieri Careva isjeba kanoniT.litvis mTavrobis rezoluciiT No 1156 miRebuli debulebiT, monacemTadacvis saxelmwifo inspeqciis Sesaxeb da misi damatebiT (2005 wlis24 ianvari), inspeqcias mieniWa uflebamosileba, zedamxedvelobaganaxorcielos personalur monacemTa samarTlebrivi dacvis Sesaxebkanonis moTxovnaTa (garda me-8 muxlisa, romelic exeba sazogadoebisinformaciiT uzrunvelyofis da, aseve, literaturuli da mxatvruligamoxatvis mizniT monacemTa damuSavebis sakiTxs) Sesrulebaze.2004 wlis 8 marts litvis parlamentma moaxdina evropis kavSirisxelSekrulebis ratificireba, romelic exeba sabaJo miznebiTsainformacio teqnologiebis gamoyenebas. 2004 wlis 15 ivliss mTavrobammonacemTa dacvis saxelmwifo inspeqcias mianiWa uflebamosileba,damoukideblad ganaxorcielos zedamxedveloba sabaJoebis sainformaciosistemaSi Sesuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> <strong>dacva</strong>ze.2003 wlis 20 maiss, mTavrobis rezoluciiT, inspeqcias mieniWa Sengeniserovnul sainformacio sistemaSi personalur monacemTa damuSavebisdros kanonis moTxovnaTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis uflebamosileba. esaqti ZalaSi Seva mas Semdeg, rac litva gaxdeba Sengenis xelSekrulebismonawile.inspeqciis Sesaxeb debulebis me-6 muxlis Tanaxmad, inspeqciis principulmiznebs warmoadgens: monacemTa dacvis uzrunvelyofa, personalur
36monacemTa damuSavebis dros kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirTasaqmianobaze zedamxedveloba, personalur monacemTa damuSavebismarTlzomierebaze kontrolis ganxorcieleba, monacemTa damuSavebisdros darRvevebis ardaSveba da monacemTa subieqtebis uflebebis <strong>dacva</strong>.inspeqciam unda miiRos zomebi, raTa personalur monacemTa damuSavebaiyos SesabamisobaSi evrogaerTianebis standartebTan.debulebis me-12 muxlis mixedviT, inspeqcias xelmZRvanelobs direqtori,romlis daniSvna da Tanamdebobidan gaTavisufleba xdeba litvisrespublikis sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb kanonis moTxovnaTa dacviT.monacemTa dacvis inspeqciis kompetenciakanonis 31-e muxli gansazRvravs inspeqciis kompetencias, rac warmoadgensSemdegs:a) kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirTa reestris administrireba,misi sajaroobis uzrunvelyofa da registrirebul kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirTa mier personalur monacemTa damuSavebiskanonierebaze zedamxedvelobis ganxorcieleba;b) am kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi, kerZo moTxovnebis dasaCivrebis ganxilva sajaro mmarTvelobis Sesaxeb kanoniT 38 dadgeniliproceduris mixedviT;g) personalur monacemTa damuSavebis marTlzomierebis Semowmeba da maTidamuSavebis dros arsebul darRvevebTan dakavSirebiT gadawyvetilebebismiReba;d) kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirebs misces ucxo qveyanaSi arsebulmimRebTaTvis monacemTa gadacemis ufleba;e) Camoayalibos da gamoaqveynos wliuri moxseneba misi saqmianobisSesaxeb;v) iTanamSromlos kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirebTan da SeimuSaosrekomendaciebi monacemTa dacvis gaumjobesebis mizniT da gaxados isinisajarod xelmisawvdomi internetis meSveobiT;z) kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, daxmareba gauwios ucxo qveyanaSi myofmonacemTa subieqtebs;T) kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, uzrunvelyos sxva qveynebi informaciiTlitvis respublikis kanonmdeblobis Sesaxeb personalur monacemTadacvis sferoSi da gauziaros gamocdileba;i) ganaxorcielos winaswari Semowmeba am kanoniT dadgenil SemTxvevebSida miawodos Tavisi gadawyvetileba kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirebskonkretul monacemTa damuSavebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT;k) personalur monacemTa avtomaturi damuSavebis dros daicvas fizikurpirTa uflebebis Sesaxeb konvenciis debulebebi;38Law on Public Administration.
37l) misces rekomendacia seims, mTavrobas, saxelmwifo da municipalurdawesebulebebs, roca isini axorcieleben monacemTa dacvis saxelmwifoinspeqciis saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli kanonebis an sxva samarTlebriviaqtebis proeqtebis SemuSavebas, miRebas, maTSi cvlilebebis Setanas angauqmebas;m) Seafasos kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirTa mier personalurmonacemTa damuSavebis wesebi;n) Seasrulos am kanoniT dakisrebuli sxva funqciebi.monacemTa dacvis inspeqciis uflebamosilebakanonis 32-e muxli Tavisi movaleobebis Sesrulebisas, monacemTa dacvissaxelmwifo inspeqcias aniWebs Semdeg uflebamosilebas:a) saxelmwifo da municipaluri dawesebulebebisagan da saagentoebisagan,sxva iuridiuli da fizikuri pirebisagan usasyidlod miiRos yvelasaWiro informacia, dokumentebis aslebi da Targmanebi, monacemTa aslebida miuwvdebodes xeli yvela monacemsa da dokumentze, rac aucilebeliainspeqciis mier Tavisi funqciebis efeqturi ganxorcielebisaTvis;b) winaswari werilobiTi gafrTxilebis Semdeg moaxdinos piris uZraviqonebis an im teritoriis daTvaliereba, sadac mdebareobs dokumentebida inventari personalur monacemTa damuSavebasTan dakavSirebiT.iuridiuli piris SenobaSi Sesvla SesaZlebelia mxolod am dawesebulebissamuSao saaTebis ganmavlobaSi. kerZo piris sacxovrebel adgilas SesvladasaSvebia mxolod Sesabamisi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis wardgenisSemdgom;g) miiRos monawileoba seimis sesiebSi, Sexvedrebze samTavrobo da sxvasaxelmwifo institutebSi, sadac personalur monacemTa damuSavebissakiTxis ganxilva mimdinareobs;d) moixmos eqspertebi da konsultantebi, Seqmnas muSa jgufebi monacemTadamuSavebis da maTi dacvis Semowmebis mizniT, aseve, monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTandakavSirebiT, samarTlebrivi dokumentebis proeqtirebis da inspeqciismuSaobasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebis mizniT;e) misces rekomendaciebi da instruqciebi kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelpirebs monacemTa damuSavebasa da maT <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT;v) administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT dadgenili procedurismixedviT, Seadginos oqmi samarTaldarRvevis Sesaxeb;z) awarmoos informaciis gacvla ucxo qveynebis personalur monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebel organoebTan im moculobiT,rac saWiroa maTi movaleobebis Sesrulebis mizniT;T) miiRos monawileoba sasamarTlos mier saqmis ganxilvaSi personalurmonacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT saerTaSoriso da erovnulikanonmdeblobis debulebaTa darRvevis faqtebze;
38i) Seasrulos kanoniT da sxva samarTlebrivi aqtebiT dakisrebulifunqciebi.inspeqciis uflebamosileba moicavs srul sajaro da kerZo seqtors, masar aqvs uflebamosileba iseTi <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis dros, romlismizanicaa sazogadoebis informaciiT uzrunvelyofa da mxatvruli daliteraturuli gamoxatva (ix. muxli 8). aseve, inspeqcias ara aqvs ufleba,ganaxorcielos zedamxedveloba sasamarTloebSi personalur monacemTadamuSavebaze.pasuxismgebloba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis darRvevisTviskanonis bolo, me-8 Tavi exeba pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs. 33-e muxlismixedviT, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirTa, dammuSavebelTa dasxva pirTa mier am kanonis moTxovnebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, litvisrespublikis kanonmdeblobiT, dgeba maTi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi.pirs, romelsac miadga ziani kontrolis ganmaxorcieleblis, dammuSaveblisan sxva piris mier am kanonis sawinaaRmdego moqmedebebis an umoqmedobisSedegad, ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos qonebrivi da araqonebrivi zianisanazRaureba. zianis odenoba ganisazRvreba sasamarTlos mier (muxli 34).
poloneTipersonalur monacemTa dacvis sakanonmdeblo baza poloneTSikanonmdebloba personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb poloneTSiZalaSia 1998 wlis 30 aprilidan. 1997 wlis 29 agvistos poloneTma miiRokanoni personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb, romelSic mogvianebiTSevida damatebebi, xolo poloneTis konstituciaSi ufro adre iyoCamoyalibebuli debulebebi moqalaqeTa personalur monacemTa dacvisSesaxeb. konstituciis 47-e da 51-e muxlebi yovel pirs aniWebs uflebas,gaecnos nebismier administraciul aqts. es muxlebi CamoyalibebuliaSemdegnairad:muxli 47:“yvelas aqvs ufleba, kanonierad daicvas sakuTari <strong>personaluri</strong> daojaxuri xelSeuxeblobis, Rirsebisa da kargi reputaciis, <strong>personaluri</strong>cxovrebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebis ufleba.”muxli 51:“1. aravin SeiZleba iqnes iZulebuli, gaamxilos informacia sakuTaripirovnebis Sesaxeb, garda kanonieri safuZvlisa.2. saxelmwifo organoebma ar unda iqonion, Seagrovon an gaxadonxelmisawvdomi informacia moqalaqeebis Sesaxeb, garda iseTi cnobebisa,romlebic aucilebelia demokratiul saxelmwifoSi, sadac aris kanonisuzenaesoba.3. yvelas aqvs ufleba, xeli miuwvdebodes oficialur dokumentebsa damonacemTa krebulze, romelic exeba mas. am uflebis SezRudva dasaSvebiamxolod kanoniT.4. yvelas aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos iseTi informaciis Sesworeba an waSla,romelic aris araswori an arasruli, agreTve, informaciisa, romelicmopovebulia arakanonieri gziT.5. informaciis Segrovebasa da mis xelmisawvdomobasTan dakavSirebuliprincipebi da procedurebi unda iyos gansazRvruli kanoniT.”konstitucia ambobs, rom yovel pirs aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos rogorcaraswori informaciis Sesworeba, aseve maTi warmoSobis wyaro da sruliSemcveloba. agreTve, monacemTa subieqtis anonimuroba daculi undaiyos.Tavad personalur monacemTa kanoni Seicavs zust da amomwurav debulebebsam sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. 2005 wlis 12 ivliss poloneTma moaxdina evropissabWos egidiT miRebul personalur monacemTa avtomaturi damuSavebisdros individTa dacvis konvenciis damatebiTi oqmis ratificireba. Tavadkonvencia miRebula 1981 wlis 28 ianvars strasburgSi da warmoadgenspirvel savaldebulo Zalis mqone saerTaSoriso aqts, romelic icavsindivids personalur monacemTa Segrovebis, damuSavebis an sxvasaxelmwifosaTvis gadacemis dros uflebis borotad gamoyenebisagan(saqarTvelo aris am konvenciis monawile - xeli moawera 2001 wlis 2139
40noembers, ratificireba moaxdina 2005 wlis 24 dekembers, ZalaSi Sevida 2006wlis pirvel marts). xolo damatebiTi oqmi exeba personalur monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>ze wevri saxelmwifoebis mier zedamxedveli saxelmwifo organoebisSeqmnas da monacemTa transsasazRvro gadacemas.personalur monacemTa dacvis generaluriinspeqtoris samarTlebrivi statusipersonalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobis uflebamosilebapoloneTSi akisria personalur monacemTa dacvis generalur inspeqtors.am Tanamdebobaze pirs niSnavs seJmi (seimis qveda palata), senatis (seimiszeda palata) TanxmobiT, 4 wlis vadiT. igive piri SeiZleba dainiSnos kidevori vadiT. vidre Seudgeba Tavisi uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebas,inspeqtori debs fics seJmis winaSe.generaluri inspeqtoris uflebamosilebas da kompetencias gansazRvravspersonalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis me-2 Tavi. generalurinspeqtors kanoniT aqvs garantirebuli damoukidebloba, rogorcarapolitikur Tanamdebobis pirs (mas ar SeuZlia iyos politikuripartiis wevri an savaWro gaerTianebis wevri). misi Tanamdebobidangadayeneba dauSvebelia. agreTve, igi ar unda iyos dakavebuli araviTarisxva saqmianobiT, garda umaRles saswavlebelSi profesorad muSaobisa.aseve, generalur inspeqtors aqvs formaluri imuniteti.generaluri inspeqtoris uflebamosilebanigeneraluri inspeqtori, Tavisi saqmianobis ganxorcielebis mizniT,aRWurvilia uflebamosilebiT. mas aqvs ufleba: zedamxedveloba gauwiosmonacemTa damuSavebis procesis Sesabamisobas personalur monacemTadacvis Sesaxeb kanonTan, ganixilos saCivrebi da miiRos administraciulizomebi, iqonios monacemTa failuri sistemis reestri, waradginos sakuTarimosazreba personalur monacemTa Sesaxeb kanonproeqtebTan dakavSirebiT,wamoiwyos RonisZiebebi personalur monacemTa dacvis gasaumjobeseblad,miiRos monawileoba saerTaSoriso organizaciaTa da dawesebulebaTasaqmianobaSi personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT. garkveuliuflebamosilebiT arian aRWurvilni, agreTve, generaluri inspeqtorisofisis TanamSromlebi.aRsaniSnavia, rom garda am kanonisa, zemoxsenebuli procedurebiregulirdeba administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis mixedviT.poloneTis kanoni personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxebpersonalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT, sakanonmdeblodebulebebi poloneTis kanonmdeblobaSi warmoadgina 1997 wlis 29 agvistoskanonma personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb. kanoni umeteswiladexmaureba evropis parlamentisa da evropis kavSiris direqtivaSi (95/46/EC)mocemul wesebs da SesabamisobaSia evropuli qveynebis zogad politikurmimarTulebasTan.
41kanonis moqmedebis sferokanoniT gansazRvrulia, rom yvelas aqvs ufleba, daculi hqondes saku-Tari <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi da mocemulia <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebiszogadi miznebi. personalur monacemTa damuSaveba unda Seesabamebodesam kanonis moTxovnebs. meore muxli gansazRvravs kanonis miznebsda moqmedebis sferos. kanoni adgens personalur monacemTa damuSavebisprincipebs da kerZo pirTa uflebebs, romelTa <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebicmuSavdeba an SesaZloa damuSavdes, rogorc monacemTa failuri sistemisnawili. kanoni gamoiyeneba personalur monacemTa damuSavebisas wignebSi,failebSi, siebSi, katalogebSi, kompiuterul sistemebsa da sxva reestreb-Si. kanoni vrceldeba saxelmwifo organoebis, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisda municipaluri organoebis moqmedebebze, aseve, arasajaro organoebze,romlebic asruleben sajaro funqciebs da kerZo an iuridiulpirebsa da organizaciul warmonaqmnebze (romlebic ar arian iuridiulipirebi), romelTa saqmianobis nawilsac warmoadgens personalur monacemTadamuSaveba. me-3(a) muxlis Tanaxmad, kanonis moqmedeba ar vrceldebakerZo pirebze, romlebic amuSaveben personalur monacemebs piradi an saojaxomiznebisaTvis. garda me-14-19 da 36(1) muxlebisa, kanonis moqmedebaar vrceldeba Jurnalistur da mxatvrul saqmianobaze, vidre gamoxatvisTavisufleba da informaciis gavrceleba ar arRvevs monacemTa subieqtisuflebebs. sainteresoa kanonis me-5 muxli _ im SemTxvevaSi, Tu arsebobsraime sxva kanoni, romelic ufro efeqturad icavs personalur monacemebs,moqmedebs es ukanaskneli. me-6 muxli gansazRvravs personalur monacemTaSinaarss - personalur monacemad iTvleba nebismieri informacia, romelicukavSirdeba identificirebul an identificirebad fizikur pirs.informaciis nawili, romelze dayrdnobiTac piris identificireba Sesa-Zlebelia mxolod ganusazRvrelad didi drois, saxsrebis da adamianuriresursebis daxarjviT, ar iTvleba maidentificirebel informaciad. aRsaniSnavia,rom kanonSi gamoyenebuli terminTa ganmarteba sruliad Seesabamebadireqtivis ganmartebebs.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis principebikanonis me-3 Tavi exeba personalur monacemTa dacvis principebs (muxlebi23-31). igi Seesabameba direqtivis moTxovnebs. 23-e muxlis mixedviT,personalur monacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia mxolod SemdegSemTxvevebSi:a) monacemTa subieqts micemuli aqvs Tanxmoba, Tu monacemTa damuSaveba arwarmoadgens waSlas;b) damuSaveba aucilebelia kanonieri uflebebisa da movaleobebisgansaxorcieleblad;g) damuSaveba aucilebelia iseTi xelSekrulebis pirobis Sesasruleblad,romelSic monacemTa subieqti warmoadgens mxares, an saWiroa zomebismiReba monacemTa subieqtis moTxovniT xelSekrulebis dadebamde;d) damuSaveba saWiroa samarTlebrivi amocanebis Sesasruleblad dadamuSaveba saWiroa samarTlebrivi amocanebis Sesasruleblad daemsaxureba sazogadoebriv interesebs;
42e) damuSaveba saWiroa kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piris an monacemTamimRebis kanonieri interesebis uzrunvelsayofad, Tu damuSaveba ararRvevs monacemTa subieqtis uflebebs da Tavisuflebebs.rodesac monacemTa mopoveba da Segroveba xdeba monacemTa subieqtidan,kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri valdebulia, miawodos monacemTasubieqts garkveuli saxis informacia (muxli 24) (dammuSavebeli pirisvinaoba, damuSavebis mizani, monacemTa subieqtis ufleba _ miuwvdebodesxeli sakuTar pirad monacemebze da SeeZlos maTi Sesworebis moTxovna,aqvs Tu ara dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacemas savaldebulo Tusarekomendacio xasiaTi). aRniSnuli wesidan dasaSvebia gamonaklisic,Tu aseTi gaTvaliswinebulia kanoniT. rodesac monacemebi miRebuli araris monacemTa subieqtis mxridan, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli pirimovalea, miawodos monacemTa subieqts garkveuli saxis informacia, maTSoris informacia im wyaros Sesaxebac, saidanac moxda monacemTa mopoveba(muxli 25).monacemTa usafrTxoebakontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri valdebulia, izrunos monacemTausafrTxoebaze, kerZod, igi valdebulia, Seamowmos:a) monacemTa damuSavebis kanoniereba;b) aris Tu ara monacemebi Segrovebuli kanonieri da konkretulimiznebisaTvis da rom maTi gamoyeneba ar moxdeba sxva miznebisaTvis;g) monacemebi aris Tu ara relevanturi da adekvaturi im miznebisa,romelTa misaRwevadac moxda maTi damuSaveba.sxva miznebiT monacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia, Tu es miznebi arissamecniero, saganmanaTleblo, statistikuri xasiaTis da ar arRvevsmonacemTa subieqtis uflebebs.gansakuTrebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebagansakuTrebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba ikrZaleba, gardazogierTi gamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa. es SemTxvevebia, rodesac:a) monacemTa subieqts micemuli aqvs werilobiTi Tanxmoba;b) sxva kanoniT aris gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxmobis gareSe aseT monacemTadamuSaveba da uzrunvelyofilia adekvaturi usafrTxoeba;g) damuSaveba aucilebelia, raTa dacul iqnes monacemTa subieqtissasicocxlo interesebi;d) damuSaveba aucilebelia, raTa maTze dakisrebuli funqciebi Seasruloneklesiebma, religiurma gaerTianebebma, fondebma, kavSirebma da sxvaarasamewarmeo organizaciebma an politikuri, samecniero, religiuri,filosofiuri an savaWro miznebis mqone dawesebulebebma im SemTxvevaSi,Tu damuSaveba exeba im organizaciaTa da dawesebulebaTa wevrebs, romelTa
43saqmianobac uSualod ukavSirdeba am organizacias an dawesebulebas dadamuSavebisas miRebulia Sesabamisi usafrTxoebis zomebi;e) monacemTa damuSaveba aucilebelia samarTlebrivi moTxovnisuzrunvelsayofad;v) damuSaveba aucilebelia, raTa kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirmaSeasrulos Tavisi funqciebi TanamSromelTa samuSaoze miRebisas dadamuSavebis xasiaTi gansazRvrulia kanoniT;z) damuSaveba aucilebelia prevenciuli samedicino miznebisa anmkurnalobisaTvis, rodesac damuSaveba xorcieldeba mkurnalobaSiCarTuli Sesabamisi uflebamosili piris mier;T) damuSaveba exeba im personalur monacemebs, romelic xelmisawvdomigaxda farTo auditoriisaTvis Tavad monacemTa subieqtis mier;i) damuSaveba aucilebelia samecniero kvlevis warmoebisaTvis, maT Soris,xarisxis an universitetis damTavrebis mizniT dasaweri naSromisaTvis.nebismier SemTxvevaSi, kvlevis Sedegebi ar gamoqveyndeba iseTi gziT, racSesaZlebels gaxdis monacemTa subieqtis identificirebas. monacemTadamuSaveba xorcieldeba mxaris mier sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis anadministraciuli gadawyvetilebis Sedegad warmoSobil uflebaTa damovaleobaTa ganxorcielebis mizniT.monacemTa subieqtis uflebamosilebanimuxlis pirveli punqtis Tanaxmad, monacemTa subieqts aqvs ufleba,akontrolos sakuTari <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis procesi,Semdgom dazustebuli aris es ufleba konkretuli CamonaTvaliT. kerZod,monacemTa subieqts ufleba aqvs: 1) miiRos amomwuravi informacia aseTi<strong>monacemebis</strong> arsebobis Sesaxeb da daadginos kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelipiris vinaoba; 2) miiRos informacia monacemTa damuSavebis meTodis,miznebisa da farglebis Sesaxeb; 3) miiRos informacia, Tu rodidanmimdinareobs misi <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba; 4) miiRos informacia monacemTawyaros Sesaxeb, Tu kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri valdebuli ar aris,ar gaamxilos wyaro komerciuli, saxelmwifo an profesiuli saidumloebisgamo; 5) miiRos informacia monacemTa gacemis meTodis Sesaxeb da, kerZod,Tu vin aris mimRebi, an ra kategoriis mimRebTa jgufs gadaeca monacemebi;6) moiTxovos monacemTa Sesworeba, ganaxleba da a. S.monacemTa subieqtis moTxovnis Semdeg kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelipiri 30 dRis ganmavlobaSi valdebulia, Seatyobinos monacemTa subieqtsmisi uflebebis Sesaxeb da miawodos mas muxlebSi 32(1)(1)-32(1)(5) mocemuliinformacia da, kerZod, unda Seatyobinos Semdegi sakiTxebis Sesaxeb:1) failSi arsebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategoria; 2) monacemTaSegrovebis saSualebebi; 3) Segrovebis miznebi da farglebi; 4) mimRebipirebi da monacemebze maTi xelmisawvdomobis farglebi. monacemTasubieqtis moTxovniT, es informacia unda miewodos werilobiTi formiT.
44personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma unda gaataros yvela adekvaturiteqnikuri da organizaciuli zoma, rac aris Sesabamisi <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvisaTvis, man unda Seinaxos monacemTa damuSavebisda zemoxsenebul zomaTa gatarebis dros Seqmnili dokumentacia,unda daniSnos informaciis usafrTxoebis administratori, romeliczedamxedvelobas gauwevs zemoxsenebul wesTa <strong>dacva</strong>s, vidre kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piri ar gaakeTebs amas Tavad. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSaveba unda ganaxorcielon eqskluziurad im pirebma, romelTackontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma mianiWa aseTi uflebamosileba(muxli 37). kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma aucileblad undagauwios zedamxedveloba Semdeg sakiTxebs: romeli monacemebi, rodisda vis mier iqna Seyvanili failur sistemaSi da vis gadaeca igi (muxli38). kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma unda awarmoos monacemTadamuSavebaze uflebamosil pirTa reestri, sadac aRniSnuli iqnebauflebamosili piris sruli saxeli, pirad monacemTa xelmisawvdomobazegacemuli uflebamosilebis gacemis da amowurvis vadebi da misi farglebi.damuSavebaze uflebamosilma pirebma unda daicvan rogorc monacemTa,aseve, maTi dacvis mizniT gatarebuli zomebis konfidencialuroba (muxli39).<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> failuri sistemakontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma unda acnobos generalurinspeqtors monacemTa failuri sistemis registraciis saWiroebisSesaxeb 39 (muxli 40) da manve unda uzrunvelyos monacemTa failurisistemis Ria erovnuli reestris warmoeba. reestris Semowmebaxelmisawvdomia nebismieri pirisaTvis. kanonis 43-e muxlSi mocemulia iseTmonacemTa failuri sistemebi, romelTa registraciac ar unda awarmooskontrolis ganmaxorcielebelma pirma (saxelmwifo saidumloeba, sisxlissamarTalwarmoebis dros Segrovili cnobebi, generaluri inspeqtorismier Segrovili finansuri informacia da a. S.). generaluri inspeqtorimonacemTa failuri sistemis registraciaze uars ambobs, Tu: 41(1)-e muxlSi mocemuli pirobebi ar aris daculi; arRvevs personalurmonacemTa damuSavebis principebs (muxlebi 23-30); kompiuteruli sistemada mowyobilobebi, romlebic gaTvaliswinebulia monacemTa failurisistemis registraciisaTvis, ar akmayofilebs kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulteqnikur da organizaciul moTxovnebs.personalur monacemTa gadacema mesame saxelmwifosTvismesame saxelmwifos gadaecema <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi mxolod imSemTxvevaSi, Tu igi uzrunvelyofs monacemTa dacvis, sul cota, imavexarisxs, rac kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulia poloneTis respublikaSi. eswesi ar moqmedebs, Tu monacemTa gadacema gaTvaliswinebulia kanoniT ansaerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT. am SemTxvevaSi, generalurma inspeqtorma39The ontroller shall be obliged to notify a data filing system to registration by the Inspor General. nr
45Tavad unda uzrunvelyos monacemTa adekvaturi <strong>dacva</strong>. agreTve, armoqmedebs zemoxsenebuli wesi, roca, kontrolis ganmaxorcielebelpirs aqvs ufleba, miawodos <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi mesame saxelmwifos,Tu: monacemTa subieqts micemuli aqvs werilobiTi nebarTva; gadacemaaucilebelia monacemTa subieqtsa da kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirsSoris dadebuli SeTanxmebis uzrunvelsayofad, an Tu gamomdinareobsmonacemTa subieqtis moTxovnidan; gadacema aucilebelia kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirsa da sxva subieqts Soris monacemTa subieqtisinteresebidan gamomdinare dadebuli SeTanxmebis uzrunvelsayofad;gadacema aucilebelia sazogadoebrivi interesebidan gamomdinarean kanonier moTxovnaTa dadgenis mizniT; gadacema aucilebeliamonacemTa subieqtis sasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad; gadacema exebasazogadoebisaTvis xelmisawvdom monacemebs.pasuxismgebloba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis wesis darRvevisaTviskanoni adgens <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis dros kanonismoTxovnaTa darRvevisaTvis gaTvaliswinebul sanqciebs (muxlebi 49 54). aqsainteresoa is garemoeba, rom, sxva saxis sanqciebis garda, kanonis merveTavi iTvaliswinebs, aseve, Tavisuflebis aRkveTas sam wlamde vadiT.kanonis 49(1)-e muxli mkafiod adgens, rom pirs, romelic daamuSavebspersonalur monacemebs monacemTa failur sistemaSi, roca aseTidamuSaveba akrZalulia an mas ar aqvs amis uflebamosileba, daekisrebajarima, Tavisuflebis nawilobriv SezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa orwlamde vadiT. xolo, Tu zemoxsenebuli danaSauli exeba gansakuTrebulpersonalur monacemebs (rasobriv, religiur, eTnikur kuTvnilebasTanan politikur SexedulebasTan dakavSirebuli da a. S. <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi), pirs daekisreba jarima, Tavisuflebis nawilobrivSezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa sam wlamde vadiT (muxli 49(2)).piri, romelic warmoadgens monacemTa failur sistemaSi kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirs da Seinaxavs sistemaSi iseT monacemebs,romlisTvisac es sistema ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli, daekisreba jarima,Tavisuflebis nawilobriv SezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa erTwlamde vadiT (muxli 50). kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri an piri,romelic valdebulia, daicvas <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, gaamxelsmaT an gadascems amisaTvis arauflebamosil pirs, daekisreba jarima,Tavisuflebis SezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa or wlamde vadiT. aseTidanaSaulis gaufrTxileblobiT Cadenis SemTxvevaSi, pirs daekisrebajarima, Tavisuflebis SezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa erT wlamdevadiT (muxli 51). Tu piri, romelic warmoadgens monacemTa failurisistemis kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirs, mniSvneloba ar aqvs, ganzraxTu gaufrTxileblobiT, daarRvevs monacemTa dacvis valdebulebasuflebamosilebis gareSe gacemiT, dazianebiT an ganadgurebiT, daekisrebajarima, Tavisuflebis SezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa erT wlamde vadiT(muxli 52). pirs, romelic, miuxedavad masze dakisrebuli valdebulebisa,ar ganaxorcielebs monacemTa failuri sistemis registracias, daekisreba
46jarima, Tavisuflebis SezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa erT wlamdevadiT (muxli 53). kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel pirs, romelic arSeatyobinebs monacemTa subieqts mis uflebebs, an ar miawvdis mas iseTinformacias, romelic sasargeblo iqneboda monacemTa subieqtisaTvisam kanonis gamoyenebiT, daekisreba jarima, Tavisuflebis nawilobrivSezRudva an Tavisuflebis aRkveTa erT wlamde vadiT (muxli 54).personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb arsebulidebulebebi poloneTis kanonmdeblobidanpersonalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong> warmoadgens ara marto poloneTis 1997wlis 29 agvistos personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis interess.debulebebi personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb poloneTis kanonmdeblobissxvadasxva dargSi gvxvdeba. am sakanonmdeblo aqtebSi gansazRvruliapirad monacemTa dacvis unificirebuli procedura, sxvadasxva debulebebSixSirad gvxvdeba miTiTebiTi dispoziciebi personalur monacemTadacvis Sesaxeb 1997 wlis 29 agvistos kanonze, rac aucilebelic aris kanonmdeblobiserTiani sistemis arsebobisaTvis personalur monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT. qvemoT moyvanil abzacebSi poloneTis kanonmdeblobissxvadasxva sferodan personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiTarsebuli debulebebis konkretuli magaliTebia mocemuli.personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT sainteresoa poloneTis2005 wlis 27 ivlisis umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanoni. am kanonis49(7)-e muxlis mixedviT - saxelmwifo akreditaciis komitetma Tavisiuflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis procesSi SeiZleba daamuSaosakademiuri personalis da studentebis <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebimxolod im mizniT, ra mizniTac es aucilebelia am uflebamosilebisganxorcielebisaTvis. igive kanonis 88(4)-e muxlis mixedviT - biblioTekisfunqcionirebis mizniT, umaRlesi swavlebis dawesebulebebma SesaZloadaamuSaon garkveuli tipis <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, rac aRniSnuli undaiyos maT wesdebebSi.am mxriv, sainteresoa poloneTis 2003 wlis 13 ivlisis kanoni poloneTisrespublikis teritoriaze jaSuSTaTvis TavSesafris micemis Sesaxeb.kanonis 23(7)-e muxlis mixedviT, informacia da <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi,miRebuli jaSuSisgan an im xelisuflebisagan, romelic awarmoebsltolvilis statusis gacemas an CamorTmevas, SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnesmxolod Jenevis 1949 wlis 12 agvistos me-4 konvenciis 35-e muxlSi mocemulimiznebisaTvis (e muxli awesrigebs dacvis qveS myof pirTa gamgzavrebissakiTxebs). am kanonis me-8 muxlSi ki konkretulad aris CamoTvliliis <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, romelTa damuSavebac aris daSvebuli amkanonSi mocemuli procedurebis warmoebis mizniT. analogiur moTxovnasiTvaliswinebs poloneTis 2003 wlis 13 ivlisis jaSuSebis Sesaxeb kanonisme-12 muxlic. am kanonis 131(3)-e muxlis mixedviT - jaSuSs aqvs ufleba,moiTxovos misi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> Sesworeba reestrSi, TuaRmoCndeba, rom <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi SecdomiT aris Setanili, aseve,SeuZlia, moiTxovos maTi amoSla reestridan, Tu maTi Setana iyo SecdomisSedegi. sainteresoa amave kanonis 152(5)-e muxlic, romlis mixedviTac
47- dammuSavebeli piri, romelic amuSavebs personalur monacemebs Sidasainformacio sistemebisaTvis, Tavisufldeba personalur monacemTadacvis Sesaxeb kanonis 25-e muxlis moTxovnebisagan (25-e muxlis ZaliT,Tu monacemebi miRebuli ar aris monacemTa subieqtisgan, dammuSavebelipiri valdebulia, miawodos garkveuli informacia monacemTa subieqts).152(6)-e muxlis mixedviT ki - personalur monacemTa damuSavebazezedamxedvelobas axorcielebs personalur monacemTa dacvis umaRlesiinspeqtori.personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT, sainteresoa, aseve,poloneTis sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi. kodeqsis 184-emuxli awesrigebs mowmis an misi naTesavis janmrTelobis, sicocxlisda sakuTrebis dacvis mizniT personalur monacemTa gasaidumloebisproceduras. xolo, aseTi mowmis dakiTxvis wess gansazRvravs iusticiisministri brZanebiT.poloneTis 1998 wlis 13 oqtombris socialuri sadazRvevo sistemisSesaxeb kanonis 34-e muxlis Tanaxmad - dazRveuli piris angariSzearsebuli informacia daculi unda iyos personalur monacemTa dacvisSesaxeb kanonmdeblobiT. kanonis 50(3)-e muxlis mixedviT - nebismieri<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis Semcveli informaciis damuSaveba an gadacemaxdeba personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis moTxovnaTadacviT.poloneTis 1986 wlis 26 ianvris presis Sesaxeb kanonis me13(2)-e muxlismixedviT - piris, romlis mimarTac mimdinareobs sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba,agreTve, mowmis da dazaralebulis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoqveynebapresiT dauSvebelia Sesabamisi piris Tanxmobis gareSe. me-3 punqtismixedviT ki - im piris <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoqveynebaze nebarTvisgacema, romlis mimarTac mimdinareobs sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba, SeuZliaSesabamis sasamarTlos an prokurors.personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb poloneTis kanonmdebloba aramoiwureba mxolod personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb kanoniT.personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb sakanonmdeblo debulebebigvxvdeba poloneTis kanonmdeblobis sxvadasxva dargebSi, iqneba es -konstituciuri, administraciuli, samoqalaqo, sisxlis samarTlis,mediisa da komunikaciis Tu Sromis kanonmdebloba.
48safrangeTisafrangeTSi personalur monacemTa damuSaveba daregulirebulia 1978wlis aqtiT monacemTa damuSavebis, monacemTa failebisa da individTaTavisuflebebis Sesaxeb ( Act on t t t t t t t t t c c c c c c c c c Proc c t t t t t t t t t t t t t Files and dd dd dd t t t t). t aRniSnuli aqti exeba rogorc avtomatur, isearaavtomatur damuSavebas iseTi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>a, romlebicmoTavsebulia an SesaZlebelia moTavsdes <strong>personaluri</strong> informaciisfailur sistemaSi. aqtis Tanaxmad, personalur monacems warmoadgensnebismieri informacia fizikur pirze, romelic identificirebulia anSesaZlebelia identificirebul iqnes. monacemTa damuSavebis miznebisada saSualebebis ganmsazRvreli SesaZlebelia iyos piri, departamenti annebismieri organizacia, romelsac ewodeba monacemTa makontrolebeli(data ontroller controller). ontroller aseve unda aRniSnos, rom aqti exeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebas mxolod im SemTxvevebSi, roca: 1. monacemTa makontrolebelidafuZnebulia safrangeTis teritoriaze; 2. Tu ar aris dafuZnebuli arcsafrangeTis da arc evrokavSiris wevri sxva saxelmwifos teritoriaze,magram iyenebs damuSavebis saSualebebs, romlebic lokalizebuliasafrangeTis teritoriaze.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis pirobebisafrangeTSi mkacradaa gansazRvruliimpirobebisdetaluriCamonaTvali,im romelic aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom SesaZlebeli iyos <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba. kerZod, 1. monacemi mopovebuli da damuSavebulunda iqnes keTilsindisierad da kanonierad; 2. monacemi mopovebul undaiqnes gansazRvruli, eqsplicituri da legitimuri miznisaTvis; 3. isiniunda iyos adekvaturi, relevanturi da ara gadaWarbebuli im mizanTanmimarTebiT, romlisTvisac xdeba maTi damuSaveba; 4. isini unda iyoszusti (namdvili), sruli da, roca saWiroa, ganaxlebuli (kept ptodate up-to-date). ptodateSesabamisi nabijebi unda gadaidgas, raTa waiSalos an Seswordes arazustida arasruli monacemi; 5. monacemebi Senaxuli unda iqnes im saxiT, rommonacemis subieqtis identificirebis saSualeba SesaZlebeli iyos imdrois ganmavlobaSi, romelic ar aRemateba periods, romelic saWiroa immiznisaTvis, risTvisac xdeba am monacemis damuSaveba. 40<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmoba<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis damuSavebisaTvis aucilebelia arsebobdesmonacemis subieqtis Tanxmoba. Tumca, aqtiT aseve dadgenilia isgaremoebebi, rodesac monacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia subieqtisTanxmobis gareSec. kerZod, 1. samarTlebrivi valdebulebis Sesruleba,romlis mxaresac warmoadgens monacemis subieqti; 2. monacemis subieqtissicocxlis <strong>dacva</strong>; 3. sajaro momsaxurebis davalebis Sesruleba, romelicdavalebuli hqonda monacemis makontrolebels an monacemis mimRebs; 4.kontraqtis Sesruleba, romlis mxarecaa monacemis subieqti; 5. monacemismakontroleblis an monacemis mimRebis samarTlebrivi interesi, Tu es ar40Act n°78-17 of 6 January 1978 on Data Processing, Data Files and Individual Liberties; article 6
49iqneba SeuTavsebeli monacemis subieqtis interesebTan an fundamenturuflebebTan da TavisuflebebTan. 41mgrZnobiare gansakuTrebuli (gansakuTrebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>afrangeTSi gansxvavebuli reJimi moqmedebs iseT personalurmonacemebTan dakavSirebiT, romelic aaSkaravebs pirdapir an arapirdapirpirovnebis rasobriv an eTnikur sawyisebs, politikur, religiur,filosofiur Tu savaWro kavSirisadmi kuTvnilebas an romlebic exebapiris janmrTelobis mdgomareobas an sqesobriv cxovrebas. zogadad,aseTi saxis monacemTa Segroveba da damuSaveba akrZalulia. 42Tumca, am saerTo wesidan arsebobs gamonaklisi, kerZod, akrZalva armoqmedebs im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac:1. arsebobs subieqtis Tanxmoba. zogierTi kanoniT gansazRvrulSemTxvevaSi, subieqtis Tanxmobamac ki, SeiZleba ver moxsnas akrZalva;2. exeba adamianis sicocxlis <strong>dacva</strong>s da subieqts ar SeuZlia Tanxmobismicema qmeduunarobis an fizikuri SeuZleblobis gamo;3. monacemis mopoveba xdeba asociaciis an sxva ara mogebaze orientirebulireligiuri, filosofiuri, politikuri an savaWro kavSiris mier.aRniSnuli monacemi unda exebodes aseTi organizaciis wevrs da ar undaxdebodes misi mesame pirisaTvis gadacema, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesacsubieqti acxadebs Tanxmobas;4. exeba iseT personalur monacems, romelic subieqtma sajaro gaxada;5. exeba iseT monacems, romelic saWiroa samarTlebrivi sarCelisdasafuZneblad, gansaxorcieleblad an dasacavad;6. exeba iseT personalur monacems, romelic saWiroa samedicino-prevenciuli, samedicino diagnozis an jandacvis momsaxurebisorganizebisaTvis da romlis damuSavebac xorcieldeba iseTi piris mier,romelic SeboWilia konfidencialurobis valdebulebiT;7. monacemis damuSaveba xdeba statistikuri <strong>monacemebis</strong> institutismier;8. <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi gaxdeba anonimuri.sxva saxis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebasafrangeTis aqti aseve moicavs debulebas personalur monacemTadamuSavebaze _ eleqtronuli wesiT. aRniSnuli debulebis Tanaxmad,rodesac personalur monacemTa mopoveba xdeba eleqtronulisertificirebis momsaxurebis provaideris mier sertifikatebis gadacemisda Senaxvis mizniT, rac dakavSirebulia eleqtronul xelmowerasTan,<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis Segroveba unda moxdes pirdapir monacemis41Act n°78-17 of 6 January 1978 on Data Processing, Data Files and Individual Liberties; article 742Act n°78-17 of 6 January 1978 on Data Processing, Data Files and Individual Liberties; article 8
50subieqtisagan da maTi damuSaveba SesaZlebelia mxolod da mxolod immiznebisaTvis, risTvisac isini moipoves (es wesi ar moqmedebs, rodesacarsebobs monacemis subieqtis Tanxmoba).aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom safrangeTSi gansxvavebuli reJimi moqmedebsim monacemebTan mimarTebiT, romlebic muSavdeba samedicino kvlevismizniT, aseve, samedicino monacemebTan dakavSirebiT, romlebicmuSavdeba Sefasebis, analizis an prevenciis mizniT, aseve im personalurmonacemebTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic muSavdeba Jurnalisturi,literaturuli da samxatvro gamoxatvis mizniT. magaliTad, rodesacmonacemTa damuSaveba xdeba samedicino kvlevis miznebisaTvis, igiwarmoadgens gamonakliss Setyobinebis valdebulebisagan da asevemonacemTa makontroleblis valdebulebisagan uzrunvelyos monacemTasubieqti garkveuli informaciiT. aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom individebiromlisganac mopovebul iqna monacemebi an romelTa monacemebic iqnagadacemuli, unda iyvnen informirebulni individualurad gadasacemiinformaciis bunebis Sesaxeb, monacemTa damuSavebis miznebis Sesaxeb, imindividebis an organizaciebis Sesaxeb, visTvisac <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemigaxdeba cnobili da a. S. 43aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis Senaxvis vadaze limiti,akrZalva iseTi <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisa, romelic aaSkaravebs pirdapiran arapirdapir piris religiur, filosofiur Sexedulebebs, mis rasobrivda eTnikur warmomavlobas, an exeba mis sqesobriv cxovrebas, akrZalvaim personalur monacemebTan dakavSirebiT, romelic exeba danaSaulisCadenas, valdebuleba monacemis damuSavebis win Setyobinebis gagzavnisa,ar moqmedebs im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebaxdeba literaturisa da artistuli gamoxatvis da, aseve, profesiuliJurnalistikis miznebisaTvis. 44komisia - safrangeTSi personalur monacemTa damuSavebas zedamxedvelobs komisia(THE TE TE TE TE TE DE E E E E E E TE TE TIQUE TE TE TE TE TE TE ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET E E E E E E E E E E E E E ET ET ET ETÉS). ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ET komisiisZiriTad daniSnulebas warmoadgens, Seatyobinos monacemTa subieqtebsda monacemTa makontroleblebs maTi uflebebis Sesaxeb da, aseve,uzrunvelyos, rom personalur monacemTa damuSaveba mimdinareobdesaRniSnuli aqtis debulebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. Sesabamisad, komisiasgaaCnia erTgvari zedamxedvelobis funqcia.aRniSnuli komisia Sedgeba 17 wevrisagan: 2 nacionaluri asambleis wevrida 2 _ senatis, daniSnuli asambleisa da senatis mier; 2 ekonomikuri dasocialuri sabWos wevri, arCeuli am organos mier; 2 wevri safrangeTisumaRlesi administraciuli sasamarTlos yofili wevrebidan, arCeulimisi asambleis mier; 2 wevri umaRlesi sasamarTlos yofili wevrebidan.43Act n°78-17 of 6 January 1978 on Data Processing, Data Files and Individual Liberties; article 57.44Act n°78-17 of 6 January 1978 on Data Processing, Data Files and Individual Liberties; article 67.
