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Laporan Tahunan 2 0041

2Lembaga a Penelitian SMERUS M E R U R e s e a r c h I n s t i t u t eLaporan Tahunan 2 004

3About SMERUSMERU is an independent institution for researchand policy studies which professionally and proactivelyprovides accurate and timely information as well asobjective analysis on various socioeconomic and povertyissues considered most urgent and relevant for thepeople of Indonesia.With the challenges facing Indonesian society in poverty reduction,social protection, social sector improvement, development indemocratization processes, and the implementation ofdecentralization, there continues to be a pressing need forindependent studies of the kind that SMERU has been providing.Vision• SMERU aims to provide information andanalysis to contribute to widening publicpolicy dialogue on the solutions tosocioeconomic, poverty and vulnerabilityto poverty issues directly relating to thewelfare of the Indonesian people.• SMERU endeavors to strengthen the roleof the community in the formulation andimplementation of public policies.Mission• To carry out research on socioeconomicand poverty issues for the purpose ofimproving public policies and theirimplementation.• To develop alternative models for publicpolicies and their implementation.• To provide accurate and timely informationon socio-economic, poverty and vulnerabilityto poverty issues, as well as related publicpolicies and their implementation.This will, be achieved through activecontact with, and early dissemination of,research results to civil society groups, thegovernment, and international agencies.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

4Tententang SMERUL e mbaga Penelitian SMERU adalah sebuah lembaga independenyang melakukan penelitian dan pengkajian kebijakan publik secaraprofesional dan proaktif, serta menyediakan informasi akurat, tepatwaktu, dengan analisis yang objektif mengenai berbagai masalahsosial-ekonomi dan kemiskinan yang dianggap mendesak dan pentingbagi rakyat Indonesia.Melihat tantangan yang dihadapimasyarakat Indonesia dalam upayapenanggulangan kemiskinan, perlindungansosial, perbaikan sektor sosial,pengembangan demokrasi, danpelaksanaan desentralisasi, makakebutuhan terhadap kajian independensebagaimana yang dilakukan oleh SMERUselama ini sangatlah diperlukan.Visi• SMERU berusaha menyediakan informasidan analisis untuk memperluas dialogkebijakan publik tentang pemecahanmasalah sosial-ekonomi dan kemiskinanserta kerentanan terhadap kemiskinanyang menyangkut kesejahteraanmasyarakat Indonesia.• SMERU berupaya meningkatkan perananmasyarakat dalam proses perumusan danpelaksanaan kebijakan publik.Misi• Melakukan penelitian mengenaiberbagai persoalan sosial-ekonomi dankemiskinan guna memperbaiki kebijakanpublik dan pelaksanaannya.• Mengembangkan model-model alternatifkebijakan publik serta pelaksanaannya.• Menyediakan informasi akurat dantepat waktu mengenai masalah sosialekonomi,kemiskinan dan kerentananterhadap kemiskinan, dan kebijakanpublik dan pelaksanaannya. Hal inidilakukan melalui kontak aktif sertapenyebarluasan hasil penelitian kepadaberbagai kelompok masyarakat sipil,pemerintah, dan lembaga internasional.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

9The People InsideBoard of Governors/Badan PengurusFounders/Badan PendiriDr. Sudarno Sumarto(SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta)Dr. Syaikhu Usman(SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta)Ir. Sri Kusumastuti Rahayu, M.Ec.(SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta)Bambang Soelaksono, S.H., M.M.(SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta)Dr. John Maxwell(ANTARA-AusAID Program, Kupang)Dr. Thee Kian Wie(Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta)Gregory Churchill, JD(Ali Budiarjo, Nugroho, Reksodiputro Counsellorsat Law, Jakarta)Dr. Zohra Andi Baso(South Sulawesi Consumer Organization,Makassar)Dr. Joan Hardjono(Independent Researcher, Bandung)Dr. Ilyas Saad(GIAT Project of USAID, Jakarta)Dr. Syarief Hidayat(Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta)Dr. Boen Setiawan(PT. Kalbe Farma, Jakarta)Ir. Palgunadi T. Setyawan(ABAC, Indonesia Secretariat, Jakarta)Dr. Asep Suryahadi(SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta)Dra. Nuning Akhmadi, M.Sc.(SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta)Ir. Widjajanti Isdijoso S. M.Ec.(SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta)Laporan Tahunan 2 004

10Orang-orang-orang SMERUAdvisory Board/Badan PenasehatMs. Laura E. Bailey, M.P.P.(Innovative Resource Partners, Montana)Dr. Boediono(Faculty of Economics, Gadjah Mada University,Yogyakarta)Dr. Tubagus Feridhanusetyawan(International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C.)Prof. James J. Fox(Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies,Australian National University, Canberra)Dr. Joan Hardjono(Independent Researcher, Bandung)Dr. Thee Kian Wie(Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta)Dr. Mohamad Ikhsan(Institute for Economic and Social Research,University of Indonesia, Jakarta)Dr. Alexander Irwan(The TIFA Foundation, Jakarta)Dr. Chris Manning(Indonesia Project, Australian NationalUniversity, Canberra)Prof. Gustav F. Papanek(Boston Institute for Developing Economies, Boston)Dr. Lant H. Pritchett(Kennedy School of Government, HarvardUniversity, Cambridge, M.A.)Prof. M. Sadli(Indonesia Forum, Jakarta)Dr. Henry M. Sandee(Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam)Dr. Solita Sarwono(Freelance Consultant, Wassenaar)Mr. Soedarpo Sastrosatomo(Samudera Indonesia Group, Jakarta)Prof. Gavin W. Jones(Asia Research Institute,National University of Singapore)Laporan Tahunan 2 004

11The People InsideManagement/ManajemenSudarno SumartoDirector/DirekturPh.D. - Vanderbilt UniversityLuddette Maria Torno(Resigned in July 2004)External Affairs/Hubungan LuarM.Sc. - University of the PhilippinesResearchers/PenelitiSyaikhu UsmanSenior Researcher/Peneliti SeniorPh.D. - Cornell UniversitySri Kusumastuti RahayuSenior Researcher/Peneliti SeniorM.Ec. -North Carolina State UniversityBambang SulaksonoSenior Researcher/Peneliti SeniorM.M. - University of IndonesiaWidjajanti Isdijoso S.Senior Researcher/Peneliti SeniorM.Ec.- University of QueenslandRuly Marianti(Commenced in October 2004)Senior Researcher/Peneliti SeniorPh.D. - University of AmsterdamHastutiResearcher/PenelitiS1 degree - Bogor Institute of AgricultureAkhmadiResearcher/PenelitiS1 degree - Gajah Mada UniversitySri BudiyatiResearcher/PenelitiS1 degree - University of IndonesiaWawan MunawarResearcher/PenelitiS1 degree - ITENASAsep SuryahadiDeputy Director/Wakil DirekturPh.D. - Australian National UniversityManasi Bhattacharyya(Commenced in August 2004)External Affairs/Hubungan LuarM.Sc., M.Phil. - University of CalcuttaNina ToyamahResearcher/PenelitiS1 degree - Bogor Institute of AgricultureSulton MawardiResearcher/PenelitiM.Comm. - University of WollongongVita FebrianyResearcher/PenelitiM.A. - Bandung Institute of TechnologyWenefrida Widyanti(Resigned in August 2004)Researcher/PenelitiS1 degree - Gajah Mada UniversityAlexander ArifiantoResearcher/PenelitiM.A. - Brandeis UniversityRizki FillailiResearcher/PenelitiM.A. - Institute of Social StudiesDaniel SuryadarmaResearcher/PenelitiM.A. - University of TorontoDaniel PerwiraJunior Researcher/Peneliti MudaS1 degree - Bogor Institute of AgricultureRima Prama Artha(Resigned in December 2004)Junior Researcher/Peneliti MudaS1 degree - University of IndonesiaLaporan Tahunan 2 004

12Orang-orang-orang SMERUPublications and Information Team/Tim Publikasi dan InformasiNuning AkhmadiPublications & Information Coordinator/Koordinator Publikasi & InformasiM.Sc - Cornell UniversityLiza HadizAssistant Editor/Asisten EditorS1 degree - University of IndonesiaRobert Justin SodoAssistant Editor/Asisten EditorS1 degree - Sanata Dharma UniversityKathryn Sadler(Assignment Completed December 2004)Translator/PenerjemahB.Comm./B.A.- University of Western AustraliaChris Stewart(Commenced in September 2004)Translator/PenerjemahM.A. - Griffith UniversityMona SintiaPublications & Communications Officer/Staf Publikasi dan KomunikasiS1 degree - Bogor Institute of AgricultureMirna WildaniSenior Administrator/Staf Administrasi SeniorS1 degree - University of IndonesiaBambang Cahyono Hadi(Resigned in September 2004)Computer System Officer/Staf Sistem KomputerS1 degree - Bandung Institute of TechnologyDili Syahroni Timor(Commenced in September 2004)Information Technology/Staf Sistem KomputerS1 degree - University of DiponegoroHariyanti SadalyNGO Partnership Officer/Staf Kemitraan dengan OrnopS1 degree - Bogor Institute of AgricultureSufiet ErlitaLibrarian/PustakawanS1 degree - University of IndonesiaAdministration and Finance Team/Tim Administrasi dan KeuanganMardianiAdministrative Assistant/Asisten AdministrasiDiploma III - Borobudur UniversityHesti MarsonoAccounting Officer/Staf AkuntansiB.Comm.- Australian National UniversityRusky AviandhiFinance Officer/Staf KeuanganS1 degree - Trisakti UniversitySupriyadiOperational Assistant/Asisten OperasionalSenior High SchoolLaporan Tahunan 2 004

13Research HighlightsSAADPThe Sulawesi Agricultural Area DevelopmentProject (SAADP) is an economic-commercialproject to reduce poverty in Central andSoutheast Sulawesi. The project was fundedby a World Bank loan, and implementedbetween August 1996 and December 2003.Since 1999 the focus of the project has beentargeted at local community initiatives (IMS)with an emphasis on microfinance activities,that are managed at the village level by theVillage Finance/Activities Management Unit(UPKD).At the request of the World Bank, fromFebruary to May 2004 the SMERU ResearchInstitute undertook research on SAADP to:evaluate its economic and social impact;investigate the implementation process at thelocal level; and study the experience ofSAADP in the framework of policydevelopment and planning future activities.The research used a combination ofqualitative and quantitative methods and wascarried out in four kabupaten, namelyDonggala and Tolitoli in Central SulawesiProvince as well as Konawe Selatan andMuna in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Ineach kabupaten, three villages that hadparticipated in SAADP were selected assample areas, also one village as onecontrol village. There were a total of 618respondent households, consisting of 408SAADP households, 90 control householdsliving in the SAADP villages and 120 controlhouseholds in control villages. Samplehouseholds were chosen randomly, exceptfor control households in the SAADP villagesthat were selected purposively.Based on the evaluation results, it can beconcluded that the success of the SAADPproject is the result of the development ofthe UPKD, the implementation mechanismand its impact on community socio-economicaspects that varies between research areas.Nevertheless, the SAADP project has overallbeen less than successful because mostUPKDs are not running smoothly and theimpact of the project on the community'ssocio-economic condition is relatively minor.Considering the many ongoing weaknessesin project implementation, that anunderperforming UPKD can influence theperformance of other UPKDs, the relativelylarge amount of resources and fundsalready spent and the fact that the presenceof UPKDs is also still felt to be important bythe community, if the SAADP project is to becontinued, it should focus on reviving,improving and expanding the existingUPKDs so that they can provide an examplefor future project implementation.•Laporan Tahunan 2 004

15Research HighlightsVERIFICATION OF POVERTY MAPPING IISMERU has developed a poverty map for30 provinces of Indonesia that estimatespoverty figures disaggregated down to thevillage level using econometric modelingbased on Susenas 1999, Podes 1999 andPopulation Census 2000 data. This mappingexercise was carried out so that programimplementers could better determine thetarget for poverty reduction and socialprotection programs. A field verification studywas conducted to assess whether themapping study using secondary data couldcapture the actual poverty condition. Thestudy attempted to understand the realdimensions of poverty, rank the regions(kabupaten, kecamatan and villages)according to their poverty condition andcompare them with rankings based onquantitative estimates.Since poverty conditions are best understoodby local people, this study adopted aparticipatory approach. The data wasprimarily collected through focus groupdiscussions (FGDs) conducted at theprovince, kabupaten, kecamatan and villagelevels. The main information collectedthrough focus group discussions wascomplemented by a review of secondarydata, interviews with key informants atkecamatan and village levels, and directobservation at the village level. The studyfound that the poverty rankings acrosskabupaten and kecamatan by small-areaestimation method are reasonably consistentwith the rankings generated through FGDs,but less consistent at the village level. Thusthe study suggests that small-area povertyestimates at the village level should be usedcautiously and it is advisable to verify themusing qualitative measures such as FGD ordirect observations.The preliminary findings have been presentedat the International Conference on MappingPoverty in Southeast Asia jointly organized bythe SMERU Research Institute and the FordFoundation in Jakarta on 1-2 December2004, and at the Regional Workshop entitled"Study on Small-Area Poverty Estimation"organized by SMERU in collaboration with theResearch Center of Mataram University inLombok, on 20 December 2004. Anotherregional workshop was organized jointly withthe University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado on31 January 2005 to present the findings ofthis study. The report will be disseminated tothe public and other relevant agencies andinstitutions. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

