470 Zveli qarTuli profesiuli musikis zogierTi Taviseburebis Sesaxeb
470 Zveli qarTuli profesiuli musikis zogierTi Taviseburebis Sesaxeb 470 Zveli qarTuli profesiuli musikis zogierTi Taviseburebis Sesaxeb
Zveli qarTuli profesiuli musikiszogierTi Taviseburebis Sesaxeb473sa da dasavleTis saeklesio musika yalibdeboda musikaluri praqtikidanmomdinare kiloebis safuZvelze. kilos specifikur saxes qmnidnenhangebi, intonaciebi. yvelaze gavrcelebul, damaxasiaTebel motivebs,dakavSirebuls garkveul himnebTan, axali melodiebis Seqmnisdros nimuSebad iyenebdnen, e.i. isini iZendnen modelebis mniSvnelobas.yvela xalxis Semoqmedebis istoriuli ganviTarebis manZilze Seiqmnagarkveuli raodenoba melodiuri stereotipebisa, romlebic adamianTaSegnebaSi Camoyalibda formulebis saxiT. rvaxmis sistemis sakompoziciosistemamac es principi daido safuZvlad. mrevls esmodanacnobi, magram varirebuli musikaluri frazebi, romlebic erTmaneT-Tan dakavSirebulni iyvnen axal-axali gadasvlebiT.qarTuli sagalobeli darCa kilouri azrovnebis am stadiaze, evropuliprofesiuli musika ki gascda am stadias, masSi TandaTan gabatondatonalur-funqcionaluri sistema, da rogorc b. asafievi aRniSnavs,evropuli musika eyrdnoba `erTian kilos~ ori mixrilobiT –maJoruliT da minoruliT. amgvarad, monodiuri galobis sayrdeni kilouriazrovneba dairRva da evropulma profesiulma mravalxmianobamdaamkvidra maJor-minoruli sistema (Àñàôüåâ, 1971:229). qarTulgalobaSi es problema arc Seqmnila, radgan odiTgan arsebuli mravalxmianobadRemde myarad efuZneba xalxur kilour azrovnebas.evropuli profesiuli mravalxmianobis Semdgom aRmavlobas xeliSeuwyo notaciis Seqmnam. qarTuli sagaloblis sanoto sistemaze dafiqsirebaki mxolod XIX saukunis bolos moxerxda, Tumca amis gamomravalxmianobis mravalsaukunovan tradicias araferi dahklebia. qar-Tveli kacisTvis mravalxmianoba imdenad sisxlxorceuli movlenaa, rombolo dromde mgaloblisaTvis erTi, wamyvani xmis aRnusxvac sakmarisiiyo. amis damadasturebelia cnobili mgaloblebis mier mowodebulicnobebi (kereseliZe, Q-84, 38; xundaZe, f. 16/43; karbelaSvili v., 1898. f.199).agreTve is TvalsaCino faqti, rom uxvad gvxvdeba sanoto krebulebida xelnawerebi, romlebSic sagaloblis mxolod erTi-pirveli xmaa dafiqsirebuli.meore xmisa da banis Sewyoba problemas ar warmoadgenda.yvela mecnieri, vinc ki qarTuli sagaloblis musikaluri aRnagobissakiTxs Seexo, meore xmis wamyvan, warmmarTvel mniSvnelobaze miu-TiTebda (Àðàêèøâèëè, 1905:332; CijavaZe, 1967:78; javaxiSvili, 1990:305 dasxv.). meore xma marTlac gamoirCeva melodiuri naxazis gamomsaxvelobiT,moqnilobiT, magram intonaciurma analizma da calkeul xmaTa funqciisSeswavlam metad saintereso da mniSvnelovan daskvnamde mimiyvana.aRmoCnda, rom sagalobelSi konstruqciuli RerZis da, Tu SeiZlebaiTqvas, erTgvari cantus firmus-is rols pirveli xma asrulebs. sworedpirveli xmis intonaciuri formulebi aRmoCnda yvelaze myari, stabiluri.es formulebi qmnian melodiur jaWvs. danarCeni xmebi pirvelxmasTan axdenen koordinacias, aqedan gamomdinare, harmonizaciis maorientirebelipirveli xmaa.