51rodesac xdeba personalur monacemTa avtomaturi damuSaveba, amis Sesaxebunda ecnobos komisias, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemi exeba politikur, samedicino, sqesobrivi cxovrebis monacemsda sxv. aqti aseve miuTiTebs im SemTxvevebze, rodesac ar aris saWirowinaswari Setyobineba, magaliTad, rodesac damuSavebis erTaderTimizania kanonis da wesebis Sesabamisad registris Senaxva eqskluziuradsajaro informaciisaTvis da romelic Riaa yvelasaTvis da sxva.komisiisaTvis gagzavnili Setyobineba unda moicavdes valdebulebas, rommonacemTa damuSaveba mimdinareobdes kanonis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad.Setyobineba SesaZlebelia gaegzavnos komisias eleqtronulad.Setyobineba unda moicavdes: 1. monacemTa makontroleblis misamarTsada identurobas; 2. damuSavebis mizans an miznebs; 3. monacemis subieqtTakategoriebs, romelsac ukavSirdeba damuSaveba; 4. damuSavebuliinformaciis Senaxvis periods; 5. departaments an departamentebs,romlebic pasuxismgebelni arian damuSavebaze; 6. uflebamosil mimReb anmimRebTa kategorias, romelTaTvisac <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi SeiZlebagaxdes aSkara; 7. miRebul zomebs, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnes <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> da damuSavebis usafrTxoeba.Setyobinebis miRebis Semdeg komisiam unda gagzavnos dasturi dagvianebisgareSe da aplikants SeuZlia, daiwyos monacemTa damuSaveba, rodesacmiiRebs dasturs.aseve, unda aRiniSnos, rom Setyobinebis valdebulebis SemsubuqebismizniT, personalur monacemTa damuSavebis yvelaze saerTo kategoriebTandakavSirebiT, romlebic, savaraudod, ar warmoadgenen TavisuflebaTada <strong>personaluri</strong> cxovrebis darRvevas, komisia adgens da aqveynebsstandartebs. aRniSnuli standartebi gansazRvraven gamartivebuliSetyobinebiT mocul damuSavebis miznebs, personalur monacemebs an<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategoriebs, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtsan <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis kategoriebs, mimRebs an mimRebTakategoriebs, romelTaTvisac <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi SesaZlebeliagaxdes aSkara, periods, romlis ganmavlobaSic <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebiiqneba Senaxuli.komisias SeuZlia, gamoiyenos garkveuli saxis sanqciebi Tavisifunqciebis Sesasruleblad. kerZod, mas SeuZlia, gaafrTxilos monacemismakontrolebeli, Seasrulos valdebulebebi, aseve, SeuZlia, ubrZanos mas,Sewyvitos darRveva drois im limitSi, rasac gansazRvravs. im SemTxvevaSi,Tu monacemTa makontrolebeli ar daemorCileba mas, komisias ufleba aqvs,samarTliani proceduris Sesabamisad, daawesos: 1. finansuri sasjeli;2. akrZalva (an injunction) - Sewyvitos damuSaveba. komisias aseve SeuZlia,gadaudebel SemTxvevebSi, rodesac personalur monacemTa damuSavebamda damuSavebulis gamoyenebam SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios uflebaTa daTavisuflebaTa darRveva, gamoitanos gadawyvetileba damuSavebismaqsimum 3 TviT Sewyvetis Sesaxeb an garkveuli damuSavebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong>araumetes 2 TviT dablokvis Sesaxeb.
52monacemTa makontrolebeli da <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemis subieqtisafrangeTis aqtiT gansazRvrulia monacemTa makontroleblisvaldebulebebi. monacemTa makontrolebeli valdebulia, miawodosmonacemTa subieqts, romlisganac miiReba <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi.es informacia moicavs: 1. monacemis makontroleblisa da misiwarmomadgenlis identurobas; 2. damuSavebis miznebs; 3. monacemis mimRebs;4. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mizanmimarTul gadacemas evrokavSirisarawevri saxelmwifoebisTvis da sxv. 45aseve, unda aRiniSnos, rom, rodesac personalur monacemTa mopoveba xdebaara monacemis subieqtisagan, monacemTa makontrolebeli valdebulia,Seatyobinos zemoaRniSnuli informacia monacemis subieqts monacemTaCaweris dros an, Tu gaTvaliswinebulia monacemTa mesame mxarisaTvisgamJRavneba, araugvianes monacemTa gamJRavnebamde.monacemTa makontrolebelma unda uzrunvelyos monacemTa usafrTxoebada ar dauSvas maTi Secvla da dazianeba, aseve, araavtorizirebuli mesamemxaris mier xelmisawvdomoba.aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom rodesac monacemTa damuSavebas awarmoebsdammuSavebeli, mas ufleba aqvs, daamuSaos monacemebi mxolod damxolod monacemTa makontroleblis instruqciebis Sesabamisad.dammuSaveblis valdebulebebi monacemTa usafrTxoebis <strong>dacva</strong>sa dakonfidencialurobasTan dakavSirebiT ganisazRvreba kontraqtiTdammuSavebelsa da monacemTa makontrolebels Soris.yvela fizikur pirs aqvs ufleba, legitimur safuZvelze dayrdnobiT, uariganacxados masze monacemis damuSavebaze anda monacemis gamoyenebaze.fizikur pirs ufleba aqvs, Seityos informacia monacemTamakontroleblisagan, muSavdeba Tu ara masze monacemebi, informacia,romelic ukavSirdeba damuSavebis miznebs, dasamuSavebeli <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> kategoriebs, mimRebs da mimRebTa kategoriebs, romelTaTvisacmonacemebi SesaZlebelia cnobili gaxdes, informacia <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemis ara evrokavSiris wevri-saxelmwifosaTvis gadacemis Sesaxeb,informacia monacemis warmomavlobaze. 46nebismier individs aqvs ufleba, sTxovos monacemTa makontrolebels,Seasworos, waSalos, ganaaxlos an dablokos masTan dakavSirebuli<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi, romelic aris arasruli, orazrovani, andaromelTa Segroveba, gamoyeneba da gamJRavneba akrZalulia. aseve, undaaRiniSnos, rom davis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, mtkicebis tvirTi akisriamakontrolebels, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac dadgenilia, rommonacemi, romelsac exeba dava, gamJRavnebuli iyo Tavad subieqtis mier anmisi TanxmobiT.45dawvrilebiT ixileT Act n°78-17 of 6 January 1978 on Data Processing, Data Files and Individual Liberties;article 32.46Act n°78-17 of 6 January 1978 on Data Processing, Data Files and Individual Liberties; article 39.
53personalur monacemTa gadacema mesame,araevrokavSiris wevrisaxelmwifosaTviswevri-saxelmwifosaTviswevrisaxelmwifosaTvismonacemTa makontrolebels ufleba ar aqvs, gadasces <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi saxelmwifos, romelic ar aris evrogaerTianebis wevri, Tuam saxelmwifos ar gaaCnia Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo baza individTa<strong>personaluri</strong> cxovrebis, Tavisuflebebisa da fundamenturi uflebebisdacvis Sesaxeb personalur monacemTa damuSavebasTan mimarTebiT. dacvisSesabamisi done ganisazRvreba saxelmwifoSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT.aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom monacemTa makontrolebels SeuZlia, gadascessaxelmwifos, romelic ar akmayofilebs zemoaRniSnul kriteriums,<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi im SemTxvevaSi, Tu arsebobs monacemis subieqtisTanxmoba an Tu gadacema aucilebelia: 1. monacemis subieqtis sicocxlisdasacavad; 2. sajaro interesis dasacavad; 3. valdebulebis Sesabamisad,romelic uzrunvelyofs samarTlebrivi saCivris ganxorcielebas,dafuZnebas an <strong>dacva</strong>s; 4. monacemis makontrolebelsa da monacemis subieqtsSoris arsebuli kontraqtis Sesasruleblad; 5. kontraqtis dasadebadan Sesasruleblad, romelic Sedis monacemis subieqtis interesebSimonacemis makontrolebels da mesame mxares Soris.
54holandiaholandiaSi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis sfero regulirdeba SemdegisamarTlebrivi baziT: Databased at act(1999), at 2000 wlis kanoniT “<strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb”, romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2001 wels. Cveniiteresis sagans warmoadgens es ukanaskneli, rogorc <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisuflebebis dacvis Zlieri meqanizmi <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis dagamoyenebis procesSi.aRniSnuli aqtis mixedviT:<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi ewodeba: nebismieri tipis informaciasidentificirebul an identificirebad fizikur pirze;<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis (Processing) procesSi igulisxmeba:<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, Cawera, gadakeTeba, Secvla, Sesworeba, Senaxva,gamoyeneba, blokireba, waSla, ganadgureba, gavrceleba an sxvagvaradxelmisawvdomoba.pasuxismgebeli mxare ewodeba: fizikur pirs an organos, romelicdamoukideblad an sxvasTan kavSirSi gansazRvravs <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis kanonier miznebs da misi mopovebis kanonier saSualebebs.<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti ewodeba: fizikur pirs, romelzec xdeba <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopoveba.dammuSavebeli ewodeba (processor) fizikur pirs an organos, romelicaxorcielebs <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas, damuSavebas dagamoyenebas <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis saxeliT.mesame mxare ewodeba: nebismier pirs an mxares (garda <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisa, pasuxismgebeli mxarisa da <strong>monacemebis</strong>dammuSaveblisa (processor), romelic dakavSirebulia <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis,damuSavebis da gamoyenebis procesTan.mimRebi ewodeba: nebismier pirs an organos, romelsac SeiZleba gaegzavnosmopovebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis TanxmobaSi igulisxmeba: <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis Tavisufal nebaze dayrdnobiT gamoxatuli Tanxmoba,Zaldatanebis gareSe.monacemTa dacvis komisia (data protetion protection protetion oission oission commission) oission oission aris organo, romelicaxorcielebs kontrols <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisa da dacvismTlian procesze.monacemTa dacvis oficeri ewodeba fizikur pirs, romelic aseveaxorcielebs kontrols <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisa da dacvisprocesze.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebakanoni, Zalian mkacrad gansazRvravs im SemTxvevebs, roca SesaZlebeliaam kanonze dayrdnobiT <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesis
55dawyeba. aqve calsaxad aRniSnavs, rom <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisdawyebis aucilebel winapirobas warmoadgens <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisudavo Tanxmoba, xolo, im SemTxvevaSi, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts jerar miuRwevia 16 wlis asakisaTvis, imyofeba kanonier patimrobaSi anmzrunvelobis qveS, aRniSnuli procesis dasawyebad aucilebelia misikanonieri warmomadgenlis Tanxmoba. <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts an mis kanonierwarmomadgenels nebismier dros SeuZliaT, uari ganacxadon ukve gacemulTanxmobaze <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> SegrovebasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu maTamisTvis gaaCniaT safuZvliani mizezi.kanoni cal-calke aregulirebs ZiriTadi (general) da gansakuTrebulikategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis kanonier miznebsa dasaSualebebs. Tumca, orive SemTxvevaSi, <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis mizani undaiyos specifikuri, zustad ganmartebuli da kanonieri iseve, rogorc misimopovebis meTodebi: zomieri, frTxili da kanonis Sesabamisi.ZiriTadi kategoriis (general) <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi SeiZleba mopovebuliqnes Semdeg SemTxvevebSi:1. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis udavo Tanxmobisas;2. xelSekrulebiT an kontraqtiT aRebuli valdebulebisgansaxorcieleblad, romlis erT-erT mxares warmoadgens <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti, an iseT SemTxvevaSi, roca <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopoveba aucilebelia kontraqtis an xelSekrulebis dasadebad;3. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba aucilebelia <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtissasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad;4. <strong>monacemebis</strong> Segroveba aucilebelia pasuxismgebeli mxaris,administraciuli organos an mesame mxaris kanoniT dakisrebulivaldebulebebis gansaxorcieleblad, Tu amiT ar irRveva adamianisZiriTadi uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi.gansakuTrebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebagansakuTrebuli kategoriis personalur monacemebs miekuTvnebamonacemebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia: fizikuri piris rasobriv daeTnikur warmomavlobasTan, mis religiur da filosofiur mrwamsTan,politikur SexedulebebTan, janmrTelobasTan, sqesobriv cxovrebasTan,savaWro kavSirisadmi kuTvnilebasTan. garda amisa, gansakuTrebulikategoriis personalur monacemebs miekuTvneba sisxlissamarTlebrivdanaSaulSi an ukanono qmedebaSi braldebuli piris Sesaxeb <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> Segroveba.rogorc kanonidan Cans, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dayofa ZiriTad (general)da gansakuTrebul kategoriebad ganapiroba iman, rom am kanoniT (gardagamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa) akrZalulia pirze gansakuTrebuli kategoriis<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba.iseTi gansakuTrebuli saxis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> Segroveba, romelicexeba piris religiur da filosofiur Sexedulebebs, SesaZlebelia maSin,roca:
561. amas moiTxovs eklesiuri gaerTianebebi (church associations) an religiurprincipebze dafuZnebuli kavSirebi, romlebic amtkiceben, rom<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti, romelzec xdeba zemoT aRniSnuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, maTi kavSiris an asociaciis wevria.2. aRniSnuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvsreligiuri an filosofiuri institutebis ganviTarebisaTvis da maTimiznebisa da amocanebis ganxorcielebisaTvis.3. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba aucilebelia, roca romelime religiuriinstituti amtkicebs, rom <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas gadamwyveti mniSvnelobaaqvs <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis sulieri keTildReobisTvis.aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom gamonakliss SemTxvevebSi mopovebuligansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemadauSvebelia uSualod <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis aSkarad gamoxatuliTanxmobis gareSe.iseTi gansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba,romelic dakavSirebulia individis eTnikur warmomavlobasTan, akrZalvismiuxedavad, SesaZlebelia maSin, roca: am kategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebawarmoadgens <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis identifikaciis erTaderT saSualebasan aucilebelia iseTi piris identifikaciisaTvis, romelic miekuTvnebaiSviaTi kategoriis eTnikur an kulturul umciresobas.piris politikur SexedulebebTan dakavSirebiT, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>Segroveba, rogorc gamonaklisi, SesaZlebelia, Tu amas iTxoven politikurprincipebze dafuZnebuli politikuri institutebi an gaerTianebebi maTikavSiris wevrebTan mimarTebiT da asabuTeben, rom aRniSnuli informaciismopoveba aucilebelia maTi institutebisa da gaerTianebebis miznebisa daamocanebis gansaxorcieleblad.pirze iseTi kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, romelicdakavSirebulia mis savaWro kavSirisadmi kuTvnilebasTan, SesaZlebelia,roca amas iTxovs savaWro kavSiri an savaWro kavSiris federacia maTiwevrebis Sesaxeb da asabuTeben, rom aRniSnuli informaciis mopovebaaucilebelia maTi funqciebisa da amocanebis ganxorcielebisa daganviTarebisaTvis.piris janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb informaciis mopovebaSesaZlebelia, roca amas moiTxoven samedicino dawesebulebebida sadazRvevo kompaniebi, <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis janmrTelobismdgomareobis gaumjobesebis, maTi sasicocxlo amocanebisa da funqciebisganxorcielebis, profesiuli da praqtikuli ganviTarebis mizniT.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba pirze, romelic braldebuliasisxlissamarTlebrivdanaSaulSi(gamonaklisissaxiT)SesaZlebelia:rocasaxiT) SesaZlebelia: rocaamas axorcielebs kanoniT uflebamosili organo an pasuxismgebeli mxarepoliciis registris aqtsa (polie registers act) at at at at da sasamarTlo dokumentaciazedayrdnobiT. pasuxismgebeli mxare uflebamosilia, moipovos aRniSnulikategoriis monacemebi maSin, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba pirdapir kavSirSiamisi am aqtiT miniWebuli valdebulebis efeqturad ganxorcielebasTan.
57aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom, gansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis SemTxvevaSi, misi gadacema mesame pirisa andainteresebuli organizaciisaTvis SesaZlebelia mxolod da mxolodaRniSnuli kategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis aSkarad gamoxatuliTanxmobis SemTxvevaSi.unda aRiniSnos agreTve, rom zogadi akrZalva gansakuTrebulikategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebasTan dakavSirebiT aseve ar moqmedebs,Tu: 1. subieqtma ganacxada Tanxmoba; 2. subieqtma monacemi aSkarad gaxadasajaro; 3. aucilebelia samarTlis uflebis dafuZnebis, ganxorcielebisan dacvisaTvis; 4. aucilebelia saerTaSoriso sajaro samarTlisvaldebulebis Sesasruleblad; 5. aucilebelia sajaro interesisgadmosaxedidan, rodesac, Sesabamisad, uzrunvelyofilia individualuri<strong>personaluri</strong> cxovrebis dacvis garantia kanoniT an monacemTa dacviskomisia uzrunvelyofs mas gamonaklisis saxiT.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, aqtSi mocemuli specifikuri miznebis(istoriuli, samecniero da statistikuri) misaRwevad, SesaZlebelia:roca samecniero kvleva emsaxureba sazogadoebis sajaro interesebs,roca arsebobs sakmarisi garantia imisa, rom istoriuli, samecniero dastatistikuri miznebisaTvis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesiwarimarTeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis ZiriTadi uflebebisa damaT Soris sakuTrebis uflebis gaTvaliswinebiT da dacviT.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis wesi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba dauSvebelia im SemTxvevaSi, rocaarsebobs eWvi imisa, rom <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis realuri mizezi aSkaradSeusabamoa kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul miznebTan. aRniSnuli eWvisSemTxvevaSi, pasuxismgebeli mxare valdebulia, gaakeTos angariSi (account),sadac naTlad unda iqnes ganmartebuli: urTierTdamokidebuleba<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis realur mizansa da kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulmizans Soris (Tu igi bundovania), mosapovebeli <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategoria,<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis xerxebi da saSualebebi da <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebiswyaro.personalur monacemTa damuSaveba dauSvebelia, rodesac damuSavebaewinaaRmdegeba konfidencialurobis valdebulebasTanamdebobrivimdgomareobidan, profesiidan an kanonis debulebidan gamomdinare.dauSvebelia mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> imaze metxans Senaxva, racaucilebelia konkretuli miznis misaRwevad, Tumca, kanonSi araferianaTqvami drois arc minimalur da arc maqsimalur xangrZlivobaze. kanoniaqve iZleva gamonaklis SemTxvevas, roca monacemebi SeiZleba Senaxuliqnes imaze didxans, vidre kanoniT aris dadgenili, roca misi Senaxvaaucilebelia istoriuli, statistikuri da samecniero kvlevisTvis. esis SemTxvevaa, roca pasuxismgebeli piri valdebulia, misces garantia<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts, rom Senaxuli monacemebi gamoyenebuliiqneba mxolod specialuri miznis misaRwevad (istoriuli, statistikurida samecniero).
58pasuxismgebeli mxare valdebulia, uzrunvelyos mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong>saimedod Senaxva, gaataros yvela saWiro RonisZieba, raTa Tavidan aicilos<strong>monacemebis</strong> dakargva, ganadgureba an nebismieri ukanono qmedeba, ramacSeiZleba ziani miayenos personalur monacemebs an <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts(dawvrilebiT ixileT me-4 Tavi).monacemTa dacvis komisiis Setyobineba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesis dasawyebad erT-erTaucilebel winapirobas warmoadgens zedamxedveli komisiis (data protetion protection protetioncommission) miermonacemTadacvisoficrisaTvisSetyobinebisvaldebulebamonacemTa oficrisaTvis valdebulebaprocesis dawyebamde _ monacemTa mopovebis procesis dawyebasTandakavSirebiT. Setyobinebis valdebuleba ekisreba pasuxismgebel mxaresan mis warmomadgenels da igi iseve aucilebelia, rogorc <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis Tanxmoba procesis dasawyebad.Setyobineba unda Seicavdes:1. pasuxismgebeli mxaris saxelsa da misamarTs, romlis SecvlisSemTxvevaSi, cvlilebis Sesaxeb Setyobineba unda gaigzavnos araugvianeserTi kvirisa;2. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis mizans an miznebs;3. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis vinaobas;4. mosapovebeli <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategorias;5. mimRebTa kategorias an kategoriebs, visTvisac monacemebi SesaZloagaxdes cnobili (xelmisawvdomi);6. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis gegmas, misi mopovebis xerxebs da saSualebebs.Setyobineba aucileblad saWiroebs registracias, romlis valdebulebaekisreba Setyobinebis mimReb mxares. Setyobinebis valdebuleba arekisreba pasuxismgebel mxares maSin, roca saqme exeba:1. saxelmwifo uSiSroebas;2. sisxlissamarTlebrivi danaSaulis prevencias (Tavidan acilebas);3. saxelmwifo organoebis an sxva sajaro dawesebulebebis mniSvnelovaniekonomikuri da finansuri interesebis ganxorcielebas;4. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis an sxva nebismieri piris uflebebisada Tavisuflebebis <strong>dacva</strong>s.pasuxismgebeli mxare valdebulia, aseve moaxdinos <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisSetyobineba, masze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesis dawyebasTandakavSirebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis pirvelwyarosuSualod <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti warmoadgens.Setyobineba unda Seicavdes:a) informacias mosapovebeli <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategoriasTan dakavSirebiT.