16Sorotan an PenelitianVERIFIKASI PEMETAAN KEMISKINAN IISMERU telah menyusun peta kemiskinanuntuk 30 provinsi di Indonesia yangmengestimasi angka kemiskinan yang terincihingga ke tingkat desa dengan menggunakanmodel ekonometrik berdasarkan data Susenas1999, Podes 1999 dan Sensus Penduduk2000. Pemetaan ini dilakukan agar pelaksanaprogram dapat menetapkan sasaran programpenanggulangan kemiskinan danperlindungan sosial dengan lebih baik. Studiverifikasi lapangan dilakukan untuk melihatapakah studi pemetaan denganmenggunakan data sekunder mampumenangkap kondisi kemiskinan yangsebenarnya. Studi ini berupaya memahamidimensi kemiskinan yang sesungguhnya,urutan wilayah-wilayah (kabupaten,kecamatan dan desa) sesuai dengan kondisikemiskinannya dan membandingkan urutanwilayah tersebut dengan urutan berdasarkanestimasi kuantitatif.Karena kondisi kemiskinan lebih dipahamioleh kaum miskin itu sendiri, studi inimenggunakan pendekatan partisipatoris.Data penelitian terutama dikumpulkanmelalui Diskusi Kelompok Terarah (FGD) ditingkat provinsi, kabupaten, kecamatan dandesa. Informasi utama yang dihimpun melaluidiskusi kelompok ini dilengkapi dengantinjauan data sekunder, wawancara denganinforman kunci di tingkat kecamatan dandesa, dan pengamatan langsung di tingkatdesa. Studi ini menemukan bahwa urutantingkat kemiskinan di semua kabupaten dankecamatan dengan metode estimasi wilayahkecil cukup konsisten dengan urutan yangdiperoleh melalui Diskusi Kelompok Terarah,tetapi kurang konsisten di tingkat desa.Dengan demikian, studi ini menunjukkanbahwa estimasi kemiskinan di wilayah kecildi tingkat desa harus digunakan denganpenuh kehati-hatian. Disarankan estimasitersebut diverifikasi dengan menggunakanpendekatan kualitatif, misalnya melaluiDiskusi Kelompok Terarah atau pengamatanlangsung di lapangan.Temuan awal studi ini telah dipresentasikan diKonferensi Internasional "Mapping Poverty inSoutheast Asia", kerja sama antara LembagaPenelitian SMERU dan Ford Foundation diJakarta pada 1-2 Desember 2004, juga diLokakarya Daerah dengan topik "Studimengenai Estimasi Kemiskinan Wilayah Kecil"yang diselenggarakan oleh SMERU bekerjasama dengan Lembaga Penelitian UniversitasMataram di Lombok pada 20 Desember2004. Sebuah lokakarya daerah jugadiadakan bersama Universitas Sam Ratulangidi Manado pada 31 Januari 2005 untukmengangkat temuan studi ini. Laporan iniakan disebarluaskan kepada publik,lembaga atau badan terkait. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

17Research HighlightsLESSONS LEARNED FROM MICROFINANCESERVICES IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA (NTT)Microfinance is considered an importantand effective tool for poverty reduction. InIndonesia, the microfinance movement hasalready gained momentum, andmicrofinance schemes have been providedby various types of formal and informalfinancial institutions.East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is known as oneof the least-developed provinces inIndonesia. For this reason, various aidprograms, including microfinance schemes,have been developed in this province. Itremains to be proven, however, whethermicrofinance schemes are an effectiveinstrument for poverty reduction in NTT.SMERU sees the need to undertake a furtherinvestigation of these schemes.The objectives of the study are firstly, toassess the effectiveness of microfinanceschemes in NTT and document the lessonsthat can be learnt, and, secondly, to identifythe unmet demand for microfinance services.With regard to the methodology, the studyadopted a qualitative approach. The fieldresearch team conducted interviews usingguiding questions to collect information atthe provincial, kabupaten/kota, kecamatan,and village levels. At the village level, theteam also conducted in-depth interviewswith respondents who participated in thescheme as well as those who did not.Kabupaten Kupang and Manggarai wereselected as sample districts based on thepresence of microfinance services and othersocioeconomic criteria.This study found that inadequate resourcesand infrastructure, a lack of proper skillsand knowledge, poor access to markets anda lack of marketable surplus prevent thepoor in NTT from benefiting frommicrofinance schemes or becomingengaged in income-generating activities.Microfinance services alone are insufficientto improve the economic status of the poorin NTT. This study suggests that othersectoral activities need to be developedbefore providing the poor with microfinanceservices. The study findings have beendisseminated among government agencies,non-government organizations and otherstakeholders. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

18Sorotan an PenelitianPELAJARAN BERHARGA DARI PELAYANANKEUANGAN MIKRO DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR (NTT)Keuangan mikro dianggap sebagaiinstrumen penting dan efektif bagi upayapenanggulangan kemiskinan. Di Indonesia,gerakan keuangan mikro telah mencapaimomentum yang tepat, dan skema keuanganmikro telah disediakan oleh beragamlembaga keuangan mikro baik formalmaupun informal.Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) dikenal sebagaisalah satu provinsi termiskin di Indonesia. Atasdasar itulah, berbagai program bantuantermasuk skema keuangan mikro telahdikembangkan di provinsi ini. Namun, tetapperlu dibuktikan apakah skema keuangan mikromerupakan instrumen yang efektif bagi upayapenanggulangan kemiskinan di NTT. SMERUmelihat adanya kebutuhan untuk mengkaji ulangskema keuangan mikro yang ada.Tujuan dari studi ini adalah, pertama, untukmengkaji efektivitas skema keuangan mikro diNTT dan mendokumentasikan pelajaranpelajaranberharga yang dapat dipetik, dankedua, untuk mengidentifikasi permintaanpelayanan keuangan mikro yang belumterpenuhi. Berkaitan dengan metodologiyang digunakan, studi ini menerapkanpendekatan kualitatif. Tim penelitilapangan melakukan wawancara denganmenggunakan panduan pertanyaan untukmengumpulkan informasi di tingkatprovinsi, kabupaten/kota, kecamatan dandesa. Di tingkat desa, tim juga melakukanwawancara mendalam dengan respondenyang ikut maupun yang tidak dalam skemakeuangan mikro. Kabupaten Kupang danManggarai dipilih sebagai sampel kabupatenberdasarkan adanya pelayanan keuanganmikro dan kriteria sosial-ekonomi lainnya.Studi ini menemukan bahwa sumber dayadan infrastruktur yang kurang memadai,kurangnya ketrampilan dan pengetahuan,akses pasar yang minim dan rendahnyasurplus yang dapat dipasarkan telahmenghambat kelompok miskin di NTT untukmendapat manfaat dari skema keuanganmikro atau terlibat dalam kegiatanpeningkatan pendapatan. Dapatdisimpulkan bahwa pelayanan keuanganmikro saja tidaklah cukup untukmeningkatkan status ekonomi kelompokmiskin di NTT. Studi ini menyarankan agarkegiatan sektor lain perlu dikembangkansebelum menyediakan pelayanan keuanganmikro bagi kelompok miskin. Temuan studiini telah disebarluaskan di antara lembagapemerintah dan Ornop serta pemangkukepentingan lainnya. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

19Research HighlightsWHEN TEACHERS ARE ABSENT:WHERE DO THEY GO AND WHAT IS THE IMPACTON THE STUDENTS?This report presents the results of a surveyconducted in 10 kabupaten on primaryeducation in Indonesia. The reportspecifically looks at teacher absenteeism andits effect on students. By determining thecorrelation between teacher absenteeismand the characteristics of individual teachers,schools and areas, the report providesnational policy-makers with information onabsenteeism, its effects and how to addressit. This research is the first of its kind inIndonesia.student-teacher ratios that are either too lowor too high are detrimental to studentperformance; and 7) student test results arelower if their teacher has additional jobs.The findings of this study have been used asthe basis for follow-up studies: "EducationBudget Allocation in the Regional AutonomyEra: Its Implication for the Management ofPrimary Education Services" and "TheDeterminants of Student Performance inIndonesian Public Primary Schools: The Roleof Teachers and Schools." •The research work drew a number ofconclusions, including, inter alia: 1)Indonesia's public primary school teachershave an absenteeism rate of 19%; 2)absenteeism is significantly lower amongstfemale teachers; 3) the absenteeism rate issignificantly higher amongst contract andcasual teachers; 4) school facilities play animportant role in teacher absenteeism; 5)students in rural schools perform significantlypoorer in mathematical and literacy testscompared to students in urban schools; 6)Laporan Tahunan 2 004

20Sorotan an PenelitianKETIKA GURU ABSEN:KEMANA MEREKA DAN BAGAIMANA MURID?Laporan ini menyajikan hasilsurvei yang dilaksanakan di 10kabupaten mengenai pendidikandasar di Indonesia. Laporan iniutamanya meneliti ketidakhadiranguru dan dampaknya terhadapmurid. Dengan menetapkankorelasi antara ketidakhadiranguru dan karakteristik individu guru, sekolahdan wilayah, laporan ini memberikaninformasi bagi para pembuat kebijakannasional mengenai ketidakhadiran guru,dampaknya dan bagaimana masalah inidapat diatasi. Penelitian dengan topik ini barupertama kali dilakukan di Indonesia.Penelitian ini menghasilkan sejumlahkesimpulan, antara lain: 1) rata-rataketidakhadiran guru sekolah dasar negeri diIndonesia adalah 19%; 2) ketidakhadiranguru secara signifikan lebih rendah di antaraguru perempuan; 3) rata-rata ketidakhadiransecara signifikan lebih tinggi di antara gurukontrak dan guru honorer; 4) fasilitas sekolahberperan penting dalam ketidakhadiran guru;5) kinerja murid di perdesaan dalam testmatematika dan bahasa secara signifikanlebih rendah dibandingkan dengan murid diperkotaan; 6) Perbandingan antara guru danmurid yang terlalu rendah atau terlalu tinggiberakibat buruk terhadap kinerja murid; dan7) hasil test murid lebih rendah bila gurumereka mempunyai pekerjaan sampingan.Temuan studi ini telah digunakan sebagaidasar untuk studi-studi SMERU berikutnya,yaitu: "Alokasi Anggaran Pendidikan di EraOtonomi Daerah: Implikasinya terhadapPengelolaan Pelayanan Pendidikan Dasar"dan "Penentu Kinerja Murid di SekolahDasar Negeri Indonesia: Peran Guru danSekolah." •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

21Research HighlightsSOCIAL SECURITY REFORM IN INDONESIA:AN ANALYSIS OF THE NEW NATIONAL SOCIALSECURITY LAW NO 40/2004SMERU's study on Indonesia's social securityreform legislation is an extension of SMERU'sfocus on poverty reduction in the country. It isrecognized that an effective social securitysystem could help alleviate poverty. Theemerging consensus among social securityexperts worldwide however, is that while socialsecurity provision is important to help alleviatepoverty, it should be developed carefully andgradually so as not to inhibit economic growthand labor market flexibility, and as much aspossible should be provided through acompetitive market.The Indonesian government has recentlypassed a new national social security law(Law No. 40 of 2004), which supportershave boasted would make the existing socialsecurity system work better, providing morebenefits for the beneficiaries, and wouldextend the social security coverage to moreworkers, both in the formal and informalsectors. Opponents have however, voicedconcerns that the new law has too manyweaknesses. SMERU's research is anattempt to critically analyze the new law andto predict its possible impacts on Indonesianworkers and the economy in general.From our analysis, we conclude that thereare several potentially serious problems inthe government plan as outlined in the newlaw, such as: it could worsen labor marketconditions, might be financiallyunsustainable, could create negativepressures on the state budget and does notallow competition in the provision of socialsecurity benefits because the program wouldbe administered as a public monopoly. Thisis in contrast to the consensus that apublicly provided social security scheme isno longer a viable model. Instead, moreevidence has emerged from both developedand developing countries to indicate thatprivately provided social security schemesare, in general, better suited to workers'retirement needs.In conclusion, we propose that Indonesiashould seriously consider adopting a socialsecurity scheme based on the widely usedthree-pillar system consisting of public socialsafety nets, private social security accountsand individual savings, in order to reform thecurrent social security system in Indonesia. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

