saqarTveloSi pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis moculoba mcirdeba

1
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti
resourcesecurityinstitute.org
www.laender-analysen.de
www.res.ethz.ch
www.boell.ge
saqarTveloSi pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis moculoba mcirdeba
maia edilaSvili, Tbilisi
nawyveti
2007 wels, pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis uprecedento zrdis Semdeg, saqarTvelos am investiciebis
TandaTanobiTi Semcireba awuxebs. rogorc adgilobrivi, ise ucxoeli eqspertebi erTxmad aRniSnaven,
rom qveyana umwvavesi problemis winaSe dgas. pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis odenoba an isev
mkveTrad unda gaizardos an unda moxdes ekonomikis maRalpotenciuri seqtorebis stimulireba, rom
SenarCundes mSp-is zrda da investorebis ndoba srulad aRdges.
mosalodnelze bevrad naklebi
uaRresad mZime sainvesticio garemos miuxedavad,
pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis mozidva mixeil saakaSvilis
mTavrobisTvis erT-erTi umTavresi prioriteti
gaxda im dRidanve, roca is xelisuflebaSi movida
da radikaluri ekonomikuri reformebis gatareba
daiwyo. mTavrobis Sefasebebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos
ekonomika rom gadarCes, yovelwliurad daaxloebiT 2
miliardi aSS dolaris ucxouri kapitalis Semodinebaa
aucilebeli. 2007 wels es mizani miRweul iqna. maSin
pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis odenoba orjer da
metad gaizarda da 2.15 miliard aSS dolars miaRwia,
rac mSp-is 19.8% iyo. am maCvenebels, ZiriTadad, privatizaciis
wyalobiT miaRwia.
ucxouri kapitalis es arnaxuli Semodineba mTavrobis
Zalisxmevis Sedegi iyo. man moaxerxa biznesis warmoe-
bis wesebis gamartiveba da sagadasaxado sistemis reformireba,
ris Sedegadac Tavdapirvelad arsebuli 21
gadasaxadidan qveyanaSi mxolod eqvsi darCa, xolo 15
sabaJo proceduridan _ mxolod Svidi. Tavisi roli
iTamaSa gadasaxadebis Semcirebamac. damatebiTi Rirebulebis
gadasaxadi (dRg) 20%-dan 18%-mde Semcirda,
mogebis gadasaxadi _ 20%-dan 15%-mde, xolo gadasaxadi
dividendebze _ 10%-dan 5%-mde.
magram msoflio finansurma krizisma, 2008 wlis agvistos
omma da Semdgomma movlenebma zrda Seaferxa. 2008
wels pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis odenoba mkve-
Trad Semcirda da 1.56 miliard dolaramde daeca, 2009
wels ki _ 658 milion aSS dolaramde. am sevdiani suraTis
miuxedavad, mTavrobas optimizmi ar daukargavs.
magaliTad, premier-ministri nika gilauri 2010 wels
ucxouri kapitalis saxiT 1.2 miliardi aSS dolaris
Semodinebas winaswarmetyvelebda, Tumca mizani ver

iqna miRweuli. saqarTvelos statistikis departamentis
mier gamoqveynebuli winaswari monacemebiT, 2010
wels pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis odenoba 16%iT
Semcirda da 553 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina. es
mSp-is 4.7 procentia, rac ara mxolod krizisis wina
periodze naklebia, aramed 2004 wlis Semdgomi periodisaTvisac
sarekordod dabali maCvenebelia.
saqarTvelo - sanimuSo reformatori
saqarTvelos mSp-is zrdis tempi 2004 wels SedarebiT
dabali iyo da 5.9%-s Seadgenda, 2007 wels ki 12.3%-s
miaRwia. miCneulia, rom mTavrobas biznesisaTvis xelsayreli
garemos Seqmnasa da korufciis aRmofxvraSi
warmatebebisaTvis rom ar mieRwia, es SeuZlebeli iqneboda.