59b) <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis kanonier mizans an miznebs.g) <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis xerxebs da saSualebebs.d) <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis wyaros.e) mimRebTa kategoriebs, visTvisac monacemebi SeiZleba gaxdes cnobili.Setyobinebis valdebuleba ar ekisreba <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebelsmaSin, roca:1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti ukve informirebulia masze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis,damuSavebis da gamoyenebis procesis da miznebis Sesaxeb.2. Setyobineba safrTxes Seuqmnis pasuxismgebeli mxaris saqmianobas<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesSi.3. Setyobinebis Sedegad, SesaZloa ziani miadges sazogadoebis sajarointeresebs an saxelmwifo uSiSroebas.monacemTa subieqtis uflebebigarda amisa, pasuxismgebeli mxare ar aris valdebuli, moaxdinos<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis informireba <strong>monacemebis</strong> SegrovebisprocesTan dakavSirebiT, Tu <strong>monacemebis</strong> Segroveba aucilebeliasamecniero kvlevis an statistikuri miznebisaTvis.<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis erT-erT mniSvnelovan uflebas warmoadgens,iyos informirebuli (information provided) yvela im qmedebis Sesaxeb,romelic dakavSirebulia masze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesTan, rasac,Tavis mxriv, Seesabameba, pasuxismgebeli mxaris valdebuleba, 4 kvirisganmavlobaSi werilobiTi formiT acnobos mas nebismieri wvrilmani,romelic dakavSirebulia aRniSnul sakiTxTan.<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis informireba unda moxdes subieqtis mierwerilobiTi Txovnis safuZvelze (werilobiTi Txovnis ufleba masaqvs gonivruli drois intervalebiT), magram maSin, roca, <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis informireba safrTxes uqmnis: a) <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis mizansan b) mopovebuli informaciis usafrTxoebas, pasuxismgebeli mxare ar arisvaldebuli, miawodos informacia subieqts, magram valdebulia, acnobosmas am gamonaklisis Sesaxeb da miuTiTos kanonis im normaze, romelic ariZleva misTvis informaciis miwodebis SesaZleblobas.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts SeuZlia, mosTxovos pasuxismgebelmxares: Seasworos, Seavsos, waSalos an dablokos yvela is informacia,romelic aris mcdari, arasruli da ararelevanturi im miznis misaRwevad,risTvisac aRniSnuli informacia iqna mopovebuli.pasuxismgebeli mxare, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu moTxovna kanonieria, valdebulia,rac SeiZleba swrafad ganaxorcielos subieqtis survili, xolo misimoTxovnis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, acnobos amis Sesaxeb rogorcsubieqts, ise mesame mxares, romelic uSualod aris dakavSirebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesTan. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti
60sargeblobs kompensaciis uflebiT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu masze <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis, damuSavebis an gamoyenebis procesSi pasuxismgebeli mxarisqmedebis Sedegad seriozuli ziani miadgeba mis kanonier interesebs,romelic gaTvaliswinebuli da daculia am aqtiT. Tavis mxriv,kompensaciis gadaxdis valdebuleba ekisreba pasuxismgebel mxares, gardaim gamonaklisi SemTxvevisa, roca igi daasabuTebs, rom damdgari Sedegi araris gamowveuli misi qmedebiT.gasaCivrebaaRniSnuli kanoni uzrunvelyofs <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisSesaZleblobas, gasaCivrebis gziT daicvas yvela is ufleba, romelsacdarRveulad miiCnevs. subieqts darRveuli uflebis <strong>dacva</strong> SeuZliarogorc ZiriTad administraciul organoSi, ise saolqo sasamarTloSi.saCivris forma aucileblad unda iyos werilobiTi formis, romelicsasamarTlom an administraciulma organom unda ganixilos gasaCivrebidanara ugvianes 6 kviris ganmavlobaSi. sasamarTlo valdebulia, procesisdawyebamde mouwodos mxareebs morigebisken. garda amisa, zedamxedvelikomisia uflebamosilia, iTamaSos mediatoris roli davis mSvidobianadmogvarebis TvalsazrisiT, Tu mas amasTan dakavSirebiT TxovniT mimarTavsdavis romelime mxare. sasamarTlo uflebamosilia, fizikuri pirispeticiis safuZvelze, am kanonis mniSvnelovani debulebis darRvevisaTvis,pasuxismgebel mxares daakisros valdebuleba, rac SeiZleba swrafadmiiRos saWiro zomebi miyenebuli zianis gamosasworeblad. sasamarTlo,ise, rogorc ZiriTadi administraciuli organo, valdebulia, saqmiskursSi Caayenos sazedamxedvelo komisia da yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSigaugzavnon mas miRebuli gadawyvetilebis asli.monacemTa dacvis komisiakontrols <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesze axorcielebsmonacemTa dacvis komisia, anu igive “sazedamxedvelo komisia” (dataprotection commission) da monacemTa dacvis oficeri (data protection officer).sazedamxedvelo komisia Sedgeba: Tavmjdomaris, 2 ZiriTadi wevrisa da2 specialuri wevrisagan. komisiis Tavmjdomares waradgens iusticiisministri, xolo iniSneba samefo brZanebis safuZvelze 6 wlis vadiT.danarCeni wevrebic iniSnebian iusticiis ministris wardginebiT dasamefo brZanebiT 4 wlis vadiT. maTi Tanamdebobidan gaTavisufleba xdebaiusticiis ministris mier.komisias <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesze kontrolis ganxorcielebaSeuZlia ara marto germaniis, aramed holandiis teritoriazec. komisiamisTvis dakisrebuli funqciebis ganxorcielebaSi absoluturaddamoukidebelia. xolo aRniSnuli funqciebi miniWebuli aqvs rogorc amkanoniT, ise sxvadasxva xelSekrulebiT. aqvea mocemuli saTaTbiro organo(advisory board), romelsac waradgens sazedamxedvelo komisia da iniSnebaiusticiis ministris brZanebis safuZvelze.
61mdivani warmoadgens sazedamxedvelo komisiis erT-erT Tanamdebobas,romelic iniSneba da Tavisufldeba iusticiis ministris mier komisiisTavmjdomaris wardginebiT. komisiis Tavmjdomare gansazRvravs komisiissaqmianobis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs, adgens procedurul normebs,romliTac ganisazRvreba komisiis finansuri menejmenti, saTaTbiro dasazedamxedvelo saqmianoba.sazedamxedvelo komisia valdebulia, gaakeTos yovelwliuri angariSi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesebTan dakavSirebiTda gaugzavnos iusticiis ministrsa da monacemTa dacvis oficers.komisia uflebamosilia, rogorc Tavisi kompetenciis farglebSi,ise dainteresebuli piris TxovniT, Caataros gamoZieba <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebasTan dakavSirebiT. komisia valdebulia: gamoZiebisSedegad mopovebuli informacia warudginos dainteresebul mxaresan dainteresebul mxareTa jgufs, moisminos da gaiTvaliswinos maTiSefasebebi, warudginos gamoZiebis Sedegebi iusticiis ministrs.im SemTxvevaSi, roca komisia gamoZiebas awarmoebs dainteresebuli pirisTxovnis safuZvelze, igi valdebulia, uzrunvelyos dainteresebuli pirisinformireba gamoZiebis Sedegad mopovebuli informaciis Taobaze, gardaim gamonaklisisa, roca dainteresebuli piris informireba safrTxesuqmnis <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis miznis miRwevas, an kidev, dainteresebulipiris informireba SesaZloa ar moxdes mimdinare procesis detalebTandakavSirebiT, Tu amiT ziani adgeba nebismier sxva fizikuri pirisinteresebs pasuxismgebeli mxaris CaTvliT.zemoT aRniSnul garemoebaTa arsebobis dros, roca komisias ara aqvsufleba, saqmis kursSi Caayenos dainteresebuli piri, igi valdebulia,gaugzavnos mas axsna-ganmarteba aRniSnulis Sesaxeb.komisiisa da misi wevrebis pirdapir movaleobas warmoadgenszedamxedvelobis ganxorcieleba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtissaCivris uzrunvelyofaze. komisia valdebulia, gauwios daxmarebaevrokavSiris nebismieri wevri-saxelmwifos makontrolebel organos anmis warmomadgenels Tavisi funqciebis efeqturad ganxorcielebaSi.rac Seexeba monacemTa dacvis oficers, es aris <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis procesSi pasuxismgebeli mxaris an organizaciis (organizacia,romelTanac uSualod aris dakavSirebuli pasuxismgebeli mxare) mierdaniSnuli fizikuri piri, romelsac gaaCnia Sesabamisi ganaTlebada gamocdileba dakisrebuli movaleobebis gansaxorcieleblad.pasuxismgebeli mxare da organizacia valdebulia, daasabuTos, rom maTmier daniSnuli oficeri namdvilad imsaxurebs ndobas dakisrebulimovaleobebis gansaxorcieleblad. pasuxismgebeli mxare uflebamosilia,gaacnos monacemTa dacvis oficers saqmis viTareba <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisprocesis sworad warmarTvis mizniT.oficeri valdebulia, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis TxovnisSesabamisad, konfidencialurad (saidumlod) moaxdinos masze mopovebulimonacemis Senaxva. oficeri uflebamosilia, misces rekomendaciapasuxismgebel mxares <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> procesis gaumjobesebis da
62ukeT warmarTvis mizniT, garda amisa, uflebamosilia, gauwios kontroli<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis process Tavisi kompetenciisfarglebSi, romelic miniWebuli aqvs am aqtiT. oficeri valdebulia,gaakeTos yovelwliuri moxseneba Tavisi saqmianobis Sesaxeb.pasuxismgebloba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis darRvevisTvisaRniSnuli kanoni iTvaliswinebs pasuxismgeblobis 3 saxes:1. administraciuli jarima;2. administraciuli patimroba;3. sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba;zedamxedveli komisia uflebamosilia, aqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli dadakisrebuli valdebulebebis ukeT ganxorcielebis mizniT, gamoiyenospasuxismgeblobis iseTi saxeebi, rogoricaa: administraciuli jarima daadministraciuli patimroba, romlis dakisreba xdeba uSualod komisiisgadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, Tu pasuxismgebeli mxare daarRvevsaRniSnuli aqtis SedarebiT msubuqi xasiaTis normebs, magaliTad,rogoricaa Setyobinebis gagzavnis gareSe <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesisdawyeba rogorc avtomaturi, ise araavtomaturi damuSavebisas. komisiavaldebulia, Seiswavlos yoveli konkretuli darRveva da fuladi jarimisdaniSvnis dros gaiTvaliswinos darRvevis xarisxi da xangrZlivoba.jarima gadaxdil unda iqnes araugvianes 6 kvirisa, xolo im SemTxvevaSi,Tu pasuxismgebeli mxare ar gadaixdis mas miTiTebul vadaSi, mas kideverTxel egzavneba Setyobineba jarimis gadaxdis Sesaxeb, romelsac ematebameored gagzavnili Setyobinebis safasuri da romelic unda gadaixadosSetyobinebis gagzavnidan araugvianes 2 kviris ganmavlobaSi. Tu arc 2kviris ganmavlobaSi ar moxda jarimis gadaxda, aRniSnuli piri miecemasamoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobaSi germaniis samoqalaqo kodeqsis meorewignis Sesabamisad. xolo, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu pasuxismgebeli mxare winaswariganzraxvis safuZvelze daarRvevs aqtis mniSvnelovan debulebebs, masSeefardeba sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba araumetes 6 Tvisa.rac Seexeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemis sakiTxs, igi nebadarTuliarogorc evrokavSiris wevri, ise arawevri saxelmwifoebisTvis, risTvisacZalian mkacrad dadgenili procedurebia gansaxorcielebeli.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> sxva saxelmwifosTvis gadacemaam aqtis mixedviT, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema erTi saxelmwifosmier meoresTvis SesaZlebelia im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gadacema ar ewinaaRmdegebakanonis romelime ZiriTad debulebas, <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis nebas da,amasTan, saxelmwifos, romelsac gadaecema monacemebi, gaaCnia <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis da gadacemuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesabamisi meqanizmebi TavisSida kanonmdeblobaSi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, mopovebuli <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> Tavisufali brunva saxelmwifoTa Soris dauSvebelia.
63akrZalvis miuxedavad, kanoni iTvaliswinebs gamonaklis SemTxvevas,roca evrokavSiris arawevr saxelmwifos SeiZleba gadaeces <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi maSinac, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> mimReb saxelmwifos ar gaaCnia dacvisSesabamisi donis kanonmdebloba. es SemTxvevebia:1. roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti iZleva aSkara Tanxmobas, rom moxdes maszemopovebuli informaciis gadacema;2. <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema aRniSnuli saxelmwifosTvis aucilebelia imkontraqtis pirobebis Sesasruleblad, romlis mxares warmoadgens<strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli an <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti.3. aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebelsa da mesame mxares Soriskontraqtis dasadebad an kontraqtis pirobebis gansaxorcieleblad(sadac mesame mxare gamoxatavs <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisinteresebs).4. roca gadacema aucilebelia sajaro interesebis an romelime kanonieriuflebis dasanergad, gansaxorcieleblad an dasacavad.5. roca gadacema aucilebelia <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtissasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad.evrokavSiris im arawevri saxelmwifosTvis <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemissakiTxs, romelsac ar gaaCnia <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis sakanonmdeblo baza,wyvets iusticiis ministri <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebel komisiasTanSeTanxmebiT (iusticiis ministri valdebulia, amis Sesaxeb acnobosevrokavSiris komisias da sabWos da gaugzavnos Sesabamisi Setyobinebamisi gadawyvetilebis Taobaze.
64germaniagermania miekuTvneba im saxelmwifoTa ricxvs, romlebmac ukve moaxdinesevroparlamentisa da evrosabWos 1995 wlis direqtivis implementaciaTavis Sida kanonmdeblobaSi “<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisasfizikur pirTa dacvisa da <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> Tavisufali brunvisSesaxeb”.germaniaSi monacemTa dacvis sfero regulirdeba Semdegi sakanonmdeblobaziT: germaniis 1949 wlis konstituciis me-10 muxli, romliTacuzrunvelyofilia piradi mimoweris, fostisa da telekomunikaciebisuflebis <strong>dacva</strong>, rogorc germaniis moqalaqeTa xelSeuvali ufleba; 2004wlis “kanoni telekomunikaciebis Sesaxeb” da 2001 wlis federalurikanoni “<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb. Cveni interesis sagans,am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, warmoadgens 2001 wlis federaluri aqti“<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb”.aRniSnuli aqti exeba individis piradi cxovrebis uflebis <strong>dacva</strong>s masze<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis da gamoyenebis procesSi.am aqtis safuZvelze, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, damuSaveba dagamoyeneba SeuZliaT:1. germaniis federaciis sajaro organoebs;2. federaciis administraciul-teritoriuli erTeulebis (Länder) sajaroorganoebs, romlebic <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas axorcieleben ara Tavismiwis kanonmdeblobaze dayrdnobiT (Land legislation), aramed federaciiskanonmdeblobis da am aqtis Sesabamisad, sajaro an sasamarTlo organosfunqciebis gansaxorcieleblad, romelic ar moicavs administraciulsakiTxebs.3. germaniis federaciis kerZo organoebs.4. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba am aqtze dayrdnobiT SeuZlebelia, Tu <strong>monacemebis</strong>makontrolebeli dafuZnebulia ara germaniaSi, aramed evrokavSirisromelime wevr-saxelmwifoSi an evropuli ekonomikuri sivrcis sxvaxelSemkvrel saxelmwifoSi, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca mopoveba dadamuSaveba xorcieldeba germaniis teritoriaze.terminTa ganmartebaaRniSnuli aqtis mixedviT, <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi ewodeba nebismieritipis informacias, rogorc pirad ise materialur sakiTxebTandakavSirebuls, romelze dayrdnobiT SesaZlebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisidentifikacia.avtomaturi damuSaveba gulisxmobs <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas, damuSavebasda gamoyenebas <strong>monacemebis</strong> dasamuSavebeli specialuri mowyobilobisgamoyenebiT.<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebaSi (collect) igulisxmeba: <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopoveba uSualod <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisgan.
65<strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebaSi (processing) igulisxmeba: <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba,Cawera, gadakeTeba, Secvla, Sesworeba, Senaxva, gamoyeneba, blokireba,waSla, ganadgureba, gavrceleba an sxvagvarad xelmisawvdomoba.SenaxvaSi igulisxmeba: <strong>monacemebis</strong> Cawera da ise Senaxva, rom SesaZlebeliiyos momavalSi misi damuSaveba da gamoyeneba.SecvlaSi (SesworebaSi) igulisxmeba: ukve mopovebuli, arsebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> Secvla an Sesworeba axali informaciiT.gavrceleba niSnavs informaciis gamxelas an miwodebas mesame pirisa anmesame mxarisTvis.blokirebaSi igulisxmeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> markireba (labeling) ise,rom SesaZlebeli iyos momavalSi misi xelaxla damuSaveba an gamoyeneba.waSla gulisxmobs: arsebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> Senaxvis akrZalvasda ganadgurebas.<strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoyenebaSi (use) igulisxmeba <strong>monacemebis</strong> nebismieri xerxiTda saxiT gamoyeneba, garda xelaxla damuSavebisa (Processing).depersonalizacia (Depersonalization) niSnavs arsebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong>ise Secvlas, rom informacia, romelic dakavSirebuliamis pirad Tumaterialur cxovrebasTan (an sakiTxebTan) aRar iZleva <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis identifikaciis saSualebas.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli ewodeba fizikur pirs anorganos, romelic moipovebs, amuSavebs da iyenebs monacemebs rogorcTavisi, ise im pirebis miznebis da valdebulebebis gansaxorcieleblad,romlebic maTi saxeliT moipoveben da amuSaveben personalur monacemebs.mimRebi ewodeba: nebismier pirs an organos, romelsac SeiZleba gaegzavnosmopovebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi.mesame piri SeiZleba iyos nebismieri piri, garda <strong>monacemebis</strong>makontrolebeli pirisa da organosi.gansakuTrebuli kategoriis personalur monacemebs miekuTvneba monacemebi,romlebic dakavSirebulia piris rasobriv da eTnikur warmomav-lobasTan, religiur da filosofiur, aseve, politikur SexedulebebTan,profesiuli kavSirebisadmi kuTvnilebasTan, janmrTelobis mdgomareobasada sqesobriv cxovrebasTan.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis TanxmobaerT-erT aucilebelelements warmoadgens <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis da gamoyenebisprocesSi. am kanonis mixedviT, individis Tanxmoba aucileblad undaefuZnebodes mis Tavisufal nebas da, rac mTavaria, unda moxdes misisurvilis werilobiTi formiT dadastureba, miTumetes maSin, roca saqmeexeba gansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas.