22Sorotan an PenelitianREFORMASI JAMINAN SOSIAL DI INDONESIA:ANALISIS UU NO 40/2004 TENTANGJAMINAN SOSIAL NASIONAL YANG BARUStudi SMERU mengenai reformasi peraturanperundangan jaminan sosial pemerintahIndonesia adalah perluasan dari fokusSMERU terhadap penanggulangankemiskinan di negeri ini. Diakui bahwa sistemjaminan sosial yang efektif akan mampumenanggulangi kemiskinan. Namun,konsensus yang muncul di antara para pakarjaminan sosial di berbagai penjuru duniaadalah bahwa meskipun penyediaan jaminansosial dianggap penting untukmenanggulangi kemiskinan, jaminan sosialharus dikembangkan dengan hati-hati dansecara bertahap agar tidak menghambatpertumbuhan ekonomi atau mengganggufleksibilitas pasar tenaga kerja, dan sedapatmungkin harus diberikan melalui mekanismepasar yang kompetitif.Pemerintah Indonesia baru-baru inimengesahkan UU No 40/2004 tentangJaminan Sosial Nasional yang digembargemborkanpendukungnya bahwa UUtersebut akan menjadikan sistem jaminansosial yang sudah ada berjalan lebih baik,memberikan manfaat lebih besar padapenerima program, dan akan memperluasjangkauan layanan jaminan sosial kepadalebih banyak pekerja, baik dari sektor formalmaupun informal. Namun, mereka yang tidakmenyetujui berpendapat bahwa UU yang baruini mengandung terlalu banyak kelemahan.Penelitian SMERU ini adalah suatu upayauntuk menganalisis secara kritis UU yang baruini dan berusaha memperkirakan dampaknyaterhadap pekerja Indonesia danperekonomian Indonesia secara umum.Kesimpulan analisis kami menunjukkanbahwa ada beberapa masalah potensialserius dalam rencana pemerintahsebagaimana tercantum dalam UU yangbaru, antara lain: UU baru Jaminan SosialNasional dapat memperburuk kondisi pasartenaga kerja, mungkin secara finansial tidakberkesinambungan, akan menciptakantekanan negatif terhadap APBN, dan tidakmemungkinkan munculnya persaingandalam pengadaan manfaat jaminan sosialkarena program tersebut dilaksanakansebagai sebuah monopoli negara. Hal iniberlawanan dengan konsensus bahwaskema jaminan sosial yang diselenggarakanoleh negara bukan lagi model yang baik.Semakin banyak bukti muncul baik darinegara-negara maju maupun sedangberkembang yang menunjukkan bahwaskema jaminan sosial yang dikelola pihakswasta umumnya lebih sesuai dengankebutuhan pekerja setelah pensiun.Sebagai kesimpulan, kami mengusulkanagar pemerintah Indonesia secara seriusmempertimbangkan menggunakan skemajaminan sosial berdasarkan sistem tiga pilaryang sudah diterapkan secara meluas, yaituyang terdiri dari jaring pengaman jaminansosial, akun jaminan sosial yangdiselenggarakan sektor swasta, dantabungan individu, untuk mereformasisistem jaminan sosial yang saat ini berlakudi Indonesia. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

23Progogram am HighlightsPUBLICATIONS AND INFORMATION DIVISIONon Poverty Reduction" in the form of a CD-Romin early 2004, SMERU is also distributing itsresearch output in this format as well as inprint, for example, "Efforts at Strengthening Smalland Micro Enterprises between 1997-2003."The CD-Rom versions of "Poverty Mapping"and "Training Manual on ResearchMothodology” have also been producedand was distributed in January 2005.Publications and Information:The Spearhead of SMERUIn comparison with earlier years, the volumeof research and other activities of SMERU'sresearchers in 2004 increased rapidly, hencedirectly spurring the performance of thePublications and Information Division. During2004 the Publications Division published sixworking papers, five research reports, fourfield reports, one manual of trainingmaterial, three workshop proceedings, fournewsletters, SMERU's 2003 Annual Report, apolicy brief on Poverty Reduction Efforts andthe newest SMERU brochure.Following the involvement of SMERU intraining activities for NGOs, the SMERUResearch Institute produced its latestpublishing innovation: "A Training Manual onResearch Methodology for NGOs". Thismanual represents a series of modules of thetraining material given to 20 NGOs between24-27 May 2004. This manual will bedisseminated shortly to various other NGOsacross Indonesia as a soft copy in pdf format.In addition to these achievements, theEditing Team also assisted the ManagementTeam to produce quarterly reports, semesterreports, annual reports for the PCC (ProjectConsultation Committee) as well as proofreadingand translating seminar papers andSMERU memoranda. Several SMERU reportsand articles were published in a number ofbooks and newspapers, both in Indonesiaand overseas, including the AusAIDmagazine “Focus”, the Apakabar mailing listand “The Jakarta Post”. A SMERU reportentitled “Governance and Poverty Reduction:Evidence from Newly DecentralizedIndonesia" forms one of the chapters in abook entitled "The Role of Governance inAsia” edited by Yasutami Shimomura andpublished by the Institute of Southeast AsianStudies (ISEAS).As the spearhead of SMERU, thePublications and Information Division willcontinually strive to improve its performance. •Given the benefits, effectiveness and ease ofdistributing the "Basic Information PackageLaporan Tahunan 2 004

24Sorotan an ProgogramamBIDANG PUBLIKASI DAN INFORMASIPublikasi dan Informasi:Ujung Tombak SMERUDibandingkan dengan tahun-tahunterdahulu, jumlah kegiatan penelitian dankegiatan lain peneliti SMERU pada tahun2004 meningkat pesat, sehingga secaralangsung memacu kinerja Divisi Publikasi danInformasi. Sepanjang 2004 Divisi Publikasiberhasil menerbitkan enam kertas kerja, limalaporan penelitian, empat laporan lapangan,satu materi pelatihan, tiga prosidinglokakarya, empat buletin, laporan tahunan,dan brosur terbaru SMERU.Produk publikasi Lembaga Penelitian SMERUyang menjadi terobosan terbaru menyusulketerlibatan SMERU dalam kegiatan pelatihanOrnop adalah "Manual Training MetodologiPenelitian bagi Ornop". Manual ini merupakanhasil rangkuman dari seluruh materi pelatihanyang pernah diberikan kepada20 Ornop pada 24-27 Mei2004. Manual ini akan segeradisebarluaskan ke berbagaiOrnop lain di Indonesia dalambentuk soft copy pdf.Melihat manfaat, efektivitas dankemudahan ketikamenyebarluaskan "Paket InformasiDasar tentang PenanggulanganKemiskinan" dalam bentuk CD-Rom pada awal tahun 2004, kiniselain didistribusikan sebagaibarang cetakan SMERU jugamenyebarluaskan publikasi lainnyadalam bentuk CD-Rom, misalnya"Upaya-upaya Penguatan UsahaMikro dan Usaha Kecil, Tahun1997-2003." Versi CD-Rom untuk"Poverty Mapping" dan "Manual PelatihanMetodologi Penelitian" juga telahdisebarluaskan pada Januari 2005.Selain itu, Tim Editor juga membantu TimManajemen SMERU menyusun laporan tigabulanan, laporan semester, laporan tahunanuntuk PCC (Project Consultation Committee),serta menyunting dan menerjemahkanmakalah seminar dan memorandum SMERU.Sejumlah laporan dan artikel SMERU telahdimuat dalam beberapa buku dan suratkabar baik dalam maupun luar negeri, diantaranya dalam majalah Focus AusAID,milis Apakabar dan koran The Jakarta Post.Laporan SMERU berjudul "Tata KelolaPemerintahan dan Upaya PenanggulanganKemiskinan: Bukti-bukti Awal Desentralisasidi Indonesia (telah menjadi salah satu babdalam buku yang berjudul "The Role ofGovernance in Asia" yang diedit YasutamiShimomura and diterbitkan The Institute ofSoutheast Asian Studies (ISEAS).Sebagai ujung tombak SMERU, Divisi Publikasidan Informasi akan terus meningkatkankinerjanya. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

25Progogram am HighlightsTHE SMERU WEBSITEDuring the reporting period 2004, SMERUwebsite statistics recorded as many as40,459 visitors who accessed 77,860pages and 120,566 files from SMERU'swebsite. The total capacity of file transfersreached 10Gb (10,013,145 Kb).The abovementioned data indicates that anaverage of 100 information seekers visit theSMERU website each day. On average, a visitoraccesses 1-3 files on each visit, and needs 1-2pages to obtain the information they need.A small survey on "The SMERU ResearchInstitute for NGOs" with 298 NGONoTitlePeriod January – June 200412345Developing a Poverty Map of Indonesia:An Initiatory Work in Three Provinces,May 2003Governance and Poverty Reduction:Evidence from Newly DecentralizedIndonesia, March 2004Paket Informasi Dasar PenanggulanganKemiskinan, 2001Politik Lokal di Era Desentralisasi:Menuju Otonomi Rakyat, Juli 2003Prosiding Seminar dan Lokakarya RegionalOrnop Riau Mandiri – SMERU: RefleksiPelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah danPengelolaan SDA yang Berkelanjutan,Desember 2003Period July – December 200412345Governance and Poverty Reduction:Evidence from Newly DecentralizedIndonesia, March 2004Alokasi Anggaran Pendidikan di EraOtonomi DaerahKetika Guru Absen: Ke Mana Mereka danBagaimana Murid?Developing a Poverty Map for Indonesia:An Initiatory Work in Three Provinces,May 2003Protecting Education for the Poor in Timesof Crisisrespondents from 27 provinces in Indonesiarevealed that 80.95% of respondents hadopened the SMERU website to look for data onSMERU's research findings, and 40.95% ofrespondents had downloaded SMERU'sresearch reports. These findings show theimportance of the SMERU website indisseminating the results of SMERU's research.In the downloading process, the file nameor publication accessed by the visitor isautomatically recorded. The title ofSMERU's reports, frequency of downloadsand the home country of the visitors' ispresented in the following table.DownloadFrequency155149Country of OriginAlbania, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia,Australia, Belgium, Canada, China,Germany, Iceland, Indonesia, Japan,Kenya, Mongolia, Netherlands. NewZealand, Philippines, Spain, United States.Albania, Indonesia, Netherlands, Singapore,United States.130Costa Rica, Indonesia, Malaysia, UnitedStates.106 Afghanistan, American Samoa, Argentina,Australia, Indonesia, Netherlands, NewZealand, United States.99 Angola, Anguilla, Argentina, Australia,Indonesia, Japan, Lao People’s DemocraticRepublic, Netherlands.435 Indonesia, Denmark, United States,Thailand, Bangladesh, Germany, Australia,Afghanistan, Japan, Cambodia, NewZealand, Switzerland, Sweden, Argentina,Singapore, United Kingdom, Pakistan.201 Indonesia, Israel, Germany, Australia,New Zealand.Indonesia, Japan, Germany, Australia143138 Indonesia, United States, Thailand,France, Midway Island, Lao People’sDemocratic Republic, Japan, Germany,Netherlands, India, Afghanistan, Italy,Australia.105 Indonesia, United States, Germany,Netherlands, Norway, Australia.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

26Sorotan an ProgogramamWEBSITE SMERUSelama periode pelaporan 2004 datastatistik Website SMERU merekamsebanyak 40.459 pengunjung yang telahmengakses 77.860 halaman dan120.566 file dari Website SMERU. Totalkepadatan aliran data mencapai 10 GB(10.013.145 KByte).Dari data di atas juga diketahui bahwa setiaphari rata-rata terdapat 100 pencari informasiyang mengunjungi Website SMERU. Rata-ratapengunjung mengakses 1-3 file setiapmelakukan kunjungan, dan membutuhkan1-2 halaman untuk mendapat informasiyang diinginkan.Suatu survei kecil mengenai "LembagaPenelitian SMERU bagi Ornop" dengan298 responden ornop dari 27 provinsi diIndonesia mengungkapkan bahwa80,95% responden membuka WebsiteSMERU untuk mencari data hasil penelitianSMERU, dan 40,95% respondenmen-download laporan penelitian SMERU.Temuan ini menunjukkan peranan pentingWebsite SMERU dalam penyebarluasanhasil penelitian SMERU.Dalam proses men-download, nama fileatau publikasi yang diakses olehpengunjung secara otomatis tercatat.Judul laporan SMERU, frekuensi downloaddan asal negara pengunjung websitedisajikan dalam tabel berikut ini.Dari: ArmandoLokasi: IndonesiaTanggal: 28 February 2004SMERU memiliki data dan analisis yang sangat terpercayaFrom: Bambang SupriyantoLocation: IndonesiaDate: 2 February 2005I am working on my dissertation on industrial relations disputesettlement. Some publications by SMERU contain goodreferences for my dissertation. A real professional organization.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

27Progogram am HighlightsThe demographic breakdown of visitors to theSMERU website can be seen in the followingchart.There is quite a high number of domains(40%) that can't be identified because asignificant number of internet protocol addressescan't be determined by the SMERU websitesystem.The high level of access clearly affects theworkload of the SMERU server. This issuedemands a better web page structure and amore accurate system for the managementand development of data toensure the optimal functioningof the website pages. For thatreason, SMERU is now developinga back-office system that canimprove the process of updatingsite contents, as well as addingand making interaction easierfor visitors when searching forinformation on the SMERUwebsite.The SMERU Website also featuresan NGO database. Thedatabase is being continuouslyupdated and can be accessedfree of charge. By the end of2004 the database consisted of2,394 NGOs working in 32provinces across Indonesia.Various national and internationalinstitutions have obtainedinformation from our NGODatabase. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

28Sorotan an ProgogramamSecara demografis, pengunjung situs SMERUdapat dilihat pada grafik berikut ini.21%1%1% 1%2%2%6%2%40%24%Unresolved/Unknown US Commercial IndonesiaNetwork Australia Non-Profit OrganizationNetherlands Japan US EducationalOtherPersentase domain yang tidak teridentifikasicukup signifikan (40%) karena cukup banyakalamat protokol internet tidak dapat dikenalioleh sistem Website SMERU.Tingkat akses yang tinggi jelasmempengaruhi beban kerja server WebsiteSMERU. Hal ini menuntut pengolahan danpengelolaan struktur data dan halamanwebsite yang lebih akurat agar fungsi-fungsipada halaman-halaman website dapatberjalan dengan baik. Karena itu, kiniSMERU sedang mengembangkan suatusistem back office yang dapat meningkatkanproses update kandungan situs, sertamenambah dan mempermudah interaksipengunjung ketika mencari informasi diWebsite SMERU.Website SMERU juga memuat PangkalanData Ornop. Pangkalan data ini terusmenerusdimutakhirkan, dan dapat diaksescuma-cuma. Pada akhir tahun 2004Pangkalan Data Ornop SMERU berisiinformasi mengenai 2.394 Ornop yangmelakukan kegiatan di 32 provinsi diIndonesia. Berbagai lembaga nasionalmaupun internasional telah memanfaatkaninformasi dari Pangkalan Data OrnopSMERU. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