msoflio bankis iniciativiT daarsebuli Investing Across
Borders, romelic pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebisaTvis
Seqmnil garemos afasebs, acxadebs, rom saqarTvelo
ucxoeli investorebisaTvis erT-erTi yvelaze
gaxsnili qveyanaa. Tavis angariSSi organizacia amtkicebs,
rom is qveynebi, romlebsac misi SefasebiT
kargi maCveneblebi aqvT, TavianTi ekonomikisa da mosaxleobis
zomebis gaTvaliswinebiT ufro met pirdapir
ucxour investicias izidaven. angariSSi aseve naTqvamia,
rom saqarTveloSi biznesis dasawyebad saWiro
procedurebis gasavlelad `erT kviraze naklebi~ (4
dRe) ixarjeba, haitisa da angolaSi ki amas SeiZleba
naxevari weliwadi dasWirdes. saqarTveloSi mTavrobisagan
miwis ijariT asaRebad 50 dRea saWiro, bulgareTSi
ki imave miznis misaRwevad 351 dRe dagWirdebaT.
msoflio bankisa da saerTaSoriso safinanso korporaciis
yovelwliuri mimoxilvis Tanaxmad, romelSic
qveynebis rangireba biznesisaTvis Seqmnili garemos
mixedviT xdeba, 2006 wels saqarTvelo dsT-is region-
Si saukeTeso reformatori gaxda. angariSSi `biznesis
warmoeba 2011: garemos Secvla mewarmeebisaTvis~ saqarTvelo
biznesgaremos reformirebis TvalsazrisiT
bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi msoflios saukeTeso
aTeulSi Sedis, rac imas niSnavs, rom qveyanam biznesisaTvis
garemos gaumjobesebis saqmeSi win `didi nabijebi
gadadga~.
amas garda, mTel msoflioSi saxelmwifo seqtorSi korufciis
donis erT-erTi yvelaze sando Semfaseblis,
Transparency International-is korufciis aRqmis indeqsis
Tanaxmad, 178 qveyanas Soris saqarTvelo 68-e adgilzea.
2010 wels saqarTveloSi korufciis aRqmis indeqsi
3.8 iyo, 2002 wels ki _ 2.2. Seswavlil aT sferoSi
situacia `sufTaa~, `uaRresad korumpirebuli~ ki arcerTi
ar aRmoCnda. SedarebisaTvis, somxeTi am siaSi
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti 2
123-e adgilzea, azerbaijani ki _ 134-ze. saqarTvelom
evrokavSiris wevrobis kandidatebs, montenegros, serbeTs,
albaneTsa da bosnia-hercegovinasac gauswro.
ekonomikis mxardaWera
zrdis umTavres mamoZravebel Zalas, pirdapir ucxour
investiciebs, saqarTvelos bolo aTi wlis mimdinare
balansis deficitis dafinansebisaTvis gadamwyveti
mniSvneloba hqonda.
2007 wels, roca ekonomika swrafi tempiT izrdeboda,
saqarTveloSi mimdinare balansis deficiti 2 miliardi
aSS dolari iyo, mSp-is daaxloebiT 11.8%. krizisis
Semdeg sagareo bazrebze Semcirebulma moTxovnam da
fasebis dramatulma vardnam mimdinare balansis deficiti
2009 wels mSp-is 11.7%-mde Seamcira, 2010 wels ki
_ mSp-is 10%-mde.
mimdinare balansis deficitis Semcireba saqarTvelos
centralurma bankma savaWro balansSi momxdari cvlilebebiT
axsna. 2009 wels savaWro deficiti 32.5%-iT
Semcirda da 3.24 miliardi aSS dolari Seadgina, 2008
wels ki es ukanaskneli 4.56 miliardi aSS dolari iyo.
es maCvenebeli 2010 wels mxolod mcirediT, 9%-iT
gaizarda da 3.52 miliardi aSS dolari Seadgina.
miuxedavad amisa, rogorc miiCneven, amJamindeli 10%iani
mimdinare balansis deficiti regionis sxva mzard
bazrebTan SedarebiT mainc didia. ucxoeli specialistebi,
maT Soris, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondidan,
miiCneven, rom Tu saqarTvelom 2011 wels pirdapiri
ucxouri investiciebi ver miiRo, mSp-is zrda SeCerdeba,
fiskaluri deficiti ki gaizrdeba. maTi rekomendaciiT,
saSualovadian perspeqtivaSi mimdinare balansis
deficiti mSp-is daaxloebiT 5-6%-mde unda Semcirdes.