66<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, damuSaveba da gamoyeneba kanonieriamaSin, roca aRniSnuli procesi mimdinareobs:1. am aqtis safuZvelze.2. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmobis Sesabamisad.3. subieqtis Tanxmobis miuxedavad, roca misi mopoveba aucilebelia,sajaro valdebulebebis gansaxorcieleblad.4. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba SesaZlebelia maSinac ki, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebaSeuZlebelia uSualod <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisgan.5. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba SesaZlebelia maSin, roca aRniSnuli procesismsvlelobisas gamoricxulia, ziani miadges subieqtis uflebebs.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, damuSaveba da gamoyeneba germaniisfederaciis sajaro organoebis mier SesaZlebelia, Tu igi aucilebeliamonacemTa makontroleblis mier Tavisi saqmianobis da am aqtiTgaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad.gansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, damuSavebada gamoyeneba kanonieria, roca, am procesis ganxorcielebaaucilebelia:1. sajaro interesis dasacavad;2. monacemis subieqtma ganacxada Tanxmoba;3. aucilebelia monacemis subieqtis sasicocxlo interesebis dasacavadan mesame mxaris kanonieri interesebis dasacavad, rodesac monacemissubieqts fizikurad an samarTlebrivad ar SeuZlia Tanxmobis gamoxatva.4. monacemi aSkarad iyo ganTavsebuli subieqtis mier sajaro seqtorSi.5. aucilebelia saxelmwifo uSiSroebisaTvis mosalodneli safrTxisTavidan asacileblad.6 aucilebelia saxelmwifo uSiSroebis dasacavad an SesaZlo safrTxisasacileblad, romelic SeiZleba miadges saxelmwifos uSiSroebas.7. aucilebelia prevenciuli medicinis, samedicino diagnozis, samedicinodawesebulebebis momsaxurebisaTvis, rodesac monacemis damuSaveba xdebajandacvis sferoSi moRvawe profesionalebis an sxva piris mier, romlebicaRWurvilni arian konfidencialurobis movaleobiT.8. aucilebelia samecniero an samedicino kvlevis gansaxorcieleblad,rodesac kvlevis proeqtis ganxorcielebas an kvlevis miznebis miRweviserTaderT saSualebas aRniSnuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba ganapirobebs.9. aucilebelia ormxrivi an mravalmxrivi xelSekrulebebiT aRebulivaldebulebebis Sesasruleblad, romelic exeba: federaluri mTavrobismenejmentis kriziss, konfliqtis Tavidan acilebas an arsebuli konfliqtismogvarebas, anda humanitaruli RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebas.
personalur monacemTa Senaxva, modifikacia da gamoyeneba dasaSvebia,rodesac es aucilebelia:a) monacemTa makontroleblis valdebulebis Sesasruleblad; anb) im miznis misaRwevad, risTvisac moxda monacemTa Segroveba.mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> Senaxva, modifikacia da gamoyeneba araim miznisTvis, romlisTvisac damuSavda, aramed sxva miznisTvis,dasaSvebia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac:1. samarTlebrivi aqtebiT daSvebulia;2. arsebobs subieqtis Tanxmoba;3. aSkaraa, rom es monacemi subieqtis interesebis sferoSia da ar arsebobsmizezi, romlis gamoc SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom man SeiZleba Tanxmobazeuari ganacxados;4. monacemis subieqtis mier mowodebuli informaciis Semowmebaaucilebelia, radganac arsebobs eWvi imis Taobaze, rom informaciaarasworia;5. aucilebelia sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebisaTvis an mniSvnelovanisajaro interesis dasacavad;6. aucilebelia samarTlebrivi devnis gansaxorcieleblad,sisxlissamarTlebrivi an administraciulisamarTaldarRvevisSemTxvevaSi, aseve, sasjelis aRsasruleblad;7. aucilebelia, raTa Tavidan iqnes acilebuli sxva piris uflebis uxeSidarRveva;8. aucilebelia samecniero kvlevis, samecnierointeresisgansaxorcieleblad, gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca aRniSnuli miznis miRwevissxva gza ar arsebobs.personalur monacemTa gamxela (gadacema) sajaro organoebisaTvisdasaSvebia:1. gadamcemi organos (communicating body) an mesame mxaris mier aRebulivaldebulebebis gansaxorcieleblad.2. mopovebuli informaciis mesame mxarisaTvis gadacemis valdebulebisuzrunvelsayofad gadamcemi organos mier, mesame mxarisTxovnissafuZvelze, romelic dainteresebulia <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebiT dadaasabuTebs, rom mas gaaCnia <strong>monacemebis</strong> codnis da gadacemis kanonieriinteresi.3. mesame mxarisaTvis gadacemuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> xelaxla damuSavebisda gamoyenebis uzrunvelsayofad. im miznis an miznebis misaRwevad,romlisTvisac mas gadaeca aRniSnuli monacemebi.4. mesame mxaris mier gadacemuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> xelaxla damuSavebisada gamoyenebis uzrunvelsayofad, ara im miznisTvis, romlisTvisacgadaeca, aramed sxva miznebis gansaxorcieleblad, <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisTanxmobis SemTxvevaSi an <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis aSkarad savaraudo67
68Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi, rom scodnoda <strong>monacemebis</strong> xelaxla damuSavebis dagamoyenebis realuri mizezi.5. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba xorcieldeba germaniis federaciis religiurikavSirebisaTvis an religiuri gaerTianebebisaTvis, <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemismizniT, romlebic miekuTvneba germaniis federaciis sajaro organoebs.xolo rac Seexeba arasajaro (kerZo) organoebisaTvis monacemTa gadacemas,dasaSvebia:1. Tu igi aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadamcemi organos (communicatingbody) valdebulebebis gansaxorcieleblad,romelic dakavSirebulia<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebasTan, gamoyenebasa da gadacemasTan.2. mesame mxarisaTvis gadasacemad, romelic daasabuTebs, rom mas gaaCnia<strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemis da codnis kanonieri interesi, xolo <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqti ar aris aseTi gadacemis winaaRmdegi.3. specialuri kategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema ki SesaZlebelia maSin,roca, saqme exeba kanonieri moTxovnis (legal claim) lai lai aRZvras, ganxorcielebasda <strong>dacva</strong>s.4. mesame mxaris mier gadacemuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> xelaxla damuSaveba dagamoyeneba SesaZlebelia mxolod da mxolod im miznisTvis, romlisTvisacgadaeca. sxva miznis misaRwevad gadacemuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba angamoyeneba kerZo organos SeuZlia gadamcemi organos nebarTvis Sedegad.gadamcemi organo valdebulia, acnobos gadacemis Sesaxeb <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqts, garda im gamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa, roca: <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqti ukve informirebulia aRniSnulis Sesaxeb sxva wyaros mier,roca misi Setyobineba safrTxes uqmnis germaniis federaciis saxelmwifouSiSroebas.rac Seexeba, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas, damuSavebas, Senaxvas,modifikacias da gadacemas kerZo organoebis mier, SesaZlebelia:1. kontraqtiT an kvazi-kontraqtuli urTierTobebiTaRebulivaldebulebebis Sesasruleblad, romlis erT-erT mxares<strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqti warmoadgens.2. monacemis makontroleblis kanonieri interesis dasacavad.3. rodesac monacemi zogadad xelmisawvdomia an monacemTa makontrolebelsSeuZlia, kanonierad gamoaqveynos isini, garda im SemTxvevisa, roca<strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoqveyneba ar laxavs subieqtis legitimur interesebs.mopovebuli monacemebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli an gadacemuli iqnes ara imkonkretuli miznisTvis, romlisTvisac daiwyo aRniSnuli procesi, aramedkidev sxva miznebis gansaxorcieleblad da igi CaiTvalos kanonierad, Tu:a) igi saWiroa <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis an mesame mxaris kanonieri interesebisdasacavad.b) erovnuli uSiSroebis an sajaro interesebis uzrunvelsayofad anerovnuli uSiSroebis an sajaro interesebis uzrunvelsayofad andanaSaulis gamosaZieblad.
69g) marketingis miznebisaTvis, bazris kvlevisa da egzitpolebisTvis.e) aucilebelia samecniero kvleviTi institutebis interesebidangamomdinare, roca samecniero kvlevis gansaxorcieleblad ar arsebobssxva gza, garda <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisa.d) mesame mxarisaTvis gadasacemad, romelsac SeuZlia aRniSnuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoyeneba im mizniT, romlisTvisac gadaecema.gansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba damuSavebada gamoyeneba kerZo organoebis mier kanonieria, roca saqme exeba maTbiznes-interesebs, miuxedavad <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmobisa, roca:1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis an mesamemxaris sasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad, magram <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtsfizikurad an samarTlebrivad ar SeuZlia Tanxmobis gacema.2. monacemebi aSkarad sajaro gaxda <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis mier.3. aucilebelia kanonieri moTxovnis dafuZnebis, ganxorcielebis andacvis mizniT da ar arsebobs imis safuZveli, rom <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtsaqvs ufro mniSvnelovani legitimuri interesi.4. aucilebelia samecniero kvlevis gansaxorcieleblad, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopoveba warmoadgens erTaderT saSualebas aRniSnuli kvlevisgansaxorcieleblad.5. prevenciuli medicinis, samedicino diagnozis, jandacvis miznebisaTvis,rodesac monacemebi muSavdeba specialuri samedicino personalisan sxva uflebamosili piris mier, romelic aRWurvilia Sesabamisikonfidencialurobis valdebulebiT.6. mopoveba emsaxureba sazogadoebis sajaro da saxelmwifos uSiSroebisinteresebisaTvis mosalodneli safrTxis Tavidan acilebas.7. danaSaulis gamoZiebas.8. gansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, damuSaveba dagamoyeneba SeuZliaT arasamewarmeo, mogebazearaorientirebul,politikuri, filosofiuri, religiuri da savaWro miznebisaTvis Seqmnilorganizaciebs da kavSirebs, TavianTi organizaciis an kavSiris wevrebsaan maTTan mudmivad kavSirSi myof pirebze, romlebic daasabuTeben, romam kategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs maTimiznebis ganxorcielebisaTvis.maT mier mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema mesame mxarisaTvis SesaZlebeliamxolod da mxolod <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi.monacemTa subieqtis informirebisa daSetyobinebis valdebuleba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisTvis Setyobinebis gagzavna evaleba<strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebels. Setyobinebis mizans warmoadgens, saqmiskursSi Caayenos <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti masze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis,
70damuSavebis da gamoyenebis procesis dawyebasTan dakavSirebiT.Setyobinebis gagzavna unda moxdes aRniSnuli procesis dawyebamde.<strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebels am aqtiT aqvs diskreciuli ufleba, TviTongansazRvros, Tu ra formiT miawodos <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts Setyobineba,romelic aucileblad unda Seicavdes:a) informacias <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis da gamoyenebis procesisdawyebasTan dakavSirebiT.b) <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis vinaobas, saxels da misamarTs.g) <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis da gamoyenebis kanonier mizans anmiznebs.e) mimRebis an mimRebTa kategoriebs, romelTaTvisac monacemebi SesaZloagaxdes xelmisawvdomi.Setyobineba SeiZleba ar gaegzavnos <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts, roca:1. igi ukve informirebulia sxva wyaros mier masze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisprocesis dawyebasTan dakavSirebiT.2. Setyobinebam SesaZloa gamoiwvios zedmeti xarji.3. Setyobineba akrZalulia kanonierad, <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis dagamoyenebis efeqturad gansaxorcieleblad.aseT SemTxvevaSi, <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli valdebulia, gaugzavnossubieqts werilobiTi axsna-ganmarteba da acnobos is mizezi, romlisgamoc ar moxda misi winaswar informireba.garda Setyobinebisa, <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti uflebamosilia, iyosinformirebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis mier yvela im qmedebisSesaxeb, romelic dakavSirebulia masze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebisda gamoyenebis ukve mimdinare procesTan. <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebelivaldebulia, moaxdinos subieqtis informireba mxolod da mxolod misiwerilobiTi Txovnis safuZvelze da ara _ Tavisi iniciativiT. <strong>monacemebis</strong>makontrolebels am aqtiT miniWebuli aqvs diskreciuli ufleba, TviTongansazRvros, Tu ra formiT miawodos <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts aRniSnuliinformacia, romelic aucileblad unda Seicavdes:1. cnobebs <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis kanonieri miznis an miznebis Sesaxeb.2. mosapovebeli <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategorias (miekuTvneba Tu ara igigansakuTrebuli kategoriis monacemebs).3. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis wyaros.4. mimRebis an mimRebTa kategoriebs, visTvisac monacemebi SeiZleba gaxdesxelmisawvdomi.aqti iZleva gamonaklis SemTxvevebs, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeliar aris valdebuli, moaxdinos <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis informaciiTuzrunvelyofa maSin, roca, subieqtis informirebis Sedegad SesaZloaziani miadges:
1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis saqmianobas subieqtze <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis, damuSavebis an gamoyenebis procesSi.2. informirebis Sedegad SesaZloa ziani miadges sazogadoebrivusafrTxoebas, sajaro interesebs, germaniis federaciis saxelmwifouSiSroebas.3. informireba akrZalulia maSin, roca mopovebuli an mosapovebelimonacemebi, kanonis Sesabamisad, konfidencialuria da misi gadacemisSedegad SesaZloa ziani miadges rogorc <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis, ise mesamemxaris kanonier interesebs.am gamonaklisi SemTxvevebis garda, roca sxva mizeziT ar xdeba <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis informireba, subieqti uflebamosilia, daxmarebisaTvismimarTos <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis federalur komisars (federal oissioner commissioner oissioner fordata protetion). protetion). protection).71<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis uflebebiaqti iTvaliswinebs <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis kompensaciiT uzrunvelyofas,romlis valdebuleba ekisreba <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebels im SemTxvevaSi,Tu misi mizeziT ziani miadgeba <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis romelime kanonierinteress <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis da gamoyenebis procesSi.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti uflebamosilia, moiTxovosnebismieri monacemis waSla, Sesworeba an dablokva, Tu mas amisTvisgaaCnia safuZvliani mizezi. monacemis waSla da ganadgureba unda moxdesmaSin, roca mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoyeneba ukve moxda im miznismisaRwevad, risTvisac is iqna mopovebuli an kanoni krZalavs mis Senaxvas.waSlis nacvlad, monacemi SeiZleba daiblokos, roca misi waSlis SedegadSeiZleba ziani miadges <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis kanonier interesebs.monacemi SeiZleba daiblokos, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti davobs, rommonacemi sworia, magram realurad SeuZlebelia arsebuli monacemissisworis dadgena. dablokili monacemebi SeiZleba xelaxla damuSavebuli,gamoyenebuli an gadacemuli iqnes <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmobis gareSeda CaiTvalos kanonierad, roca:1. misi gamoyeneba aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis da mesame mxariskanonieri interesebis dasacavad.2. aRniSnuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> gamoyeneba xdeba mtkicebulebis saxiT.3. misi gamoyeneba aucilebelia samecniero kvlevis miznebisaTvis.<strong>monacemebis</strong> Sesworebis, dablokvis da waSlis Sesaxeb unda ecnobos<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts da mesame mxares, visTvisac monacemebi SesaZloagaxdes xelmisawvdomi.<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis ufleba _ iyos informirebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong>makontroleblis mier masze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis dagamoyenebis procesis msvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT (garda am aqtiTgaTvaliswinebuli gamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa) da moiTxovos araswori an
72arasruli <strong>monacemebis</strong> waSla, ganadgureba an dablokva _ miekuTvneba misxelSeuval uflebas, romlis ukanonod xelyofis SemTxvevaSi, SeuZliadaxmarebisaTvis mimarTos <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis federalur komisars.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis federaluri komisari<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis da gamoyenebis mTlianprocesze meTvalyureoba evaleba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvisfederalur komisars. federaluri komisari unda iyos aranakleb 35 wlisa.aRniSnuli Tanamdeboba arCeviTia. igi airCeva 5 wlis vadiT. sabolood,federalur komisars aRniSnul Tanamdebobaze amtkicebs federaciisprezidenti. igi SeiZleba am Tanamdebobaze arCeul iqnes meore vadiT.federaluri komisari absoluturad damoukidebelia Tavisi funqciebisganxorcielebisas. igi uflebamosilia, monitoringi gauwios federaciissajaro organoebis saqmianobas maT mier <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebisda gamoyenebis procesSi.komisari valdebulia, acnobos monitoringis Sedegebi sajaroorganoebs. garda amisa, igi uflebamosilia misces miTiTebebi,konsultaciebi da warudginos moqmedebis gegma sajaro organoebs,<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis, damuSavebis da gamoyenebis procesis efeqturadwarmarTvisa da gaumjobesebis mizniT. federalur komisars aqvs ufleba,momarTos sasamarTlos saCivriT, Tu aRmoaCens, rom irRveva am aqtisromelime mniSvnelovani debuleba. igi valdebulia, gaakeTos moxsenebarogorc Tavisi saqmianobis, ise mimdinare procesebis Sesaxeb. igiangariSvaldebulia, yovel 2 weliwadSi erTxel wardges parlamentiswinaSe aRniSnuli moxsenebiT.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema sxva saxelmwifoebisTvisrac Seexeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemis sakiTxs, igi nebadarTuliaevrokavSiris rogorc wevri, ise arawevri saxelmwifosTvis. <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmoba saWiroa ara marto <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis procesis dasawyebad, aramed mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> sxvasaxelmwifosaTvis gadasacemad. <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema dauSvebelia:1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmobis gareSe;2. Tu gadacemis Sedegad gardauvalia <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis kanonieriuflebebis da kanonieri interesebisaTvis zianis miyeneba;3. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mimReb saxelmwifos ar gaaCnia <strong>monacemebis</strong> da monacemTasubieqtis dacvis Sesabamisi donis kanonmdebloba.Tumca, aqti iqve iZleva gamonakliss, roca, akrZalvis miuxedavad,SesaZlebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacema evrokavSiris im arawevrisaxelmwifosTvis, romelic ver akmayofilebs gadacemis kanoniT dadgenilkriteriumebs:1. roca subieqti iZleva Tanxmobas.
732. roca gadacema aucilebelia federaciis sajaro organoebis mierxelSekrulebiT aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad.3. ormxrivi an mravalmxrivi xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebulivaldebulebebis gansaxorcieleblad, romelic dakavSirebulia: a)menejmentis krizisis daZlevasTan; b) konfliqtebis Tavidan acilebasa anmogvarebasTan; da g) humanitaruli saqmianobis ganxorcielebasTan.4. gadacema aucilebelia xelSekrulebiT aRebuli valdebulebebisgansaxorcieleblad monacemis subieqtsa da monacemis makontrolebelsSoris.5. gadacema aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebelsa da mesame pirsSoris xelSekrulebis dasadebad an dadebuli xelSekrulebis pirobebisgansaxorcieleblad, sadac mesame piri gamodis <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisinteresebis gasatareblad.6. gadacema aucilebelia sazogadoebis sajaro interesebis da kanoniTgaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebis gansaxorcieleblad.7. gadacema aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis kanonieri interesebisdasacavad.organo, romelic gadascems monacemebs, valdebulia, ganumartos<strong>monacemebis</strong> mimReb organos, rom <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba da gamoyenebaunda moxdes mxolod da mxolod im miznebis Sesabamisad, romlisgansaxorcielebladac moxda misi gadacema.<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Setyobinebis valdebuleba, masze arsebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> sxva saxelmwifosTvis gadacemasTan dakavSirebiT, ekisreba<strong>monacemebis</strong> gadamcem organos. Setyobineba SeiZleba ar gaigzavnosim SemTxvevaSi, roca: a) <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti sxva wyaros mier ukveinformirebulia aRniSnulis Sesaxeb b) roca Setyobineba safrTxes uqmnissazogadoebis sajaro interesebs, germaniis federaciis saxelmwifointeresebs. <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemis kanonierebaze pasuxismgebelia<strong>monacemebis</strong> gadamcemi organo.
74inglisiinglisSi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba regulirdeba 1998 wlismonacemTa dacvis aqtiT (data protetion protection protetion at) at) act). at) at) garda am aqtisa, ingliSi,<strong>monacemebis</strong> regulireba xdeba Semdegi samarTlebrivi aqtebiT: Freedomof nforation nforation Information t(6) Act(2006) t(6) t(6) t(6) Fbli Fbli Fublic Fbli Fbli Fbli Fbli eords eords Records eords eords eords eords eords eords t(195) t(195) t(195) t(195) t(195) Act(1958) t(195) t(195) t(195) t(195) t(195) da dentity Identity Cards t( t( t( Act( t( t( 6) 6) 6) 2006); 6) 6) 6) Cveniinteresis sagans, am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, warmoadgens 1998 wlis aqti<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb, romlis Tanaxmad: <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemi ewodeba, yvela tipis informacias, romelze dayrdnobiTSesaZlebelia individis identifikacia. garda amisa,personalurmonacemad SesaZloa CaiTvalos nebismieri daxasiaTeba an azri, romeliciZleva <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis identifikaciis saSualebas.<strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli ewodeba pirs, romelic damoukidebladan sxva pirTan kavSirSi gansazRvravs: <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebismizans an miznebs da adgens <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis xerxebs da saSualebebs.<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti aris piri, romelzec xdeba <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mompovebeli aris piri, romelic<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas axorcielebs <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblissaxeliT. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesSi igulisxmeba nebismieri tipisoperacia, romelic dakavSirebulia <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebasTan, Cawerasada SenaxvasTan, nebismieri qmedeba, romelic ukavSirdeba:1. informaciis an monacemis organizebas, adaptirebas da Secvlas;2. informaciis an <strong>monacemebis</strong> aRdgenas;3. informaciis an monacemis gaaSkaravebas, gavrcelebas an sxva saSualebebs,romlis meSveobiTac monacemebi gaxdeba xelmisawvdomi;4. monacemis an informaciis regulirebas, kombinacias, dablokvas, waSlasan ganadgurebas.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis 8 ZiriTadi principi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesis efeqturad ganxorcielebisda am procesSi, <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis uflebebis ukeTdacvis mizniT, aqti iZleva rva ZiriTad princips.pirveli principis Tanaxmad: <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi unda iqnesmopovebuli samarTlianad, obieqturad da kanonierad da iqve krZalavs,mgrZnobiare kategoriis (sensitive personal data) <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebas, garda am aqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli gamonaklisi SemTxvevebisa.meore principis safuZvelze: <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebaSesaZlebelia maSin, roca arsebobs erTi an ramdenime specialuri (specified)da kanonieri mizani an miznebi. xolo <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba da mopovebadauSvebelia, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis xerxebi da saSualebebi, aseve,misi mopovebis realuri mizani Seusabamoa kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulmizansa an miznebTan.