29Progogram am HighlightsSMERU LIBRARYThe SMERU library is intended as aninformation gateway and as a learning andresearch facility. One of the ways the libraryis meeting that responsibility is throughworking cooperatively with the libraries ofother institutions such as ILO, UNSFIR andADB in resource sharing and interlibraryloans.In response to the urgent needs of theresearchers, the library enhances thepathfinder service every week in differenttopics. The topics are selected on the basis ofobservation as well as the research interestsof staff. At the end of 2004, the library'scollection totaled 1,713 monographs, 291news clippings and 231 regionalgovernment regulations (Perda). Circulationtransactions indicate that the library service isin significant demand by staff to assist intheir assignments.In order to facilitate the distribution of items,the ISBN numbering format was introducedin 2004 and assigned to each publication inthe collection. Two copies of our researchreports are sent periodically to The NationalLibrary of Indonesia. Publications are alsosent to the Library of Congress representativein Jakarta.The library at the moment oversees theResearch Travel Information database thatcontains information on hotels, educationalinstitutions, hospitals and clinics, policestations, and any important informationneeded by the researchers while conductingfield research. This year the library hasintroduced the concept of "knowledgemanagement" to the staff of SMERU. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

30Sorotan an ProgogramamPERPUSTAKAAN SMERUPerpustakaan SMERU berfungsi sebagaipintu gerbang bagi informasi dan sebagaifasilitator bagi pembelajaran dan penelitian.Salah satu cara untuk memenuhi tujuantersebut adalah dengan bekerja samadengan perpustakaan dari institusi sejenisseperti, ILO, UNSFIR, dan ADB dalam halberbagi sumber daya dan jasa silang layan.Untuk membantu kebutuhan mendesak parastaf peneliti, perpustakaan mengirimkanpathfinder secara berkala mengenai topik -topik yang berbeda. Topik dipilih berdasarkanhasil pengamatan dan minat penelitian staf.Di penghujung tahun 2004, koleksiperpustakaan SMERU meliputi 1.713monograf, 291 kliping berita dan 231 perda.Transaksi sirkulasi menunjukkan bahwaperpustakaan digunakan lebih banyak untukmembantu tugas para staf.Untuk memperlancar arus distribusi buku,penomoran ISBN diberlakukan pada setiapterbitan SMERU terhitung mulai tahun2004. Dua eksemplar hasil penelitiandiberikan ke Perpustakaan NasionalRepublik Indonesia secara berkala.Publikasi SMERU juga dikirimkan keperwakilan Perpustakaan Kongres AmerikaSerikat di Jakarta.Saat ini perpustakaan SMERU jugabertanggung jawab atas pangkalan dataInformasi Perjalanan Penelitian yangmemuat data mengenai hotel, institusipendidikan, rumah sakit dan klinik, kantorpolisi dan informasi penting lainnya yangdibutuhkan oleh peneliti selama merekaberada di lapangan. Pada tahun 2004 iniperpustakaan SMERU telahmemperkenalkan konsep "pengelolaanpengetahuan" pada staf SMERU. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

31Progogram am HighlightsNGO CAPACITY BUILDINGworkshop was held on 14 -16 October 2004in Kupang and attended by around 50participants from 6 kabupaten/kota in NTTwith the Governor of NTT, Bapak Piet A. TalloS.H. as the keynote speaker.In 2004 the NGO Partnership Unit of theSMERU Research Institute succeeded incompleting to several major activity plansmentioned in the previous annual reports. InMay 2004, supported by the TifaFoundation, the Unit arranged training inresearch methodology for 21 participantsfrom 20 NGOs in 14 provinces inIndonesia. The training lasted 4 days andwas facilitated by 7 SMERU researchers, 2lecturers from the Indonesian ChristianUniversity and Bogor Agricultural University,4 resource persons from the Pirac, Legal AidInstitute (LBH), Wahid Institute andPerdamaian Titian Foundation and 1 personfrom Tifa Foundation. The training manual isin the process of being made into a CDversion and will be shared among otherNGOs who didn't have the opportunity toparticipate in this training.To facilitate and increase the role as well as thecritical awareness and capacity of civil societyin East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) in the formulationof pro-poor policy plans and budgets, SMERUcooperated with KIKIS and PIAR to arrange aworkshop for NGOs, local governments andthe NTT DPRD with the topic "LocalDevelopment Initiatives for a Public Budgetingand Planning System Based on RegionalPoverty Reduction Strategy (SPKD)". TheTo investigate the role and impact ofSMERU's performance for NGOs, in mid2004, the unit conducted a survey on "TheSMERU Research Institute for NGOs inIndonesia". The results of the survey analysisare expected to be used to enhanceSMERU's internal performance and supportin NGO capacity building in Indonesia.Future Direction of the NGOPartnership UnitFor the sake of working out a more optimalinteraction, SMERU is strongly committed toproviding discussion space for NGOs. In2005, the focus of discussion for NGOs willbe directed more towards new legislationsocialization activities. SMERU plans toorganize two socialization activities on thenew legislation relevant to NGO advocacyactivities, for example the Domestic ViolenceAct. Participation in NGO capacitystrengthening also will be undertakenthrough active support of the unit in plansfor the drafting of new legislation initiated byNGOs, for example, draft legislation onBudget Planning.The NGO Partnership Unit will continue toincrease its role in disseminating information andSMERU's research findings via NGO mailinglists in Indonesia and by visiting NGOs. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

32Sorotan an ProgogramamMENINGKATKAN KAPASITAS ORNOPUnit Kemitraan dengan Ornop di LembagaPenelitian SMERU pada tahun 2004 berhasilmewujudkan beberapa rencana kegiatanpokoknya. Salah satunya, pada Mei 2004,didukung oleh Yayasan Tifa, Unit ini telahmenyelenggarakan pelatihan MetodologiPenelitian Bagi Ornop yang diikuti oleh 21orang dari 20 Ornop yang berasal dari 14provinsi di Indonesia. Pelatihan iniberlangsung selama 4 hari, difasilitasi oleh 7staf peneliti SMERU, 2 pengajar dari UniversitasKristen Indonesia (UKI) dan Institut PertanianBogor (IPB), 4 orang dari Ornop Pirac, LBH,Wahid Institut dan Yayasan TitianPerdamaian, dan seorang staf Yayasan Tifa.Modul pelatihan ini akan diperbanyak dalambentuk CD, dan akan didistribusikan kepadaOrnop lain yang tidak mendapat kesempatanmengikuti pelatihan tersebut.Untuk memfasilitasi dan meningkatkan peranserta, kesadaran kritis dan kapasitas masyarakatsipil di wilayah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur(NTT) dalam merumuskan rencana kebijakandan anggaran yang berpihak pada masyarakatmiskin, SMERU bekerja sama dengan KIKIS danPIAR menyelenggarakan lokakarya bagi Ornop,Pemda dan DPRD NTT dengan topik"Pengembangan Inisiatif Lokal untuk SistemPerencanaan dan Anggaran Publik BerdasarkanStrategiPenanggulanganKemiskinanDaerah(SPKD)".Lokakarya inidiselenggarakanpada 14 -16Oktober 2004di Kupang dan dihadiri oleh sekitar 50 pesertadari 6 kabupaten/kota di NTT dengan salahsatu pembicara utamanya Gubernur NTT,Bapak Piet A.Tallo, S.H.Untuk mengkaji peranan dan dampak kinerjaSMERU bagi Ornop, pada pertengahan 2004Unit ini mengadakan survei mengenai "LembagaPenelitian SMERU Bagi Ornop di Indonesia".Temuan survei diharapkan dapat digunakanuntuk meningkatkan kinerja internal SMERU dandukungan SMERU dalam mengembangkankapasitas Ornop di Indonesia.Rencana ke Depan Unit Kemitraandengan OrnopAgar dapat menjalin interaksi yang lebihoptimal dengan Ornop, SMERU tiada hentihentinyamenyediakan ruang diskusi untukOrnop. Tahun depan, fokus diskusi bersamaOrnop akan lebih diarahkan pada kegiatansosialisasi UU baru. SMERU telah berencanamengadakan dua kegiatan sosialisasi UUbaru yang relevan dengan kegiatan advokasiOrnop, misalnya mengenai Undang-UndangPenghapusan Kekerasan Dalam RumahTangga. Partisipasi penguatan kapasitasOrnop juga dilakukan melalui dukunganaktif Unit ini dalam rencana pembuatan UUbaru yang diprakarsai oleh Ornop, misalnyaRencana Undang-Undang PerencanaanAnggaran Negara.Unit Kemitraan dengan Ornop akan terusmeningkatkan perannya dalammenyebarkan informasi dan temuanpenelitian SMERU melalui milis-milis Ornopdi Indonesia dan mengunjungi Ornop. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

33Progogram am HighlightsSMERU'S IMPACTINVOLVEMENT WITH THE GENERALCOMMUNITY AND GOVERNMENTINSTITUTIONSS MERU marked the year 2004 with anumber of significant achievements thatstrengthen the image of SMERU as aprominent independent research institute.These achievements can be observed from anumber of perspectives including the totaloutput of research activities, the impact ofthose activities and the invitations and requestsfor cooperation in different fields like research,dialogue, seminars and workshops fromdifferent government institutions, the House ofthe Representatives (DPR-RI), private sector,NGOs, international organizations as well asacademics. These activities have had a positiveimpact on the dissemination of SMERU'sresearch findings that are expected to broadenpublic policy dialogue concerned with thewelfare of the Indonesian people as well as toincrease the involvement of civil society in theprocess of formulating and implementingpublic policy.The commitment of SMERU on socio-economicproblems related to development issues in thegeneral community interest is reflected in theinvestigations undertaken by SMERU on, interalia, poverty, social security, education andhealth. By the end of 2004 SMERU hadalmost finished one of its biggest tasks,namely small area poverty mapping activitiesin 30 Indonesian provinces. It is expectedthat all the publication activities, socializationand workshops on poverty mapping will befinished early in 2005.SMERU also has a role in completing thePoverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) asSMERU's direct contribution for the communityand government. In addition, SMERU's povertyreduction guidebook and CD-Rom containingbasic information on understanding poverty,efforts in poverty reduction and pro-poorbudget planning has received attention andpositive consideration from various parties.In policy formulation, SMERU has also beenin the forefront. A number of work partnersasked SMERU to provide input on importantissues such as the fuel subsidy, socialprotection, labor and trade policies. Theinvolvement of SMERU in the "Virtual ThinkTank" network that covers economists andprominent experts in the development sectorwill certainly guarantee, and open, broaderopportunities for SMERU to disseminate itsresearch findings so as to have a positiveimpact for pro-poor public policy change.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

34Sorotan an ProgogramamDAMPAK SMERUSMERU menandai tahun 2004 denganberbagai pencapaian signifikan, baik ditinjaudari jumlah output kegiatan penelitianmaupun dampaknya. Pencapaian inimemperkokoh citra SMERU sebagai salahsatu lembaga penelitian independenterkemuka. Pencapaian ini dapat dilihat daribanyaknya permintaan kerja sama atau punundangan dari berbagai lembagapemerintah, DPR, swasta, Ornop, organisasiinternasional, maupun akademisi dalampelbagai kegiatan seperti penelitian, dialog,seminar dan lokakarya. Kegiatan-kegiatantersebut telah berdampak positif padapenyebarluasan temuan penelitian SMERUyang diharapkan dapat memperluas dialogkebijakan publik yang menyangkutkesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia,sekaligus mampu meningkatkan keterlibatanmasyarakat sipil dalam proses perumusandan pelaksanaan kebijakan publik.KETERLIBATAN DENGAN MASYARAKATUMUM DAN LEMBAGA PEMERINTAHKomitmen SMERU terhadap persoalan sosialekonomi yang berkaitan dengan isupembangunan demi kepentingan masyarakatumum tercermin dari kajian-kajian yangdilakukan SMERU, antara lain tentangkemiskinan, jaminan sosial, pendidikan dankesehatan. Pada akhir 2004 SMERU telahhampir menuntaskan salah satu tugasbesarnya, yaitu kegiatan pemetaankemiskinan wilayah kecil di 30 provinsiIndonesia. Diharapkan pada awal 2005seluruh kegiatan publikasi, sosialisasi danlokakarya mengenai pemetaan kemiskinanini akan selesai.SMERU juga berperan serta dalampenyempurnaan dokumen StrategiPenanggulangan Kemiskinan (PRSP) sebagaikontribusi langsung SMERU bagi masyarakatdan pemerintah. Tidak hanya itu, bukupanduan dan CD-ROM "PenanggulanganKemiskinan" SMERU yang memuat informasidasar pemahaman tentang kemiskinan,upaya penanggulangan dan perencanaananggaran yang berpihak pada kaum miskin,telah mendapat perhatian dan tanggapanpositif dari berbagai pihak.Dalam penyusunan kebijakan SMERU puntidak ketinggalan. Sejumlah mitra kerja telahmeminta input dari SMERU mengenai isu-isupenting seputar subsidi BBM, perlindungansosial, tenaga kerja, dan kebijakanperdagangan. Keterlibatan SMERU dalamjaringan "Virtual Think Tank" yangmelibatkan ekonom dan ahli terkemukadalam sektor pembangunan tentu akanmenjamin dan membuka kesempatan lebihluas bagi SMERU untuk menyebarluaskantemuan penelitiannya sehingga dapatberdampak positif bagi perubahankebijakan publik yang berpihak padakelompok miskin.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