zrdis potencialis gamoyeneba
saqarTvelos mTavrobis azriT, krizisisSemdgom garemoSi
mxolod pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis mkveTr
zrdaze imedis damyareba zrdis uzrunvelsayofad Sei-
Zleba sakmarisi aRar iyos da ufro proaqtiuri midgoma
gaxdes saWiro. adgilobrivi ekonomistebi Tanxmdebian
im sakiTxze, rom warmoebis zrdis uzrunvelsayofad
da kerZo investiciebis mosazidad xelisuflebam yuradReba
zrdis maRali potencialis mqone seqtorebze,
maT Soris soflis meurneobasa da energetikaze unda
gadaitanos.
mowinaaRmdegeebi saakaSvilis mTavrobas gamudmebiT
akritikebdnen imis gamo, rom 2005 wels mSp-Si soflis

3
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti
meurneobis 14.8%-iani wilis 2010 wels 8.4%-mde dacema
dauSva. saqarTveloSi yovelwliurad moxmarebuli
bostneulisa da xilis 50%-ze meti ucxoeTidan Semodis,
am seqtorSi pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
odenoba ki kvlavac dabalia da 2010 wels 2%-ze naklebi
Seadgina. kritikosebis sapasuxod, parlamentisadmi
Tavis yovelwliur mimarTvaSi prezidentma saakaSvilma
piroba dado, rom 2015 wlisaTvis sasoflo-sameurneo
nawarmis moculoba gaormagdeba da es dargi damatebiT
150 milion lars (90 milion aSS dolars) miiRebs.
energetikis seqtoris sruliad xeluxlebeli potencialic
aseve STambeWdavi Cans. Tu 2005 wels saeqsportod
daaxloebiT 3 milioni aSS dolaris Rirebulebis
122 aTasi kvt/sT eleqtroenergia gadioda, 2010 wels
pirvelma maCvenebelma 37 milion aSS dolars gadaaWarba,
meorem ki _ 1 miliard kvt/sT-s. gasul wels saqarTvelom
sazRvargareT 1400 miliardi kvt/sT eleqtroenergia
gayida, rac mTliani generaciis 15% iyo.
energetikis saministro moculobis dramatul zrdas
elodeba da acxadebs, rom 2016 wlisaTvis qveyanas 5
miliard kvt/sT-mde eleqtroenergiis eqsportis potenciali
aqvs.
ucxouri kapitali: umTavresi moTamaSeebi
2007 wels, roca saqarTveloSi pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
donem piks miaRwia, ucxoeli investorebisTvis
yvelaze mimzidveli xuTi seqtori _ transporti
da komunikaciebi (mTliani pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
20.7%), mrewveloba (19.8%), energetika (18%),
sastumroebi da restornebi (12%) da mSenebloba (8.5%)
iyo, xolo investorebs Soris CexeTi, niderlandebi,
britaneTis virjiniis kunZulebi, kviprosi da
TurqeTi liderobdnen. imave wels Cexurma kompaniam
Enego-Pro Georgia, qveyanaSi hidroeleqtrosadgurebi da
gamanawilebeli kompaniebi Seisyida da saqarTvelos energetikis
bazarze umsxvilesi moTamaSe gaxda.
2010 wlis winaswari statistikuri monacemebi cxadyofs,
rom ucxoeli biznesmenebi kvlavac bevr fuls
deben transportsa da komunikaciebSi (mTliani pirdapiri
ucxouri investiciebis 35%). mimzidveloba SeinarCuna
samrewvelo seqtormac (16.4%), xolo safinanso
seqtoris wilma mkveTrad moimata _ 6.8%-dan 2007 wels
16.2%-mde 2010 wels. sagrZnoblad gaizarda uZravi
qonebis wilic, romelmac 15.3%-s miaRwia maSin, roca
sami wliT adre sul 1.5% iyo.