75mesame principis safuZvelze: <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi unda iyosadekvaturi, relevanturi da aragadaWarbebuli (not excessive) eessive eessive im miznisaan miznebisa, romlis misaRwevadac daiwyo <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSaveba.meoTxe principis mixedviT: aucilebelia, mopovebuli <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi iyos zusti (accurate) da, Tu saWiroa, unda moxdes misiukanaskneli monacemebiT Sevseba (kept p p p to date).mexuTe principi krZalavs mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> imaze didxans(xangrZlivad) Senaxvas, vidre igi saWiroa ama Tu im konkretuli miznismisaRwevad.meeqvse principis mixedviT, <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba da damuSaveba undamoxdes <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis uflebebis gaTvaliswinebiT,romelic mas am aqtiT aqvs miniWebuli.meSvide principi emsaxureba aucilebeli zomebis gatarebas <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis procesis SeCerebis mizniT, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebaxorcieldeba arauflebamosili piris mier (unauthorized person) an ukanonod(unlawful). garda amisa, am principis safuZvelze, Tavidan unda iqnesacilebuli mopovebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> SemTxveviT dakargva,ganadgureba an dazianeba.da bolos, merve principi exeba mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemasevrokavSiris arawevri qveynisTvis an teritoriisTvis (territory). amprincipis safuZvelze, gadacema dauSvebelia, Tu <strong>monacemebis</strong> mimRebqveyanas an teritorias ar gaaCnia <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> da <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis dacvis Sesabamisi donis meqanizmi kanonmdeblobaSi.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli dapersonalur monacemTa dacvis komisari<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis process am aqtis safuZvelzeaxorcielebs <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli (data ontroller controller) ontroller anmisi warmomadgeneli <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis saxeliT. <strong>monacemebis</strong>makontrolebeli valdebulia, gaugzavnos Setyobineba <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqts da <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis komisars (personal data protetion protetion protection protetion protetion oissioneroissionercommissioner)oissioneroissioneroissioneroissioner<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis procesis dawyebasTan dakavSirebiT.Setyobinebis gagzavna aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis procesisdawyebamde.makontrolebeli aseve valdebulia, moaxdinos Setyobinebis registracia,romelic aucilebelia imdenad, ramdenadac, registraciis ararsebobisSemTxvevaSi, advili SesaZlebelia <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisprocesis Seferxeba an saerTod SeCereba.Setyobineba unda Seicavdes :1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis saxels da misamarTs; xolo, im SemTxvevaSi,Tu <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebels hyavs Tavisi warmomadgeneli, aRniSnuliwarmomadgenlis saxels da misamarTs;
762. <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis kanonier mizans an miznebs, <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisxerxebs da saSualebebs.3. dasamuSavebeli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> kategorias;4. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis an subieqtebis kategoriebisdasaxelebas, romlebzec xdeba <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba;5. mimRebis an mimRebTa kategoriebis dasaxelebas, romelTaTvisacmopovebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi SeiZleba gaxdes cnobili;6. imsaxelmwifosanteritoriisdasaxelebas,romelicararisevrokavSirisan romelic ar aris evrokavSiriswevri, magram <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebels ganzraxuli aqvs <strong>monacemebis</strong>gadacema.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmoba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmoba warmoadgens aucilebelwinapirobas <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesis dasawyebad. mgrZnobiare<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis SemTxvevaSi ki, saWiroa monacemissubieqtis aSkarad gamoxatuli Tanxmoba (explicit onsent onsent consent).personalur monacemTa damuSaveba<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis damuSaveba SesaZlebelia:1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis udavo Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi;2. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba aucilebelia kontraqtiT aRebulivaldebulebebis Sesasruleblad, romlis erT-erT mxares uSualod<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti warmoadgens.3. damuSaveba aucilebelia <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis samarTlebrivivaldebulebebis Sesasruleblad;4. damuSaveba aucilebelia monacemis subieqtis sasicocxlo interesebisdasacavad;5. damuSaveba aucilebelia monacemis makontroleblis an mesame mxariskanonieri interesebis dasacavad, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesacsafrTxe SesaZlebelia miadges monacemis subieqtis uflebebs da kanonierinteresebs.mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebarac Seexeba mgrZnobiare kategoriis personalur monacemebs, aRniSnulkategorias miekuTvneba monacemebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia subieqtisrasobriv da eTnikur warmomavlobasTan, mis politikur SexedulebebTan,mis religiur mrwamsTan, profesiuli kavSirisadmi kuTvnilebasTan,misi fizikuri an fsiqikuri janmrTelobis mdgomareobasTan, sqesobrivcxovrebasTan da mis mier danaSaulis CadenasTan.
77miuxedavad imisa, rom aqti krZalavs mgrZnobiare kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebas, masSi mocemulia gamonaklisi SemTxvevebi, roca,akrZalvis miuxedavad, SesaZlebelia am kategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba.es SemTxvevebia, roca:1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtma gamoxata aSkara Tanxmoba;2. damuSaveba aucilebelia im uflebebisa da valdebulebisgansaxorcieleblad, romelic kanoniT miniWebuli aqvs monacemismakontrolebels;3. damuSaveba aucilebelia monacemis subieqtis an sxva piris sasicocxlointeresis dasacavad, miuxedavad <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmobisa, romlismopovebac SeuZlebelia an <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli gonivruladvaraudobs, rom subieqtis Tanxmobis mopoveba SeuZlebelia.4. gansakuTrebuli kategoriis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebaSeuZliaT, arasamewarmeo, mogebaze araorientirebul,politikuri,filosofiuri,religiuridasavaWromiznebisaTvisSeqmnilorganizaciebsreligiuri savaWro organizaciebsda kavSirebs TavianTi kompetenciis farglebSi. isini uflebamosilniarian, moipovon mgrZnobiare kategoriis monacemebi TavianTi kavSiris anorganizaciis wevrebze an maTTan mudmivad kavSirSi myof pirebze, rogorcTavianTi kanonieri miznebis misaRwevad, ise maTi wevrebis keTildReobisuzrunvelsayofad.aseTi gziT <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba unda ganxorcieldes usafrTxoebiszomebis mkacri dacviT da <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis uflebebisgaTvaliswinebiT.5. damuSaveba SesaZlebelia maSin, roca, informacia, romelsac Seicavs<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtma TviTon gaxada sajaro.6. damuSaveba aucilebelia samarTlebrivi procedurebis miznebidangamomdinare; aucilebelia samarTlebrivi rCevis miRebis, samarTlebriviuflebis ganxorcielebis da dacvis mizniT.7. damuSaveba aucilebelia samedicino miznebis gansaxorcieleblad,rogoricaa: samedicino kvleva, diagnozi, subieqtis janmrTelobismdgomareobis gaumjobeseba, praqtikuli da profesiuli ganviTareba daa.S.aRniSnuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba xorcieldeba samedicino organos ansxva uflebamosili piris mier, romelic, garemoebebidan gamomdinare,aRWurvilia (SeboWilia) konfidencialurobis valdebulebiT.aqve xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom mopovebuli mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> gamxela an gadacema mesame mxarisaTvis akrZalulia, garda imgamonaklisi SemTxvevisa, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti iZleva udavo (aSkara)Tanxmobas mesame mxarisaTvis masze mopovebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemisTaobaze.
78<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> ukanono mopovebaTu piri, romelic ar aris uflebamosili, moipovos <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi,winaswari ganzraxviT an daudevrobiT, <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblisnebarTvis gareSe, moipovebs an gaamxels iseT informacias, romelicSeicavs personalur monacemebs an moipovebs personalur monacemebsmesame mxarisaTvis gamxelis an gadacemis mizniT, es moqmedeba iTvlebaukanonod (Unlawfl obtaining of personal data). <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba, xelSiCagdeba an gamxela ar CaiTvleba ukanonod, Tu <strong>monacemebis</strong> mompovebelidaadasturebs, rom <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba aucilebeli iyo: a) danaSaulisgamoaSkaravebis an Tavidan acilebis mizniT; b) aRniSnuli uflebamosilebaminiWebuli hqonda kanoniT an sasamarTlos gankargulebiT; g) gonivruladvaraudobda, rom <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis da gamxelis ufleba miniWebulihqonda kanoniT an <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis mier,<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis miznis da garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT; d) an<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopoveba aucilebelia sajaro interesebis dasacavad.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> ukanonod mopoveba, xolo ukanonod mopovebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> gayidva an gamxela isjeba kanoniT.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebaze Setyobinebis valdebulebisagangamonaklisi arsebobs maSin, roca saqme exeba erovnul uSiSroebas,janmrTelobas an socialur Sromas, danaSaulis prevencias, gadasaxadebisgadaxdas, <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis ganaTlebas, dasaqmebas an missapasuxismgeblo Tanamdebobaze daniSvnas. agreTve, rodesac damuSavebadakavSirebulia SeiaraRebuli Zalebis brZolis efeqturobasTan.damuSaveba aucilebelia imis dasadgenad, ramdenad Seesabameba <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqti sasamarTlo Tanamdebobas (judicial offie). offie). office).<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis uflebamosilebani<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti uflebamosilia, iyos informirebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblis (dataontroller controller)anmisikanonieriwarmomadgenlisontrollermier sistematurad im informaciis Sesaxeb, romelze dayrdnobiTac xdebamisi identifikacia. uflebamosilia moiTxovos, naTlad, misTvis gasagebenaze ganumarton <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis kanonieri mizanian miznebi, miawodon informacia mosapovebeli <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>kategoriis, aseve, mimRebi an mimRebTa kategoriis Sesaxeb, romelTaTvisac<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi SesaZlebelia gaxdes cnobili, <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis wyarosTan dakavSirebiT.imisaTvis, rom droulad moxdes <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblismier <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis informireba, saWiroa: a) arsebobdes subieqtiswerilobiTi Txovna amis Sesaxeb da b) gadaxdili iyos Sesabamisi safasuri,romelic gansazRvrulia informaciis miwodebis uzrunvelsayofad.winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli ar aris valdebuli,regularulad saqmis kursSi Caayenos subieqti da miawodos detaluriinformacia <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis procesTan dakavSirebiT. <strong>monacemebis</strong>makontrolebeli ar aris valdebuli, miawodos informacia <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqts, Tu mis mier informaciis miwodeba gamoiwvevs sxva pirze monacemis
79gamJRavnebas, garda im gamonaklisisa, rodesac:1. arsebobs sxva piris, anu im piris uSualo nebaTanxmoba, neba/Tanxmoba, visi monacemicSesaZloa gamJRavndes, rom masTan dakavSirebuli <strong>personaluri</strong> informaciagadaeces <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqts;2. an, gonivruli garemoebebidan gamomdinare, ar aris saWiro aseTiTanxmobis miReba.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti uflebamosilia, nebismierdros, werilobiTi Setyobinebis safuZvelze, mosTxovosmonacemTamakontrolebels, gonivrul vadaSi Sewyvitos an ar daiwyos masze<strong>personaluri</strong> informaciis damuSaveba da nebismier dros uari ganacxadosukve gacemul Tanxmobaze, Tu amisTvis gaaCnia safuZvliani da kanonierimizezi.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti, romelsac miadgeba ziani monacemTamakontroleblis qmedebis Sedegad, uflebamosilia, moiTxovos miyenebulizianis anazRaureba, xolo monacemTa makontrolebeli valdebulia,aanazRauros mis mier miyenebuli ziani, garda im gamonaklisi SemTxvevisa,roca igi daasabuTebs, rom damdgari Sedegi ar aris gamowveuli misiqmedebiT.im SemTxvevaSi, roca <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqti miiCnevs, rommasze mopovebuli monacemebi arasworia an monacemebi, romlis mopovebacxorcieldeba, ararelevanturia <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis realurimiznisa, subieqts SeuZlia, mimarTos sasamarTlos darRveuli uflebisaRsadgenad.sasamarTlos mier subieqtis saCivris dakmayofilebis SemTxvevaSi,<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli (aseve sasamarTlosgadawyvetilebis safuZvelze) valdebulia, moaxdinos gasaCivrebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> ganadgureba, dablokva, waSla an Sesworeba.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis kontroli<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> mTlian procesze kontroli evaleba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis komisars (personaldataprotetionoissioner)dataprotetionoissioner)dataprotetionoissioner)protectionoissioner)protetionoissioner)commissioner),oissioner)romelic iniSneba 5 wlis vadiT misi udidebulesobis mier (Her Majesty ajesty ajesty byLetters Patent). am aqtiT gaTvaliswinebulma monacemTa dacvis komisarmaCaanacvla 1984 wlis aqtiT dafuZnebuli monacemTa dacvis registratorisTanamdeboba.komisars evaleba, zedamxedveloba gauwios monacemTa makontroleblismier aqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebis Sesrulebas. monacemTamakontroleblis mier <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesSi am aqtiTgaTvaliswinebuli ZiriTadi principebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi,<strong>monacemebis</strong> komisari uflebamosilia, gaugzavnos mas Setyobineba.aRniSnuli SetyobinebiT, komisars SeuZlia, dausabuTos makontrolebelsmisi qmedebis Seusabamoba aqtiT gaTvaliswinebul valdebulebebTan damosTxovos mas misi qmedebis aRebul valdebulebebTan SesabamisobaSi
80moyvana. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu monacemTa makontrolebeli ar eTanxmebakomisris miTiTebebs, SeuZlia, aRniSnuli Setyobineba gaasaCivrostribunalSi. magram, Tu <strong>monacemebis</strong> makontrolebeli arc asaCivrebs daarc asrulebs Setyobinebas, maSin igi damnaSavea da unda agos pasuxi aqtiTgaTvaliswinebuli ZiriTadi principebis darRvevisaTvis.komisari aseve uflebamosilia, gaataros RonisZiebebi informaciisgavrcelebis mizniT. komisari valdebulia, waradginosyovelwliuriangariSi parlamentis winaSe Tavis saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT.aseve, arsebobs monacemTa dacvis tribunali, romlis Tavmjdomareda moadgileebi iniSnebianlord-kancleris mier. xolo tribunalissxva wevrebi iniSnebian Secratry of Sate-s mier. es wevrebi arian pirebi,romlebic gamoxataven <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis da monacemTamakontroleblis interesebs.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemarac Seexeba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemas, igi nebadarTuliarogorc evrokavSiris wevr, ise arawevr saxelmwifoTaTvis, magramamisaTvis saWiroa, <strong>monacemebis</strong> mimReb saxelmwifos gaaCndes saTanadokanonmdebloba, romliTac uzrunvelyofili iqneba rogorc gadacemuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> usafrTxod Senaxva da <strong>dacva</strong>, ise gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis subieqtis uflebebi.<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis subieqtis Tanxmoba aucilebelia ara martomasze <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesis dasawyebad, aramed mopovebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> sxva saxelmwifosaTvis gadasacemad.Tumca, aqti aqve iZleva gamonaklis SemTxvevebs, roca <strong>monacemebis</strong>Tavisufali brunva saxelmwifoTa Soris SesaZlebelia subieqtis TanxmobisgareSec, maSin, roca gadacema aucilebelia:1. im kontraqtiT aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad, romelicdadebulia monacemis subieqtsa da monacemis makontrolebels Soris;2. aucilebelia kontraqtis dasadebad monacemis makontrolebelsa dasxva pirs Soris (magram ara monacemis subieqtTan), romelic monacemissubieqtis interesis sagans warmoadgens an monacemis subieqtis TxovniTxdeba; agreTve, aseTi kontraqtis Sesasruleblad;4. aucilebelia sajaro interesebidan gamomdinare;5. samarTlebrivi proceduris interesidan gamomdinare, samarTlebrivirCevis mopovebis, samarTlebrivi uflebis ganxorcielebis an dacvismizniT.6. <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis sasicocxlo interesebis dasacavad.
ungreTikanonmdebloba <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> SesaxebungreTis respublikis 1989 wels miRebuli konstituciis 59-e muxliwarmoadgens personalur monacemTa dacvis konstituciur safuZvels.ungreTi aris pirveli qveyana centralur da aRmosavleT evropaSi,romelmac pirvelma moaxdina personalur monacemTa dacvis uflebissakonstitucio doneze <strong>dacva</strong>. konstituciis 59-e muxli Semdegnairadaris Camoyalibebuli:(1) ungreTis respublikaSi yvelas aqvs kargi reputaciis, misi sacxovreblisxelSeuxeblobis da piradi saqmeebis da <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>saidumloebis ufleba.(2) parlamentis damswre wevrTa xmebis sami meoredis raodenobaa saWiropersonalur monacemTa Sesaxeb kanonis misaRebad.1991 wlis 13 aprils ungreTis sakonstitucio sasamarTlom rezoluciiTNo. 15/1991 (IV. 13.) arakonstituciurad gamoacxada <strong>personaluri</strong>saidentifikacio nomrebis SeuzRudavi gamoyeneba da gaauqma mTelikanonmdebloba mosaxleobis registraciasTan dakavSirebiT. xangrZlividebatebis Semdeg 1992 wels miRebul iqna kanoni No. LXIII L personalurmonacemTa dacvisa da sazogadoebrivi interesebidan gamomdinaremonacemTa gamJRavnebis Sesaxeb, 47 rac warmoadgens Cveni ganxilvis sagans.aRsaniSnavia, rom kanoni awesebs <strong>personaluri</strong> komisris posts da aZlevsmas Sesabamis kompetencias: kanonis moTxovnaTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobisganxorcieleba personalur monacemTa damuSavebis dros, saCivarTaganxilva, monacemTa dacvis reestris warmoeba, monacemTa dacvis mizniT,Sesabamis kanonproeqtebTan dakavSirebiT rekomendaciebis micema da a. S.81kanoni personalur monacemTa dacvisa da sazogadoebriviinteresebidan gamomdinare monacemTa gamJRavnebis Sesaxebkanoni iTvaliswinebs terminTa Semdeg ganmartebas:1. personalur monacemebs - warmoadgens iseTi monacemebi, romelicSeiZleba asocirebul iqnes konkretul kerZo pirTan da romlidangamomdinarec SesaZlebelia raime daskvnis gamotana am pirTan dakavSirebiT.monacemebi inarCuneben zemoxsenebul Tvisebas maTi damuSavebisas manam,sanam maTi kavSiri konkretul pirTan SeiZleba iqnes aRdgenili. kanonipasuxobs evrogaerTianebis mier 1995 wlis 24 oqtombers miRebulidireqtivis moTxovnebs da iTvaliswinebs specialuri <strong>monacemebis</strong>cnebasac, miuxedavad imisa, rom Tavad kanoni miRebulia direqtivisgamocemamde sami wliT adre.2. specialuri monacemebi 48 - aris <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, romlebicukavSirdeba piris rasobriv warmomavlobas, erovnebas da eTnikurkuTvnilebas, politikur Sexedulebebs an partiul kuTvnilebas, religiur47 Act LII LXII of 1992 on the protection of personal data and the publicity of data of public interest.48 special data.
82an sxva Sexedulebebs (muxli 2(2)(a)), agreTve, iseTi monacemebi, romlebicexeba piris janmrTelobis mdgomareobas, aranormalur damokidebulebas(narkotikuli an alkoholuri), sqesobriv cxovrebas an nasamarTlobas(muxli 2(2)(b)).3. sajaro monacemebi 49 - warmoadgens monacemebs, romlebic ar jdebapersonalur monacemTa cnebaSi da xelT aqvT saxelmwifo organoebs anSesabamis saxelmwifo moxeleebs, romlebic axorcieleben kanonidangamomdinare sajaro funqciebs.4. monacemTa damuSaveba 50 - aris monacemTa Cawera, Senaxva, damuSaveba,gamoyeneba (maT Soris - gadacema da gamoqveyneba). monacemTa Secvla damaTi SemdgomSi gamoyenebis aRkveTa, aseve, ganimarteba, rogorc monacemTadamuSaveba.5. monacemTa gadacema 51 - warmoadgens monacemTa gadacemas konkretulmesame pirze.. gamoqveyneba - rodesac monacemebi xelmisawvdomi xdeba yvelasaTvis.7. monacemTa dammuSavebeli 52 - (direqtivis mixedviT - dammuSavebelipiri) aris piri an organo, romelic axorcielebs monacemTa damuSavebas,am kanonis me-2(4) muxlis mixedviT.. monacemTa ganadgureba 53 - monacemTa waSla ise, rom maTi aRdgena gaxdesSeuZlebeli.kanonis me-2 muxlSi, romelic terminTa ganmartebas exeba, ar arismocemuli yvela is termini, romelic direqtiviT aris gaTvaliswinebuli.esenia: “personalur monacemTa failuri sistema”,“kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piri”, “mesame piri”, “mimRebi” da “monacemTa subieqtisTanxmoba”. Tumca, es cnebebi, rogoricaa “mimRebi” da “monacemTa subieqtisTanxmoba~ gvxvdeba kanonis teqstSi.personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>kanoni exeba iseT sakiTxebs, rogoricaa: monacemTa damuSaveba, monacemTagadacema, monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>, monacemTa damuSavebaSi CarTul pirTauflebamosileba, darRveul uflebaTa aRdgena sasamarTlos meSveobiTda kompensaciis sakiTxi.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtis Tanxmobapersonalur monacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia Sesabamisi pirisTanxmobiT an kanonis an adgilobrivi organos brZanebis safuZvelze.specialuri <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba SesaZlebelia, Tu:Sesabamisi piri gascems werilobiT Tanxmobas; damuSaveba gamomdinareobs49 data of public interest.50 data handling.51 forwarding of data.52 data handler.53 deletion of data.
83saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebidan; damuSaveba aucilebelia konstituciaSigaTvaliswinebuli fundamenturi uflebis dasacavad; aucilebeliaerovnuli usafrTxoebis miznebidan gamomdinare, danaSaulis aRkveTismizniT an sisxlis samarTlis saqmeze gamoZiebis warmarTvisaTvis. agreTve,specialur monacemTa damuSaveba SesaZlebelia, Tu es kanoniT arisgaTvaliswinebuli. Tu arsebobs eWvi piris TanxmobasTan dakavSirebiT,Tanxmoba CaiTvleba gaucemlad. piris iniciativiT wamowyebulisamarTalwarmoebis dros, samarTalwarmoebis mizniT, am piris personalurmonacemTa damuSavebisaTvis Tanxmoba nagulisxmevia (muxli 3).<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis wesikanonis mixedviT, monacemTa damuSaveba unda emsaxurebodes garkveulmizans, romelic kanoniT aris gaTvaliswinebuli. monacemTa damuSavebisyoveli faza unda iyos zemoxsenebuli miznis adekvaturi. mxolod iseTi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebaa SesaZlebeli, romlis damuSavebisgareSec zemoxsenebuli miznis miRweva SeuZlebelia (muxli 5).monacemTa damuSavebamde pirs unda ecnobos, damuSaveba nebayoflobiTia,Tu savaldebulo. Tu damuSaveba savaldebuloa, saWiroa Sesabamis aqtzemiTiTebac. pirs, aseve, unda ecnobos monacemTa damuSavebis miznebisSesaxeb da waredginos im pirTa Sesaxeb informacia, romelTaTvisacgadacemuli iqneba monacemebi dasamuSaveblad (muxli 6).personalur monacemTa damuSaveba unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg moTxovnebs:maTi Cawera da damuSaveba unda iyos samarTliani da kanonieri; monacemebiunda iyos zusti da sruli; monacemTa SenaxvisaTvis Sesabamisi pirisidentifikacia unda iyos SesaZlebeli mxolod im drois ganmavlobaSi, radroc aris saWiro monacemTa Sesanaxad (muxli 7).<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> gadacemapersonalur monacemTa 54 gadacema dasaSvebia, Tu Sesabamisi piri miscemsTanxmobas, an Tu es gaTvaliswinebulia kanoniT da akmayofilebs kanonismoTxovnebs (muxli 8). ungreTidan sxva qveynisaTvis monacemTa gadacemadasaSvebia Sesabamisi piris TanxmobiT an kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulSemTxvevebSi, Tu monacemTa damuSaveba sxva qveynis mier akmayofilebskanonis moTxovnebs (muxli 9).personalur monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>rac Seexeba monacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>s - dammuSavebeli piri movalea, uzrunvelyosmonacemTa usafrTxoeba, miiRos teqnikuri da organizaciuli zomebi dadaawesos proceduruli wesebi, rac aucilebelia am kanonis cxovrebaSigatarebis mizniT. monacemebi gansakuTrebulad daculi unda iyosarakanonieri xelyofisagan, Secvlisagan, gamoqveynebisa an waSlisagan an/da ganadgurebisa an dazianebisagan (muxli 10).54forwarding.