35Progogram am HighlightsINVOLVEMENT WITH NGOsConsistent with the new commitment ofSMERU's NGO Partnership Unit to take a moreactive role in disseminating SMERU's researchfindings and facilitating NGO empowermentefforts, the unit commenced its performance in2004 by assisting the capacity building of 20NGOs in 14 provinces in Indonesia via trainingin research methodology for NGOs. Thistraining was arranged cooperatively with theTifa Foundation on 24-27 May 2004. Theparticipants hope that the training can becontinued by undertaking research together.SMERU's NGO Partnership Unit also continuesto strengthen partnerships and cooperativenetworks with NGOs both local as well asinternational via various seminar and workshopactivities. One of the activities is thearrangement of a workshop "LocalDevelopment Initiatives in the Planning Systemand Public Budget Based on the Concept ofLocal Poverty Reduction Strategies" in Kupang,NTT together with KIKIS and PIAR. Thisworkshop involved various elements fromgovernment, DPRD, the private sector andsocial institutions in NTT. In addition, the unit,together with SMERU library staff, also soundedout cooperation with Yayasan Bina MasyarakatSejahtera (YBMS) on efforts to increase thecapacity of NGOs in library management.A survey on NGO's perceptions of SMERU inJuly-October 2004 found an interestingphenomenon to be proud of. The surveyresults show that the number of NGOs thataccess SMERU publications via the SMERUwebsite is greater than the number ofrecipients of SMERU publications. Thesignificance of certain topics like poverty,education and environment in SMERU'spublications has also received seriousattention in the NGO arena. It was alsomentioned that important columns in theSMERU newsletter like From the Field, FocusOn and And the Data Says as well as severalother relevant reports are often a source ofdata and program reference for those NGOs.INVOLVEMENT WITH ACADEMICSThe recognition of SMERU in the academicworld is also not considered inconsequential.SMERU received recognition, invitations andrequests from several tertiary institutions,research institutions and prominent domesticscientific journals for the publication ofSMERU research reports or use in jointseminars. This proves the credibility of theSMERU Research Institute in academic circles.A book entitled "The Role of Governance inAsia", edited by Yasutami Shimomura andpublished by the Institute of Southeast AsianStudies (ISEAS) published an article written bySMERU's researchers, "Governance andPoverty Reduction Efforts: Evidence fromNewly Decentralized Indonesia."In addition, SMERU was also invited tocontribute a paper on specific issues thatwill be published in the European Journal ofDevelopment Research in 2005.Meanwhile, the Research School of Pacificand Asian Studies at ANU gave specialrecognition to various SMERU publicationsby adding SMERU publications to theirLaporan Tahunan 2 004

36Sorotan an ProgogramamKETERLIBATAN DENGAN ORNOPSesuai komitmen baru Unit Kemitraandengan Ornop SMERU, yakni lebih berperanaktif dalam menyebarluaskan temuanpenelitian SMERU dan memfasilitasi upayapemberdayaan Ornop, unit ini memulaikinerjanya pada tahun 2004 denganmemberikan penguatan kapasitas bagi 20Ornop dari 14 provinsi di Indonesia melaluipelatihan tentang metode penelitian bagiOrnop. Pelatihan ini diselenggarakan bekerjasama dengan Yayasan Tifa pada 24-27 Mei2004. Peserta berharap pelatihan ini dapatdilanjutkan dengan melakukan penelitianbersama.Unit Kemitraan dengan Ornop SMERU jugaterus memperkuat kemitraan dan jaringankerja sama dengan lembaga-lembagaswadaya masyarakat baik lokal maupuninternasional melalui berbagai kegiatanlokakarya atau seminar. Salah satukegiatannya adalah penyelenggaraanlokakarya "Pengembangan Inisiatif Lokaldalam Sistem Perencanaan dan AnggaranPublik Berdasarkan Konsep StrategiPenanggulangan Kemiskinan Lokal" diKupang, NTT bersama KIKIS dan PIAR.Lokakarya ini melibatkan berbagai unsurpihak pemerintah, DPRD, swasta maupunlembaga sosial kemasyarakatan di NTT.Selain itu bersama dengan staf kepustakaanSMERU, unit ini juga menjajagi kerja samadengan Yayasan Bina Masyarakat Sejahtera(YBMS) untuk upaya peningkatan kapasistasOrnop dalam pengelolaan perpustakaan.Survei mengenai persepsi Ornop tentangSMERU pada Juli-Oktober 2004 menandaisuatu fenomena menarik sekaligusmembanggakan. Hasil survei menunjukkanbahwa jumlah Ornop yang mengaksespublikasi SMERU melalui website SMERUlebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jumlahpenerima langganan publikasi SMERU. Disamping itu, signifikansi topik-topik tertentuseperti kemiskinan, pendidikan danlingkungan hidup yang ada dalam publikasiSMERU juga mendapat perhatian serius dikalangan Ornop. Disebutkan pula bahwakolom penting dalam buletin SMERU sepertiFrom the Field, Focus On dan And the DataSays serta beberapa laporan-laporan lainyang relevan sering menjadi sumber data danreferensi program di lembaganya.KETERLIBATAN DENGAN AKADEMISIKiprah SMERU dalam dunia akademis puntidak dapat dianggap enteng. SMERUmenerima pengakuan, undangan danpermintaan dari beberapa perguruan tinggi,lembaga penelitian, jurnal ilmiah terkemukadi luar negeri atas laporan penelitian SMERUuntuk dipublikasi atau diseminarkanbersama. Ini membuktikan kredibilitasLembaga Penelitian SMERU di kalanganakademisi. Sebuah buku berjudul "The Roleof Governance in Asia" yang disunting olehYasutami Shimomura dan dipublikasikan olehthe Institute of Southeast Asian Studies(ISEAS) memuat artikel peneliti SMERU, "TataPemerintahan dan Upaya PenanggulanganKemiskinan: Bukti-bukti Awal Desentralisasi diIndonesia."Selain itu, SMERU juga diundang untukmemberikan kontribusi makalah yang akandimuat dalam European Journal of DevelopmentResearch yang akan diterbitkan pada2005. Sementara Research School of Pacificand Asian Studies di ANU menaruhperhatian khusus pada berbagai publikasiSMERU dengan menghimpun publikasiSMERU di perpustakaannya. Demikian pulaDevelopment and Change, sebuah jurnaldari Institute of Social Studies(ISS), telahLaporan Tahunan 2 004

37Progogram am Highlightslibrary collection. Likewise “Developmentand Change”, a journal from the Institute ofSocial Studies (ISS), has also accepted aSMERU paper for publication. Domestically,SMERU's credibility is apparent from theincreasing interest and attention given toSMERU as a reference source for theses.The interest and attention of academia inSMERU research output is also obviousfrom various report presentations and inmagazines. The presentation of the WorldBank's Development Research Group andAusAID magazine "Focus", for example,recently quoted from several SMERUreports on poverty. In addition, prestigiousrecognition also came from the Institutefor Development Policy and Management,University of Manchester that accepted aSMERU research paper on "AnInvestigation of the Impact of theIndonesian Social Safety Net Program onHousehold Welfare and Poverty Dynamics"for presentation at a conference that washeld at the University of Manchester,England in March 2005.Several subsequent activities became firsthand evidence of the active participationand contribution of SMERU with the privatesector organizations mentioned above. Thepresentation on "The Impacts ofEmployment Policy on Labor MarketAvailability" by SMERU researchers in July2004, that was initiated by APINDO, wasaimed at providing input on the plan andsuggestion from the Ministry of Labor toapply a fair standard of living , includingthe determination of a regional minimumwage for laborers.In August 2004, via a presentation paperentitled "The 2004 Indonesia HumanDevelopment Report: a Critical Analysis",SMERU provided input and its views on the"Indonesian Human Resources DevelopmentReport 2004" in discussion sponsored byThe European-Indonesian Association. InSeptember 2004, SMERU again had theconfidence of KADIN in providing input onthe policy direction in the economic fieldand government administration forpresidential candidates.INVOLVEMENT WITH THE PRIVATESECTORSeveral private institutions, both domestic andforeign, among them The IndonesianEmployers' Association (APINDO), IndonesianChamber of Commerce and Industry(KADIN), Indonesia-Europe Association andIRM Inc. (an industrial research institute inJapan) have requested recommendations andinput as well as offering to cooperate withSMERU on several important issues like laborpolicy and labor market availability.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

38Sorotan an Progogramammenerima sebuah makalah SMERU dalamsalah satu publikasinya. Di dalam negeri,kredibilitas SMERU tampak darimeningkatnya minat dan perhatian untukmerujuk SMERU sebagai sumber referensidalam penulisan thesis.Minat dan perhatian akademisi padaberbagai hasil penelitian SMERU jugatampak dalam berbagai laporan presentasimaupun dalam majalah. Presentasi timWorld Bank's Development Research Groupdan majalah AusAID "Focus" baru-baru ini,misalnya, mengutip beberapa laporanSMERU tentang kemiskinan. Di samping itu,pengakuan yang cukup bergengsi jugadatang dari the Institute for DevelopmentPolicy and Management, University ofManchester yang mengangkat topikpenelitian SMERU tentang "Kajian DampakProgram Jaring Pengaman Sosial padaKesejahteraan Rumah Tangga dan DinamikaKemiskinan" dalam konferensi yang sudahdiselenggarakan pada Maret 2005 diUniversitas Manchester, Inggris.KETERLIBATAN DENGAN PIHAKSWASTABeberapa lembaga swasta baik dalammaupun luar negeri, di antaranya AsosiasiPengusaha Indonesia (APINDO), KamarDagang Indonesia (KADIN), Asosiasi Indonesia- Eropa, dan IRM Inc (Lembaga PenelitianIndustri di Jepang) telah memintarekomendasi dan input serta menawarkankerja sama dengan SMERU untuk beberapaisu penting seperti kebijakan tenaga kerjadan ketersediaan pasar tenaga kerja.Beberapa kegiatan berikut menjadi buktinyata partisipasi aktif dan kontribusi SMERUdengan pihak swasta tersebut di atas.Presentasi tentang "The Impacts of EmploymentPolicy on Labor Market Availability" olehpeneliti SMERU pada Juli 2004, yangdiprakarsai APINDO, bertujuan untukmemberikan masukan atas rencana danusulan dari Kementerian Tenaga Kerja untukmenerapkan standar Kebutuhan HidupLayak (KHL), termasuk penentuan upahminimum regional bagi buruh.Pada Agustus 2004, melalui presentasimakalah berjudul "The 2004 IndonesiaHuman Development Report: A CriticalAnalysis", SMERU memberikan masukandan pandangannya tentang "LaporanPembangunan Sumber Daya ManusiaIndonesia 2004" dalam diskusi yangdisponsori oleh The European-IndonesianAssociation. Kemudian pada September2004, SMERU kembali menerimakepercayaan dari Kadin untuk memberikanmasukan mengenai arah kebijakan dalambidang ekonomi dan pengelolaanpemerintahan bagi kandidat presiden.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

39Progogram am HighlightsACHIEVING CONFIDENCE INSUSTAINABILITYSMERU continues to be recognized by itsstakeholders and development partners whohave shown full confidence in SMERU. In2004, SMERU received various requests fromdonor agencies and academic institutions toconduct several research studies and trainingprograms. This kind of collaboration certainlybroadens SMERU's network and will alsoassist with SMERU's future financialsustainability which is one of its main goals.The form of confidence received by SMERU isreflected in various mutual cooperation thathave been supported by donor institutionslike AusAID, the Ford Foundation, DFID andother institutions like the World Bank, GIAT-USAID and academic institutions.By involving all the resources and research staff,SMERU continues to make breakthroughachievements, both in the field of assignments,cooperative partnerships and types ofcooperation. Apart from regular assignmentson poverty issues, labor, social prosperity andautonomy, several new fields have also becomethe focus of SMERU's attention, for example, aproposed study on the potential impact of HIV/AIDS that was initiated by AusAID and a study"Moving Out of Poverty" that was initiated andfunded by the World Bank. The expansion ofthe partnership also continues; for example,SMERU together with the University of Aarhus,Denmark undertook a study on social capitalin Indonesia and has signed an agreementwith Hickling-Bearing Point to provideassistance for their poverty reduction strategyproject. Finally, a cooperative pilot project on aCommunity-based Monitoring System (CBMS)that is supported by The Poverty and EconomicPolicy (PEP) Network, Laval University, Canadawill be undertaken shortly.The thrust of the model on sounding outcooperative working partnerships not onlybroadened to activities associated with researchbut also to active involvement in efforts atinstitutional empowerment through trainingactivities. The actualization of this breakthroughbecomes evident in the cooperation betweenSMERU and GIAT-USAID (Growth throughInvestment, Agriculture and Trade, USAID) toprovide intermediate level training on the StateBudget for the DPR-RI General Secretariat staffthat will commence in March 2005. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

