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7. a) tvirTbrunviT liderobs sazRvao transporti; mgzavrTbrunviT – saavtomobilo transporti.
b) satransporto kompleqsSi 6 ZiriTadi saxea gamoyofili. kerZod, sarkinigzo, saavtomobilo,
milsadeni, sazRvao, samdinaro, sahaero. sarkinigzo transportis roli sakmaod mniSvnelovania,
rogorc samrewvelo da soflis meurneobis tvirTebis gadazidvaSi, aseve mgzavrTa gadayvanaSi.
igi tvirTbrunviT mxolod sazRvao transports CamorCeba. saavtomobilo transports wamyvani
adgili ukavia mgzavrTa gadayvanaSi.
milsaden transports gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs navTobis, bunebrivi airisa da nav-
Tobproduqtebis transportirebaSi. bolo dros milsaden transportSi inergeba fxvieri myari
nivTierebebis transportirebac.
Zalian didia sazRvao transportis roli tvirTebis saerTaSoriso gadazidvebSi. igi am
TvalsazrisiT bevrad uswrebs transportis sxva saxeobebs.
samdinaro transporti ZiriTadad calkeuli qveynebis Siga transports warmoadgens, Tumca
zogierT did mdinareze saerTaSoriso gadazidvebic warmoebs.
sahaero transportis roli didia mgzavrTa Sor manZilze gadayvanaSi. aseve malefuWebadi
(sursaTi, medikamentebi) produqciis gadazidvisas.
g) transportis sxvadasxva saxeobis amgvari ganawileba gamoiwvia mravalma faqtorma: bunebrivma
pirobebma, transporti saxeobebis dadebiTma da uaryofiTma mxareebma.
§ 32. transportis saxeebi
1. a) aRniSnul qveynebSi samdinaro transportis ganviTarebas upirveles yovlisa xels uwyobs
bunebrivi pirobebi, kerZod, maT teritoriebze gaedineba iseTi mdinareebi, rogorebicaa: volga,
doni, obi, enisei, lena, xuanxe, ianZi, misisipi da sxv. aseve reliefis Taviseburebebi.
b) samdinaro transporto ganviTarebuli ar aris mTian da polarul qveynebSi. mTian qveynebSi
samdinaro transportis ganviTarebis saSualebas ar iZleva reliefi, polarul qveynebSi ki
mTavar rols klimaturi pirobebi asrulebs.
2. a) sarkinigzo gzebis sigrZis mixedviT: aSS, ruseTi, CineTi;
sixSiris mixedviT: belgia, niderlandebi, iaponia.
b) sarkinigzo qseli sustad aris ganviTarebuli centraluri afrikis qveynebSi.
g) avstralia, alJiri, saudis arabeTi.
3. evropis sarkinigzo gzebis sixSireze gavlena iqonia mosaxleobis simWidrovem da ekonomikis
ganviTarebam.
4. saqarTveloze gamaval gazsadensa da navTobsadenebs saqarTvelos biujetSi garkveuli
raodenobis Tanxa Semoaqvs.
5. a) msoflios umsxvilesi aeroportebi mdebareobs qalaqebSi: frankfurti mainze, londoni,
tokio, niu-iorki, Cikago, atlanta, memfisi, los-anjelesi.
b) ZiriTadi aviaxazebis mimarTulebebia: evropidan dasavleTiT CrdiloeT amerikis kontinentze
da aRmosavleTiT aziisken (iaponiisken).
6. (ix. pasuxi § 31. davaleba 7. b).
7. SedarebiT iaf satransporto saSualebas.
8. sazRvao transporti yvelaze iafi satransporto saSualebaa. swored amitom igi liderobs
tvirTebis gadazidvaSi.
10. saqarTveloSi mdinareTa reJimisa da reliefis Taviseburebis gamo samdinaro transporti
ganviTarebuli ar aris.
11. tankerebis marSruti ZiriTadad iwyeba sparseTis yuridan, saidanac xdeba msoflioSi
mopovebuli navTobis transportireba ganviTarebuli samyarosaken. es ZiriTadi xazebi miuyveba
atlantisa da indoeTis okeaneebs da miemarTeba dasavleT evropisa da iaponiisaken.
12. moixmars 2 trilion tona Jangbads. gamoyofs 500 milion mavne nivTierebebs.
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