84personalur monacemTa subieqtis uflebamosilebanipirs, romlis personalur monacemTa damuSavebac xorcieldeba, SeuZliamoiTxovos informacia misi <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebis Sesaxeb.aseve, pirs SeuZlia moiTxovos monacemTa koreqtireba an waSla, garda imSemTxvevisa, roca monacemTa damuSaveba aucilebelia kanoniT. monacemTadacvis reestri xelmisawvdomia yvelasaTvis (muxli 11).dammuSavebeli piri valdebulia, miawodos informacia monacemTasubieqtis moTxovnis safuZvelze moTxovnidan 30 dRis ganmavlobaSimonacemTa damuSavebis samarTlebrivi safuZvlis, miznisa dadamuSavebisaTvis gansazRvruli periodis Sesaxeb da Tu vin da ra mizniTmiiRo an miiRebs aRniSnul personalur monacemebs. informaciis miwodebaufasoa, Tu monacemTa subieqti xelmeored ar moiTxovs informaciaspirveli moTxovnidan erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi (muxli 12). monacemTadammuSavebeli piri uflebamosilia, uari uTxras informaciis micemazemonacemTa subieqts, Tu es kanoniT daSvebulia (muxli 13). <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi unda ganadgurdes, Tu maTi damuSaveba arakanonieria, Tu TavadmonacemTa subieqti moiTxovs amas da Tu monacemTa damuSavebis mizaniaRar arsebobs (muxli 14). kanonis me-17 muxli exeba uflebaTa <strong>dacva</strong>ssasamarTlos meSveobiT. monacemTa subieqts, Tavisi uflebebis darRvevisSemTxvevaSi, SeuZlia waradginos sarCeli sasamarTloSi dammuSavebelipiris winaaRmdeg. dammuSavebeli piri movalea, daamtkicos, rom monacemTadamuSaveba Seesabameba kanons. sasamarTlos, romelic mxars dauWerssarCels, SeuZlia, moiTxovos monacemTa waSla an Sesworeba.monacemTa dacvis komisarikanoni ayalibebs moqalaqeTa uflebebis dacvis saparlamento komisris(SemdgomSi komisari) posts da ganixilavs monacemTa dacvis reestrissakiTxebs.parlamentma komisris Tanamdebobaze unda airCios ungreTis moqalaqe,romelsac unda hqondes universitetis diplomi da ar hqondeskriminaluri warsuli, unda gaaCndes brwyinvale akademiuri codna anprofesiuli gamocdilebis aTwliani staJi mainc, aseve, unda hqondesrogorc praqtikuli gamocdileba, aseve Teoriuli codna monacemTadacvisaTvis saWiro procedurebTan dakavSirebiT da unda sargeblobdessazogadoebis mxridan Rrma pativiscemiT (muxli 23(1)). komisari uflebamovaleobebisganxorcielebis dros sargeblobs damoukideblobiT. masparlamentSi arCevis mizniT rekomendaciiT waradgens prezidenti da misiarCeva xdeba xmebis sami meoredis umravlesobiT. komisari arCeulia eqvsiwlis vadiT. regularuli saparlamento arCevnebi ungreTSi tardeba oTxweliwadSi erTxel.komisris uflebamosilebaSi Sedis Semdegi funqciebi:• <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis da monacemebTandakavSirebuli sxva kanonebis moTxovnaTa <strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobisganxorcieleba;
• masTan wardgenili saCivrebis ganxilva;• monacemTa dacvis reestris warmoebis uzrunvelyofa (muxli 24);• monacemTa dacvisa da sajaro monacemTa xelmisawvdomobisaTvissaWiro pirobebis arsebobis mizniT monitoringis ganxorcieleba;• monacemTa dacvisaTvis gamiznul kanonproeqtebTan dakavSirebiTrekomendaciebis gacema;• aseve, komisars SeuZlia, gazardos an Seamciros im monacemTa ricxvi,romelic Sedis saxelmwifo an samsaxurebriv saidumloebaSi (muxli25(1)).nebismier pirs SeuZlia, mimarTos komisars uflebebis darRvevisas, andamis personalur monacemebsa an sajaro monacemebze misi xelmisawvdomobisuflebis xelyofasTan dakavSirebiT pirdapiri safrTxis arsebobisSemTxvevaSi. aravis SeiZleba SeeSalos xeli komisarTan saCivris wardgenaSi(aseTi qmedeba warmoadgens sisxlis samarTlis danaSauls) (muxli 27).Tavisi uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebisas komisars SeuZlia, mosTxovosdammuSavebel pirs nebismieri informaciis miwodeba, SeuZlia gamoikvliosnebismieri dokumenti personalur monacemebsa an sajaro monacemebTandakavSirebiT, SeuZlia zemoxsenebuli uflebebis gamoyeneba yvelgan,sadac xdeba monacemTa damuSaveba (muxli 26(1)-26(2)).saxelmwifo an samsaxurebrivi saidumlo ar unda warmoadgendeskomisrisaTvisxelisSemSlelfaqtorsTavisifunqciebisganxorcielebaSi,Tavisi funqciebis magram saidumlos Senaxvis movaleoba xorcieldeba maszec. saxelmwifoan samsaxurebrivi saidumloebis SemTxvevaSi, komisarma Tavisi funqciebiunda ganaxorcielos uSualod SeiaraRebul ZalebSi, policiis dasaxelmwifo usafrTxoebis organoebSi (muxli 26(3)).Tu komisari daafiqsirebs monacemTa arakanonieri damuSavebis faqts, masSeuZlia, dammuSavebeli piri gaaTavisuflos movaleobisgan. aRniSnulipiri valdebulia, datovos samuSao adgili 30 dRis ganmavlobaSi damoaxsenos komisars amis Sesaxeb (muxli 25(2)), winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,komisari uflebamosilia, gaxados sajaro monacemTa arakanonieridamuSavebis faqti, dammuSavebeli piris vinaoba da Sesabamis monacemTaxasiaTi (muxli 25 (3)).komisars ar aqvs ufleba, ganixilos iseTi sakiTxi, romelic ukvesasamarTlos winaSe aris wardgenili gansaxilvelad. komisari ar arisxelisuflebis warmomadgeneli am sityvis pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT. masSeuZlia, gamoaqveynos rekomendaciebi, romlebic ar atarebs SemboWvelxasiaTs monacemTa dammuSavebel pirebze. maT movaleobaSi mxolod Sedis 30dRis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli zomebis Sesaxeb komisrisaTvis Setyobineba.85monacemTa dacvis reestrimonacemTa damuSavebis dawyebamde dammuSavebeli piri movalea, komisars,registraciis mizniT, acnobos Semdegi:a) monacemTa damuSavebis miznebi;
86b) monacemTa tipebi da maTi damuSavebis samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi;g) monacemebSi moxsenebul pirTa sia;d) monacemTa wyaroebi;e) gadacemul monacemTa tipebi da adresatebi, aseve, gadacemissakanonmdeblo safuZvlebi;v) monacemTa TiToeuli tipis waSlis bolo vada; 55z) monacemTa dammuSavebeli piris saxelwodeba (saxeli) da misamarTi,aseve, damuSavebis uSualo adgili (muxli 28 (1)).sainteresoa kanonis 32-e muxli, romelic exeba monacemTa kvleviTinstitutebSi damuSavebis sakiTxs. <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi, romelTaCawera da Senaxva moxda samecniero miznebisaTvis, SeiZleba damuSavebuliqnes mxolod am miznebidan gamomdinare.55 deadline for deleting each type of data.
87estoneTi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis SedarebiTi analizis sqema<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi arisnebismieri informacia,romelic dakavSirebuliaidentificirebul anidentificirebad fizikurpirTan.<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebidayofilia mgrZnobiare daaramgrZnobiare personalurmonacemebad.mgrZnobiare personalurmonacemebad miiCnevamonacemebi, romlebicamJRavnebs piris politikurSexedulebebs an religiur dafilosofiur rwmenas;monacemebi, romlebicamJRavnebs piris eTnikur anrasobriv kuTvnilebas. sisxlissamarTlis an sxva saxissaqmidan miRebuli informacia,romelic avlens danaSauls,iTvleba mgrZnobiare personalurmonacemad sasamarTloganxilvamde, vidre sasamar-Tlo ar gamoitans ganaCens, anTu aseTi informaciis <strong>dacva</strong>aucilebelia sazogadoebrivimoralis an piris saojaxo an<strong>personaluri</strong> cxovrebisuflebis dasacavad, an Tumsxverplis, umciresobaTa,mowmeTa an marTlmsajulebisinteresebi ase moiTxovs.<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemisdamuSavebapersonalur monacemTadamuSaveba aris personalurmonacemTa Segroveba, Cawera,dalageba, Senaxva, Secvla,ganxilva, aRdgena, gamoyeneba,gamxela, gaerTianeba, daxurva,waSla an ganadgureba.personalur monacemTadamuSavebis sistema _personalur monacemTastruqturuli erToblioba,romelic xelmisawvdomiagarkveuli wesebis dacviT;personalur monacemTa dacvisaqti vrceldeba <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> mTlianad annawilobriv avtomaturdamuSavebaze, agreTve,araavtomatur damuSavebazec,Tu es monacemebi personalurmonacemTa struqturuliqselidan aris amoRebuli, anaseT qselSi Sesatanad arisgamiznuli. kanonis moqmedebaar vrceldeba kerZo pirismier <strong>personaluri</strong> moxmarebismizniT monacemTa damuSavebaze,agreTve, iseTi <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebaze,romelic Seicavs saxelmwifosaidumloebas, garda kanoniTgaTvaliswinebuliSemTxvevebisa.saxelmwifo kontroli<strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebazemonacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>zezedamxedvelobasaxorcielebs monacemTadacvis inspeqcia.monacemTa dacvis inspeqciisuflebamosileba aris:personalur monacemTadacvisaTvis kanonmdeblobiTgansazRvruli moTxovnebisSesrulebaze zedamxedveloba;kanonis mixedviT, mgrZnobiarepersonalur monacemTadamuSavebis registraciisganxorcieleba;moiTxovos Sesabamisidokumentebi da sxvaaucilebeli informaciapirebisagan; gascesinstruqciebi;uzrunvelyos pirebiinformaciiT da Caatarostreningebi personalurmonacemTa damuSavebasa da<strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT.monacemTa dacvis inspeqciisTanamSromlebs aqvTdammuSavebel pirTa da maTiofisebis SemowmebisSeuzRudavi ufleba. ufrosida uflebamosilidammuSavebeli pirebimovaleni arian, xeli SeuwyonmonacemTa dacvis inspeqciassaqmianobis ganxorcielebaSida uzrunvelyon igiSesabamisi dokumentebiT.pasuxismgebloba <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebiswesebis darRvevisaTviskanoni adgens jarimas 300kronas (420 lari) odenobiT, Tumoxdeba mgrZnobiare<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis moTxovnaTadarRveva fizikuri piris mier,xolo Tu igive qmedebaganaxorciela iuridiulmapirma _ jarimis odenoba aris50 000 krona (70 000 lari).
88latvia<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi _aris nebismieri informacia,romelic ukavSirdebaidentificirebul anidentificirebad kerZo pirs.mgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi _ monacemebi,romlidanac mJRavndeba pirisrasobrivi, eTnikurikuTvnileba, religiuri,filosofiuri an politikuriSexedulebebi an pirisprofkavSirSi wevrobis faqti,misi janmrTelobismdgomareoba da sqesobrivicxovrebis detalebi;personalur monacemTadamuSavebisaTvis saWiroamonacemTa subieqtisTanxmoba. monacemTa subieqtiiRebs informacias misi<strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisSesaxeb. monacemTa subieqtsaqvs masTan dakavSirebuli<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis akrZalvisufleba.personalur monacemTadamuSaveba aris nebismierimoqmedeba personalurmonacemebTan mimarTebiT, maTSoris, Segroveba,registracia, Cawera, Senaxva,gardaqmna, gamoyeneba,gadacema, gamxela,gavrceleba, blokireba anwaSla.kanoni vrceldeba nebismierisaxis <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemisdamuSavebis dros yvelaiuridiul da fizikur pirze,Tu: a) kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli piriregistrirebulia latviisrespublikaSi; b) monacemTadamuSaveba mimdinareobslatviis farglebs gareT, imteritoriebze, romlebicekuTvnis latviassaerTaSorisoxelSekrulebebidangamomdinare; g) personalurmonacemTa damuSavebisaTvissaWiro inventari arislatviis teritoriaze.personalur monacemTadamuSavebaze, missamarTlianobasa dakanonierebazezedamxedvelobisganxorcieleba evalebamonacemTa saxelmwifoinspeqcias. monacemTasaxelmwifo inspeqciismuSaobaze ki zedamxedvelobasaxorcielebs iusticiissaministro.inspeqcias akisria Semdegimovaleobani: a) uzrunvelyospersonalur monacemTadamuSavebis Sesabamisoba amkanonTan; b) miiRosgadawyvetilebebi daganixilos saCivrebipersonalur monacemTadamuSavebasTan dakavSirebiT;g) SeimuSaos daganaxorcielos RonisZiebanipersonalur monacemTa dacvisefeqturobis asamaRleblad;d) moaxdinos personalurmonacemTa damuSavebissistemis registracia; e)
89litva <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi _warmoadgens nebismierinformacias, romelicdakavSirebuliaidentificirebul anidentificirebad fizikurpirTan - “monacemTasubieqtTan”, romlisidentificirebac SesaZlebeliapirdapir an arapirdapir,gansakuTrebiT,saidentifikacio nomrisgamoyenebiT, erTi an ramdenimefaqtoriT, romelicgamoxatavs mis fizikur,kanonis moqmedeba arvrceldeba kerZo pirTa mierdaarsebul sainformaciosistemebze, sadacmimdinareobs personalurmonacemTa damuSaveba<strong>personaluri</strong> an saojaxomiznebisaTvis da sadac arxdeba personalur monacemTagamJRavneba sxva pirTaTvis.kanoni saerTod ar vrceldebapersonalur monacemTadamuSavebaze Jurnalisturi,mxatvruli da literaturulimiznebiT.yvela saxelmwifodawesebulebam, fizikurma daiuridiulma pirma, romelicapirebs personalurmonacemTa damuSavebas daayalibebs monacemTadamuSavebis sistemas, undamoaxdinos am sistemisregistracia.monacemTa damuSaveba _nebismieri moqmedeba,romelic ukavSirdebapersonalur monacemTadamuSavebas, rogoricaa:Cawera, Segroveba, Senaxva,organizacia, Sesworeba,Secvla, gamxela,xelmisawvdomad gadaqceva,aRdgena, gavrceleba annebismieri sxva operacia anoperaciaTa erToblioba.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis marTlzomierebissaxelmwifo arqivisdireqtoris ofisTan erTadmiiRos gadawyvetilebebipersonalur monacemTaarqivSi gadagzavnasTandakavSirebiT.monacemTa saxelmwifoinspeqcia muSaobs kabinetismier damtkicebuli wesdebissafuZvelze. inspeqciakabinetSi waradgens wliurangariSs SesrulebulisamuSaos Sesaxeb. personalurmonacemTa <strong>dacva</strong>zezedamxedvelobis aseTisamarTlebrivi sistemakritikas imsaxurebs evropiskomisiis samarTlebrivieqspertebis mxridan.personalur monacemTaSesaxeb kanonis moTxovnaTa<strong>dacva</strong>s zedamxedvelobsmonacemTa dacvis saxelmwifoinspeqcia.inspeqcia aris saxelmwifoorgano, romelic finansdebabiujetidan. igi pasuxs agebsmTavrobis winaSe.inspeqciis kompetenciasganekuTvneba:a) kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirTareestris administrireba,misi sajaroobiskontrolis ganmaxorcielebelpirTa, dammuSavebelTa da sxvapirTa mier kanonis moTxovnebisdarRvevis SemTxvevaSi, litvisrespublikis kanonmdeblobiT,dgeba maTi pasuxismgeblobissakiTxi.pirs, romelsac miadga zianikontrolisganmaxorcieleblis,dammuSaveblis an sxva pirismier am kanonis sawinaaRmdegomoqmedebebis an umoqmedobisSedegad, ufleba aqvs,
90fiziologiur, gonebriv,ekonomikur, kulturul ansocialur identurobas.gansakuTrebuli<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi _monacemebi, romlebicukavSirdeba fizikuri pirisrasobriv an eTnikurwarmomavlobas, politikurSexedulebebs, religias,filosofiur da sxvaSexedulebebs, profesiuligaerTianebebis wevrobas, pirisjanmrTelobis mdgomareobas,sqesobriv cxovrebasa danasamarTlobas.zogadi wesebia: <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebisxarisxi; <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis dasaSvebobisprincipebi; damuSavebisgansakuTrebuli kategoriebi;<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisaTvisinformaciis miwodebismovaleoba; <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis mier informaciismiRebis ufleba; SezRudvebida gamonaklisebi am wesebidan;<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisufleba, uari ganacxadosmasTan dakavSirebuli<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebaze da sxva.informacia, romelic exebaindividis pirad cxovrebas,SeiZleba Segrovebul iqnesmxolod kompetenturisasamarTlos SesabamisibrZanebiT da kanonis dacviT.uzrunvelyofa daregistrirebul kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirTa mierpersonalur monacemTadamuSavebis kanonierebazezedamxedveloba;b) kanoniT gaTvaliswinebulSemTxvevebSi, kerZomoTxovnebis da saCivrebisganxilva;g) personalur monacemTadamuSavebis marTlzomierebisSemowmeba da maTi damuSavebisdros arsebul darRvevebTandakavSirebiTgadawyvetilebebis miReba;d) kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirebsmisces ucxo qveyanaSiarsebul mimRebTaTvismonacemTa gadacemis ufleba;e) Camoayalibos dagamoaqveynos wliurimoxseneba misi saqmianobisSesaxeb;v) iTanamSromlos kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirebTanda SeimuSaos rekomendaciebimonacemTa dacvisgaumjobesebis mizniT dagaxados isini sajarodxelmisawvdomi internetismeSveobiT;z) kanoniT dadgenili wesiT,daxmareba gauwios ucxoqveyanaSi myof monacemTasubieqtebs;T) kanoniT dadgenili wesiT,uzrunvelyos sxva qveynebiinformaciiT litvismoiTxovos qonebrivi daaraqonebrivi zianisanazRaureba. zianis odenobaganisazRvreba sasamarTlosmier.
91poloneTi<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi _warmoadgens nebismierinformacias, romelicdakavSirebuliaidentificirebul ankanoni personalurmonacemTa dacvis Sesaxebvrceldeba saxelmwifoorganoebis, adgilobriviTviTmmarTvelobis darespublikis kanonmdeblobisSesaxeb personalurmonacemTa dacvis sferoSi dagauziaros gamocdileba; i)ganaxorcielos winaswariSemowmeba am kanoniTdadgenil SemTxvevebSi damiawodos Tavisigadawyvetileba kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirebskonkretul monacemTadamuSavebis sakiTxTandakavSirebiT;k) personalur monacemTaavtomaturi damuSavebis drosdaicvas fizikur pirTauflebebis Sesaxeb konvenciisdebulebebi;l) misces rekomendacia seims,mTavrobas, saxelmwifo damunicipalur dawesebulebebs,roca isini axorcielebenmonacemTa dacvis saxelmwifoinspeqciis saqmianobasTandakavSirebuli kanonebis ansxva samarTlebrivi aqtebisproeqtebis SemuSavebas,miRebas, maTSi cvlilebebisSetanas an gauqmebas;m) Seafasos kontrolisganmaxorcielebel pirTa mierpersonalur monacemTadamuSavebis wesebi;n) sxva.personalur monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobisuflebamosileba poloneTSiakisria personalurmonacemTa dacvis generalurpirs, romelic daamuSavebspersonalur monacemebsmonacemTa failur sistemaSi,roca aseTi damuSavebaakrZalulia an mas ar aqvs amis
92identificirebad fizikurpirTan _ “monacemTasubieqtTan”, romlisidentificirebac SesaZlebeliapirdapir an arapirdapir,gansakuTrebiT,saidentifikacio nomrisgamoyenebiT, erTi an ramdenimefaqtoriT, romelicgamoxatavs mis fizikur,fiziologiur, gonebriv,ekonomikur, kulturul ansocialur identurobas.gansakuTrebuli<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi -monacemebi, romlebicukavSirdeba fizikuri pirisrasobriv an eTnikurwarmomavlobas, politikurSexedulebebs, religias,filosofiur da sxvaSexedulebebs, profesiuligaerTianebebis wevrobas, pirisjanmrTelobis mdgomareobas,sqesobriv cxovrebas da pirisnasamarTlobas.municipaluri organoebismoqmedebebze, aseve,arasajaro organoebze,romlebic asruleben sajarofunqciebs da kerZo aniuridiul pirebsa daorganizaciul warmonaqmnebze(romlebic ar arianiuridiuli pirebi), romelTasaqmianobis nawilsacwarmoadgens personalurmonacemTa damuSaveba. kanonismoqmedeba ar vrceldebakerZo pirebze, romlebicamuSaveben personalurmonacemebs piradi an saojaxomiznebisaTvis.monacemTa subieqts uflebaaqvs: 1) miiRos amomwuraviinformacia aseTi <strong>monacemebis</strong>arsebobis Sesaxeb dadaadginos kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli pirisvinaoba; 2) miiRos informaciamonacemTa damuSavebismeTodis, miznebisa dafarglebis Sesaxeb; 3) miiRosinformacia, Tu rodidanmimdinareobs misi <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSaveba; 4) miiRosinformacia monacemTa wyarosSesaxeb, Tu kontrolisganmaxorcielebeli pirivaldebuli ar aris, argaamxilos wyaro komerciuli,saxelmwifo an profesiulisaidumloebis gamo; 5) miiRosinformacia monacemTa gacemismeTodis Sesaxeb da, kerZod,inspeqtors. am Tanamdebobazepirs niSnavs seJmi (seimisqveda palata), senatis (seimiszeda palata) TanxmobiT.generalur inspeqtorskanoniT aqvs garantirebulidamoukidebloba, rogorcarapolitikur Tanamdebobispirs (mas ar SeuZlia iyospolitikuri partiis wevri ansavaWro gaerTianebis wevri).misi Tanamdebobidangadayeneba dauSvebelia.agreTve, igi ar unda iyosdakavebuli araviTari sxvasaqmianobiT, garda umaRlessaswavlebelSi profesoradmuSaobisa. aseve, generalurinspeqtors aqvs formaluriimuniteti.mas ufleba aqvs:zedamxedveloba gauwiosmonacemTa damuSavebisprocesis Sesabamisobaspersonalur monacemTa dacvisSesaxeb kanonTan, ganixilossaCivrebi da miiRosadministraciuli zomebi,iqonios monacemTa failurisistemis reestri, waradginossakuTari mosazrebapersonalur monacemTaSesaxeb kanonproeqtebTandakavSirebiT, wamoiwyosRonisZiebebi personalurmonacemTa dacvisgasaumjobeseblad, miiRosmonawileoba saerTaSorisoorganizaciaTa dauflebamosileba, daekisrebajarima, Tavisuflebisnawilobriv SezRudva anTavisuflebis aRkveTa orwlamde vadiT. xolo, Tuzemoxsenebuli danaSauli exebagansakuTrebul personalurmonacemebs (rasobriv,religiur, eTnikurkuTvnilebasa an politikurSexedulebasTan dakavSirebulida a. S. <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi), pirs daekisrebajarima, Tavisuflebisnawilobriv SezRudva anTavisuflebis aRkveTa samwlamde vadiT.