40Sorotan an ProgogramamMERAIH KEPERCAYAAN DEMIKESINAMBUNGANSMERU terus menerus mendapat pengakuandari para pemangku kepentingan dan mitrakerjanya yang telah menaruh kepercayaanpenuh kepada SMERU. Pada tahun 2004,SMERU telah menerima beragam permintaandari lembaga donor dan lembaga akademisuntuk melakukan beberapa studi penelitiandan program pelatihan. Kolaborasi seperti initentu memperluas jaringan SMERU dan jugaakan membantu keberlanjutan SMERUsecara finansial di masa depan yangmerupakan salah satu tujuan utamanya.Bentuk kepercayaan yang diterima SMERUtercermin dalam berbagai bentuk kerja samayang telah digalang bersama khusus denganlembaga-lembaga donor seperti AusAID, FordFoundation, DFID, dan lembaga lain sepertiBank Dunia, GIAT-USAID, lembaga akademis.Dengan melibatkan seluruh sumber dan stafpenelitinya, SMERU terus melakukanterobosan baru, baik dalam hal bidanggarapan, mitra kerja sama maupun modelkeikutsertaan SMERU. Selain bidang garapanyang lazim dikerjakan seperti isu kemiskinan,tenaga kerja, kesejahteraan sosial, danotonomi, beberapa bidang baru juga akanmenjadi perhatian SMERU, misalnya studitentang dampak potensial HIV/AIDS yangdiprakarsai AusAID, dan studi mengenai“Moving Out of Poverty” yang diprakarsaidan didanai oleh Bank Dunia. Perluasankemitraan juga terus ditingkatkan, misalnyaSMERU bersama Universitas Aarhus, Denmarkmelakukan studi tentang modal sosial diIndonesia, dan menandatangani persetujuandengan Hickling-Bearing Point untukmenyediakan bantuan bagi proyeknyatentang strategi penanggulangan kemiskinan.Selain itu, kerja sama untuk Pilot Projectmengenai Sistem Pemantauan BerbasisKomunitas yang didukung The Poverty andEconomic Policy (PEP) Network, Laval University,Canada akan segera dilakukan.Terobosan model penjajagan kerja samadengan mitra lain juga diperluas tidak hanyadalam kegiatan bersama penelitian tapi jugasecara aktif terlibat dalam upayapemberdayaan kelembagaan melaluikegiatan pelatihan. Aktualisasi terobosan inimenjadi tampak dalam kerja sama SMERUdan GIAT-USAID Project (Growth throughInvestment, Agriculture and Trade, USAID)untuk memberikan pelatihan bagi stafSekretariat Jenderal DPR-RI mengenai APBNTingkat Lanjutan yang direncanakan akandiselenggarakan mulai Maret 2005. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

41Publications, Wororkshops and Researesearch h ActivitiesI. PUBLISHED REPORTSNoTitle/JudulType of Report/Jenis Report1 “Ketika Guru Absen: Ke Mana Mereka dan Bagaimana Muridnya?”(When Teachers are Absent: Where Do They Go and What is the Impacton the Students), March 2004.2 “Tata Kelola Pemerintahan di Era Otonomi Daerah: Implikasinya terhadapPengelolaan Pelayanan Pendidikan Dasar” (Governance and PovertyReduction: Evidence from Newly Decentralized Indonesia), March 2004.34“Alokasi Anggaran di Era Otonomi Daerah: Implikasinya terhadapPengelolaan Pelayanan Pendidikan Dasar” (Education Budget Allocationin the Regional Autonomy Era: Its Implication for the Management ofPrimary Education Services), June 2004.“Evaluasi Dampak Sosial-ekonomi Proyek Pengembangan WilayahBerbasis Pertanian di Sulawesi (SAADP): Pelajaran dari ProgramKredit Mikro di Indonesia” (Socio-economic Impact Evaluation of theSulawesi Agricultural Area Development Project (SAADP): Lessons-Learned from Micro-credit Program in Indonesia), June 2004.5 “Konsolidasi Kajian Kemiskinan Partisipatoris di Indonesia; MemahamiSuara Orang Miskin: Masukan untuk Penyusunan StrategiPenanggulangan Kemiskinan, Buku I” (A Consolidation of ParticipatoryPoverty Assessments in Indonesia, Understanding the Voice of thePoor: Input for the Formulation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper,Volume I), June 2004.6 “Konsolidasi Kajian Kemiskinan Partisipatoris di Indonesia: MemahamiSuara Orang Miskin: Masukan untuk Penyusunan StrategiPenanggulangan Kemiskinan Daerah, Buku II” (A Consolidation ofParticipatory Poverty Assessments in Indonesia, Understanding the Voiceof the Poor: Input for the Formulation of the Poverty Reduction StrategyPaper, Volume II), June 2004.7 “Protecting Education for the Poor in Times of Crisis: An Evaluation of aScholarship Program in Indonesia” (Perlindungan Pendidikan bagiKaum Miskin pada Masa Krisis: Evaluasi Program Beasiswa diIndonesia), June 2004.FRWPFRRRRRRRWP89101112“The state of Village-Level Infrastructures and Services during theEconomic Crises in Indonesia” (Kondisi Infrastruktur Perdesaan danPelayanan Umum di Indonesia Selama Krisis Ekonomi), June 2004.“Assessing the Impact of Indonesian Social Safety Net Programs onHousehold Welfare and Poverty Dynamics” (Mengkaji Dampak ProgramJPS pada Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga dan Dinamika Kemiskinan),September 2004.“Reformasi Sistem Jaminan Sosial di Indonesia: Sebuah Analisis AtasRancangan Undang-Undang Jaminan Sosial Nasional (RUUJamsosnas)” (Social Security Reform in Indonesia: An Analysis of theNational Social Security Bill), September 2004.“Pelajaran yang Dapat Dipetik dari Pelayanan Keuangan Mikro di NTT”(Lessons-Learned from the Microfinance Services in NTT), December 2004.“Determinants of Student Performance in Indonesian Public PrimarySchools: The Role of Teachers and Schools” (Faktor Penentu PrestasiSiswa di Sekolah Dasar Umum di Indonesia: Peran Guru dan Sekolah).WPWPWPWPRRNotes/Catatan:6 WP: Working Paper/Kertas Kerja4 RR: Research Report/Laporan Penelitian2 FR: Field Report/Laporan LapanganLaporan Tahunan 2 004

42Publikasi, Lokakakararya, a, dan Kegiategiatan an PenelitianII. FORTHCOMING PUBLICATIONSNo12Title/Judul“Developing a Poverty Map for Indonesia” (A Tool for Better Targeting in Poverty Reduction andSocial Protection Programs” (Pengembangan Peta Kemiskinan Indonesia - Alat PenetapanSasaran yang Sesuai untuk Program Penanggulangan Kemiskinan dan Perlindungan Sosial).“Inequality in Indonesia during High Growth and Crisis Periods and Its Relationship withPoverty” (Kesenjangan selama Masa Krisis dan Masa Pertumbuhan Tinggi di Indonesia danHubungannya dengan Kemiskinan).III. ONGOING RESEARCHESNo1234567Title/Judul“The Structure and Profile of Unemployment in Indonesia” (Struktur dan Profil Penganggurandi Indonesia).“The State of Social Capital in Indonesia” (Keadaan Sosial Kapital di Indonesia).“A Reassessment of Inequality and Its Role in Poverty Reduction in Indonesia” (Kajian UlangKetimpangan dan Perannya dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Indonesia).“Fluidity of Vulnerability to Poverty” (Ketidakstabilan Tingkat Kerentanan Terhadap Kemiskinan).“Determinants of Continuation across the Levels in School Education” (Faktor PenentuKeberlanjutan Pendidikan Sekolah di Semua Tingkat).“Predicting Poverty Using Non-consumption Indicators” (Memprediksi Tingkat Kemiskinandengan Menggunakan Indikator).An Evaluation of the Community-based Health Insurance (JPKM) Schemes in Indonesia (EvaluasiJaminan Pelayanan Kesehatan Masyarakat).No1234Main Theme/Tema Utama“Basic Health Services in the Era ofRegional Autonomy” (PelayananKesehatan Dasar di Era OtonomiDaerah), Issue No. 9.“Assistance Programs to StrengthenMicrobusinesses” (Upaya-UpayaPenguatan Usaha Mikro), Issue No. 10.“Understanding the Poor” (MemahamiSuara Orang Miskin), Issue No. 11.“The Problem of Governance in Indonesia”(Masalah Tata Kelola Pemerintahan diIndonesia), Issue No. 12.IV. . NEWSLETTERSIntended Audience/PembacaGeneral public,academia, NGOs, themedia, government anddonor agencies.Masyarakat luas,perguruan tinggi, LSM,media, lembagalembagapemerintah dandonor.Date of Publication/Waktu PublikasiJanuary – March 2004April – June 2004July – September 2004October – December2004Laporan Tahunan 2 004

43Publications, Wororkshops and Researesearch h ActivitiesV. . OTHER PUBLICATIONSNo123456Title/Judul“Proposed Indonesian Social Security Reform: Will ItWork?” (Usulan Reformasi Sistem PerlindunganSosial di Indonesia: Akankah efektif?) By AlexArifianto and published in the Jakarta Post onJanuary 31, 2004.“Good Governance Does Matter for the Reduction ofPoverty” (Tata Kelola Pemerintahan yang Baik TidakLain Terkait dengan Upaya PenanggulanganKemiskinan) By: Alex Arifianto and published in theJakarta Post on March 16, 2004.“Glossary of Regional Autonomy Terms” (GlosariumPeristilahan dalam Otonomi Daerah).“Towards a Sustainable Social Security Reform”(Menuju Reformasi Sistem Perlindungan Sosial yangBerkelanjutan) By: Alex Arifianto and published in theJakarta Post on May 4, 2004.“SMERU 2003 Annual Report” (Laporan TahunanSMERU 2003).“Labor Market and Industrial Relations Policies whichBroaden Employment Opportunities” (Kebijakan PasarKerja dan Hubungan Industrial untuk MemperluasKesempatan Kerja).Type ofPublication/Jenis PublikasiNewspaperArticleNewspaperArticleGlossaryNewspaperArticleReportProceedingDate ofPublication/WaktuPublikasiJanuary 2004March 2004April 2004May 2004June 2004September20047“CD Rom version of “Assistance Programs toStrengthen Small and Microbusinesses during 1997-2003” (Versi CD Rom tentang Upaya-upaya PenguatanUsaha Mikro dan Usaha Kecil Tahun 1997-2003).CD Rom VersionJuly 20048910111213“Training Manual on Research Methodologies for NGOs”(Manual Pelatihan Metodologi Penelitian bagi Ornop).“The Planning and Budgeting of Poverty ReductionStrategies” (Perencanaan dan Penganggaran StrategiPenanggulangan Kemiskinan).“Survey on NGO’s Perceptions of SMERU” (PersepsiLSM terhadap Lembaga Penelitian SMERU).“Development of Local Initiative in Planning System andPublic Budget Based on Local Poverty Reduction StrategyPaper” (Lokakarya Pengembangan Inisiatif Lokal untukSistem Perencanaan dan Anggaran Publik BerdasarkanStrategi Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Daerah – SPKD).“Policy Brief on Poverty Reduction Efforts” (RingkasanKebijakan Upaya Penanggulangan Kemiskinan).ManualProceedingReportProceedingSeptember2004December2004December2004December2004Policy Brief2004SMERU Brochure 2004 Brochure 2004Laporan Tahunan 2 004

44Publikasi, Lokakakararya, a, dan Kegiategiatan an PenelitianVI. WORKSHOPS AND SEMINARS ORGANIZEDBY SMERUNoTopic/TopikParticipants/PesertaScope/Lingkup1“Understanding the Voice of thePoor: Inputs for the PRSP (basedon the Consolidation of ExistingPPA Studies)”Memahami Suara Orang Miskin:Input untuk PRSP (BerdasarkanKonsolidasi Studi KajianKemiskinan Partisipatoris/KKPyang Ada), 15 January 2004.Representatives from governmentinstitutions, NGOs, universities, anddonor organizations.Perwakilan dari instansipemerintah, LSM, universitas danlembaga donor.National Workshop(LokakaryaNasional)Jakarta2“The Challenge of Street-LevelReform: Tackling Absenteeism ofTeachers and Medical Personnel”(Tantangan Reformasi TingkatDasar: Mencari SolusiKetidakhadiran Tenaga Medisdan Guru), 25-26 January 2004.Representatives from internationalagencies (DFID, World Bank, GDN, ILO,etc), research institutes, internationalNGOs, universities, foundations, etc.Perwakilan dari lembaga-lembagainternasional (DFID, Bank Dunia,GDN, ILO, dll), lembaga penelitian,LSM internasional, universitas,yayasan dan lain-lain.Internationalworkshop(LokakaryaInternasional)New Delhi3“Regional Poverty ReductionStrategies: Planning and Budgeting– What Works Best?” (StrategiPenanggulangan Kemiskinan:Perencanaan dan Penganggaran –Manakah yang Berhasil), 23-24March 2004.Representatives from Bappenas,Hickling-Bearing Point, CIDA,PERFORM Project, CommunityRecovery Program, localgovernments, researchorganizations and universities.Perwakilan dari Bappenas,Hickling-Bearing Point, CIDA,Proyek PERFORM, ProgramPemulihan Keberdayaan Komunitas(Community Recovery), pemda,lembaga penelitian dan universitas.Regional workshop(LokakaryaDaerah)Makassar4Socio-economic Impact Evaluationof the Sulawesi Agricultural AreaDevelopment Project (SAADP)”(Evaluasi Dampak Sosial-ekonomiProyek Pengembangan WilayahBerbasis Pertanian di Sulawesi(SAADP), 27 April, 2004.“Representatives from World Bank,the Directorate General for RegionalDevelopment, provincial and districtgovernment officials, TadulakoUniversity, Untad Research Institute,Bank Mandiri, NGOs, and SAADPfacilitators and UPKD chair people.Perwakilan dari Bank Dunia, DirjenPembangunan Daerah, pemerintahdaerah, Universitas Tadulako,Lembaga Penelitian Untad, BankMandiri, LSM, fasilitator SAADPdan para pimpinan UPKD.Regional workshop(LokakaryaDaerah)Palu5“Training Session on ResearchMethodologies for NGOs”(Pelatihan Metodologi Penelitianbagi Ornop), 24-27 May, 2004.Representatives from the 20 NGOs inSumatra, Kalimantan, Java, and Bali.Fourteen trainers, including 7 fromSMERU and one from the TifaFoundation, provided information on avariety of research methodologies.Perwakilan dari 20 Ornop di Sumatra,Kalimantan, Jawa dan Bali. Empatbelas fasilitator, yang mencakupi 7orang dari SMERU dan seorang dariYayasan Tifa, memberikan informasitentang berbagai metode penelitianNational Training(PelatihanNasional)JakartaLaporan Tahunan 2 004