2010 wels yvelaze didi investori niderlandebi
iyo. misma wilma mTlian pirdapir ucxour investiciebSi
143.2 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina. meore adgilze
108.4 milioni aSS dolariT SeerTebuli Statebi
gavida, mesame adgili ki 51.5 milioniT ruseTma daikava.
meoTxe adgilze 50.2 milioni aSS dolariT saer-
TaSoriso organizaciebi gavidnen, xolo azerbaijani
46.6 milioni aSS dolariT _ mexuTeze. bolo ori wlis
ganmavlobaSi investorebi niderlandebidan, ZiriTadad,
energetikisa da finansebis seqtorebSi muSaobdnen,
xolo SeerTebuli Statebi upiratesad transportisa
da komunikaciebis seqtoriTa da mrewvelobiT
iyo dainteresebuli. ruseTma didi investiciebi Cado
transportisa da komunikaciebis da safinanso seqtorebSi,
saerTaSoriso organizaciebma _ ZiriTadad,
uZrav qonebasa da safinanso seqtorSi, azerbaijanma ki
_ uZravi qonebis seqtorsa da transportsa da komunikaciebSi.
arabTa gaerTianebuli saamiroebi, romelic saqarTvelos
umsxvilesi investori iyo krizisis periodSi _
2008 da 2009 wels, roca man, Sesabamisad, 306.5 milioni
da 169.8 milioni aSS dolari Cado, 2010 wels 39.9 milioni
aSS dolariT meeqvse adgilze aRmoCnda. arabeTa
gaerTianebuli saamiroebis saxelmwifo kompania Ras Al
Khaimah Investment Authority (RAKIA) fuls ZiriTadad uZrav
qonebasTan dakavSirebul msxvil proeqtebSi debda.
2009 wels meore umsxvilesi ucxoeli investori 97.9
milioni aSS dolariT TurqeTi iyo, xolo 2010 wels
misi wvlili mTlian pirdapir ucxour investiciebSi
37.5 milion aSS dolaramde Semcirda da qveyanam me-7
adgilze gadainacvla. Turquli kapitali umTavresad
transportisa da komunikaciebis seqtorsa da mSeneblobaSi
ideba. TurqeTi saqarTvelos hidroenergetikis
seqtoriTac did dainteresebas iCens. amJamad
hidroenergetikis sferoSi sul 30 proeqti xorcieldeba,
investiciebma ki, Sefasebebis Tanaxmad, 3 miliard
aSS dolars gadaaWarba. am 30 proeqtidan Turqi
investorebi 16-is ganxorcielebaSi monawileoben da
energetikis saministros mier SemoTavazebuli axali
proeqtebis mimarTac iCenen interess.
mosalodnelia ekonomikis stabiluri
gajansaReba
2009 da 2010 wlebSi, roca pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
moculoba mTel msoflioSi katastrofulad
mcirdeboda, saqarTvelos mTavroba Zalisxmevas um-
Tavresad fiskaluri stabilurobis SenarCunebasa da
ucxouri investiciebis mozidvas axmarda.
winaswari statistikuri monacemebiT, 2009 wels 3.8%iT
Semcirebis Semdeg 2010 wels saqarTvelos ekonomika
6.4%-iT gaizarda. ekonomikuri zrda, romelsac kerZo
seqtorSi kreditebis Semosvlam da eqsportze sagrZnoblad
gazrdilma moTxovnam Seuwyo xeli, mTel region-

Si yvelaze STambeWdavi iyo (azerbaijanSi, romelsac
navTobi da gazi saeqsportod gaaqvs, zrda 5% iyo,
xolo somxeTSi, romelic navTobsa da gazs yidulobs,
_ 2.6%).
premier-ministr gilauris gancxadebiT, mSp-is zrda
2011 wels `SeiZleba 5-dan 7%-mde iyos~. misive TqmiT,
es optimizmi usafuZvlo araa: saqarTvelom moaxerxa
imis damtkiceba, rom misi ekonomikis safuZvlebi
sakmarisad myaria da politikuri da saerTaSoriso
Zvrebis miuxedavad, mokle xanSi gajansaRebis gzaze
dadgoma SeuZlia.
roca kerZo seqtorma fexze wamodgoma daiwyo, mTavrobam
finansuri stimulaciis Sewyveta da xarjebis
Semcireba gadawyvita, ris Sedegadac biujetis deficiti
2009 wlis 9.2%-dan 2010 wels 6.6%-mde Semcirda.
yvela am pozitiuri niSnis gaTvaliswinebiT, saerTa-
Soriso analitikosebi dadebiT prognozebs akeTeben.
saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis aprilis angariSis
Tanaxmad, krizisis pirobebSi saqarTvelos mTavrobis
politika warmatebuli iyo, ramac ekonomikis stabilizaciasa
da ndobis aRdgenas Seuwyo xeli. `ekonomika
soliduri nabijebiT midis gajansaRebisaken~, _ naTqvamia
angariSSi, romlis prognoziTac 2011 wels biujetis
deficiti 3.9%-mde Semcirdeba, rac fiskaluri
seqtoris safuZvliani gajansaRebis erT-erTi niSani
iqneba. mosalodnelia mSp-is 5.5%-iani zrda.
umTavresi amocana: meti pirdapiri ucxouri
investiciis mozidva 2011 wels
saqarTvelos mTavrobis dRis wesrigSi amJamad pirvel
adgilze pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis mozidvaa.
prognozebis Tanaxmad, 2011 wels qveyanaSi daaxloebiT
800 milioni aSS dolaris investiciebi Semova. agvistos
omis Semdeg saqarTvelos mTavroba investiciebis
mozidvas aziis qveynebSi cdilobda, radgan evropel
investorebs konfliqtur regionebSi fulis Cadeba ar
uyvarT, azielebi ki am mxriv, rogorc fiqroben, imdenad
ar frTxiloben.
pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis mosazidad aucilebeli
saxelmwifo politikis SemuSavebaze pasuxismgebeli
saqarTvelos erovnuli sainvesticio saagentos
monacemebiT, wels yuradReba aziis qveynebze, kerZod
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti 4
ki CineTsa da indoeTze gamaxvildeba. am siaSia azerbaijani
da ukrainac. prioritetuli seqtorebia energetika,
turizmi, infrastruqtura, agrobiznesi da
teqstilis warmoeba.
investorebis ndobis dabrunebis saqmeSi saqarTvelos
perspeqtivebis Sefasebisas saerTaSoriso savaluto
fondi aRniSnavs, rom pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
odenobis xelmeore zrda saqarTveloSi mosalodnelze
ufro neli aRmoCnda, Tumca mdgomareoba
zogadad mainc umjobesdeba. saerTaSoriso standartebis
mixedviT, ucxouri investiciebis Semodineba
saqarTveloSi `sakmaod karg~ donezea. ucxoeli analitikosebi
qveynis winsvlas aRniSnaven, magram maTi
optimizmi mainc frTxilia. saerTaSoriso savaluto
fondi saqarTvelos mTavrobas afrTxilebs, rom
sagareo viTareba albaT kvlavac meryevi iqneba, rac
imas niSnavs, rom pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
amdenad sasurveli xelmeore zrda uwindeburad didi
kiTxvis niSnis qveSaa.
daskvna
or erTdroul krizisamde saqarTveloSi ucxouri kapitali
didi odenobiT Semodioda, magram agvistos omma
da msoflio sakredito krizisma investorebis ndobas
Zlieri dartyma miayena da pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis
TandaTanobiTi kleba gamoiwvia.
amJamad saqarTvelos mTavrobis optimizmis umTavresi
safuZveli gasuli wlis stabiluri fiskaluri mdgomareobaa.
mTavrobas imedi aqvs, rom es indikatori
da saqarTveloSi arsebuli biznesklimati, romelmac
sayovelTao aRiareba moipova, aseve investiciebis
mosazidad mTel msoflioSi warmoebuli intensiuri
kampania, qveyanas ukve Semosuli investorebis ndobis
ganmtkicebasa da axali investorebis (ZiriTadad, aziis
qveynebidan) mozidvaSi daexmareba.
vinaidan arsebuli riskebi ar gamqrala, adgilobrivi
da ucxoeli eqspertebi saSualovadian perspeqtivaSi
saqarTvelos mTavrobas safuZvliani ekonomikuri
zrdisaTvis ukeTesi pirobebis Seqmnas, yvelaze perspeqtiuli
biznesseqtorebis gamovlenasa da maT ganviTarebas
urCeven.
avtoris Sesaxeb:
maia edilaSvili yovelkvireuli inglisurenovani gazeTis, Georgia Today-s redaqtoria. is aseve regularulad wers
inglisurenovani biznesJurnalis, Investor.ge-saTvis.