93safrangeTipersonalur monacemswarmoadgens nebismieriinformacia fizikur pirze,romelic identificirebuliaan SesaZlebeliaidentificirebul iqnes.mgrZnobiarea <strong>personaluri</strong>monacemebi, romlebicaaSkaravebs pirdapir anarapirdapir pirovnebisrasobriv an eTnikur sawyisebs,politikur, religiur,filosofiur Tu savaWrokavSirisadmi kuTvnilebas anexeba piris janmrTelobismdgomareobas an sqesobrivcxovrebas.Tu vin aris mimRebi, an rakategoriis mimRebTa jgufsgadaeca monacemebi; 6)moiTxovos monacemTaSesworeba, ganaxleba da a. S.monacemTa damuSavebismiznebisa da saSualebebisganmsazRvreli SesaZlebeliaiyos piri, departamenti annebismieri organizacia,romelsac ewodeba monacemTamakontrolebeli. aseve, undaaRniSnos, rom aqti exeba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebas mxolod imSemTxvevaSi, roca: 1.monacemTa makontrolebelidafuZnebulia safrangeTisteritoriaze; 2. Tu ar arisdafuZnebuli arcsafrangeTis da arcevrokavSiris wevri sxvasaxelmwifos teritoriaze,magram iyenebs damuSavebissaSualebebs, romlebiclokalizebulia safrangeTisteritoriaze.<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemis damu-SavebisaTvis aucilebelia,arsebobdes monacemis subieqtisTanxmoba. Tumca, aqtiTaseve dadgenilia is garemoebebi,rodesac monacemTadamuSaveba SesaZlebeliasubieqtis Tanxmobis gareSec.dawesebulebaTa saqmianobaSipersonalur monacemTa<strong>dacva</strong>sTan dakavSirebiT.garkveuli uflebamosilebiTarian aRWurvilni, agreTve,generaluri inspeqtorisofisis TanamSromlebi.personalur monacemTadamuSavebas zedamxedvelobskomisia. komisiis ZiriTaddaniSnulebas warmoadgens,Seatyobinos monacemTasubieqtebs da monacemTamakontroleblebs maTiuflebebis Sesaxeb da, aseve,uzrunvelyos, rompersonalur monacemTadamuSaveba mimdinareobdesaRniSnuli aqtis debulebebisgaTvaliswinebiT.rodesac xdeba personalurmonacemTa avtomaturidamuSaveba, amis Sesaxeb undaecnobos komisias, garda imSemTxvevebisa, rodesac<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemi exebapolitikur, samedicino,sqesobrivi cxovrebismonacems da sxva.komisias SeuZlia, gaafrTxilosmonacemis makontrolebeli,Seasrulos nakisrivaldebulebebi. aseve, SeuZlia,ubrZanos mas, SewyvitosdarRveva drois im limitSi,rasac gansazRvravs. imSemTxvevaSi, Tu monacemTamakontrolebeli ardaemorCileba mas, komisiasufleba aqvs, samarTlianiproceduris Sesabamisad,daawesos: 1. finansuri sasjeli;2. akrZalva _ SewyvitosdamuSaveba. komisias aseveSeuZlia, gadaudebelSemTxvevebSi, rodesacpersonalur monacemTadamuSavebam da damuSavebulisgamoyenebam SesaZlebeliagamoiwvios uflebaTa daTavisuflebaTa darRveva,gamoitanos gadawyvetilebadamuSavebis maqsimum 3 TviTSewyvetis Sesaxeb an garkveulidamuSavebuli <strong>monacemebis</strong>araumetes 2 TviT dablokvisSesaxeb.
94holandia<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebiewodeba nebismieri tipisinformaciasidentificirebul anidentificirebad fizikurpirzegansakuTrebuli kategoriispersonalur monacemebsmiekuTvneba monacemebi,romlebic dakavSirebulia:fizikuri piris rasobriv daeTnikur warmomavlobasTan,mis religiur da filosofiurmrwamsTan, politikurSexedulebebTan,janmrTelobasTan, sqesobrivcxovrebasTan, savaWrokavSirisadmi kuTvnilebasTan.garda amisa, gansakuTrebulikategoriis personalurmonacemebs miekuTvnebasisxlissamarTlebrivdanaSaulsa an ukanonoqmedebaSi braldebuli pirisSesaxeb <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> Segroveba.zogadad, akrZaluliamgrZnobiare <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSaveba, gardakanoniT gaTvaliswinebuliSemTxvevebisa.kanoni cal-calkearegulirebs ZiriTadi dagansakuTrebuli kategoriis<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis kanonier miznebsada saSualebebs. Tumca, oriveSemTxvevaSi, <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis mizani unda iyosspecifikuri, zustadganmartebuli da kanonieriiseve, rogorc misi mopovebismeTodebi: zomieri, frTxilida kanonis Sesabamisi.dammuSavebeli ewodebafizikur pirs an organos,romelic axorcielebs<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebas, damuSavebas dagamoyenebas <strong>monacemebis</strong>makontroleblis saxeliT.gansakuTrebuli kategoriis<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis SemTxvevaSi, misigadacema mesame pirisa andainteresebuliorganizaciisaTvisSesaZlebelia mxolod damxolod aRniSnulikategoriis <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis aSkaradgamoxatuli TanxmobisSemTxvevaSi.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis proceszekontrols axorcielebsmonacemTa dacvis komisia, anuigive “sazedamxedvelokomisia” da monacemTa dacvisoficeri.komisias <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis proceszekontrolis ganxorcielebaSeuZlia ara marto germaniis,aramed holandiisteritoriazec..komisia misTvis dakisrebulifunqciebis ganxorcielebaSiabsoluturaddamoukidebelia. xoloaRniSnuli funqciebiminiWebuli aqvs rogorc amkanoniT, ise sxvadasxvaxelSekrulebiT. aqveamocemuli saTaTbiro organo,romelsac waradgenssazedamxedvelo komisia dainiSneba iusticiis ministrisbrZanebis safuZvelze.sazedamxedvelo komisiavaldebulia, gaakeTosyovelwliuri angariSi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis procesebTandakavSirebiT da gaugzavnospasuxismgebloba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobisdarRvevisTvis _zedamxedveli komisiauflebamosilia, gamoiyenospasuxismgeblobis iseTi saxeebi,rogoricaa: administraciulijarima da administraciulipatimroba, romlis dakisrebaxdeba uSualod komisiisgadawyvetilebis safuZvelze,Tu pasuxismgebeli mxaredaarRvevs aRniSnuli aqtisSedarebiT msubuqi xasiaTisnormebs, magaliTad, rogoricaaSetyobinebis gagzavnis gareSe<strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis procesisdawyeba rogorc avtomaturi,ise araavtomaturidamuSavebisas. komisiavaldebulia, Seiswavlosyoveli konkretuli darRvevada fuladi jarimis daniSvnisdros gaiTvaliswinosdarRvevis xarisxi daxangrZlivoba. jarima gadaxdilunda iqnes araugvianes 6kvirisa, xolo im SemTxvevaSi,Tu pasuxismgebeli mxare argadaixdis mas miTiTebulvadaSi, kidev erTxel egzavnebaSetyobineba jarimis gadaxdisSesaxeb. amas emateba meoredgagzavnili Setyobinebis
95germania <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebiewodeba nebismieri tipisinformacias rogorc pirad,ise materialur sakiTxebTandakavSirebiT, romelzedayrdnobiTac SesaZlebelia<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisidentifikacia.gansakuTrebuli kategoriispersonalur monacemebsmiekuTvneba monacemebi, romlebicdakavSirebulia pirisrasobriv da eTnikur warmomavlobasTan,religiur da filosofiur,aseve, politikur SexedulebebTan,profesiuli kav-Sirebisadmi kuTvnilebasTan,janmrTelobis mdgomareobasada sqesobriv cxovrebasTan.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis procesisdasawyebad erT-erTaucilebel winapirobaswarmoadgens zedamxedvelikomisiis mier monacemTadacvis oficrisaTvisSetyobinebis valdebulebaprocesis dawyebamde _monacemTa mopovebisprocesis dawyebasTandakavSirebiT. Setyobinebisvaldebuleba ekisrebapasuxismgebel mxares an miswarmomadgenels da igi iseveaucilebelia, rogorc<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisTanxmoba procesisdasawyebad.<strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebaSiigulisxmeba: <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopoveba, Cawera, gadakeTeba,Secvla, Sesworeba, Senaxva,gamoyeneba, blokireba, waSla,ganadgureba, gavrceleba ansxvagvarad xelmisawvdomoba.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis Tanxmoba erT-erTaucilebel elementswarmoadgens <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis, damuSavebis dagamoyenebis procesSi. amkanonis mixedviT, individisTanxmoba aucileblad undaefuZnebodes mis Tavisufalnebas da, rac mTavaria, undamoxdes misi survilisdadastureba werilobiTiformiT, miTumetes maSin,iusticiis ministrsa damonacemTa dacvis oficers.komisia uflebamosilia,rogorc Tavisi kompetenciisfarglebSi, isedainteresebuli pirisTxovniT, Caataros gamoZieba<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebasTan dakavSirebiT.komisia valdebulia:gamoZiebis Sedegadmopovebuli informaciawarudginos dainteresebulmxares an dainteresebulmxareTa jgufs, moisminos dagaiTvaliswinos maTiSefasebebi, warudginosgamoZiebis Sedegebi iusticiisministrs.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebis, damuSavebis dagamoyenebis mTlianprocesze meTvalyureobaevaleba <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvisfederalur komisars.federaluri komisari undaiyos aranakleb 35 wlisa.aRniSnuli TanamdebobaarCeviTia. igi airCeva 5 wlisvadiT. sabolood, federalurkomisars aRniSnulTanamdebobaze amtkicebsfederaciis prezidenti. igiSeiZleba am TanamdebobazearCeul iqnes meore vadiT.federaluri komisariabsoluturaddamoukidebelia Tavisisafasuri, romelic undagadaixados Setyobinebisgagzavnidan araugvianes 2kviris ganmavlobaSi. Tu arc 2kviris ganmavlobaSi ar moxdajarimis gadaxda, aRniSnulipiri miecema samoqalaqopasuxismgeblobaSi germaniissamoqalaqo kodeqsis meorewignis Sesabamisad. xolo, imSemTxvevaSi, Tu pasuxismgebelimxare winaswari ganzraxvissafuZvelze daarRvevs aqtismniSvnelovan debulebebs, masSeefardebasisxlissamarTlebrivipasuxismgebloba araumetes 6Tvisa.
96inglisi <strong>personaluri</strong> monacemiewodeba yvela tipisinformacias, romelzedayrdnobiT SesaZlebeliaindividis identifikacia.garda amisa, personalurmonacemad SesaZloa CaiTvalosnebismieri daxasiaTeba an azri,romelic iZleva <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqtis identifikaciissaSualebas.mgrZnobiare kategoriispersonalur monacemebsmiekuTvneba monacemebi,romlebic dakavSirebuliasubieqtis rasobriv da eTnikurwarmomavlobasTan, mispolitikur SexedulebebTan,religiur mrwamsTan,profesiuli kavSirisadmikuTvnilebasTan, fizikuri anfsiqikuri janmrTelobismdgomareobasTan, sqesobrivcxovrebasTan da mis mierdanaSaulis CadenasTan.roca saqme exebagansakuTrebuli kategoriis<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mopovebas.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqti uflebamosilia,moiTxovos nebismierimonacemis waSla, Sesworeba andablokva, Tu mas amisTvisgaaCnia safuZvliani mizezi.personalur monacemTadamuSaveba SesaZlebelia:1. <strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtisudavo Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi;2. <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSaveba aucilebeliakontraqtiT aRebulivaldebulebebisSesasruleblad, romlis erTerTmxares uSualod<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtiwarmoadgens.3. damuSaveba aucilebelia<strong>monacemebis</strong> subieqtissamarTlebrivivaldebulebebisSesasruleblad;4. damuSaveba aucilebeliamonacemis subieqtissasicocxlo interesebisdasacavad;5. damuSaveba aucilebeliamonacemis makontroleblis anmesame mxaris kanonieriinteresebis dasacavad, gardaim SemTxvevebisa, rodesacsafrTxe SesaZlebelia miadgesfunqciebis ganxorcielebisas.igi uflebamosilia,monitoringi gauwiosfederaciis sajaroorganoebis saqmianobas maTmier <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebis,damuSavebis da gamoyenebisprocesSi.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>mTlian procesze kontrolievaleba <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis komisars.komisars evaleba,zedamxedveloba gauwiosmonacemTa makontroleblismier aqtiT gaTvaliswinebulivaldebulebebis Sesrulebas.monacemTa makontroleblismier <strong>monacemebis</strong> mopovebisprocesSi am aqtiTgaTvaliswinebuli ZiriTadiprincipebis darRvevisSemTxvevaSi, <strong>monacemebis</strong>komisari uflebamosilia,gaugzavnos mas Setyobineba.aRniSnuli SetyobinebiT,komisars SeuZlia,dausabuTos makontrolebelsmisi qmedebis SeusabamobaaqtiT gaTvaliswinebulvaldebulebebTan damosTxovos mas misi qmedebisaRebul valdebulebebTanSesabamisobaSi moyvana.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>ukanonod mopoveba, xoloukanonod mopovebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> gayidva an gamxelaisjeba kanoniT.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqti, romelsac miadgebaziani monacemTamakontroleblis qmedebisSedegad, uflebamosilia,moiTxovos miyenebuli zianisanazRaureba, xolo monacemTamakontrolebeli valdebulia,aanazRauros mis miermiyenebuli ziani, garda imgamonaklisi SemTxvevisa, rocaigi daasabuTebs, rom damdgariSedegi ar aris gamowveuli misiqmedebiT.
97ungreTipersonalur monacemebs _warmoadgens iseTi monacemebi,romlebic SeiZlebaasocirebul iqnes konkretulkerZo pirTan da romlidangamomdinarec SesaZlebeliaraime daskvnis gamotana ampirTan dakavSirebiT.monacemebi inarCunebszemoxsenebul Tvisebas maTidamuSavebisas manam, sanam maTikavSiri konkretul pirTanSeiZleba iqnes aRdgenili.specialuri monacemebi _ aris<strong>personaluri</strong> monacemebi,romlebic ukavSirdeba pirisrasobriv warmomavlobas,erovnebas da eTnikurkuTvnilebas, politikurSexedulebebs an partiulkuTvnilebas, religiur an sxvaSexedulebebs, agreTve, iseTimonacemebi, romlebic exebapiris janmrTelobismdgomareobas, aranormalurmonacemis subieqtisuflebebs da kanonierinteresebs.<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>subieqti uflebamosilia,iyos informirebuli<strong>monacemebis</strong> makontroleblisan misi kanonieriwarmomadgenlis miersistematurad im informaciisSesaxeb, romelzedayrdnobiTac xdeba misiidentifikacia.monacemTa damuSaveba _ arismonacemTa Cawera, Senaxva,damuSaveba, gamoyeneba (maTSoris, gadacema dagamoqveyneba). monacemTaSecvla da maTi SemdgomSigamoyenebis aRkveTa, aseve,ganimarteba, rogorcmonacemTa damuSaveba.monacemTa dammuSavebeliaris piri an organo, romelicaxorcielebs monacemTadamuSavebas kanonis mixedviT.personalur monacemTadamuSaveba SesaZlebeliaSesabamisi piris TanxmobiT ankanonis an adgilobriviorganos brZanebissafuZvelze. specialuri<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSaveba SesaZlebeliakanoniT gaTvaliswinebulSemTxvevebSi.kanoni ayalibebs moqalaqeTauflebebis dacvissaparlamento komisris postsda ganixilavs monacemTadacvis reestris sakiTxebs.komisris uflebamosilebaSiSedis Semdegi funqciebi:<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>dacvis Sesaxeb kanonis damonacemebTan dakavSirebulisxva kanonebis moTxovnaTa<strong>dacva</strong>ze zedamxedvelobisganxorcieleba;masTan wardgenilisaCivrebis ganxilva;monacemTa dacvisreestris warmoebisuzrunvelyofa;monacemTa dacvisa dasajaro monacemTa xelmisawvdomobisaTvissaWiropirobebis arsebobis mizniTmonitoringis ganxorcieleba;
98damokidebulebas(narkotikuli an alkoholuri),sqesobriv cxovrebasa annasamarTlobas.personalur monacemTadamuSaveba SesaZloa iyosnebayoflobiTi ansavaldebulo.pirs, romlis <strong>personaluri</strong><strong>monacemebis</strong> damuSavebacxorcieldeba, SeuZliamoiTxovos informacia misi<strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>damuSavebis Sesaxeb. aseve,pirs SeuZlia moiTxovosmonacemTa koreqtireba anwaSla, garda im SemTxvevisa,roca monacemTa damuSavebaaucilebelia kanoniT.monacemTa dacvis reestrixelmisawvdomia yvelasaTvis.monacemTa dacvisaTvisgamiznul kanonproeqtebTandakavSirebiTrekomendaciebis gacema;aseve, SeuZlia, gazardos anSeamciros im monacemTaricxvi, romelic Sedissaxelmwifo an samsaxurebrivsaidumloebaSi.komisars ar aqvs ufleba,ganixilos iseTi sakiTxi,romelic ukve sasamarTloswinaSe aris wardgeniligansaxilvelad. komisari araris xelisuflebiswarmomadgeneli. mas SeuZlia,gamoaqveynos rekomendaciebi,romlebic ar atarebsSemboWvel xasiaTs monacemTadammuSavebel pirebze. maTmovaleobaSi Sedis mxolod 30dRis ganmavlobaSi miRebulizomebis Sesaxeb komisrisaTvisSetyobineba.
99bibliografia1. estoneTis 1992 wlis 28 ivnisis konstitucia;2. estoneTis 2003 wlis 1 oqtombris personalur monacemTa dacvisaqti;3. estoneTis 1997 wlis 19 aprilis monacemTa bazis aqti;4. estoneTis 2001 wlis 1 ianvris sajaro informaciis aqti;5. estoneTis 2004 wlis 1 maisis sazogadoebis sainformaciomomsaxurebis aqti;6. latviis 1992 wlis 14 Tebervlis konstitucia;7. latviis 2001 wlis 1 ianvris kanoni <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvisSesaxeb;8. litvis 1992 wlis 25 oqtombris konstitucia;9. litvis 1996 wlis 11 ivnisis kanoni personalur monacemTa dacvisSesaxeb;10. poloneTis konstitucia;11. poloneTis 1997 wlis 29 agvistos kanoni personalur monacemTadacvis Sesaxeb;12. ungreTis respublikis 1989 wlis konstitucia;13. ungreTis 1992 wlis kanoni <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvisa dasazogadoebrivi interesidan gamomdinare monacemTa gamJRavnebisSesaxeb;14. inglisis 1998 wlis monacemTa dacvis aqti;15. safrangeTis 1978 wlis 6 ianvris aqti monacemTa dacvis, monacemTafailebisa da individualuri Tavisuflebebis Sesaxeb;16. germaniis 1949 wlis konstitucia;17. germaniis 2001 wlis federaluri kanoni <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong>dacvis Sesaxeb;18. holandiis 2000 wlis <strong>personaluri</strong> <strong>monacemebis</strong> dacvis aqti.veb-gverdebi:1. www.ceecprivacy.org2. www.lexadin.nl3. www.dutchdpa.nl4. http://www.opsi.gov.uk5. http://www.datenschutz-berlin.de6. http://www.cnil.fr
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