45Publications, Wororkshops and Researesearch h ActivitiesNoTopic/TopikParticipants/PesertaScope/Lingkup6“Poverty Analysis and DataInitiative (PADI)” (Inisiatif Analisis& Data Kemiskinan ), 14-16 June,2004.Representatives from the WorldBank, donor agencies, SMERU andindividuals from other SoutheastAsian Countries. Perwakilan dariBank Dunia, lembaga donor,SMERU dan wakil pribadi daribeberapa negara ASEAN.Internationalworkshop(LokakaryaInternasional)Jakarta7“Development of Local Initiative inPlanning System and PublicBudget Based on Local PovertyReduction Strategy Paper”(Pengembangan Inisiatif Lokaldalam Sistem Perencanaan danAnggaran Publik yang Mengacupada Konsep StrategiPenanggulangan Kemiskinan),14-16 October, 2004.Governor of NTT, representativesfrom DPRD of Kupang, Belu andSouth-Central Timor, Bappeda ofNTT, North-Central Timor and Belu,Statistics Indonesia of Alor, PKBappenas Jakarta, NGOs such asLKBH PENA, Yayasan Tanpa Batas,Increase and Rumah PerempuanKupang, PIJAR, KIKIS, and INFID.Gubernur NTT, perwakilan dariDPRD Kupang, Belu dan TimorTengah Selatan (TTS), BappedaNTT, Timor Tengah Utara (TTU)dan Belu, BPS Alor, PK BappenasJakarta, LSM seperti LKBH PENA,Yayasan Tanpa Batas, Increase danRumah Perempuan Kupang, PIJAR,KIKIS, dan INFID.Regional workshop(LokakaryaDaerah)Kupang8“Mapping Poverty in SoutheastAsia” (Pemetaan Kemiskinan diAsia Tenggara), 1-2 December2004.Representatives from FAO, WorldBank, WFP, UC Berkeley, IFPRI,Humbold University, CIFOR,producers of poverty maps fromSoutheast Asian countries(Thailand, The Philippines,Cambodia, Vietnam and Indonesia),government officials, researchersand university lecturers.Wakil dariFAO, Bank Dunia, WFP, UCBerkeley, IFPRI, UniversitasHumbold, CIFOR, produser petakemiskinan dari negara ASEAN(Thailand, Philipina, Kamboja,Vietnam dan Indonesia), pejabatpemerintah, peneliti, dan dosen.Internationalworkshop(LokakaryaInternasional)Jakarta9“Mapping Poverty in West NusaTenggara (NTB)” (PemetaanKemiskinan di Nusa TenggaraBarat), 20 December, 2004.Representatives from localauthorities of provincial, district subdistrictand village level such asBupati, Dinas Kesehatan, DinasPendidikan, Bappeda, BPMD, KPKD,BPS, camat, and kepala desa),NGOs, academics from Unram andlocal reporters. Perwakilan daripemerintah lokal dari tingkatprovinsi, kabupaten, kecamatan dandesa seperti Bupati, DinasKesehatan, Dinas Pendidikan,Bappeda, BPMD, KPKD, BPS, camat,dan kepala desa), LSM, akademisidari Unram dan wartawan lokal.Regional workshop(LokakaryaDaerah)MataramLaporan Tahunan 2 004

47Publications, Wororkshops and Researesearch h ActivitiesNo11Host/PenyelenggaraInternational LabourOrganization (ILO)Presenter: Mr. Alex ArifiantoDate/VenueTanggal/Tempat7 April 2004Twin Plaza Hotel,JakartaTopic/Topik“Balancing Labor Protection andEmployment Opportunities: Input for theIndonesian PRSP.”12BappenasPresenter: Dr. Asep Suryahadi7 April 2004Millenium Hotel, Jakarta“Employment and Business Opportunitiesat The Gender Mainstreaming in PRSP .”13Health ForumPresenter: Dr. Asep Suryahadi7 May 2004“Poverty Mapping in Indonesia.”Ministry of Health Office141516The Healthcare Group of the 10 May 2004“Briefing on the Indonesian SocialInternational Business Chamber The Mercantile Club, Security Reform Bill (Jamsosnas).”and British Chamber of Commerce World Trade Center,Presenter: Mr. Alex Arifianto JakartaFood Security Board, the 19 May 2004Bidakara “Widyakarya Nasional Pangan dan GiziMinistry of Agriculture,Bappenas, Statistics Indonesiaand LIPIDiscussant: Dr. Sudarno SumartoHotel, JakartaVIII (Eighth Food and Nutrition NationalWorkshop).”The World BankPresenter: Mr. Sulton Mawardi1 June 2004World Bank Office“Decentralization and AgriculturalExtension: Delivery Benchmarks,Transfers and Capacity Building inIntergovernmental Relations inIndonesia.”1718The Ford FoundationAttendant from SMERU:Dr. Asep Suryahadi andMs. Wenefrida WidyantiThe Second Writer’s Workshopheld in ManilaPresenter: Mr. Sulton Mawardi3-5 June 2004Windsor Hotel,Bangkok, Thailand“Social Protection in Asia: A RegionalResearch Initiative.”7-8 June 2004 Manila “Decentralization and AgriculturalExtension: Delivery Benchmarks,Transfers and Capacity Building inIntergovernmental Relations inIndonesia.”19PADIPresenter: Mr. Daniel Suryadarma14-16 June 2004JakartaWhen Teachers are Absent: Where doThey Go and What is the Impact on theStudents?”20The Third Poverty andEconomic Policy ResearchNetwork Meeting in Senegal.Presenter: Dr. Sudarno Sumarto15-21 June 2004Senegal“Local Systems which Monitor theImplementation of Indonesia’s SocialSafety Net Program.”Laporan Tahunan 2 004

48Publikasi, Lokakakararya, a, dan Kegiategiatan an PenelitianNo2122Host/PenyelenggaraBappenas and GIAT-USAIDProjectPresenter: Mr. Alex ArifiantoThe Association of IndonesiaWelfare Labor Unions (K-SBSI)and the GIAT-USAID project.Presenter: Mr. Alex ArifiantoDate/VenueTanggal/Tempat24 June 2004Borobudur Hotel,Jakarta25 June 2004 TrevaInternational Hotel,JakartaTopic/Topik“Social Security Reform in Indonesia: AnAnalysis of the National Social SecurityBill.”“Labor Unions Workshop on theIndonesian Social Security Reform Bill.”23BappenasPresenter: Dr. Asep Suryahadiand Ms. Widjajanti1-2 JulyAston Atrium Hotel,Jakarta“Public Consultation on PovertyReduction Strategies.”2425Brawijaya University, theOxford Institute of Aging andthe Belle van Zulyen Institute ofthe University of Amsterdamand the European Alliance forAsian Studies and Asia-EuropeFoundation.Presenter: Mr. AlexArifiantoNon-Aligned Movement (NAM).Presenter: Dr. Sudarno Sumarto8 July 2004Shangri La Hotel,Jakarta27 July 2004NAM office, Jakarta“Old-Age Vulnerabilities: Asian andEuropean Perspectives.”“Understanding Poverty and ItsMultidimensionality with SpecialReference to Indonesia.”2627ApindoPresenter: Mr. Alex ArifiantoThe Indonesian Public PolicyNetwork (JAJAKI).Presenter/Commentator: Mr.Alex Arifianto28 July 2004Apindooffice, Jakarta5 August 2004UNSFIR office, Jakarta“The Impacts of Employment Policy onLabor Market Availability.”“Social Protection and Labor Market fromAcademic Perspectives.”282930The East Asia Research Centerof the Atmajaya University andthe Japan Association onUrbanology.Presenter: Dr. Asep SuryahadiEuropean IndonesianAssociation.Presenter: Dr. SudarnoSumarto and Mr. Alex ArifiantoUNSFIR and the IndonesianPublic Policy Network (JAJAKI).Presenter: Mr. Alex Arifianto5 August 2004Atmajaya University,Jakarta25 August 2004The Grand Hyatt Hotel,Jakarta7 September 2004Bidakara Hotel, Jakarta“The Possibility of Sustainable Cities.”“The 2004 Indonesia HumanDevelopment Report: A CriticalAnalysis.”“Social Policy.”Laporan Tahunan 2 004

49Publications, Wororkshops and Researesearch h ActivitiesNoHost/PenyelenggaraDate/VenueTanggal/TempatTopic/Topik31GEMA PKM Indonesia andAssociation for CommunityEmpowerment (ACE).Presenter: Mr. BambangSoelaksono11-13 October 2004Lembah Nyiur Hotel,Cisarua - BogorThe Opportunity and Challenge forDeveloping Indonesian Microfinance.”32The Agency for Economic andFinancial Analysis andInternational Cooperation,Ministry of Finance.Presenter: Dr. Asep Suryahadi25 October 2004Ministry of FinanceOffice, Jakarta“Susenas for Policy Evaluation: the Caseof Poverty Reduction.”33The Institute of SoutheastAsian Studies (ISEAS),Singapore.Presenter: Mr. Alex Arifianto23-24 November 2004ISEAS, Singapore“Public Policy toward the Elderly inIndonesia: Current Policy and FutureDirections.”34BappenasPresenter: Dr. Sudarno Sumarto6 December 2004Bappenas Office,Jakarta“Policy Review on Social Welfare andSocial Justice in the DecentralizationEra.”35UNSFIR, Bappenas andLP3ES.Presenter: Mr. DanielSuryadarma16 December 2004Jakarta“Policy Choices to Address Inequalityin Indonesia.”3637LIPIPresenter: Mr. Sulton MawardiThe World BankPresenter: Dr. Sudarno Sumarto16 December 2004LIPI Building, Jakarta21 December 2004World Bank office,Jakarta“Regional Autonomy, Conflict andCompetitiveness.”“Perspectives on Indonesian Poverty.”38Dompet Dhuafa RepublikaPresenter: Dr. Asep Suryahadi23 December 2004Dompet Dhuafa Republika,Jakarta“Program Monitoring and EvaluationMethods.”Laporan Tahunan 2 004

50Publikasi, Lokakakararya, a, dan Kegiategiatan an PenelitianVIII. INTERNAL TRAININGS AND SEMINARS BY SMERU STAFFIN SMERU OFFICENo1Presenters/FacilitatorsDate /TanggalTopic/TopikMr. Daniel Suryadarma 7 March 2004 “When Teachers Are Absent: Where do TheyGo and What is the Impact on the Students?”234Dr. Asep Suryahadi 22 April 2004 “Sulawesi Agricultural Area Development ProjectSAADP Research Results.”Mr. Alex Arifianto 6 May 2004 “Policy Brief on the Indonesian SocialSecurity Reform Bill.”Dr. Asep Suryahadi andMs. Wenefrida Widyanti28 June 2004 “Information on Quantitative Research.”(In-house training for staff)5Ms. Sri Kusumastuti Rahayuand Ms. Sri Budiyati30 June 2004 “Information on Qualitative Research.”(In-house training for staff)678910Dr. Syaikhu Usman 7 July 2004 “Various Steps in the Interpretation of QualitativeData.” (In-house training for staff)Ms. Widjajanti and Ms. VitaFebrianyMitra Triatma, a HumanResources Consulting Firm.Ms. Nuning Akhmadi and Mr.Justin SodoPradipta Paramitha Foundation. 24-25 August 200414 July 2004 “Preparing a Research Proposal.”(In-house training for staff)21-23 July 2004 “ All Staff Retreat.”29 July 2004 “Report Writing and the Evaluation of a ResearchReport.” (In-house training for staff)“Training for Using Participatory ResearchTechniques – Focus Group Discussion”1112Ms. Kathryn Sadler and Mr.Bambang C. HadiMs. Liza Hadiz and Ms. SufietErlita23 September 2004 “Translation Process and Internet Surfing.”(In-house training for staff)6 October 2004 “Information Literacy Skills.” (In-house training forstaff)1314Ms. Sri Kusumastuti Rahayu 21 October 2004 “Bridging Research and Policy.”(In-house training for staff)Yayasan Kusuma Buana 22 December 2004 “Basic Information on HIV/AIDS.”IX. WORKSHOPS AND SEMINARS ATTENDEDBY SMERU STAFIn 2004, SMERU staff attended 11international workshops and 114 nationalworkshops. During these workshops ourstaff actively participated in the discussionon various issues and shared our researchfindings.Pada tahun 2004, staf SMERUmenghadiri 11 lokakarya internasionaldan 114 lokakarya nasional. Dalamlokakarya tersebut, staff kami berperanaktif dalam diskusi mengenai berbagaiisu, serta menyampaikan temuanpenelitian SMERU.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