5
biznesis keTebis siadvile
momzadebulia msoflio bankis mier
masala mzaddeba 2003 wlidan
sixSire: yovelwliuri
monacemebi asaxavs wina wlis mdgomareobas.
amJamad masala mzaddeba 183 qveynis Sesaxeb.
URL: http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/
mokle aRwera:
biznesis keTebis siadvilis indeqsi qveynebis ekonomikas 1-dan 175-mde adgilebis mixedviT alagebs.
indeqsi gamoiTvleba rogorc 10 gansaxilvel sakiTxSi qveynis procentuli maCveneblebis saSualo
ariTmetikuli. mimoxilvis dros gamoiyeneba Sefasebis martivi meTodebi, raTa qveynebis daxasiaTeba
da Sedareba drois sxvadasxva monakveTSi maTi mdgomareobis aRweris SemTxvevaSic SesaZlebeli
iyos. mxedvelobaSi miiReba biznesis iuridiuli forma, misi moculoba, warmoebis adgili da xasiaTi.
gamokiTxva utardeba 8 aTasze met adgilobriv eqsperts, maT Soris iuristebs, konsultantebs,
buRaltrebs, mTavrobis moxeleebsa da sxva profesionalebs, romlebic regularulad iyeneben
sakanonmdeblo da sxva regulaciebs an Sesabamis sakiTxebze konsultaciebs atareben.
adgili
biznesis dawyeba
mSeneblobis
nebarTvis
aReba
sakuTrebis
registracia
sesxis aReba
investor. dacva
gadasax. gadaxda
vaWroba
sazRvargareT
kontraqtebis
Sesruleba
biznesis daxurva
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti
sainvesticio klimati samxreT kavkasiaSi
cxrili 1: biznesis keTebis siadvile 2010 wlisaTvis
aSS saqar-
Tvelo
germania
somxeTi
azerbaijani
CineTi ruseTi ukraina
5 12 22 48 54 79 123 145
9 8 88 22 15 151 108 118
27 7 18 78 160 181 182 179
12 2 67 5 10 38 51 164
6 15 15 46 46 65 89 32
5 20 93 93 20 93 93 109
62 61 88 159 103 114 105 181
20 35 14 82 177 50 162 139
8 41 6 63 27 15 18 43
14 105 35 54 88 68 103 150

konkurentunarianobis msoflio indeqsi
momzadebulia msoflio ekonomikuri forumis mier
mzaddeba 2005 wlidan (2001-2004 ww.: zrdis konkurentunarianobis indeqsi)
sixSire: yovelwliuri
monacemebi mocemulia dasaxelebaSi pirvelad naxsenebi wlisaTvis
amJamad masala mzaddeba 133 qveynisaTvis
URL: http://www.weforum.org/en/initiatives/gcp/Global%20Competitiveness%20Report/index.htm
mokle aRwera:
konkurentunarianobis msoflio indeqsi qveynebis konkurentunarianobas afasebs da im faqtorebis
erTian mimoxilvas warmoadgens, romlebsac Sromis nayofierebisa da konkurentunarianobisaTvis
gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs. es faqtorebi 90 indikatorisgan Sedgeba da cxra jgufad erTiandeba.
esenia: instituciuri faqtorebi (sakuTrebis ufleba, eTika da korufcia, Seusabamo gavlena,
mTavrobis araefeqturoba, usafrTxoeba, angariSvaldebuleba); infrastruqturuli faqtorebi
(infrastruqturis xarisxi, transporti, energetika, telekomunikaciebi); makroekonomika; jandacva da
dawyebiTi ganaTleba; umaRlesi ganaTleba da profesiuli momzadeba; bazris efeqturoba (konkurencia,
gadacdomebi, bazris sidide, moqniloba da Sromis bazris efeqturoba, safinanso bazris sirTule da
Riaoba); teqnologiuri mzaoba; biznesis daxvewiloba; inovaciebi. Sefasebebi keTdeba sxvadasxva tipis
zusti sajaro monacemebis kombinaciisa da aRmasrulebeli pirebis gamokiTxvis Sedegebis safuZvelze.
es ukanaskneli amomwuravi yovelwliuri gamokiTxvaa, romelsac Tavis partnior organizaciebTan
erTad msoflio ekonomikuri forumi atarebs. am droisaTvis gamokiTxva biznesis sferos 13 aTasze
met xelmZRvanels utardeba 133 indeqsirebul qveyanaSi. gamokiTxvis anketa qveynis biznesklimatze
gavlenis mqone im faqtorebis farTo speqtrs moicavs, romlebsac mdgradi ekonomikuri
ganviTarebisaTvis gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWeba.