474 marika ositaSviliminda Sevexo kidev erT mniSvnelovan garemoebas. rogorc aRvniSne,jer kidev X saukuneSi qarTvelebs hqondaT originaluri sagalobomusikaluri niSnebi, romlebic TandaTanobiT daviwyebas iqnen micemulni.XVII saukunidan maT sanacvlod damkvidrdnen e.w. `Wrelebi~.imis magier, rom sagaloblis hangi musikaluri niSnebiT aReniSnaT,WrelebiT Semkul krebulebSi aRwerilia, Tu sagaloblis romeli nawiliras miagavs, an ras warmoadgens. Wrelebi Zalian Sors iyvnenmusikaluri masalis zusti fiqsaciisagan da XX saukunemde sagaloblebifaqtiurad zepiri tradiciiT gadadiodnen Taobidan TaobaSi. dro-Ta ganmavlobaSi sagalobelma SeiZina xalxuri simRerisaTvis damaxasiaTebelisxva niSnebic: anonimuroba da variantuloba da ufro metaddauaxlovda mas. siaxlove ki xalxur simRerasa da sagalobels odiTganvehqondaT. mravalsaukunovani Tanaarsebobis manZilze isini zegavlenasaxdendnen erTmaneTze, avsebdnen, amdidrebdnen, Tavis ganumeorebelmadls scxebdnen erTmaneTs. sagulisxmoa, rom grigoliseuliqorali ganuyoflad aris dakavSirebuli kultTan, kaTolikuri liturgikisgareSe igi warmoudgenelia. bizantiuri sagaloblebis garkveulijgufi ki sruldeboda imperatoris karze sazeimo ceremoniebisdros, JRerda ipodromze, quCaSi msvlelobisas da a.S. saqarTveloSicdamkvidrda es tradicia, qarTuli sagalobelic amSvenebda mefissasaxlis nadims. didebulTa ojaxebis mejliszec jer saeklesiogalobiT tkbebodnen da Semdeg saero simReriT. cnobili mgaloblebiimavdroulad xalxuri simReris ubadlo Semsruleblebic iyvnen. meoremxriv, eklesiaSi mefidan dawyebuli ukanasknel glexkacamde yvelagalobda (karbelaSvili p., 1898:29-30).TandaTanobiT galobaSi Tavi iCina dialeqturma diferenciaciam,rac esoden TvalsaCinoa xalxur sasimRero SemoqmedebaSi. aqedan gamomdinare,Seiqmna qarTuli galobis ori areali – qarTl-kaxuri daimerul-guruli galoba. galobis ganviTarebaze ukve did gavlenasaxdens adgilobrivi tendenciebi, saSemsruleblo praqtikis Tavisebureba.Tumca qarTl-kaxuri da imerul-guruli sada kilos sagaloblebiimdenad axlos dganan erTmaneTTan, rom Tavisuflad SeiZlebagalobis zogadqarTuli fuZe enis dadgena.ganvlo ra ganviTarebis Taviseburi gza, qarTulma sagalobelmaesTetikuri funqciac SeinarCuna, igi dResac aRZravs emociebs, misimravalxmianobis daxvewili formebi aRafrTovaneben msmenels. sworedes momenti – siZvelis ardaZveleba aris ukvdavebis utyuari niSani. daTu qarTul sagalobelSi umaRles rangSia ayvanili tradiciebisadmierTguleba, gasaocaria is dauSreteli, amouwuravi Sinagani impulsebi,ganviTarebis Sinagani tendenciebi, romlebic acocxleben da anviTarebensagalobels, axal-axal Zalasa da energias mateben, Signidanasxivosneben mas. aq ar SeiZleba ar gavixsenoT saukuneTa manZilze wmindamamaTa naazrevi, mSvenivrad ganzogadebuli arqimandrit rafaelis