51Financial StatatementLaporan Tahunan 2 004

52Laporan an KeuangeuangananSMERU Research InstituteStatements of Activities and Fund Balancesfor the Years Ended December 31, 2004 and 2003REVENUEGrantsConsultant FeesInterest on Bank Current Accountsand Time DepositExchange Rate DifferenceOthersTotal RevenueUnrestricted(Rp)3,996,004,9501,221,253,62421,053,676481,927,170233,579,0605,953,188,4802004Restricted(Rp)2,631,074,362----2,631,074,362Total(Rp)6,207,829,3121,640,503,624233,579,06021,053,675481,297,1698,584,262,8402003Total(Rp)3,347,165,211574,740,50042,774,57161,759,287-4,026,439,569EXPENDITUREThe Ford FoundationThe Department for InternationalDevelopmentThe World BankThe Government of Australia (GOA) -AusAIDDepreciationExchange Rate DifferenceTotal Expenditure---3,388,763,272208,503,102-3,597,266,373650,741,3342,103,068,450----2,753,809,784650,741,3342,103,068,450-3,388,763,272-208,503,1026,351,076,1572,651,945,0001,957,571,999983,545,855-166,944,554451,661,6606,211,669,068EXCESS OF REVENUES OVEREXPENDITURES(EXPENDITURES OVER REVENUES)2,355,922,107(122,735,422)2,233,186,683(2,185,229,499)FUND BALANCE, BEGINNING5,491,506,838669,960,0626,161,466,9008,346,696,399FUND BALANCE, ENDING7,847,428,945574,224,6408,394,653,5836,161,466,900Laporan Tahunan 2 004

53Financial StatatementSMERU Research InstituteStatements of Cash Flowsfor the Years Ended December 31, 2004 and 20032004 2003Cash Flows From Operating ActivitiesExcess of Revenues over Expenditures 2,233,186,685 (2,185,229,499)Adjustments to Reconcile Excess of Revenues overExpenditure to Net Cash Provided by (Used in)Operating Activities:Depreciation 208,503,102 166,944,554Decrease (Increase) in:Employees Receivable (6,950,000) (250,000)Cash Advances (38,650,000) -Payable on Purchase of Equipment (54,545,000) 54,545,000Tax Payable (31,898,545) 67,533,000Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities 2,309,646,242 (1,896,456,945)Cash Flows From Investing ActivitiesAcquisition of Equipment (23,287,000) (431,978,046)Net Increase (Decrease) In Cash 2,286,359,242 (2,328,434,991)Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning 6,009,961,533 8,338,396,524Cash and Cash Equivalents, Ending 8,296,320,775 6,009,961,533Laporan Tahunan 2 004

54Laporan an PublikasiSMERU Research InstituteStatements of Financial Positionfor the Years Ended December 31, 2004 and 2003ASSETS2004 2003CURRENT ASSETSCash and Cash EquivalentsAccount ReceivablesCash AdvanceTotal Current Assets8,296,320,7759,950,00038,650,0008,344,920,7756,009,961,5333,000,000-6,012,961,533NON CURRENT ASSETSEquipment - Net of Acc. Depreciation465,824,940651,041,042TOTAL ASSETS8,810,745,7156,664,002,575NET ASSETS AND LIABILITIESLIABILITIESAccount PayableTax PayableTotal Liabilities-35,634,45535,634,45554,545,00067,533,000122,078,000NET ASSETSDonated EquipmentFund Balances:RestrictedUnrestrictedTotal Fund BalancesTotal Net Assets380,457,675574,224,6407,847,428,9458,394,653,5858,775,111,260380,457,675669,960,0625,491,506,8386,161,466,9006,541,924,575TOTAL NET ASSETS AND LIABILITIES8,810,745,7156,664,002,575Laporan Tahunan 2 004

55Adminisdministrtration and Stafaff f RevieviewADMINISTRATION AND STAFF REVIEWInstitutional MattersDuring 2004 SMERU took important steps tomeet its future challenges by formalizing itsVision 2010 - SMERU's Strategic Plan. Thisdocument is a guide for the implementationof SMERU's three strategic steps, namely:1. Research capacity building throughongoing enhancement of staff and instituteresources, as well as broadeninginstitutional links between SMERU andvarious parties;2. Institute capacity building incommunicating the importance ofSMERU's research findings to allstakeholders; and3. Achieving success in efforts to obtain longtermfinancial sustainability.Board of Governors' Meetings andPCC MeetingsIn accordance with the schedule agreedbetween SMERU and donor institutions,SMERU organized meetings of the ProjectConsultation Committee (PCC) on 11 August2004 and 15 February 2005. The objective ofthese meetings is to review the performanceand activities, both completed and planned bySMERU. The PCC meetings are attended byrepresentatives of donor institutions (AusAID,Ford Foundation, DFID), members of the Boardof Governors of the SMERU Foundation andrepresentatives of other affiliated institutes.The first term of the Board of Governors of theSMERU Foundation was completed on 12March 2004. The new Board of Governorsconsisting of a number of continuingmembers together with four new memberswas formed on 9 June 2004. The four newmembers (three from various affiliates andone from SMERU) include Dr. Boen Setiawan(Kalbe Farma), Dr. Syarif Hidayat (LIPI),Ir. Palgunadi T. Setyawan (ABAC IndonesiaSecretariat) and Widjajanti Suharyo, M.Sc.(SMERU). One member of the Board ofGovernors, Dr. Tom Theric, resigned ontaking up a teaching appointment inLaporan Tahunan 2 004

56Tinjauan Adminisdministrtrasi dan StafafTINJAUAN ADMINISTRASI DAN STAFKelembagaanPada tahun 2004 SMERU mengambil langkahpenting untuk menyongsong tantangannya dimasa depan, yaitu dengan menyusun Visi2010 - Rencana Strategis SMERU. Dokumenini sebagai rujukan dalam melaksanakan tigalangkah strategis SMERU, yaitu:1. Pengembangan kapasitas penelitianmelalui perbaikan staf dan sumber dayalembaga secara terus-menerus, sertaperluasan hubungan kelembagaanSMERU dengan berbagai pihak;2. Peningkatan kapasitas lembaga dalammengkomunikasikan temuan-temuanpenelitian SMERU kepada parapemangku kepentingan;3. Mencapai keberhasilan dalam upayamemperoleh kemandirian finansialjangka panjang.Rapat Badan Pengurus danPertemuan PCCSesuai dengan jadwal yang disepakati SMERUdan lembaga donor, maka pada 11 Agustus2004 dan 15 Februari 2005, SMERUmenyelenggarakan rapat Project ConsultationCommittee (PCC). Tujuan pertemuan ini untukmeninjau kinerja dan kegiatan yang telah danakan dilakukan oleh SMERU. Rapat PCCdihadiri oleh perwakilan lembaga donor(AusAID, Ford Foundation, DFID), anggotaBadan Pengurus Yayasan SMERU dan wakil -wakil dari lembaga afiliasi lainnya.Karena masa tugas Badan Pengurus YayasanSMERU Periode I telah habis pada 12 Maret2004, maka pada 9 Juni 2004 dibentukbadan pengurus baru. Badan PengurusPeriode II terdiri dari pengurus lamaditambah dengan empat anggota baru, yaitudr. Boen Setiawan Ph.D. (Kalbe Farma),Dr. Syarif Hidayat (LIPI), Ir. Palgunadi T. Setyawan(ABAC Indonesia Sekretariat),Widjajanti Suharyo, M.Sc. (SMERU). Seoranganggota Badan Pengurus, Dr. Tom Theric,mengundurkan diri karena akan mengajar diAustralia. Secara aklamasi Dr. Thee Kian WieLaporan Tahunan 2 004

57Adminisdministrtration and Stafaff f RevieviewStaffAustralia. Dr. Thee Kian Wie was re-elected byacclamation as Chairperson of the Board ofGovernors of the SMERU Foundation for theperiod 2004 - 2007.During 2004 the Board of Governors heldthree meetings: on 9 June 2004 to discussthe results of the Board's work during the firstterm as well as to form the new administrationfor the next three year term. The followingmeetings on 10 August 2004 and 14February 2005 discussed matters associatedwith SMERU's activities. The Board ofGovernors schedules meetings for membersliving in Jakarta once a quarter so all themembers of the Board of Governors can bemore involved in SMERU's activities.During the 2004 period, SMERU recruitedfour staff, one senior researcher (a PhDgraduate from the University of Amsterdam);an External Affairs Officer (a M.Phil graduatefrom the University of Calcutta) to replace theprevious EAO, a translator/assistant editorfrom Australian Volunteers International (AVI)who is a graduate in Indonesian studies fromGriffith University to strengthen SMERU'sPublication Team, and one S-1 DiponegoroUniversity graduate to replace the previous ITperson who is now continuing his studies inthe Netherlands. Currently, two researcherpositions are vacant due to the resignations oftwo researchers in July and December 2004to continue their studies in the Netherlandsand Australia respectively.In order to protect the quality of its staffperformance, SMERU's Management Teamundertook a staff evaluation in January 2005.These evaluations help the Management Teamto monitor the progress of staff performance. •The SMERU Management Team meetregularly each month to discuss researchactivity (completed, ongoing, and future)arrange workplans as well as discussadministration and financial problems. Inaddition, the Management Team alsoholds routine meetings with staff.Laporan Tahunan 2 004

58Tinjauan Adminisdministrtrasi dan Stafafterpilih kembali sebagai ketua BadanPengurus Yayasan SMERU periode 2004 -2007.Selama tahun 2004 Badan Pengurusmengadakan tiga pertemuan, yaitu pada 9Juni 2004 untuk membahas hasil kerjaBadan Pengurus periode I, serta membentukkepengurusan baru dengan masa kerja 3tahun. Pertemuan selanjutnya pada 11Agustus 2004 dan 15 Februari 2005, untukmendiskusikan hal-hal yang terkait dengankegiatan SMERU. Badan Pengurusmenjadwalkan pertemuan bagi anggota yangberdomisili di Jakarta setiap tiga bulan sekaliagar para anggota Badan Pengurus dapatlebih terlibat dalam kegiatan SMERU.Secara teratur Tim Manajemen SMERU bertemusetiap bulan untuk membicarakan kegiatanpenelitian yang telah, sedang berlangsung danyang akan dilakukan di waktu yang akan datang,menyusun rencana kerja, serta membahasmasalah administrasi dan keuangan. Di sampingitu, Tim Manajemen juga mengadakan pertemuandengan staf secara rutin.StafSelama periode tahun 2004 SMERU merekrutempat staff, yaitu satu peneliti senior, seorangPh.D. dari University of Amsterdam; satuExternal Affairs Officer, seorang M.Phil. dariUniversity of Calcutta untuk menggantikanstaf terdahulu; satu penerjemah/asisten editordari Australian Volunteers International (AVI)dari Griffith University dengan latar belakangIndonesian Studies untuk memperkuat TimPublikasi SMERU; dan seorang sarjana teknikdari Universitas Diponegoro untukmenggantikan staf IT sebelumnya yang kinimelanjutkan studi ke Belanda. Saat ini duaposisi peneliti sedang kosong karena pada Julidan Desember 2004 dua peneliti SMERUmengundurkan diri untuk melanjutkan studi diBelanda dan Australia.Agar dapat menjaga kualitas kinerja stafnya,Tim Manajemen SMERU melakukan evaluasistaf pada Januari 2005. Evaluasi inimembantu Tim Manajemen untuk memantaukemajuan kinerja stafnya. •Laporan Tahunan 2 004

59ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF SMERU RESEARCH INSTITUTE 2004STRUKTUR ORGANISASI LEMBAGA PENELITIAN SMERU 2004Foundation/YayasanBoard of GovernorsPembinaInstitute/LembagaAdvisory BoardBadan PenasehatDirectorDirekturConsultantKonsultanExternal Affairs/DonorLiaison OfficerHubungan Luar/DonorDeputy Director Administration,Finance & Publication DivisionDeputi Direktur Bidang Administrasi,Keuangan & PublikasiDeputy DirectorResearch DivisionDeputi Direktur Bidang PenelitianDivision CoordinatorAdministration & FinanceKoordinator Divisi Administrasidan KeuanganDivision CoordinatorPublications & InformationKoordinator Divisi Publikasi danInformasiResearchersPenelitiVisiting ResearchersPeneliti Tamu• Administration & HumanResources/Administrasi &SDM• Finance/Keuangan• Accounting/Akuntansi• Editorial/Editoral• Publications/Publikasi• NGO Partnership/Kemitraan dengan Ornop• Information Technology/Teknologi Informasi• Library/PerpustakaanLaporan Tahunan 2 004

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