diagrama 1: konkurentunarianobis msoflio indeqsi: qulebi da adgilebi 2010-2011 ww.
aSS
germania
CineTi
poloneTi
azerbaijani
ruseTi
ukraina
saqarTvelo
somxeTi
naklebad konkurentunariani metad konkurentunariani
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
3.9
3.86
3.76
4.29
4.24
98
4.51
89
93
4.84
57
63
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti 6
39
5.43
5.39
27
65
5
4
5.7 qula
adgili

7
ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsi
momzadebulia Heritage Foundation-isa da Wall Street Journal-is (aSS) mier
mzaddeba 1995 wlidan
sixSire: yovelwliuri
monacemebi asaxavs wina wlis mdgomareobas.
amJamad masala mzaddeba 183 qveynisaTvis
URL: http://www.heritage.org/Index/Ranking.aspx
mokle aRwera:
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti
2007 wels miRebuli meTodologia gadaisinja, raTa SesaZlebeli yofiliyo ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis
ufro naTeli suraTis warmodgena. indeqsiT 10 konkretuli faqtori fasdeba, Semdeg ki mTlianobaSi
saSualo Sefaseba gamoiTvleba. aTidan yoveli Tavisufleba 100-quliani sistemiT fasdeba, sadac
100 maqsimaluri Tavisuflebis aRmniSvnelia. 100 qula imis maniSnebelia, rom ekonomikuri garemo da
politikuri zomebis erToblioba maqsimalur ekonomikur Tavisuflebas uzrunvelyofs. Sesafasebeli
10 faqtori Semdegia: biznesis, vaWrobisa da fiskaluri Tavisufleba, Tavisufleba mTavrobisgan,
monetaruli, sainvesticio da safinanso Tavisufleba, sakuTrebis ufleba, Tavisufleba korufciisgan,
Sromis Tavisufleba.
diagrama 2: ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsi: qulebi da adgilebi 2011 w.
naklebi ekonomikuri Tavisufleba meti ekonomikuri Tavisufleba
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
aSS
germania
saqarTvelo
somxeTi
poloneTi
azerbaijani
CineTi
ruseTi
ukraina
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
45.8
52
50.5
59.7
64.1
71.8
70.4
69.7
77.8
azerbaijani ruseTi somxeTi saqarTvelo
164
135
143
92
68
36
23
29
9
5.7 qula
65 adgili
diagrama 3: ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsi: qulebi da adgilebi 1995-2011 ww.

korufciis aRqmis indeqsi
momzadebulia Transparency International-is mier
mzaddeba 1995 wlidan
sixSire: yovelwliuri
amJamad masala mzaddeba 180 qveynisaTvis
URL: http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi
mokle aRwera:
korufciis aRqmis indeqsi Sedgenili indeqsia, romelic msoflios sxvadasxva qveynis saxelmwifo
seqtorSi korufciis Taobaze eqspertebis gamokiTxvis Sedegebs efuZneba. qveynebis rangireba
aTbaliani Skalis mixedviT xdeba. nuli Skalaze korufciis maRali aRqmis, 10 ki dabali aRqmis
maniSnebelia
meti ekonomikuri Tavisufleba naklebi ekonomikuri Tavisufleba
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
diagrama 4: korufciis aRqmis indeqsi 2010: qulebi da adgilebi
germania
aSS
poloneTi
saqarTvelo
CineTi
somxeTi
azerbaijani
ukraina
ruseTi
diagrama 5: korufciis aRqmis indeqsi 2003-2010
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2.1
statia momzadebulia hainrih biolis fondis
mxardaWeriT. am publikaciaSi gamoTqmuli
Sexedulebebi da mosazrebebi ar aris
aucilebeli, gamoxatavdes hainrih biolis
fondis Sexedulebebs.
2.4
2.4
2.6
154
3.8
3.5
123
134
134
78
68
5.3
41
7.1
5.7 qula
7.9
65 adgili
azerbaijani ruseTi somxeTi saqarTvelo
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
22
kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti 8
15