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474 marika ositaSviliminda Sevexo kidev erT mniSvnelovan garemoebas. rogorc aRvniSne,jer kidev X saukuneSi qarTvelebs hqondaT originaluri sagalobomusikaluri niSnebi, romlebic TandaTanobiT daviwyebas iqnen micemulni.XVII saukunidan maT sanacvlod damkvidrdnen e.w. `Wrelebi~.imis magier, rom sagaloblis hangi musikaluri niSnebiT aReniSnaT,WrelebiT Semkul krebulebSi aRwerilia, Tu sagaloblis romeli nawiliras miagavs, an ras warmoadgens. Wrelebi Zalian Sors iyvnenmusikaluri masalis zusti fiqsaciisagan da XX saukunemde sagaloblebifaqtiurad zepiri tradiciiT gadadiodnen Taobidan TaobaSi. dro-Ta ganmavlobaSi sagalobelma SeiZina xalxuri simRerisaTvis damaxasiaTebelisxva niSnebic: anonimuroba da variantuloba da ufro metaddauaxlovda mas. siaxlove ki xalxur simRerasa da sagalobels odiTganvehqondaT. mravalsaukunovani Tanaarsebobis manZilze isini zegavlenasaxdendnen erTmaneTze, avsebdnen, amdidrebdnen, Tavis ganumeorebelmadls scxebdnen erTmaneTs. sagulisxmoa, rom grigoliseuliqorali ganuyoflad aris dakavSirebuli kultTan, kaTolikuri liturgikisgareSe igi warmoudgenelia. bizantiuri sagaloblebis garkveulijgufi ki sruldeboda imperatoris karze sazeimo ceremoniebisdros, JRerda ipodromze, quCaSi msvlelobisas da a.S. saqarTveloSicdamkvidrda es tradicia, <strong>qarTuli</strong> sagalobelic amSvenebda mefissasaxlis nadims. didebulTa ojaxebis mejliszec jer saeklesiogalobiT tkbebodnen da Semdeg saero simReriT. cnobili mgaloblebiimavdroulad xalxuri simReris ubadlo Semsruleblebic iyvnen. meoremxriv, eklesiaSi mefidan dawyebuli ukanasknel glexkacamde yvelagalobda (karbelaSvili p., 1898:29-30).TandaTanobiT galobaSi Tavi iCina dialeqturma diferenciaciam,rac esoden TvalsaCinoa xalxur sasimRero SemoqmedebaSi. aqedan gamomdinare,Seiqmna <strong>qarTuli</strong> galobis ori areali – qarTl-kaxuri daimerul-guruli galoba. galobis ganviTarebaze ukve did gavlenasaxdens adgilobrivi tendenciebi, saSemsruleblo praqtikis Tavisebureba.Tumca qarTl-kaxuri da imerul-guruli sada kilos sagaloblebiimdenad axlos dganan erTmaneTTan, rom Tavisuflad SeiZlebagalobis zogad<strong>qarTuli</strong> fuZe enis dadgena.ganvlo ra ganviTarebis Taviseburi gza, qarTulma sagalobelmaesTetikuri funqciac SeinarCuna, igi dResac aRZravs emociebs, misimravalxmianobis daxvewili formebi aRafrTovaneben msmenels. sworedes momenti – si<strong>Zveli</strong>s ardaZveleba aris ukvdavebis utyuari niSani. daTu qarTul sagalobelSi umaRles rangSia ayvanili tradiciebisadmierTguleba, gasaocaria is dauSreteli, amouwuravi Sinagani impulsebi,ganviTarebis Sinagani tendenciebi, romlebic acocxleben da anviTarebensagalobels, axal-axal Zalasa da energias mateben, Signidanasxivosneben mas. aq ar SeiZleba ar gavixsenoT saukuneTa manZilze wmindamamaTa naazrevi, mSvenivrad ganzogadebuli arqimandrit rafaelis
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